Abstract: A layer capacitor is disclosed having at least two oppositely polarized metallizations and an intervening dielectric layer consisting of a glow polymerization arranged on a substrate. During production these layers are laterally defined by only one diaphragm. In order to make as great a use of the substrate surface and a rectangular shape of the component as possible, neighboring layers are designed of equal area and are applied in parallel diagonally offset to the edges of the diaphragm aperture.

Abstract: A layer capacitance is disclosed having small dimensions and a high capacitance per volume. A carrier is coated on two frontal sides with metal contact layers. Metal layers and gas discharge polymerization layers are arranged one over the other in alternating fashion upon the carrier. On each of the two surfaces of the carrier, the metal layers extend to the contact layers where they are electrically connected.

Abstract: A method of fabricating film circuits whereby thick film crossunders may be included with thin film capacitors (22) on a single substrate (10). At least one dielectric layer (12) is formed on the crossunder electrode (11) and a layer capable of smoothing irregularities (13) is also formed in the area of capacitor formation. Firing of the capacitor underlayer is compatible with the dielectric layer. A layer such as beta tantalum (14) is formed over essentially the entire circuit and etched from the contact areas (21) of the crossunder electrode. The layer is oxidized to form a protective layer (15) for the previously deposited layers as well as an underlay for subsequently formed thin film components.

Abstract: Disclosed is a film for use in the field of electrical insulation comprising a biaxially stretched rough polypropylene film comprising a plurality of first zones of high roughness, the first zones having a relatively high number of .alpha.-crystallites; and a plurality of second zones of substantially lesser roughness, the second zones having a substantially lesser number of .alpha.-crystallites than the first zones, the first zones being adjacent to the second zones and the adjacent first and second zones forming fine channels between each other. Also disclosed is a method for producing this film.

Abstract: A composition for preventing the adhesion of an epoxy resin which comprises a polymer of (A) at least one C.sub.4 to C.sub.21 perfluoroalkyl group-containing polymerizable compound with or without at least one compound copolymerizable therewith, the content of the component (A) being not less than 40% by weight on the weight of the polymer.

Abstract: Integrated structures of various combinations of inductors, capacitors and resistors are formed by bonded laminations of films of electrical conductors of desired configurations and electrical properties separated by films of dielectric material. Electrical terminals extending from appropriate ones of the conductors may be interconnected selectively to provide various single, series and parallel circuit component arrangements.

Abstract: A process for coating a particulate insulating material, e.g. alumina, with a uniform layer of a valve metal. The particles are exposed to a gaseous nitrogen compound, or to nitrogen gas together with hydrogen and a volatile halide of the valve metal. It is thought that nitrogen provides nucleation of the surface for subsequent metal deposition. The coated powder may be used in the fabrication of electrolytic capacitor anodes.

Abstract: A suitable substrate is provided to which is applied a metal electrically conductive film electrode. The substrate and electrically conductive electrode film are then exposed to ion beam implantation of O+ or N+ ions to impregnate the surface of the metal electrode with O+ or N+ ions. Thereafter, the substrate and electrically conductive film having implanted O+ or N+ ions is annealed so as to stabilize the oxide structure which has been implanted into the surface of the electrically conductive film to provide an ultra-thin dielectric film.

Abstract: A structure of a copper conductor is obtained by oxidizing copper film formed on the surface of a substrate, and by heat treating the same in a reducing atmosphere, whereby only the surface layer portion of the oxidized copper film is reduced to become copper. The copper film of a conductor is formed on the surface of the substrate with the oxidized copper film interposed therebetween. As a result, an adhesion of the copper film to the surface of the substrate is enhanced.

Abstract: To reduce the proportion of rejects resulting by reasons of short circuits in the manufacture and use of miniaturized multilayer circuits and to improve the electric efficiency, there is inserted between each conductive layer of low resistance and each insulating layer of high thermal stability, a very thin layer of a conductive material, preferably non-magnetic, of high resistivity and of crystallographic reference at least compatible with respect to the first conducting material and of low or negligible thermal expansion in the range of temperatures to which the circuits are submitted both during manufacture and use.

