Abstract: An article essentially consisting of one or more of Ti--Al intermetallic compounds is fabricated so as to have a volume ratio of voids no more than 3.5%, by preparing a mixture of materials selected from a group consisting of Ti, Ti alloys, Al, Al alloys, and Ti--Al compounds, having a composition suitable for forming a desired Ti--Al intermetallic compound, and heating said mixture so that said mixture may be sintered. Typically, the temperature and pressure for the heating or sintering process is appropriately selected so that the desired porosity may be obtained. The mechanical strength of an article according to the present invention is not only improved but is highly predictable, or, in other word, highly reliable. The fabrication costs can be reduced because the fabrication process involves only relatively low temperatures when pressing and heating the work at the same time.

Abstract: A high vanadium, powder metallurgy cold work tool steel article and method for production. The chromium, vanadium, and carbon plus nitrogen contents of the steel are controlled during production to achieve a desired combination of corrosion resistance and metal to metal wear resistance.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved method of manufacturing an airbag initiator. Currently, an airbag initiator is comprised of three parts made out of two dissimilar materials plus a glass to metal seal. The present method builds the same airbag initiator with the body and the pins in one piece via a process called metal injection molding. The part is then placed in a furnace to remove a wax binder, then the temperature is ramped up slowly to remove a thermoplastic layer, and the temperature is further ramped up to form a sintered part. The sintered part being equal to or better than standards of wrought material. The initiator is then removed from the furnace and a glass bead is placed in a void area in the body of the initiator. The glass is melted forming a glass to metal seal between a first pin and the body of the initiator. A top portion of the initiator is then lapped off isolating the first pin from the body of the initiator.

Abstract: An improved metal matrix composite which, in a preferred embodiment disclosed herein, utilizes boron carbide as the ceramic additive to a base material metal. The metal matrix composite of the present invention begins with the preparation of the boron carbide powder by particle size selection in a jet mill. The resulting powder and metal powder are then mixed by blending of powder of all the various elements such as by means of a conventional blender to uniformly mix powdered substances and avoid stratification and settling. After the particles have been sufficiently mixed, they are degassed and then placed into a die and then into a cylindrical container where the particulates are subjected to extremely high pressures transforming the elements into a solid ingot. It is from these ingots that the extrusion tubes or other articles of manufacture may then be made.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a connecting rod is disclosed, in which a formed body of a connecting rod integrated with a cap section of iron metal powder is heated, before or after being sintered, with a bearing metal ring set in the bearing section thereof. During or after sintering, the bearing metal is infiltrated in the bearing section, followed by the forging as required. Then the cap section is separated. In this way, the manufacturing steps are reduced, while at the same time preventing the bearing section from being overheated and seizured due to an improved heat conductivity between the connecting rod body and the bearing section.

Abstract: High purity iron-zinc intermetallic calibration standards are produced using a slow diffusion technique. The alloys are pure to greater than 99.5 wt % and are homogenous to greater than 98%. The alloys can be used to calibrate instrumentation used to monitor and measure galvanneal and galvanized coatings. The alloy calibration standards for each of the iron-zinc phases allows instrumentation correction factors to be determined for iron-zinc coating analysis.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of manufacturing a connecting rod of powder metal and having a stress riser crease formed on a side thrust face of the rod formed by hot forging a sintered powder metal preform which has a generally V-shaped notch molded in a side surface whereby the hot forging folds the spaced surfaces of the notch towards one another in non-bonding close relation to form a deep, almost widthless crease.

Abstract: Two-phase Al--Si alloy foils are made directly from Al--Si alloy powders by hot pressing. These Al--Si alloy foils are characterized by having a thickness of 0.017 in. or less, and by the fact that they are fine-grained and substantially free of oxygen, nitrogen and deformation-induced defects. The as-pressed Al--Si foils where the primary phase is the Al solid-solution phase are also generally ductile and adapted for subsequent forming operations, including cold rolling. The reduction in thickness imparted in a single pass to an Al-11.6Si alloy foil through cold-rolling was at least about 10%, with up to about 90% reduction in thickness accomplished by a plurality of such passes. These reductions in thickness were accomplished without stress relief annealing, but such annealing may be employed if desirable for microstructural modification.

