Abstract: Optically transparent diamond-like carbon (DLC) thin films are formed using relatively low-temperature deposition conditions followed by a post-deposition bleaching step. The bleaching can include exposure of an as-deposited thin film to UV laser radiation, which reduces the concentration of defects in the film. The method is compatible with temperature-sensitive substrates, and can be used to form water clear DLC layers on glass substrates, for example, which can be used in display applications.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for forming a double-layer, solid lubricant coating film on an external surface of a skirt portion of a piston in an internal combustion engine. This method includes the steps of (a) applying on the external surface of the skirt portion a solid lubricant composition containing a dark-color component, thereby forming thereon a precursor film; and (b) solidifying the precursor film by an irradiation with a laser beam from a laser oscillator, while moving at least one of the piston and the laser oscillator. It is possible by this method to form the double-layer, solid lubricant coating film with an extremely short period of time.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a substrate with a metal film includes preparing an insulative substrate having the first surface and the second surface on the opposite side of the first surface, forming in the insulative substrate a penetrating hole having the inner wall tapering from the first surface of the insulative substrate toward the second surface, forming a layer of a composition containing a polymerization initiator and a polymerizable compound on the inner wall of the penetrating hole, irradiating the layer of the composition with energy such that a polymer is formed on the inner wall of the penetrating hole, applying a plating catalyst on the polymer, and forming a plated-metal film on the inner wall of the penetrating hole.

Abstract: A process for preparing titanium carbide using a pigment formulation having at least one titanium compound and a carbon compound and/or elemental carbon, the pigment formulation reacting under laser irradiation to form TiC.

Abstract: An aspect of the present embodiment, there is provided a gas supply member includes a body, and a gas supply path penetrating into the body, the gas supply path including a first channel at an inlet side and a second channel connected to the first channel at an outlet side, the first channel having a first diameter and a diameter of the second channel being monotonically increased towards the outlet side from the first diameter to a second diameter, wherein an alumina film is provided on a first sidewall of the first channel, an yttrium-containing film is provided on a second sidewall of the second channel and a surface of the body at the outlet side.

Abstract: A process and apparatus are disclosed for the deposition of a layer of a first material onto a substrate of a second material. Powder particles of the first material are entrained into a carrier gas flow to form a powder beam directed to impinge on the substrate. This defines a powder beam footprint region at the substrate. The powder beam and the substrate are moved relative to each other to move the powder beam footprint relative to the substrate, thereby to deposit the layer of the first material. A laser is operated to cause direct, local heating of at least one of a forward substrate region and a powder beam footprint region. The laser beam direction is defined with reference to a plane coincident with or tangential to a surface of the substrate at the centre of the laser beam footprint in terms of an elevation angle from the plane to the laser beam direction and in terms of an acute azimuthal angle from the movement direction to the laser beam direction.

Abstract: Provided is a bimetallic tube for transport of hydrocarbon feedstocks in refinery process furnaces, and more particularly in furnace radiant coils, including: i) an outer tube layer being formed from carbon steels or low chromium steels comprising less than 15.0 wt. % Cr based on the total weight of the steel; ii) an inner tube layer being formed from an alumina forming bulk alloy including 5.0 to 10.0 wt. % of Al, 20.0 wt. % to 25.0 wt. % Cr, less than 0.4 wt. % Si, and at least 35.0 wt. % Fe with the balance being Ni, wherein the inner tube layer is formed plasma powder welding the alumina forming bulk alloy on the inner surface of the outer tube layer; and iii) an oxide layer formed on the surface of the inner tube layer, wherein the oxide layer is substantially comprised of alumina, chromia, silica, mullite, spinels, or mixtures thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to processes for obtaining metal oxides by irradiation of low energy laser pulses of metal layers, wherein said metals can be formed as simple metals, alloys, or multilayers. The present invention performs the oxidation of a thin metal film deposited on a substrate; e.g., glass (SiO2) or silicon (Si) by a laser-irradiation time of a few nanoseconds to femtoseconds at high repetition rate, time necessary to achieve a stoichiometry and a well-defined microscopic structure. Through the processes of the invention, it is possible to obtain complex structures and metal oxides at room temperature in a very short time and with very low energy consumption.