Abstract: A method for encasing an electric component of a type comprising a body and at least one pair of lead wires extending outwardly therefrom in the same direction. An outer protective coating or casing enclosing the body therein is formed by dipping the electric component into a solution of chlorinated hydrocarbon containing either a chained aliphatic hydrocarbon or a higher fatty acid to form a film covering the entire surface of the body and the surfaces of portions of the lead wires adjacent the body, then dipping the electric component into a solvent to remove the film except for that covering the surface of a portion of the body adjacent the lead wires and also that covering the surfaces of that portions of the lead wires, and finally dipping the electric component into a coating solution.

Abstract: The disclosure concerns a process for covering or coating an electric component with an insulating coating. The electric component has electric leads extending away therefrom beyond an edge thereof. The electric component is first wetted with a solvent. Thereafter a jet of a liquid covering or coating material is directed against at least one surface of the electric component and it migrates over the edge of the component also to the opposite surface of the electric component. The orientation of the electric component with respect to the jet flow and the placement of the jet flow with respect to the electric component is described.

Abstract: High-cadmium silicates, namely 2CdO.SiO.sub.2, 5CdO.2SiO.sub.2 and 3CdO.SiO.sub.2, are employed as the flux in a dielectric ceramic precursor mixture. The characteristic melting temperature of these fluxes is greater than the maximum ceramic firing temperature employed in the present method. Nevertheless, liquid phase sintering is achieved when such cations as the alkaline earth metals or lead from the high firing ceramic precursors diffuses into the flux, displacing some of the cadmium and reducing the melting temperature of the flux below that of the firing temperature. Some of the cadmium from the flux is drawn into the grains to replace the lost barium and lead. Escape of cadmium into the atmosphere is thereby substantially prevented. This method is particularly effective when the dielectric ceramic is a barium lead titanate zirconate and when the amount of the flux is kept very small.

Abstract: An impregnated electric wound capacitor has a dielectric consisting of synthetic foils which are wound with paper tapes. The synthetic foils are impregnated with mineral oil and swell such that a residual impregnation gap remains between dielectric and the paper tapes. The existance of such a residual impregnation gap assures that re-impregnation will occur after the capacitor is subjected to temperature changes during operation or after a gas pocket develops due to a partial blow-out.

Abstract: A monolithic ceramic capacitor with base metal electrodes fired in an atmosphere of oxygen at low partial pressure in which the reaction between the electrodes and the ceramic prevents conversion of the ceramic into the semiconductive state. The base metal is a transition metal or a transition metal alloy, preferably nickel. The method is usable with any green ceramic without changing the firing temperature. The only change required is from the normal oxygen partial pressure in the kiln open to the atmosphere to an atmosphere of much lower oxygen partial pressure.

Abstract: An apparatus for processing an electrical apparatus, such as a capacitor, containing a polymeric dielectric material. The interior of the capacitor casing, which is at room temperature, is initially connected to a vacuum source to evacuate the interior of the casing and when a vacuum sensing unit indicates that the required vacuum has been obtained, a degassed dielectric liquid is supplied to the interior of the casing. A positive pressure is applied to the liquid in the casing to fully impregnate the polymeric layer. When the desired capacitance is obtained, the impregnation is complete and the unit is sealed.

Abstract: A means and method are provided for applying material to a substrate. In the means and the method, material is dispensed onto belt means and the belt means brought in contact with the substrate so as to transfer at least some of the material onto the substrate. The invention is particularly adaptable to the application of a band of silicone type material to a riser of an anode to be used in an electrolytic film-forming metal capacitor, the band of silicone type material helping to protect the anode riser during capacitor manufacture.

Abstract: An improved method for the attachment of lead electrodes to metallized film capacitors is disclosed herein. Capacitors of this type are formed by winding thermoplastic dielectric films, each having a conductive coating, into a coil and applying conductive electrodes to the opposite axial ends of the coil, forming an electrical bond with the metallized surfaces of the dielectric windings. The invented method provides for a two part heat curing of the capacitor. After the capacitor is wound into a coil, it is clamped and then heated at a moderate temperature below its rated operating temperature for a sufficient period of time so as to impart mechanical stability to the device. A "schooping" material is then sprayed on the axial ends of the capacitor, allowing for the deep penetration of the material between offset layers of the capacitor.