Abstract: In a method for the manufacture of an encased high critical temperature superconducting wire by the "powder in tube" method, prior to the introduction of a compressed rod of superconducting material into a silver tube, the rod is heat treated so that grains of unwanted phase are reabsorbed. The tube can be drawn more easily, and strands can be produced with a regular geometry and no defects. The wire is constituted by 15 .mu.m to 20 .mu.m thick filaments (30) with a form factor of more than 60.

Abstract: A method is provided for obtaining uniform grain growth within .gamma.' precipitation strengthened nickel-base superalloys provided in powder metal or cast and wrought form. The method includes alloying the nickel-base superalloy to contain a minimum calculated amount of carbon which, when finely dispersed within the alloy using suitable processing methods, yields a sufficient amount of carbide phase which restricts the grain boundary motion of the alloy during supersolvus heat treatment. When appropriately processed, the grains are not permitted to grow randomly during supersolvus heat treatment, making possible a microstructure whose grain size is uniform, having a grain size range of about 2 to about 3 ASTM units and being substantially free of random grain growth in excess of about 2 ASTM units coarser than the desired grain size range.

Abstract: A method is provided for reducing the tendency for thermally induced porosity within a .gamma.' precipitation strengthened nickel-base superalloy which has been processed to obtain a uniform and coarse grain microstructure. This method is particularly useful for forming components such as gas turbine compressor and turbine disk assemblies in which optimal mechanical properties, such as low cycle fatigue and creep resistance, are necessary for operating at elevated temperatures within a gas turbine engine. The method generally entails alloying a .gamma.' precipitation strengthened nickel-base superalloy to have a boron content of not more than about 0.02 weight percent, and then forming a billet by melting an ingot of the superalloy in an argon gas atmosphere and atomizing the molten superalloy using argon gas. The above atomizing technique encompasses both powder metallurgy and spray forming processes.

Abstract: A soldering tip comprising 50-95 weight percent uncoated copper particles and 5-50 weight percent iron particles is prepared by a method in which the particles are compacted, sintered and shaped into a soldering tip. The soldering tips are durable, resistant to pitting by molten solder, and thermally conductive.

Abstract: A method is provided for obtaining a uniform grain size on the order of about ASTM 5 or coarser in at least a portion of an article formed from a .gamma.' precipitation strengthened nickel-base superalloy. The method comprises forming an article by: providing a billet, preheating the billet above 2000.degree. F. for at least 0.5 hours, working at least a portion to near-net shape at working conditions including a first strain rate of less than about 0.01 per second and at a subsolvus temperature at or near the recrystallization temperature, supersolvus heating to form a grain size in the portion of at least 5 ASTM, and cooling to reprecipitate .gamma.' within the article. The method can be utilized to form a .gamma.' precipitation strengthened nickel-base superalloy article whose grain size varies uniformly between portions thereof, so as to yield a desirable microstructure and property gradient in the article in accordance with the in-service temperature and stress-state gradient experienced by the article.

Abstract: Oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) Ni-base alloy foils are made directly from powders of these alloys by hot pressing. These ODS Ni-base alloy foils are characterized by having a thickness of 0.017 in. or less, and by the fact that they are fine-grained and substantially free of nitrogen and deformation induced defects. The as-pressed ODS Ni-base alloy foils are adapted for subsequent forming operations, including cold rolling. The reduction in thickness imparted in a single pass to an Ni-base alloy foil through cold-rolling was about 8%. The total reduction in thickness was about 55% based upon a plurality of such passes. For reductions in thickness greater than 20%, annealing is employed for stress relief.

Abstract: A method for forming a gas-filled consolidated metal billet, involving preparing a metallic shell container, filling the shell with a metal core material and pressurized gas, and consolidating the shell and its contents to form the billet. The consolidated billet is further formed in the same manner as solid metal components by conventional wrought mill working technologies. After thus forming a shaped billet having a predetermined, desired geometry, it is subjected to a heat treatment that expands the gas trapped within the core, to produce in situ a metal body having an integral sandwich-type structure with a solid metal facing and a porous metal core.