Abstract: A method of making a Si containing gas distribution member for a semiconductor plasma processing chamber comprises forming a carbon member into an internal cavity structure of the Si containing gas distribution member. The method includes depositing Si containing material on the formed carbon member such that the Si containing material forms a shell around the formed carbon member. The Si containing shell is machined into the structure of the Si containing gas distribution member wherein the machining forms gas inlet and outlet holes exposing a portion of the formed carbon member in an interior region of the Si containing gas distribution member.

Abstract: An apparatus for applying segmented ceramic coatings includes means for supporting and moving one or more substrates; one or more heat sources disposed proximate to one or more substrates, wherein at least one of the heat sources is positioned to apply a heat stream to pre-heat a thermal gradient zone on a surface of a substrate; a material deposition device disposed proximate to one or more heat sources, wherein the material deposition device is positioned to deposit a material on a deposition area located behind the thermal gradient zone on the surface; and means for monitoring a surface temperature of one or more substrates.

Abstract: To form a glass layer with high productivity over a substrate provided with a material whose upper temperature limit is low. A method for forming the glass layer includes a first step of providing a frit paste including a glass frit and a binder over a substrate, and a second step of relatively moving a laser light irradiation portion over the frit paste not to overlap with a laser light irradiation start portion. A track of the laser light irradiation portion in the second step has an intersection in an intersection portion.

Abstract: A method of fabricating graphene using a plurality of light sources is provided. The method includes irradiating a graphite oxide layer on a substrate with light from a first light source, and irradiating the irradiated graphite oxide layer with light from a second light source.

Abstract: A printed wiring board includes an insulating substrate having a penetrating hole formed through the substrate, a first conductive pattern formed on first surface of the substrate, a second conductive pattern formed on second surface of the substrate on the opposite side of the first surface, and a through-hole conductor formed in the penetrating hole in the substrate such that the conductor is connecting the first conductive pattern on the first surface of the substrate and the second conductive pattern on the second surface of the substrate. The penetrating hole has a first opening portion opening on the first surface of the substrate, a second opening portion opening on the second surface of the substrate and a third opening portion connecting the first and second opening portions, and the third opening portion has the maximum diameter which is greater than the minimum diameters of the first and second opening portions.

Abstract: A cutting tool formed by a coating layer on a substrate has cutting edges that feature serrations. The linear dimensions of the serrations may vary from a few nanometers up to 10 microns. The serrations result in a smoother cut edge on the workpiece, particularly when the workpiece is formed of certain materials that are seen as particularly difficult to cut, such as hardened steels.

Abstract: A method of forming graphene comprises supplying energy to at least a portion of an organic material monolayer disposed on a substrate. The energy is sufficient to carbonize the at least a portion of the monolayer exposed thereto to form a layer of graphene on the substrate.

Abstract: Large area graphene can be fabricated by depositing carbon and catalytic metal thin film(s) on a substrate, heating the carbon and the catalytic metal, and forming graphene on the substrate. The catalytic metal is evaporated during the heating process. The catalytic metal can be, for example, nickel, cobalt, or iron.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing carbon nanotubes is provided. First, a substrate having a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface is provided. Second, a catalyst film is formed on the first surface of the substrate, wherein the catalyst film comprises a carbonaceous material. Third, a mixture of a carrier gas and a carbon source gas is flew across the catalyst film. Forth, a focused laser beam is irradiated on the substrate to grow a carbon nanotube array from the substrate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of forming an optical element that includes a mark. The method involves, irradiating at least a portion of a surface of the optical element with laser radiation, thereby forming a plurality of substantially parallel elongated grooves in the portion of the surface, which are each aligned substantially parallel with a common longitudinal direction that extends from a center point of the plurality of elongated grooves. The plurality of elongated grooves together define the mark. A clear film is formed over at least the portion of the surface and the plurality of elongated grooves. Depending on the orientation of a source of electromagnetic radiation as viewed through the optical element relative to the common longitudinal direction of the grooves, the mark is either observable or unobservable. The present invention also relates to an optical element having a mark, as described above.