Abstract: A method for constructing a capacitive transducer by depositing a uniform glass insulating ring. The capacitive transducer consists of a circular base substrate and a circular diaphragm, each supporting one of two capacitor electrode and separated by a uniform glass insulating ring which determines a uniform air gap between the capacitor electrodes. Pressure changes cause the diaphragm to flex and thereby produce capacitance changes in relation to the pressure being sensed. The thickness of the glass insulating ring is critical to the production of an accurate pressure transducer and is produced in the following manner. A first glass insulating ring layer is screen printed onto a substrate through a mask having a pattern therein. Subsequently, the relative rotational orientation between the mask pattern and the first screened layer is altered by a predetermined number of degrees and a second screened layer is deposited on top of the first layer.

Abstract: The invention is embodied in a novel method of forming titanium dioxide layers for metal-insulator-semiconductor device dielectrics. The titanium dioxide of a type known as rutile is formed by the deposition of titanium metal upon a layer of silicon dioxide and oxidation of titanium in an oxygen ambient at high temperatures.

Abstract: A process for impregnating capacitors with a gas absorbing impregnant is disclosed including the steps of purefying a phthalate ester by adsorptive filtration and adding 5 to 30% by volume of an alkene having from 10 to less than 20 carbon atoms and 0.1 to 10% by volume of an epoxy stabilizer to the phthalate ester prior to impregnating the capacitor.

Abstract: A method of processing an electrical apparatus, such as a capacitor, containing a polymeric dielectric material. The interior of the capacitor casing, which is at room temperature, is initially connected to a vacuum source to evacuate the interior of the casing and when a vacuum sensing unit indicates that the required vacuum has been obtained, a degassed dielectric liquid is supplied to the interior of the casing. A positive pressure is applied to the liquid in the casing to fully impregnate the polymeric layer. When the desired capacitance is obtained, the impregnation is complete and the unit is sealed.

Abstract: An impregnated electrical capacitor employing a dielectric which at least in part comprises plastic foils, in which the dielectric is expanded by an impregnating agent to substantially eliminate objectionable gaps filled with air or impregnating material whereby the breakdown strength provided by the dielectric foils is not impaired. In producing such capacitor, the temperature during and after impregnation and the degree of winding compression or tightness may be varied to provide desired control of the expansion and insure complete impregnation and control of the final volume, as compared with the original, of the capacitor structure.

Abstract: A capacitor having electrodes consisting essentially of 65-95 parts tin and 35-5 parts zinc.

Abstract: A monolithic ceramic capacitor has two lead wires each of which is doubly up-set to form two closely adjacent enlarged portions near one end thereof. The end-most enlarged portion of each wire is butt attached by solder to one of the two metallized terminations on the ceramic body. A conformal free-flowed protective resin coating covers the body and just a portion of the adjacent enlarged portion of each lead wire. The adjacent enlarged portion of each lead wire is spaced from 3/4 to 3 times the lead wire diameter from the end-most enlarged portion. This adjacent portion serves to stop wicking of the resin outwardly on the lead wire during its application in liquid form and serves as a mounting stand-off in radially leaded capacitor structures.

Abstract: A method of forming capacitor anodes is described wherein leads of film forming metal, preferably headed are subjected to plasma spray deposition of film forming metal, preferably at a flame temperature of about 10,000.degree. to 20,000.degree. C. to form capacitor anodes.

Abstract: Disclosed are humidity sensor structures, and fabrication techniques, which result in uniform and reliable humidity sensing, reliable electrical connections in small sensors, and simplified and inexpensive manufacture.

Abstract: A pigment for metallizing ceramics comprising borate treated nickel with or without additions of tin, zinc, or mixtures of tin and zinc.