Abstract: A method of preparing a metal alloy product from a powder blend. The method comprising: (a) cold pressing a blend to form a compact, the metal blend comprising a metal powder phase and at least one reinforcement phase having a hardness greater than the metal phase; (b) heating the compact to form a preheated compact; and (c) hot working the heated compact. In a preferred method, the powder metal blend comprises 50 to 90 vol. % of an aluminum alloy powder and 10 to 50 vol. % of silicon carbide; the heating of the compact perforated in a nitrogen atmosphere to form a preheated compact; and the extruded hot compact is hot worked. Hot working may take the form of forging, rolling, upset forging, exuding, compacting or other processes known in the art.

Abstract: A tool steel powder added with a vanadium carbide powder by a milling process, and a method for manufacturing parts therewith are disclosed. Particularly, a method for adding a vanadium carbide (VC) powder to a tool steel powder by a ball milling or an attrition milling, and a method for manufacturing a part by using the milled tool steel powder are disclosed. The method for manufacturing a vanadium carbide added tool steel powder and for manufacturing parts using the powder, includes the steps of: mixing a tool steel powder with vanadium carbide powder in an amount of 5.about.15 wt %; ball-milling the mixture powder under wet atmosphere; carrying out an annealing in a vacuum; carrying out a cold die compaction or cold isostatic pressing to near net dimension and carrying out a vacuum sintering and then a hot isotropic pressing without canning.

Abstract: A method of making a bearing component for a rotary cone rock bit which obtains the beneficial strengthening effect of metalloids and their compounds without the undesirable effects of segregation. The method includes rolling a sintered compact to form a strip or plate of a particular composition that would be subject to segregation if produced by casting and thereafter forming the strip or plate into the bearing component. Additionally, the rolled sintered compact may be heat treated and machined after heat treating. A method of making a rotary cone rock bit is also disclosed.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process of forming a sintered article of powder metal comprising blending graphite and lubricant with a pre-alloyed iron based powder, pressing said blended mixture to shape in a single compaction stage sintering said article, and then high temperature sintering said article in a reducing atmosphere to produce a sintered article having a density greater than 7.4 g/cc.

Abstract: A method of forging to impart a critical amount of retained strain is described for Ni-base superalloys, particularly those which comprise a mixture of .gamma. and .gamma.' phases, and most particularly those which contain at least about 40 percent by volume of .gamma.'. This forging method harnesses nucleation-limited recrystallization, a phenomenon which has been known in the past to produce uncontrolled, non-uniform Critical grain growth, to produce forged articles having a uniform average grain size in the range of about 90-120 microns. The method comprises the selection of a forging preform formed from a Ni-base superalloy. Isothermal subsolvus forging is then used to form a precursor forging which has a near-net shape. The precursor forging is then forged using relatively high strain rate techniques, such as hammer forging, hot die forging or room temperature forging, to impart all or some portion of it with a critical amount of retained strain energy.

Abstract: In a powder forging process, a heated green compact is placed in a stationary die and subjected to a press-forging carried out mainly to reduce the thickness thereof by cooperation of the stationary die with a movable die. The press-forging is performed at two pressing steps. After placement of the green compact into the concave molding portion of the stationary die, the pressing step were carried out. Thus, it is possible to produce a forged product having a high strength and a high toughness. A heated heat insulator also may be placed in the stationary die to provide a temperature-retaining effect to the green compact before and during pressing.

Abstract: A method of producing bearing surfaces from powder metal blanks comprising: blending carbon and ferro alloys and lubricant with compressible elemental iron powder, pressing the blending mixture to form the powder metal blank, high temperature sintering the blank in a reducing atmosphere, compressing the powder metal blanks so as to produce a densified layer having a bearing surface, and then heat treating the densified layer.