Abstract: A method for producing a low-emissivity layer system on at least one side of the substrate includes the steps of providing the substrate, forming at least one low-emissivity layer on at least one side of the substrate by a deposition process and briefly tempering at least one deposited layer. The electromagnetic radiation used for briefly tempering a low-emissivity layer is adjusted in such a manner that the tempered layer has layer properties comparable to those of a conventionally heat-treated low-emissivity layer of a safety glass.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for embedding at least one layer of at least one metal trace in a silicone-containing polymer, comprising: a) applying a polymer layer on a substrate; b) thermally treating the polymer; c) irradiating at least one surface area of the polymer with a light beam emitted by an excimer laser; d) immersing the irradiated polymer in at least one autocatalytic bath containing ions of at least one metal, and metallizing the polymer; e) thermally treating the metallized polymer; f) applying a polymer layer covering the thermally treated metallized polymer; and g) thermally treating the metallized covered polymer. The present invention further provides a polymer layer comprising silicone containing oxide particles of SiO2, TiO2, Sb2O3, SnO2, Al2O3, ZnO, Fe2O3, Fe3O4, talc, hydroxyapatite or mixtures thereof and at least one metal trace embedded in said polymer layer.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a touch panel integrated with a cover glass and a manufacturing method thereof. The manufacturing method of a touch panel integrated with a cover glass includes: providing a sheet shaped glass substrate; forming grooves in cut regions of the glass substrate; forming a chemical tempered layer on a surface of the glass substrate and groove portions through chemical tempering; and cutting the glass substrate along the groove.

Abstract: This aims to provide an analyzing tool including a substrate, a first electrode formed on the substrate and having an action pole, a second electrode formed on the substrate and having an opposed pole, and a first regulating element for regulating such a contact area in the action pole as to contact a specimen. The analyzing tool further comprises second regulating elements for regulating the effective area for electron transfers in at least one of the action pole and the opposed pole.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a powder supply nozzle and an overlaying method which make it possible to restrain oxidation of a clad layer part and to produce a clad layer part with high quality. The invention provides a powder supply nozzle including: a laser emission part for irradiating a workpiece with a laser beam; and a powder supply part disposed in the periphery of the laser emission part and adapted to discharge a powder onto a laser-irradiated part, wherein a mechanism for guiding the air surrounding the laser-irradiated part to the exterior of the laser-irradiated part is provided in the periphery of the powder supply part.

Abstract: Methods of reducing tack of edge faces of a roll of an adhesive coated substrate. The method includes reducing tack of the edge faces by subjecting the edge faces to a radiation source with radiant output at a wavelength of less than 200 nanometers.

Abstract: A method of making a cathode for a battery includes the steps of depositing a precursor cathode film having a first crystallinity profile. The precursor cathode film is annealed by irradiating the precursor cathode film with from 1 to 100 photonic pulses having a wavelength of from 200 nm to 1600 nm, a pulse duration of from 0.01 ?s and 5000 ?s and a pulse frequency of from 1 nHz to 100 Hz. The photonic pulses are continued until the precursor cathode film has recrystallized from the first crystallinity profile to a second crystallinity profile.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a coating method and a coating device. The coating method includes: heating a to-be-coated area of a to-be-coated member; and coating the heated to-be-coated area of the to-be-coated member. Therefore, by pre-heating the to-be-coated area of the to-be-coated member, the temperature of the to-be-coated area of the to-be-coated member is increased to reduce the temperature difference between the to-be-coated area of the to-be-coated member and the coating air flow, which prevents the mixture contained in the coating air flow from generating crystalline material on the to-be-coated area of the to-be-coated member. Thus, the coating layer can be stuck to the to-be-coated area directly and tightly without block from the crystalline material located therebetween, and is prevented from falling off easily to improve the success rate and stability of the coating operation.

Abstract: The laser nitriding method of making phosphor bronze with surface-embedded titanium carbide particles involves coating a cleaned phosphor bronze workpiece with a thin film formed of a carbonaceous layer mixed with nanosize particles of titanium carbide. The titanium carbide forms about 5 wt % of the thin film, and the phosphor bronze workpiece is composed of about 6.0 wt % tin, about 0.1 wt % phosphorous, and about 93.9 wt % copper. A laser beam is then scanned over the thin film formed on the phosphor bronze workpiece. Coaxially and simultaneously with the laser beam, a stream of nitrogen gas is sprayed on the thin film formed on the phosphor bronze workpiece in order to provide the workpiece with a nitride coating having nanoparticles of titanium carbide embedded therein.

