Abstract: A ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic material having a high exchange coupling and a high thermal stability, and a magnetic storage system using this material which has excellent reliability and recording density, and a magnetoresistive storage/read separation head having a high sensitivity and a low noise property. The magnetic storage/read system of the invention mounts a magnetoresistive head using a chromium-manganese antiferromagnetic layer/a cobalt alloy layer as a pinning layer or the longitudinal bias layer of the spin-valve type magnetoresistive layered film.

Abstract: A thermal barrier coating for a superalloy part used, in particular, in turbomachines comprises a ceramic coating and a sub-layer interposed between the superalloy substrate and the ceramic coating, the sub-layer being composed of a nickel and/or cobalt aluminide containing at least one platinum-like metal and at least one metal for promoting the formation of a layer of oxide constituted by the alpha-allotropic variety of alumina.

Abstract: A ceramic coated heat-resistant element comprises a heat resisting alloy base mainly composed of Ni and/or Co and a heat-resistant coating layer provided on the surface of the base and is characterized in that said heat-resistant coating layer comprises a metal layer of an alloy superior to the base in high-temperature corrosion and oxidation resistance and provided on the base, an Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 ceramic thin film layer provided on the metal layer, a ZrO.sub.2 ceramic coating layer having dense texture provided on the Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 ceramic thin film layer and a ZrO.sub.2 ceramic coating layer having columnar texture provided on the ZrO.sub.2 ceramic coating layer having dense texture cracks are present only in the ZrO.sub.2 ceramic coating layer having columnar texture in the direction of thickness along the boundary of the columns. A mixed layer composed of a metal superior to the base in high-temperature corrosion and oxidation resistance and a ZrO.sub.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an aircraft transparency including an electroconductive metal oxide coating over a rigid plastic substrate, and a polyurethane protective liner over the metal oxide coating, and more specifically to the use of a primer for adhering the metal oxide coating to the substrate and/or a primer for adhering the polyurethane protective liner to the metal oxide coating. The metal oxide primer includes a carbonate diol-based crosslinked polyurethane. The polyurethane primer is selected from the group consisting of a crosslinked copolymer of acrylic acid and substituted acrylates such as 2-ethylhexylacrylate; a crosslinked copolymer of cyanoethylacrylate and acrylic acid; and a crosslinked terpolymer of 2-ethylhexylacrylate, cyanoethylacrylate and acrylic acid.

Abstract: An article having a spallation resistant TBC comprises a metal substrate, such as a high temperature superalloy, and a TBC, such as a coating of yttria stabilized zirconia. The TBC comprises a plurality of plasma-sprayed layers. The TBC has a coherent, continuous columnar grain microstructure, wherein at least one layer has a plurality of continuous columnar grains which have been extended by directional solidification into an adjacent layer. In a preferred embodiment, the coherent, continuous columnar microstructure comprises substantially all of the volume of TBC. A coherent, continuous columnar grain microstructure is also taught wherein at least some of the plurality of coherent, continuous columnar grains which comprise a TBC extend through essentially the entire thickness of the coating.

Abstract: A ceramic lid assembly includes an integral metallized layer provided around the periphery of a ceramic lid substrate to serve as a foundation for a solder layer. A portion of the metallized layer for contact with the ceramic lid substrate is formed from a metallized paste containing glass frits so that the metallized layer is baked to adhere to the ceramic lid by reflowed glass frits. A portion of the metallized layer for contact with the solder layer is formed from a metallized paste containing no glass frits so that substantially no void is formed in the solder layer.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved bond coat of a thermal barrier coating system useful for enhancing adhesion of a ceramic topcoat to a superalloy substrate. The bond coat includes about 13 to 30 weight percent aluminum, between trace and about 3 weight percent of a reactive element selected from the group consisting of yttrium, zirconium, lanthanum, and scandium, and mixtures thereof, and balance selected from the group consisting of nickel, cobalt, iron and mixtures thereof, wherein said bond coat is further characterized by absence of added chromium. A preferred method includes plasma spraying a prealloyed powder of the bond coat composition on the substrate followed by alumina formation and ceramic topcoat deposition. Uses include thermal barrier coating systems on gas turbine engine hot section components such as turbine blade and vane airfoils, combustors, and exhaust nozzles.

Abstract: Multilayer high transmittance, low emissivity coatings on transparent substrates feature a special antireflective base film of at least two parts on the substrate-near side of a metallic, reflective film. A first of the two parts is in contact with the metallic film. This first film-part has crystalline properties for causing the metallic film to deposit in a low resistivity configuration. The second of the two film-parts supports the first part and is preferably amorphous. Coated articles of the invention also feature, in combination with the above-mentioned base film or independently thereof, a newly discovered, particularly advantageous subrange of thicker primer films for coated glass that can be thermally processed for tempering, heat strengthening, or bending.