Abstract: A powder-metallurgy-produced, essentially titanium-free, nickel-containing maraging steel article such as for use in the manufacture of die casting die components and other hot work tooling components. The article preferably contains an intentional addition of niobium. The article may be produced as a hot-isostatically-compacted, solution annealed, fully dense mass of prealloyed particles, or alternately, as a hot-isostatically-compacted, plastically deformed and solution annealed, fully dense mass of prealloyed particles.

Abstract: A dispersion-strengthened aluminum alloy having a composite structure containing a matrix of .alpha.-aluminum and a precipitation deposited phase of an intermetallic compound with the intermetallic compound in a volume ratio of not more than 35 vol. %, has both high strength and high toughness. The precipitation phase of the intermetallic compound has an aspect ratio of not more than 3.0, the .alpha.-aluminum has a crystal grain size which is at least twice the grain size of the precipitation phase of the intermetallic compound, and the crystal grain size of the .alpha.-aluminum is not more than 200 nm. It is possible to obtain an aluminum alloy having the aforementioned limited structure by carrying out first and second heat treatments on gas-atomized powder containing at least 10 vol. % of an amorphous phase or a green compact thereof and thereafter carrying out hot plastic working.

Abstract: A method is provided for obtaining uniform grain growth within .gamma.' precipitation strengthened nickel-base superalloys. The method includes forming a billet having a very fine grain size in order to achieve optimum superplasticity of the superalloy during forging. The article is then heated to a pre-working hold temperature in a manner which prevents coarsening of the microstructure and a loss of superplasticity. The article is then worked, such as by forging, at a temperature below the .gamma.' solvus temperature of the alloy, so as to maintain local strain rates within the article below a critical strain rate for random grain growth, and so as to maintain the strain rate gradient throughout the article below a critical upper limit. After working, the article is subjected to annealing at a temperature which is less than the .gamma.' solvus temperature of the alloy, and for a duration which is sufficient to remove accumulated metallurgical strain in the article.

Abstract: A process for producing high density refractory metal warhead liners from near net shape blanks. A shaped mold is filled with pure or solid solution molybdenum or tungsten powders. The powders may be isostatically pressed and sintered to form a near net shape blank. A hot isostatic press may be used in combination with these steps or by itself to form the near net shape blank. The hot isostatic press densifies the near net shape blank to at least 90% of theoretical density. Where wrought properties are desired, a final forging step is performed. Alternatively, a process such as vacuum plasma spraying may be used to form the near net shape blank. A hot isostatic press densifies the near net shape blank. A final machining step achieves a finished refractory metal warhead liner.

Abstract: A powder-metallurgy produced tool steel article of a hot worked, fully dense, consolidated mass of prealloyed particles of a tool steel alloy having a sulfur content within the range of 0.10 to 0.30 weight percent and a maximum sulfide size below about 15 microns.

Abstract: A process of coining sintered articles of powder metal comprising: blending carbon, ferro manganese, and lubricant with compressible elemental iron powder, pressing the blended mixture to form the articles, high temperature sintering of the articles in a reducing atmosphere and then coining the sintered articles to final shape so as to narrow the tolerance variability of coined articles and substantially eliminate secondary operations.

Abstract: Metal alloy foils are made directly from metal alloy powders by hot pressing. These metal alloy foils are characterized by having a thickness of 0.017 in. or less, and by the fact that they are fine-grained and substantially free of oxygen, nitrogen and deformation-induced defects. In particular, Ti-base alloy foils having an average thickness of about 0.011 in. have been formed directly from Ti-base alloy powders. These as-pressed Ti-base alloy foils are also ductile and adapted for subsequent forming operations, including cold rolling. The deformation which may be imparted in a single pass through cold-rolling to these Ti-base alloy foils is at least about 5%, with up to about 45% deformation imparted to one of these alloys in multiple passes without stress relief annealing. Total reductions in thickness of up to 90% are achieved by a combination of cold-rolling and stress relief annealing.

