Abstract: A very thin coating layer having a thickness of the order of angstroms of a hydroxymethyl substituted phenol is applied to the surface of a metal material. The hydroxylmethyl substituted phenol, such as saligenin, is applied in the gaseous phase to the surface of the metal material maintained at a high temperature.By forming this ultra-thin coating layer, the heat bondability of a thermoplastic resin layer to the metal material can be effectively improved. This technique is advantageously used in various fields, for example, for production of bonded cans.

Abstract: High nickel/iron alloy steel plate for LNG or LPG tanks having 35-37% nickel content is plated with nickel in an amount of 1 to 10 g/m.sup.2, and then chromated, except electro-chromating treatment, to obtain thereon a chromate film having a chromium content of 5 to 100 mg/m.sup.2.

Abstract: The use of modifiers such as disulfides and phosphines is particularly effective in modifying the properties of metals such as noble metals and silver. For example, disulfides are useful for modifying the properties of gold and silver while phosphines are useful for metals such as platinum and palladium. Through treatment with a suitable modifier it is possible to change properties such as the wetting and adhesion properties of the treated metal. Additionally, the use of modifiers to treat a desired substrate enhances formation of continuous metal films on this substrate.

Abstract: A process for enhancing the wettability of evaporation elements, such as substrates and metal reservoirs used in liquid metal ion sources, and the elements so produced wherein a coating material is wettably coated onto the evaporation element at a coating temperature greater than the ion source operating temperature. The coated element is cooled to the operating temperature, and then contacted with the molten ion source alloy. The coating material is selected to wet the substrate or reservoir at the coating temperature, but to be itself wet by the ion source alloy at the ion source operating temperature. The preferred coating metal is gold, which is first applied by electrodeposition onto the evaporation element, and the evaporation element and coating are heated to a coating temperature of about 800.degree. C. to complete the coating step. The coated evaporation element is cooled to the source operating temperature of 200.degree. C.-300.degree. C.

Abstract: Imagewise deposition of ink onto a substrate such as a circuit board, by ink jet technology, to produce a metal-imaged circuit board.

Abstract: A material which is intended for use in sliding surface bearings comprises a metallic backing, a porous metallic substrate layer applied to said backing, and a PTFE-filler mixture, which completely fills the pores of the substrate layer and constitutes an antifriction layer. The bond strength between the antifriction layer and the substrate layer is improved by coating that surface of the substrate layer which faces the antifriction layer with a primer.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to zirconium base alloys containing about 0.1 to 0.6 weight percent tin; about 0.07 to 0.24 weight percent iron; about 0.05 to 0.15 weight percent chromium; and up to about 0.05 weight percent nickel. The balance of the alloy is zirconium with incidental impurities. The levels of the incidental impurity, oxygen, is controlled to a level of less than about 350 ppm. These alloys have been designed to minimize the adverse effects of pellet-clad interaction, when they are used as a liner bonded to the inside surface of water reactor nuclear fuel cladding. Specific cladding and fuel element designs according to the present invention are described.

Abstract: A fine mesh screen is coated with at least one metal, by galvanic or chemical deposition. Metals of the platinum group are especially advantageous. The mesh width may be as small as 0.1 micron or less. Several screens may be arranged in a stack and used to clean waste gases.

Abstract: Surface treatment of metal blanks is achieved by applying an oxirane ring-containing compound in the gas phase to the surface of a metal blank maintained at a high temperature. According to this method, a covering layer which is much thinner than a conventional so-called adhesive primer coating layer and has a thickness of the angstrom order is formed on the surface of a metal blank. If a thermoplastic resin layer is coated on the metal surface treated with this oxirane ring-containing compound, the initial adhesion and the adhesion after lapse of time are highly improved over these adhesions attainable by the conventional methods. Even if a lacquer containing a thermosetting resin instead of the thermoplastic resin is coated and dried on the metal surface treated with this bonding compound, a similar effect can be attained.