Abstract: An electronic component comprising a substrate extending in a plane, having electrical connections to connect the component to a circuit, and having an upper face; an electronic chip arranged on the upper face or inside the substrate and connected to the connections via the substrate, a thick insulating layer forming a package and covering the upper face or at least part of the chip, and having an outer face parallel to the plane; a cavity inside the thick layer, the cavity having a bottom parallel to the plane and a side extending from the bottom to the outer face, the cavity having heat-absorbing material inside that is different from the material forming the thick layer. The heat-absorbing material has a specific heat capacity greater than 1 kJKg?1K?1 at a 25° C. and at 100 kPa. Either a bottom or side of the cavity is covered with a interface layer.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for providing conformal shielding are disclosed to provide electromagnetic interference shielding of circuit components mounted on a circuit board. A print mold stencil is provided with one or more conductive shielding walls disposed within the stencil before its application to the circuit board and detachable therefrom, and also configured to encompass the circuit components. In this manner a shielded compartment volume is defined by walls of the print mold stencil and one or more of the conductive shielding walls, and may be easily and quickly applied to the circuit board to encompass the components for shielding. A conformal shielding layer is then formed from a molding material disposed in the shielded compartment volume that encompasses the components, as well as a conductive layer disposed on the outer surface of the material, and coupling of the shielding walls with a ground plane in the circuit board.

Abstract: Certain examples relate to improved methods for making patterned substantially transparent contact films, and contact films made by such methods. In certain cases, the contact films may be patterned and substantially planar. Thus, the contact films may be patterned without intentionally removing any material from the layers and/or film, such as may be required by photolithography. In certain example embodiments, an oxygen exchanging system comprising at least two layers may be deposited on a substrate, and the layers may be selectively exposed to heat and/or energy to facilitate the transfer of oxygen ions or atoms from the layer with a higher enthalpy of formation to a layer with a lower enthalpy of formation. In certain cases, the oxygen transfer may permit the conductivity of selective portions of the film to be changed. This advantageously may result in a planar contact film that is patterned with respect to conductivity and/or resistivity.

Abstract: A method for forming a carbon-metal composite material for a heat sink, comprising the following steps: applying at least one layer comprising carbon particles and at least one layer comprising metal particles on top of one another; and fusing of the layers by irradiating the layers with laser radiation to form the carbon-metal composite material. The invention also relates to a heat sink having a shaped body that comprises a plurality of layers, each layer containing carbon particles in a metal matrix.

Abstract: A method of constructing a thermistor includes forming a semiconductor ceramic substrate. The method also includes coating a surface of the substrate with contact material and applying a solder mask on the contact material. The applying includes applying the solder mask to one or more portions of the contact material to leave an exposed area without the solder mask and a masked area with the solder mask. The method includes trimming the contact material at the masked area to adjust a resistance of the thermistor.

Abstract: Various methods are disclosed for coating or treating a substrate to enhance resistance of the substrate to at least one of cavitation and liquid impingement. One specific method may involve providing an amorphous metal composition which is able to be atomized. The amorphous metal composition may be applied as an atomized spray to a surface of the substrate via a high velocity spray operation to coat the surface. The coated surface may have at least one of a Vickers hardness number of at least about 1100 HVN, or a yield strength of at least about 700 MPa, or a thermal stability between about 600° C. and about 700° C., and is highly resistant to the effects of cavitation and/or liquid impingement.

Abstract: Provided is a thermoplastic resin composition which is excellent in platability (appearance of plating), and keeps high reflectance even after thermal aging. A thermoplastic resin composition comprising: per (A) 100 parts by weight of a crystalline thermoplastic resin having a melting point, measured by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) at a heating rate of 10° C./min, of 250° C. or above; (B) 10 to 80 parts by weight of a glass filler; (C) 1 to 30 parts by weight of a laser direct structuring additive having a reflectance at 450 nm of 25% or above; and (D) 20 to 150 parts by weight of titanium oxide.