Abstract: An aluminum alloy powder or a green compact thereof is prepared, wherein: (1) the composition formula is Al.sub.100-a-b Fe.sub.a X.sub.b where a and b in atomic % are 4.0.ltoreq.a.ltoreq.6.0, 1.0.ltoreq.b.ltoreq.4.0, and where X is at least one alloy element selected from Y and Mm (mish metal); or (2) the composition formula is Al.sub.100-a-b-c Fe.sub.a Si.sub.b X.sub.c, where a, b and c in atomic % are 3.0.ltoreq.a.ltoreq.6.0, 0.5.ltoreq.b.ltoreq.3.0, and 0.5.ltoreq.c.ltoreq.3.0, and where X is at least one alloy element selected from Ti, Co, Ni, Mn and Cr, and wherein both (1) and (2) include an amorphous phase of at least 1% by volume. The aluminum alloy powder or the green compact thereof is heated at a temperature increasing at a rate of at least 80.degree. C./min. to a predetermined temperature of at least 560.degree. C. and not more than a temperature at which 10% by volume of a liquid phase is contained in the alloy powder or green compact.

Abstract: A high strength titanium alloy or titanium aluminide metal foil having improved strength and density is produced, preferably in coilable strip form, by plasma-depositing the selected titanium-based material on a receiving surface, separating the deposited material from the receiving surface to provide two metal foil preforms each having a relatively smooth side as cast against the receiving surface and a relatively rough, opposite side as deposited from the plasma, disposing the two metal preforms together with the relatively rough sides of the two metal preforms in facing engagement with each other, and squeezing the two preforms together between pressure bonding rolls to metallurgically bond the preforms to each other and to consolidate the materials of the preforms to form a fully dense metal foil.

Abstract: The process for extruding tantalum or niobium includes sealing a cold isostatically pressed charge of tantalum or niobium powder in a first metal cylinder and then sealing the first cylinder in a second metal cylinder with a metal powder of spherical shape in a gap between the cylinders. Thereafter, the second cylinder is cold isostatically pressed to prevent the metal powder in the gap from segregating. This is followed by heating and extrusion of the second container to form, e.g. an extruded bar. The ends of the bar and the skin on the bar can be removed to obtain a rod of tantalum (or niobium) with a yield of from 95% to 96% of the original powder.

Abstract: Ni-base alloy foils are made directly from Ni-base alloy powders by hot pressing. These Ni-base alloy foils are characterized by having a thickness of 0.017 in. or less, and by the fact that they are fine-grained and substantially free of oxygen, nitrogen and deformation-induced defects. The as-pressed Ni-base foils are generally ductile and adapted for subsequent forming operations, including cold rolling. The reduction in thickness imparted in a single pass to a Ni-base alloy foil through cold-rolling ranged from 4-10% depending on the alloy composition. The total reduction in thickness ranged from about 10-50% based upon a plurality of such passes. For reductions in thickness greater than about 10%, annealing is employed for stress relief.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a heating element, the method including the steps of: a) providing powders of two metals; b) mixing the powders; c) grinding the mixed powders; d) compacting the mixed powders to form a green compact; e) sintering the green compact in a first atmosphere; f) plastically working and process annealing the green compact; g) etching a surface of the green compact to cause pores thereon; and h) sintering the etched green compact in an oxidizing atmosphere. A Ni-Cr heating element manufactured by the present method has improved high temperature properties and a fusion temperature 300.degree. C. greater than those of conventional Ni-Cr heating elements.

Abstract: An INVAR 36 material having long-term dimensional stability is produced by sintering a blend of powders of nickel and iron under pressure in an inert atmosphere to form an alloy containing less than 0.01 parts of carbon and less than 0.1 part aggregate and preferably 0.01 part individually of Mn, Si, P, S, and Al impurities. The sintered alloy is heat treated and slowly and uniformly cooled to form a material having a coefficient of thermal expansion of less than 1 ppm/.degree.C. and a temporal stability of less than 1 ppm/year.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a stator for an ultrasonic motor, wherein the stator includes a circular land portion, a plurality of teeth secured to the land portion by a plurality of radial slits, the method comprising the steps of: compressing fine metal particle to form a pre-compression body having a predetermined shape, whereby said pre-compression body is provided with a plurality of projections for forming a plurality of teeth of the stator; baking said pre-compression body, for producing a sintered body; applying a densification process on the teeth of said sintered body produced in said baking step, whereby each of said teeth is provided with a high dense portion having a density ratio of at least 90%; and applying a sizing process to said sintered body produced in said baking step.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing an intermetallic compound comprises (a) preparing a powder, (b) canning said powder in a tube, (c) executing a first heat treatment to said tube-canned powder, and (d) treating said tube-canned powder for obtaining an intermetallic compound. This invention offers a simple, efficient, and inexpensive method for producing an intermetallic compound possessing excellent mechanical properties.