Abstract: The present invention describes coating processes and the resultant coated articles for use in high temperature sodium environments, such as those found in liquid metal fast breeder reactors and their associated systems. The substrate to which the coating is applied may be either an iron base or nickel base alloy. The coating itself is applied to the substrate by electro-spark deposition techniques which result in metallurgical bonding between the coating and the substrate. One coating according to the present invention involves electro-spark depositing material from a cemented chromium carbide electrode and an aluminum electrode. Another coating according to the present invention involves electro-spark depositing material from a cemented chromium carbide electrode and a nickel-base hardfacing alloy electrode.

Abstract: A ferrous metal strip is provided with a wet film coating of a powder metal, powder refractory material or a mixture thereof dispersed in a resin binder composition formed of a synthetic organic resin and a volatile solvent, followed by heating the coated strip to remove the solvent and cure the organic resin. The metal strip with the cured resin-powder flexible non-tacky coating can be subjected to varying heat treatments to provide a wide range of protective coatings having improved surface properties. The formability properties of the cured resin-powder coating is further improved by applying a surface coating of a dry lubricant, such as molybdenum disulfide or graphite, as a dry powder or as a dispersion in a fluid vehicle.

Abstract: A wear resistant compound body is disclosed which is comprised of a metallic basic material and has a wear resistant zone which includes hard substance and/or hard metal particles in addition to the basic material. The basic material is composed of0.001 to 1.5 weight percent carbon,0.5 to 8 weight percent boron,1 to 8 weight percent niobium,0.2 to 6 weight percent chromium,0 to 30 weight percent nickel,0 to 10 weight percent manganese,0 to 6 weight percent vanadium,0 to 5 weight percent molybdenum,0 to 5 weight percent silicon, the remainder being iron.Also disclosed is a casting process for producing the compound body.

Abstract: Processes for (1) depositing main group metals on inorganic and metallic substrates, (2) depositing transition metals on organic, inorganic and metallic substrates, and (3) depositing combinations of main group metals and transition metals on organic, inorganic and metallic substrates. The resulting products have useful electrical, optical and/or decorative properties.

Abstract: A method for the production of a metal sheet covered with polyester resin film which comprises laminating a biaxially oriented polyester resin film which has been precoated uniformly with a small amount of an epoxy resin containing a curing agent of epoxy resin to a metal sheet covered with double layer consisting of an upper layer of hydrated chromium oxide and a lower layer of metallic chromium, which metal sheet has been heated to a temperature of 220.degree. C. to below the melting point of polyester resin film, in the condition wherein the surface of said polyester resin film precoated with an epoxy resin containing the curing agent of epoxy resin contacts the metal sheet.This metal sheet covered with polyester resin film is excellent in corrosion resistance and adhesion of polyester resin film to the metal sheet after any severe forming.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for applying hard tungsten carbide particles to the surface of metal stabilizers used in the drilling of oil, gas, geothermal and water wells. The process consists of applying a soft, elastic metal powder to the surface of the substrate. Large tungsten carbide particles, which have also been coated with the soft powder, are placed on top of the layer of soft powder. The particles are then covered with additional soft powder, which powder is then fused to form a homogeneous, large tungsten carbide particle containing mixture bonded to the substrate. A hard matrix is applied and fused over the large tungsten carbide particle containing mixture. The large tungsten carbide particles, which have a low coefficient of expansion, are thereby contained in a soft elastic metal matrix which acts as an expansion and cushion material, while the hard matrix presents a less resilient, more wear resistant surface.

Abstract: An optical data storage system is contemplated, employing improved optical disk media, these characterized by multiple layers, including various under layers, an optical absorber layer, and overcoating layers, such as a "soft pad" layer (e.g., a fluoropolymer) overlaid with a "Hard" layer (e.g., a radiation-cured acrylic) as an outer protective overcoat. Taught are "Spiral" coating techniques (FIG. 3) specified for applying the "Hard" layer and preferably involving: applying the coating mix as arcuate "bead segments" about the disk center, these being formulated and applied to properly "set-up" and quickly "level" (e.g., close enough to one another and "self-leveling").