Abstract: A method for patterning a substrate is presented, which includes the following steps. A conductive material is jet-printed onto a part of at least one side of the substrate. A surface of the at least one side of the substrate is imprinted with a laser to pattern a first conductive pattern. By using the method, the process can be simplified and substrates of a touch panel can be integrated, so as to achieve an objective of decreasing the overall thickness of an electronic device.

Abstract: To provide a method for enhancing adhesion of a thin film, and a method for enhancing adhesion of a thin film provided with a surface function caused by the shape. Adhesion of a thin film can be enhanced by irradiating the surface of a parent material with a laser beam at a fluence in the vicinity of the machining threshold, scanning the irradiated part while overlapping to form a grating structure, and then forming a solid thin film in the grating structure. When the grating structure formed on the parent material is left on the solid thin film, adhesion of the thin film is enhanced and surface functions, e.g. reduction of friction and wear caused by the shape, suppression of adhesion of fine particles, and cell sensibility, can be exhibited in conjunction with the function of the solid thin film.

Abstract: Embodiments of golf club heads and methods to manufacture such a golf club heads are generally described herein. In some embodiments, the golf club head may include a ball-striking face and a protective aluminum oxide layer coupled to the ball-striking face of the golf club head. The protective aluminum oxide layer is associated with a hardness that is greater than that of the ball-striking face. In further embodiments, golf club heads may include a top portion and at least one of a plurality of interchangeable alignment indicia coupled thereto, which are configured to guide the golf club head relative to a golf ball.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel composite for preventing ice adhesion. A superhydrophobic or superhydrophilic surface with a hydrophobic, low freezing point liquid adsorbed onto surface asperities results in a durable, renewable anti-icing surface. The preparation method for novel icing and rain protecting surface is disclosed.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described in which composite solids such as dyed fibers or fabrics are produced by reversibly generating permeable regions within a heterogeneous solid. Permeating substances are trapped within the heterogeneous solid on reversal of the permeability to form a composite solid, within which the permeating substances are protected from environmental factors.

Abstract: A method is described for manufacturing an encoder element having a base body and a magnetic layer situated on the outer circumference of the base body, including the following steps: providing the base body; providing a magnetic or magnetizable powdery material; directly applying the powdery material to the outer circumference or to an end face of the base body to generate the magnetic layer in such a way that an integral, direct joint is created between the base body and the magnetic layer; and magnetizing the applied magnetic layer.

Abstract: A manufacturing method includes providing a substrate with an outer surface and at least one interior space, applying a coating on a portion of the substrate and forming one or more grooves in the coating, wherein each groove extends at least partially along the coating. The method further includes processing at least a portion of the surface of the coating to plastically deform the coating in the vicinity of the top of a respective groove. An additional coating is applied over at least a portion of the surface of the coating. A component is disclosed and includes a substrate, a coating disposed on at least a portion of the substrate, and defining one or more grooves therein, and an additional coating disposed over at least a portion of the coating. The substrate, the coating and the additional coating together define one or more channels for cooling the component.

Abstract: To provide a grain oriented electrical steel sheet that can securely suppress propagation of lateral strain, and can make a product even from a portion where the lateral strain occurs. A grain oriented electrical steel sheet of the present invention has a linearly altered portion 14 generated in a glass coating film 12 at one of side edges of a steel sheet 11, in a continuous line or in a discontinuous broken line in a direction parallel with a rolling direction of the steel sheet, and having a composition different from a composition in other portions of the glass coating film. An average value of a deviation angle of a direction of an axis of easy magnetization of crystal grains relative to the rolling direction is 0° or more and 20° or less in a base metal iron portion of the steel sheet 11 at a position along a width direction of the steel sheet, the position corresponding to the linearly altered portion 14.