Abstract: A process for producing from iron materials a sintered molded part which is pore-free in individual zones or boundary zones but porous in the other zones. The process is based on a molded part brought to a residual porosity of about 10% by volume by conventional powder pressing and sintering processes. By additional process steps such as zonal introduction of additional materials or local mechanical recompacting, certain zones or local areas are brought to a residual porosity of 5% by volume or less; at the same time, a closed pore structure is produced in these zones. Under these preconditions, in a final HIP or sintering HIP process step the sintered molded part can be brought to 100% material density in the pretreated zones so that they substantially completely free from pores. The major advantages include local improvement in material properties and calibratability of the finished sintered molded part.

Abstract: A process for preparing a consolidated nickel-base superalloy compact suitable for tensile force inducing high strain rate deformation. It includes the steps of: preparing a melt of a nickel-base superalloy in a vacuum; atomizing the melt into powder in a protective atmosphere; collecting the powder; screening the powder to proper size; introducing the powder into a container; evacuating and sealing the container in a vacuum; and consolidating the powder under pressure at a temperature below the solidus temperature of the alloy and at a temperature at which grain boundaries grow past prior particle boundaries.

Abstract: The process of forming an extruded product of tantalum or niobium requires a cold isostatic pressing of a charge of the powder to a density sufficient to form a green compact which is then placed in a capsule. The capsule is then sealed and heated to a temperature and for a time sufficient to anneal the green compact. Thereafter, the capsule and encapsulated compact are subjected to a cold isostatic pressing to achieve a density of from 70% to 85%. This is followed by subsequent heating and extrusion of the heated capsule and encapsulated compact to form the extruded product. The outer layer on the capsule which has been formed by the capsule material can be removed, as by pickling, in the case of the capsule being a carbon steel.

Abstract: Brazed structures are disassembled with little or no physical damage to the components by coating the brazed joints with a powdered wicking agent, preferably mixed with a fugitive liquid binder to form an adherent slurry, then heating the joint to allow the brazing alloy to melt and be drawn into the powdered wicking agent by capillary action. After cooling, the powder and braze alloy are mixed together to form a loosely consolidated mass which can be readily removed by mechanical and/or chemical means so that the components can then be separated for repair or reuse.

Abstract: A porous living body repairing member obtained by compression-molding a metal fiber material into a desired shape, sintering the fiber mesh body or thereafter, and imparting a compressive stress of not more than 4.00 to 40.0 MPa to provide a porous living body repairing member having a compressive elasticity of not more than 2000 MPa and a permanent deformation of not more than 1% under a stress below a compressive yield stress.The compressive yield stress becomes approximately equal to the above compressive stress, and almost complete elasticity of a permanent deformation rate of not more than 0.1% is shown with respect to a compressive stress below this compressive yield stress. Accordingly, even when the porous living body repairing member is used at a high compressive load site such as man's lumbar body, permanent deformation hardly occurs.

Abstract: A martensitic hot work tool steel mold and die block article for use in the manufacture for molds for plastic injection molding, die casting die components, and other hot work tooling components. The article has a hardness within the range of 35 to 50 HRC, a minimum Charpy V-notch impact toughness of 3 foot pounds when heat treated to a hardness of 44 to 46 HRC and when tested both at 72.degree. F. and 600.degree. F. The article is an as hot-isostatically-compacted, fully dense, heat-treated mass of prealloyed particles which contain sulfur within the range of 0.05 to 0.30 weight percent. The hot work tool steel includes maraging and precipitation-hardening steels of this type.