Abstract: A method of producing rocket combustors wherein in forming an outer cylin by a powder metallurgical method on the outer side of a cylinder provided on its outer periphery with a cooling wall of channel construction having a plurality of grooves (14), an Ni electroforming layer is formed on the outer side of the outer cylinder, and also a method of producing rocket combustors wherein an outer cylinder is of multilayer construction having two or more layers.

Abstract: A cathode for electrolyzing acid solutions which comprises an electrically conductive metal substrate, a spray coated layer of a cathode active material containing tungsten, tungsten carbide or a mixture thereof in an amount of 10% by weight or more on the substrate, and an impregnation coated layer of 1 g/m.sup.2 or more of an acid-resistant fluorine containing resin on the outside surface of the coated layer of cathode active material, and a process for producing such.

Abstract: A process is provided for improving the electroless nickel plating of aluminum which has been pretreated with a barrier coating such as zinc by employing multiple plating baths under controlled operating conditions.

Abstract: The method of the present invention improves the density, strength and bonding of coatings which have previously been applied to substrates by prior art methods such as chemical deposition, electrochemical processed, thermal deposition, and mechanical coating. The method of the present invention subjects the coated substrate to a thermal mechanical process in the form of a compressive stress which is applied to the coating at a temperature greater than about 0.5 T.sub.i and less than T.sub.i where T.sub.i is the incipient melting temperature. The compressive stress is preferably applied through a pressure transfer medium and should be greater in magnitude than about 30 ksi. The dwell time under maximum compressive stress can be from about 0.1 second to about 10 seconds depending on the temperature of the coating, the substrate and the magnitude of the compressive stress.

Abstract: A combustible gas sensor element prepared by the process of applying, to a sheathed wire coil, separate costs of catalytic wash each heated in a furnace, separate and alternating coats of porous ceramic and platinum each heated by passing an electric current through the coiled wire filament, and separate coats of porous ceramic top coating, each heated by passing an electric current through the filament.

Abstract: A novel method for firmly bonding metal and ceramics comprising the steps of applying a composite plating composition consisting of a metal containing plating solution and fine particles of ceramic on a surface of metal to which the ceramic is to be bonded, thereby forming a metal plating layer on the surface having partially projected fine particles of ceramic, and then firing the coated metal in order to fuse the ceramic thereto.

Abstract: A coating composite provides desirable corrosion resistance for substrate metals, as well as, enhanced torque control where desired. The undercoat of the composite can be metal in elemental form or can be exemplified by being chromium-containing, either in elemental or non-elemental form. The special topcoat composition, containing copolymer component and silicate substance in liquid medium, is applied directly to the undercoating. In addition to corrosion resistance and torque control, the composite provides the substrate metal with excellent heat, abrasion and solvent resistance. Before use, the special topcoating displays outstanding shelf stability.

Abstract: An electrode comprising a substrate of a conducting metal, a coat of an electrode active substrate, and a layer interposed between the substrate and the coat to serve as a protective barrier for the substrate acquires improved durability by using, as the intermediate layer, a layer having platinum dispersed in a mixed oxide consisting of an oxide of at least one metal selected from the group consisting of titanium and tin, each having a valence of 4, and an oxide of at least one metal selected from the group consisting of tantalum and niobium, each having a valence of 5.

Abstract: A metal is deposited onto a substrate from an electroless plating solution by plating an initial layer of metal onto the substrate, then contacting the metal-plated substrate with a solution of an acid; and plating an additional layer of metal onto the plated, acid-treated substrate. The process reduces the plating void defects.

Abstract: An electronic conductor and a method for manufacturing it are provided. The conductor is made of a base of substantially copper having a diffusion barrier on the base and a coating of tin-lead, or of tin, on the diffusion barrier. The diffusion barrier is either copper in combination with phosphorus, or copper in combination with boron. The method of manufacturing an electronic conductor applies the diffusion barrier to the base by means of an electro-deposition process and then applies the coating on the diffusion barrier.