Abstract: Formed porous tantalum pellets each having an extending anode wire are lowered part way into a molten compound such as napthalene. The napthalene wicks its way into substantially all of the pellet pores. Upon removal from the bath the napthalene freezes within each pellet. A liquid insulating material is applied to the anode wire while being masked from entering the porous pellet by the napthalene. The napthalene is subsequently vaporized from the pores and thereafter manganous nitrate is introduced into the pellet and is pyrolyzed to form MnO.sub.2.

Abstract: A self-healing electrical coil capacitor, in particular for AC applications, comprising dielectric films of polypropylene. Metal coatings are provided on the films and exposed margins are left at the longitudinal sides of the films. The films are swelled in the region of the exposed margins. As a result, the previously observed decrease in capacity which occurred during the operation of such AC capacitors can be eliminated to a large extent.

Abstract: A metal termination is formed at the end of a wound capacitor section by rotating the section while spraying a molten metal. A shield plate is placed between the spray nozzle and a portion of the section end so that each incremental surface region of the section end being sprayed is shielded from the molten metal spray during part of each period of rotation. This causes a periodic cooling of each surface region of the section end during spraying so that any desired thickness of termination may be quickly deposited without risk of damaging the section end which may contain plastic or paper dielectric sheet materials that are easily deformed or dissintegrated by conventional molten metal spraying methods.

Abstract: An alkyl compound of zinc is reacted with alkyl compounds or alkoxyl compounds of boron and silicon in the presence of oxygen, thereby to deposit on a substrate zinc borosilicate glass film through a chemical vapor deposition process. The outlet nozzle of a raw material supply conduit for introducing the raw material compounds into a reaction zone is opened in the direction substantially in parallel with a surface of the substrate on which the glass film is to be deposited so that raw materials may be well mixed at the reaction zone. The glass film thus produced has a uniform thickness and a homogeneous composition of the constituents over an area at least of 40 mm extending from the nozzle and is suited for use as protection films for semiconductor devices and dielectric layer for a thin film capacitor on an industrial base.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a film capacitor and a method for making the same. A capacitor element formed by rolling or laminating metalized films less than 3.5 microns in thickness has ends coated with ion plating to form block terminals so that the strong bonds between the ends of the capacitor element and the terminals may be obtained with the resultant decrease in contact resistance therebetween. In order to increase the mechanical strength of the terminals a conducting layer may be formed on the terminals by metal spraying, and in order to increase the bond the ends of the capacitor element may be subjected to etching prior to ion plating so that the roughed end faces offer teeth to which the metal terminals cling. Thus the present invention provides a film capacitor which is considerably compact in size, light in weight yet highly reliable and dependable in operation and inexpensive to manufacture.

Abstract: A monolithic ceramic capacitor with base metal electrodes fired in an atmosphere of oxygen at low partial pressure in which the reaction between the electrodes and the ceramic prevents conversion of the ceramic into the semiconductive state. The base metal is a transition metal or a transition metal alloy, preferably nickel. The method is usable with any green ceramic without changing the firing temperature. The only change required is from the normal oxygen partial pressure in the kiln open to the atmosphere to an atmosphere of much lower oxygen partial pressure.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing variable capacitors having dielectric-coated sheets. The dielectric is permanently connected to the sheets and is provided by vapor deposition before assembly of the capacitors. The dielectric is preferably a polyparaxylylene material.Electrical contact between the rotor sheets is obtained by arranging the sheets on the rotor shaft with a slight press fit, with or without insertion of spacing rings.Electrical contact between the stator sheets may be obtained by a scratching or grinding operation on the side of the stator stack, or by a layer of solder.

Abstract: The method of producing a multi-layer capacitor which has a body of alternate layers of a dielectric and a conductor with each conductor layer being sandwiched between a pair of dielectric layers and with alternate ones of the conductor layers extending to opposite ends of the body. A nickel termination film is provided on each end of the body and contacts the conductor layers which extend to the respective end of the body and a solder film is coated on each termination layer. The capacitor bodies are terminated by mounting a plurality of the bodies on a support sheet and encapsulating the support sheet and capacitor bodies in a plastic block with the ends of the capacitor bodies being exposed at opposed surfaces of the block. The exposed ends of the capacitor bodies are simultaneously coated with the termination film and then the solder film, and the terminated capacitor bodies are removed from the block.