Abstract: An article and method of manufacture of a (Bi,Pb)--Sr--Ca--Cu--O superconductor comprisingcalcinating powders of superconductor precursors of PbO, Bi.sub.2 O.sub.3, SrCO.sub.3 or SrO, CaCO.sub.3 or CaO in air to obtain a 2223 superconductor lump and second phases;crushing the lump into powder;molding the powder into a superconductor body;disposing the body within silver powder to form a composite;molding the composite;heat treating the composite to increase the bond strength of the silver powder; andworking the composite into a useable shape by rolling and drawing while applying intermediate and final heat treatments to obtain a final product.

Abstract: Disclosed is a copper-lead based bearing material having excellent corrosion resistance, comprising a steel back metal and a bearing layer of a copper-lead based bearing alloy, the latter consisting essentially, by weight, 0.5 to 10% Bi, 0.5 to 8% Sn, 15 to 30% Pb, 2 to 10% Ni, not greater than 0.2% P, the balance Cu and incidental impurities.By adding Bi in a copper-lead based bearing alloy it becomes possible to obtain excellent corrosion resistance without impairing the conformability and seizure resistance of the bearing material in comparison with the conventional copper-lead based bearing alloys.

Abstract: A method for producing hot worked gamma titanium aluminide alloy articles which comprises the steps of:(a) providing a prealloyed gamma titanium aluminide alloy powder;(b) filling a suitable die or mold with the powder;(c) hot isostatic press (HIP) consolidating the powder in the filled mold at a pressure of 30 Ksi or greater and at a temperature below the alpha-two+gamma eutectoid temperature of the alloy to produce a preform;(d) hot working the preform at a temperature at or below the alpha-two+gamma eutectoid temperature of the alloy; and(e) optionally, heat treating the hot worked article.By hot working the preform at or below the alpha-two+gamma eutectoid temperature, the fine, uniform, isotropic microstructure of the preform is maintained, allowing a large metal flow and good shape definition with no edge cracking.

Abstract: A copper-alloy slide bearing for a low-rigidity housing having a three-layer structure of a steel back-metal, a copper-alloy layer and an overlay, the back metal containing 0.03 to 0.26% by weight of carbon. During the production of the slide bearing, a bimetal is prepared in such a manner that a back-metal portion is rolled at a total rolling reduction of 10 to 35%, and the resultant bimetal is heat-treated at a relatively low temperature, so that the slide bearing includes a back metal having a 0.01% elastic limit of not less than 300 N/mm.sup.2. When the copper-alloy slide bearing is used in a low-rigidity housing of an internal combustion engine, the slide bearing is capable of more excellently following the deformation of the housing, as well as capable of providing more excellent intimate contact and more excellent fretting resistance, than a conventional multi-layer slide bearing.

Abstract: Fatigue crack growth-resistant articles are made from powder metal or cast and wrought gamma prime precipitation strengthened nickel-base superalloy material, wherein a relatively high predetermined minimum strain rate, .epsilon..sub.min, is employed during hot working at or near the alloy's recrystallization temperature; or alternatively a relatively high strain level, .epsilon..sub.min, is employed during cold or warm working at temperatures below the alloy's recrystallization temperature. The worked articles are characterized by a uniform fine grain size, and grains which coarsen uniformly after heating at the supersolvus solutioning temperature, thereby alleviating non-uniform grain growth within the material.

Abstract: A method is presented for uniformly heating plastically deformable material, which comprises particles of electrically conducting matter. This method comprises inducing an electric current, or causing hysteresis loss within such material, by using electromagnetic radiation with frequency between about 50 Hertz and about 10 MegaHertz, to cause heating of the material.

Abstract: A method for forming a wear surface on a metal substrate has a slurry which includes wear resistant particles, powdered steel, and binder system positioned on the metal substrate by retaining walls for a time sufficient for drying the slurry and forming a composite material of preselected thickness "T". The retaining walls are then removed and the substrate and the composite material are heated and passed through a rolling mill compressing the composite material.