Abstract: A rubber article, such as a vehicle tire, reinforced with steel filaments in the form of cables, cords or wefts. The corrosion speed of the steel is reduced by using rubber having a specific electrical resistance of at least 5.times.107 Ohm centimeter.

Abstract: An improved cathode with a conductive metal core and a Raney-type catalytic surface predominantly derived from an adherent Beta nickel (NiAl.sub.3) crystalline precursory outer portion of the metal core is disclosed. The precursory outer portion preferably has molybdenum added to give a precursor alloy having the formula Ni.sub.x Mo.sub.1-x Al.sub.3 where x is within the range of from about 80 to about 95 weight percent. Also disclosed is a method of producing a low overvoltage cathode. The method includes the steps of taking a Ni-Mo core or substrate having about 5-20 weight percentage of Mo and coating it with aluminum then heat treating to form a Ni-Mo-Al alloy with mostly a Beta nickel structure and then leaching out the Al to produce a Raney surface.

Abstract: A substrate having high absorptance and emittance is produced by roughening the surface of the substrate, immersing the substrate in a first electroless plating bath having a low phosphorus to nickel concentration, then immersing the substrate in a second electroless plating bath having a phosphorus to nickel concentration higher than that of said first electroless plating bath. Thereafter, the resulting electroless nickel-phosphorus alloy coated substrate is immersed in an aqueous acidic etchant bath containing sulfuric acid, nitric acid and divalent nickel to develop a highly blackened surface on said substrate.

Abstract: Method and apparatus which allows the component leads of pre-taped electronic components to be solder tinned to preserve the solderability and shelf life of such component leads. Pre-taped electronic components and the like are prepackaged in a reel and positioned in the apparatus such that the reel is free to rotate. Both leads of each component are secured to corresponding adjacent component leads by tape. The electronic components are moved through a plurality of processing stages such that one lead of each component is solder tinned, one of the processing stages removing the tape from the leads to enable the soldering thereof. After soldering of the leads, tape is applied thereto. The process is then repeated for the other leads of each component.

Abstract: Temperature resistant substrates, and particularly metals such as ferrous metals, coated for corrosion resistance with coatings containing particulate metal and hexavalent chromium-providing substance can now be made further corrosion resistant, as well as having excellent heat resistance, with a coating composite. In the composite, the undercoating contains a boric acid component plus substantial amounts of finely-divided aluminum as particulate metal. As an adjacent top layer, a coating containing silica substance is used.

Abstract: A method is provided for coating magnesium granules with a fluoride-containing salt comprising contacting the granules with at least one fluoride-containing salt selected from the group consisting of alkali and alkaline earth metal fluorides and fluoborates and thereby produce a fluoride-containing coating on the surface of the granules. The coating is characterized in that the oxidation of the magnesium granules is greatly inhibited during the use of the granules as an addition agent to a molten metal bath, for example, when used in the desulfurization of steel.

Abstract: Structure coated with graded ceramic material and methods of coating application are disclosed. Techniques for maintaining low stress to strength ratios across the depth of the coating are discussed. In one particular structure the coating is applied to a metal substrate (12) and comprises a metallic bond coat (14), a first interlayer (16) of metal/ceramic material, a second interlayer (18) of metal/ceramic material having an increased proportion of ceramic and an all ceramic layer. Modulation of the metal substrate temperature during the coating process establishes a desired residual stress pattern in the part.

Abstract: The overlaying of a Fe-containing metallic material such as stainless steel which constitutes an anti-abrasive and sweat-proof base for decorative articles and ornaments, with a precious metal alloy such as a gold 18 carats fine which contains Ag is made by at least two steps, viz.; a first step which comprises plating selected surfaces of the base material with the constituents of said alloy but excluding Ag constituent in any desired order and one at a time in a plurality of first successive layers, and heating said first layers to cause them to diffuse to each other and with the base material; and a second step which comprises plating said surfaces further with all or selected ones of the constituents of said alloy and including the primary and Ag constituents in any desired order and one at a time in a plurality of second successive layers, and heating the second layers to cause them to diffuse to each other and with the first layers.