Abstract: A paint curtain machine for coating a substrate with paint has a fix mounted guide plate at either edge of the curtain for guiding and determining the edges of the falling paint curtain that otherwise tends to draw together and pour or at least to wrinkle and produce uneven paint coatings. The inner edges of the guide plates to which the paint curtain edges cling by capillarity are sloped inwardly toward the bottom of the curtain. Excess paint falling outside the left and right edges of the paint curtain fall about straight down the faces of the guide plates leaving a region of those faces dry adjacent the paint curtain. A highly uniform thickness of the paint curtain is realized permitting the attainment of thinner paint curtains having a high resistance to tearing. This system and method are especially advantageous in making thin ceramic dielectric layers in the production of monolithic ceramic capacitors.

Abstract: A method of producing thin film tantalum capacitors having a tantalum thin film electrode mounted on a nonconducting support member is described. The tantalum electrode is doped with nitrogen to produce a nitrogen content in a range from the nitrogen content of .beta. tantalum to that for tantalum nitride. A tantalum pentoxide film with dielectric properties is grown on the tantlum electrode by oxidation. At least, the tantalum electrode and the dielectric are subjected to tempering. The dielectric is then covered with another electrode.

Abstract: Before impregnation with fluid a capacitor roll, or a transformer core and coil, is filled with a monomeric gas that is thereafter polymerized, in situ, in a plasma discharge. Formation of solid polymer occurs at the regions of most intense electric field, thereby raising both corona-start and operating voltage for these devices.

Abstract: In the production of electric stack or layer capacitors, which capacitors are produced, in part, by sawing through a mother capacitor, a polyolefin layer is placed on the mother capacitor prior to cutting in order to provide lubrication during cutting and in order to improve the insulation at the cutting edges. The invention is advantageously employed in the production of layer capacitors having polyethylene terephthalate layers as the dielectric.

Abstract: A method of making a zinc sulphide ceramic body having a low electrical resistance characterized by sulphurizing a starting oxide material consisting essentially of zinc oxide and from 0.01 atomic % to 6.0 atomic % of at least one oxide of a metal selected from the group consisting of aluminum, magnesium, nickel, cobalt, cadmium, lead, indium, bismuth, antimony, titanium, zirconium, silicon, tin, niobium, tantalum, tungsten, and the rare earth element metals in a carbon disulphide atmosphere at a temperature in the range of 700.degree. C to 1000.degree. C. This zinc sulphide ceramic body can be formed into non-linear elements such as phosphors, photoconductors, luminescent elements, varistors, piezoelectric transducers, capacitors and combinations thereof. Particularly, by using this zinc sulphide body in light emitting elements, the luminous efficiency as well as the working voltage can be improved.

Abstract: A flexible belt carrier is provided for use in an apparatus for spray soldering the ends of roll capacitor blanks. The belt may be constructed of silicon rubber and has apertures extending transversely through the belt which are positioned very near to one of its surfaces. A slit or opening is made at each aperture through the web separating the aperture from the nearest surface of the belt. The belt moves in a sinuous path such that when flexed around a pulley in one direction the edges of the slit spread and gap, allowing ready insertion of a blank. When the belt passes over another pulley, the belt flexes in the opposite direction so as to foreshorten the slit surface. The slits are made at an angle acute to the surface of the belt. Therefore, as their surface foreshortens, the walls of the web formed at the slit cam against one another and overlap, thereby fully and tightly encircling the capacitor blank, exposing only the ends thereof.

Abstract: A thin film circuit consisting of a planar substrate of insulating material and a thin metal film formed from an alloy of aluminum with between 2 to 20 atom percent tantalum from which resistors and capacitors are developed. The metal film has an equivalent composition to a film which is formed by means of reactive cathode sputtering. In particular, the film is equivalent to a film formed using a cathode of aluminum and tantalum which is reactively sputtered in a sputtering atmosphere containing oxygten with a low partial pressure.In such an arrangement, the temperature coefficient of resistance and the capacity temperature coefficient compensate one another. The alloy films have a high oxidation stability and the resistors and capacitors therefrom have a high resistance to aging.