Abstract: The invention provides a glass member provided with a sealing material layer, which suppresses generation of failures such as cracks or breakage of glass substrates or a sealing layer even when the distance between two glass substrates is narrowed, and thereby makes it possible to improve the sealing property between the glass substrates and its reliability. A glass substrate has a surface provided with a sealing region, on which a sealing material layer having a thickness of at most 15 ?m is formed. The sealing material layer includes a fired material of a glass material for sealing containing a sealing glass, a laser absorbent and optionally a low-expansion filler, wherein the total content of the laser absorbent and the low-expansion filler being the optional component in the glass material for sealing is within the range of from 2 to 44 vol %.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for laser cladding a substrate, comprising providing the substrate; depositing a first determined variable bead width of a material along a toolpath upon the substrate; depositing a second adjacent determined variable bead width of a material along the toolpath which overlaps the first determined variable bead width of deposited material; continuing to deposit a plurality of overlapping predetermined adjacent variable bead widths of a material until a first material layer is complete; forming a second material layer by depositing a plurality of overlapping predetermined variable bead widths of a material on top of the first material layer; and continuing to deposit material layers on top of deposited material layers until the cladding is complete; wherein the variable bead width of the deposited material is controlled by a computer having a plurality of input parameters to maintain an approximately constant percent of bead width overlap.

Abstract: A method of fabricating quantum confinements is provided. The method includes depositing, using a deposition apparatus, a material layer on a substrate, where the depositing includes irradiating the layer, before a cycle, during a cycle, and/or after a cycle of the deposition to alter nucleation of quantum confinements in the material layer to control a size and/or a shape of the quantum confinements. The quantum confinements can include quantum wells, nanowires, or quantum dots. The irradiation can be in-situ or ex-situ with respect to the deposition apparatus. The irradiation can include irradiation by photons, electrons, or ions. The deposition is can include atomic layer deposition, chemical vapor deposition, MOCVD, molecular beam epitaxy, evaporation, sputtering, or pulsed-laser deposition.

Abstract: A method for treating a Cu thin sheet is provided. The method comprises the steps of: supplying a slurry in which a diffusion bonding aid (DBA), such as Ni powder, and a reinforcing material (RM), such as a carbide base metal compound, are dispersed in a solvent to a predetermined portion on a Cu or Cu base alloy thin sheet, drying the supplied slurry, and applying a laser to induce melting, solidification, and fixation, so as to form a buildup layer. In the method, the weight ratio of DBA to RM is specified to be 80:20 to 50:50, and the median diameters D50 of both DBA and RM employed fall within 0.1 to 100 ?m, the median diameter D50 of DBA is larger than the median diameter D50 of RM, and both the distribution ratio D90/D10 of DBA and the distribution ratio D90/D10 of RM are 4.0 or less.

Abstract: A superalloy substrate, such as a turbine blade or vane, is fabricated or repaired by laser beam welding to clad one or more layers on the substrate. Laser optical energy is transferred to the welding filler material and underlying substrate to assure filler melting and adequate substrate surface wetting for good fusion. Energy transfer is maintained below a level that jeopardizes substrate thermal degradation. Optical energy transfer to the filler and substrate is maintained uniformly as the laser beam and substrate are moved relative to each other along a translation path by varying the energy transfer rate to compensate for localized substrate topology variations.

Abstract: Hybrid coating systems include an electrospark deposition device having an electrode that deposits a coating on a substrate and a laser that produces a laser beam directed towards at least a portion of the coating as the coating is deposited on the substrate.

Abstract: A method of creating a layer of a target deposit-material, in a first target pattern, on a substrate surface. The substrate surface is placed in a vacuum and exposed to a first chemical vapor, having precursor molecules for a seed deposit-material, thereby forming a first substrate surface area that has adsorbed the precursor molecules. Then, a charged particle beam is applied to the first substrate surface area in a second target pattern, largely identical to the first target pattern thereby forming a seed layer in a third target pattern. The seed layer is exposed to a second chemical vapor, having target deposit-material precursor molecules, which are adsorbed onto the seed layer. Finally, a laser beam is applied to the seed layer and neighboring area, thereby forming a target deposit-material layer over and about the seed layer, where exposed to the laser beam.

Abstract: A coating material containing metal oxide is applied to one side of a substrate, both coating and substrate being transparent to visible light. An absorber material is placed in heat transfer proximity to the coating and a laser beam is transmitted through the substrate and through the coating to strike the absorber material at the interface between coating and absorber. The absorber material absorbs optical energy from the laser beam causing the material to heat. Heat from the absorber propagates to the coating to heat a localized region, causing the coating material to anneal. If desired, the coating material can include a doping material that fuses into the coating during annealing.