Abstract: A method for electroless nickel plating of silicon-iron which has been heat treated prior to the plating operation and subjected to thermal shock after the plating operation includes the steps of cleaning the surface of the silicon-iron with a fluoride etch salt, forming a thin deposit of palladium on the clean surface of the silicon-iron, hardening the palladium deposit by treatment with a solution of ammonium hydroxide and nickel plating the silicon-iron using an electroless nickel plating solution, followed by baking at about 250.degree. F. for about six hours.

Abstract: A speaker diaphragm of the present invention is prepared in a manner such that a boron layer is formed on one face of a dome-shaped metal foil by means of a physical vapor deposition method such as ion-plating, cathode sputtering, vacuum evaporation or the like, when necessary the metal foil is thinned by etching, and then, if necessary, another boron layer is formed on the other face of the metal foil. Alternatively, a metal layer is formed on the surface of the boron layer. The resultant speaker diaphragm is light in weight and high in modulus and also has appropriate internal mechanical resistance against vibration, thereby providing a speaker of high efficiency and satisfactory characteristics.

Abstract: Low alloy steel tubing is decarburized, chromized and then aluminized with or without masking at the sites at which the tubing is to be welded in place, to greatly increase resistance of the tubing to high temperature oxidation and sulfidation. Low surface aluminum content after aluminizing makes it easier to weld at that surface.

Abstract: A cathode electrode of copper-based material adapted for use in an electrical device is provided with a deposit of silver coated with a finely divided electrically conductive material such as graphite palladium or platinum. The silver deposit is formed by reacting a dilute solution of sodium-silver cyanide with the copper-based cathode electrode. When utilized in an electrolytic capacitor, the cathode electrode helps to increase the capacitance of the cathode electrode and the contact of the copper-based material to an acid electrolyte is uniformly distributed over a large area to provide extended operation with high ripple current with deep cycles of charge and discharge.

Abstract: A steel sheet plated with Pb-Sn alloy, suitable for use as the material of automobile fuel tanks for containing fuel having alcoholic content. The steel sheet has an NiSn alloy layer or a composite layer including a backing Ni layer and the NiSn alloy layer; the NiSn alloy layer or the composite layer being formed on the steel surface to have a thickness of 0.035 to 1.mu.; and a plating layer of Pb-Sn system alloy formed on the sole NiSn layer on the NiSn layer of the composite layer. The steel sheet plated with Pb-Sn alloy can be produced by plating the steel sheet with Ni backing, forming a Pb-Sn system alloy layer by a hot dip plating, and rapidly cooling the steel sheet. Alternatively, the steel sheet plated with Ni is subjected to successive electroplating with Sn and then with Pb, and is then treated at a specific temperature for melting and diffusing Sn into Ni to form the NiSn layer.

Abstract: In a method of forming porcelain enamel layer on a metal substrate, the method comprises steps of applying a first coating for an underlying ground layer and a second coating for overlying self-cleaning layer or coloring layer, and the method is characterized by firing both of said first coating and said second coating at the same time, forming a double layered porcelain enamel layer having an inter-layer wherein both layers are mixed, thus giving a sufficient bonding force inbetween as well as strong corrosion resistivity of the substrate due to few pinholes and bubbles in the underlying ground coating.

Abstract: A base layer of an oxide dispersed, metallic alloy (cermet) is arc-plasma sprayed onto a substrate, such as a turbine blade, vane, or the like, which is subjected to high temperature use. A top layer of an oxidation, hot corrosion, erosion resistant alloy of nickel, cobalt, or iron is then arc-plasma sprayed onto the base layer. A heat treatment is used to improve the bonding. The base layer serves as an inhibitor to interdiffusion between the protective top layer and the substrate. Otherwise, the protective top layer would rapidly interact detrimentally with the substrate and degrade by spalling of the protective oxides formed on the outer surface at elevated temperatures.