Abstract: In a process of producing capacitors, synthetic dielectric layers carrying metal layers thereon are wound, in a stretched condition, about a drum to form a mother capacitor. Individual capacitors are then formed from the mother capacitor by sawing, with a rotating saw blade, through the mother capacitor. Due to the heat which is developed during sawing, the stretched layers contract in the region of sawing causing a break up of the metal layers which then oxidize to form insulating islands. This process is improved by applying an insulating lubricant to the saw blade to increase the dielectric strength of the capacitors at the saw cuts.

Abstract: To improve the adherence of an olefin-SO.sub.2 copolymer film employed as an electron beam resist to a metallic substrate, a thin film of gold is first applied to the substrate. The resulting bond is strong enough to withstand exposure to electron beams, development of the resist film and electroplating of the film witout undercutting, lifting or distortion of the film.

Abstract: A method for making precision thick film capacitors is described. A conduve pattern is printed on both sides of a substrate such that the two patterns at least partially overlap. A capacitor of predetermined value is obtained by calculating and providing the area of overlap necessary for such value of capacitance.

Abstract: A low temperature fired glass-ceramic system encompassing a series of temperature compensating bodies having temperature coefficients that cover a wide range and possessing dielectric constants of from 30 to 125. This system consists of a mixture of a prefired blend of baria, titania and rare earth oxides, and a low firing glass formulation wherein the mixture is fired within the temperature range of 1,800.degree. F to 2,100.degree. F. A slip suspension of this mixture can be used to manufacture monolithic capacitors that utilize a relatively inexpensive palladium-silver electrode.

Abstract: A protective layer containing polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is provided over the riser of an anode having a porous film-forming metal anode body to render the riser non-wetting to a solution of manganese nitrate and thereby help prevent the formation of MnO.sub.2 on the riser during the subsequent pyrolysis step in the process of making a capacitor. The protective layer also helps to prevent mechanical damage to the anode during assembly of the capacitor. The protective layer over the anode riser may be applied by means such as dipping a wetted anode in a suspension containing particulate PTFE or by masking the anode body with a liquid and then spraying the riser with binderless material containing PTFE. The preferred embodiment employs high pressure spraying of the material containing PTFE over the anode riser.

Abstract: Insulator material for microcircuit construction comprising a glaze composition intermixed with a proportion of refractory oxide particles sufficient to make the fluidity of the material considerably less than the fluidity of the glaze composition by itself, at temperatures just sufficient to fuse the glaze. The particles are preferably of an oxide which will gradually diffuse, but not melt, into the glaze, and will tend to raise the glaze fusion temperature during heat treatments in which the glaze is fused. Alumina, beryllia, titania, zirconia, calcium oxide or magnesium oxide may be used, preferably in proportions from 10 to 40 per cent by weight, and with particle sizes in the range from 2 to 30 microns. The material may be sprayed or screen-printed in a suitable medium. Successive layers may be applied and heat-treated at temperatures sufficient to fuse the glaze of the top layer without distorting underlayers previously fused at the same temperature.

Abstract: A miniature variable capacitor comprises a stator plate group having a plurality of stator plates stationarily held in mutually spaced-apart state with specific spacing therebetween by spacers interposed between mutually adjacent plates, a rotor plate group having a plurality of rotor plates held integrally and rotatably in mutually spaced-apart state with specific spacing therebetween by spacers interposed between mutually adjacent rotor plates, and a thin film of a dielectric material is formed simultaneously and integrally on the entire exposed surface of all plates and spacers of at least one of the stator plate group and the rotor plate group. Furthermore, one or more elastic spacers are provided at plate supporting parts of at least one of the stator and rotor plate groups, and fine powder is distributed over the surfaces of all plates. At the time of production of the variable capacitor the dielectric material is formed in a thin film state on the entire plate group.