Abstract: A method for providing an electroless plate, particularly a discontinuous plate for uses such as for electrolytic cell cathodes. A nickel substrate is interdiffused with a second metal which, when leached out leaves a hydrogen adsorbing surface upon the substrate. The substrate is then contacted with a dilute, at least 20 ppm, solution of the plating metal, preferably with the plating metal in anionic complex in the solution. Following immersion, the resulting plated substrate is passed through a reducing flame.

Abstract: The decorative objects on which a light-interference surface layer showing an esthetic design is formed is produced by the steps of forming a metal thin film on glazed and baked surface of a base body and treating the base body at high temperature in oxygen atmosphere, and which are highly useful as decorative articles, dinner sets, building materials, and industrial art objects.

Abstract: The novel method comprises (1) producing in one major surface of a metal masking plate an array of substantially-parallel ridges separated by valleys or grooves, (2) removing metal from the other of said major surfaces in generally rectangular-shaped areas opposite the valleys and extending through the plate, (3) covering the tops of the ridges with an electrically-insulating first coating and (4) covering the first coating with an electrically-conducting second coating.

Abstract: A process for the surface treatment of inorganic fibers for reinforcing titanium or nickel, comprising the steps of coating the surface of inorganic fibers with an aqueous or organic solvent solution containing a titanate, borate, tetralkylammonium hydroxide and, if desired, dextrin and then heat treating the coated fibers at a high temperature in an inert or non-oxidizing atmosphere. In one embodiment, the heat treated inorganic fibers is further subjected to ionic or chemical plating with nickel.

Abstract: A method of forming a clinically unbreakable composite structure between a noble based metal and a ceramic comprising depositing a thin layer of a bonding material including finely divided particles of a noble metal halide alone or in combination with particles of a noble metal; sintering the layer at a predetermined temperature between 1775.degree. F. and 1975.degree. F. and firing a ceramic over the sintered coating.

Abstract: Molybdenum thin films deposited by pyrolytic decomposition of Mo(CO).sub.6 attain, after anneal in a reducing atmosphere at temperatures greater than 700.degree. C., infrared reflectance values greater than reflectance of supersmooth bulk molybdenum. Black molybdenum films deposited under oxidizing conditions and annealed, when covered with an anti-reflecting coating, approach the ideal solar collector characteristic of visible light absorber and infrared energy reflector.

Abstract: A tinned conductor is advanced through each of a plurality of successively smaller die openings in a drawing apparatus to reduce the diameter of the tinned conductor after which it is annealed. After the tinned conductor has been annealed, it is moved through the opening of a die which is slightly smaller than the final die opening in the drawing apparatus. This reconfigures any of the tin coating that may have reflowed during annealing and formed protrusions to remove any such protrusions and form an essentially smooth surface. As a result, the adhesion of a subsequently extruded plastic covering to the tinned conductor is controlled to be within a predetermined range and to be substantially uniform along the length of the conductor.

Abstract: Method of manufacturing an article of synthetic resin which has an electroless provided metal layer in which a mixture of monomeric acrylates and an N-substituted pyrrolidon compound is polymerized, the resulting article is treated with an aromic carboxylic acid substituted with one or more hydroxy groups and/or an amino group, or derivatives thereof, and a metal layer is then provided on the thus treated article by electroless deposition.

Abstract: A coated article and method for producing the coated article are described. The article is coated with a system which provides protection against oxidation and corrosion and which significantly reduces the substrate temperature. An MCrAlY layer is applied to the article to be protected and a columnar grain ceramic is applied by vapor deposition to the MCrAlY coated article. An alumina layer which exists between the MCrAlY layer and the columnar ceramic layer provides for the adherence of the columnar layer to the MCrAlY layer. An important feature of the invention is that the interface between the MCrAlY layer and the alumina layer has a low surface roughness and this greatly improves the columnar ceramic layer adherence.