Abstract: A low-E sputter-coated layer system for automotive and architectural purposes of the basic Si.sub.3 N.sub.4 /NiCr/Ag/NiCr/Si.sub.3 N.sub.4 type improved by either an undercoat of TiO.sub.2 or the use of stainless steel in the Si.sub.3 N.sub.4 layers, or both. By selection of appropriate thicknesses the layer coatings may be rendered heat treatable. I.G. units are an advantage product in which the coatings may be employed.

Abstract: An organic composite coated steel sheet having an excellent corrosion resistance in a rust-contaminated environment. The sheet contains a chromate film on a zinc or zinc alloy plated sheet and an organic resin film on the chromate film. The resin film has a thickness of 0.2-2.0 microns. The resin film contains (a) a base resin obtained by adding at least one basic nitrogen atom and at least two primary hydroxyl groups to the ends of molecules of an epoxy resin, (b) a polyfunctional polyisocyanate compound having at least six isocyanate groups per molecule, and (c) a rust-preventing additive of a sparingly soluble chromate or a mixture of silica and a sparingly soluble chromate.

Abstract: A longitudinal recording medium and a magnetic recording apparatus containing the same, comprising a substrate and a longitudinal magnetization film formed on the substrate containing grains of a Co-based alloy, and exhibiting an oxygen concentration distribution having two peaks as follows: a peak of higher oxygen concentration pertaining to grain boundaries of the longitudinal magnetization film, and a peak of lower oxygen concentration pertaining to grain interiors of the longitudinal magnetization film.

Abstract: An assembly substrate includes a substrate (11, 31, 41), a composite layer (12, 32, 42) overlying the substrate (11, 31, 41), and an electrically conductive layer (13, 33, 43) overlying the composite layer (12, 32, 42). The composite layer (12, 32, 42) includes a first material having an as-deposited tetragonal crystal structure and a second material. The second material in the composite layer (12, 32, 42) reduces the susceptibility of the composite layer (12, 32, 42) to fracture under stress.

Abstract: A diffusion barrier to help protect titanium aluminide alloys, including the coated alloys of the TiAl.gamma.+Ti.sub.3 Al (.alpha..sub.2) class, from oxidative attack and interstitial embrittlement at temperatures up to at least 1000.degree. C. is disclosed. The coating may comprise FeCrAlX alloys. The diffusion barrier comprises titanium, aluminum, and iron in the following approximate atomic percent:Ti-(50-55)Al-(9-20)Fe.This alloy is also suitable as an oxidative or structural coating for such substrates.

Abstract: A sputter-coated layer system on a glass substrate particularly useful in insulating glass (IG) units, enables normal emissivity values (E.sub.n) of 0.06 or less, good durability and neutral color. The layer system includes an undercoat of a transparent dielectric having an index of refraction between 2.5-2.6 at a wavelength of 550 nanometers, two layers of Si.sub.3 N.sub.4, and two layers of nichrome sandwiching a layer of silver to achieve its unique low-E, neutral color, non-mirrorlike solar management properties. An optional overcoat of a transparent dielectric material having an index of refraction of 2 at a wavelength of 550 nanometers may be provided.

Abstract: A coated article includes a superalloy substrate, an intermediate bond coat and a thermal barrier coating. The bond coat may include a platinum aluminide layer underlying a thin oxide layer. The thin oxide layer may include alumina. The coated article has high strength and durability at high temperatures over extended periods of time and thus is especially useful in the form of, e.g., a turbine blade or turbine vane.

Abstract: An article for use at high temperatures and in corrosive environments comprising a substrate of refractory metal or alloy thereof. The substrate is coated with an interlayer followed by an optional preliminary coating and a final coating of a platinum group metal. The interlayer reduces oxidation of the substrate and prevents metallic interdiffusion between the final coating and substrate contributing both to an improved tolerance of the article to the working environment and reduced manufacturing costs.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for forming and consolidating organic matrix composites. An organic matrix composite panel comprising laid-up prepregs is placed between sheets of a susceptor material that is susceptible to inductive heating to form a workpiece. The resulting workpiece is placed within upper and lower dies formed of a material that is not susceptible to inductive heating. An induction coil embedded within the dies is energized and inductively heats the susceptor sheets surrounding the panel. The sheets in turn conductively heat the organic matrix composite panel. A pressure zone between the workpiece and one of the dies is pressurized to form the workpiece to the contour of a forming surface on one of the dies. The pressure in the pressure zone is maintained on the workpiece until the organic matrix composite panel is fully consolidated and formed.

Abstract: A method for joining a woven flexible ceramic fabric and a thin metal sheet creating an integral metal surfaced flexible thermal protection article, which method comprises:placing multiple dots of high temperature metallic or ceramic brazing material between the flexible ceramic fabric and the thin metal sheet in a random or organized pattern, with the proviso that the brazing material covers about 10% or less of the surface of one flat side of the metal sheet;heating the flexible ceramic fabric, brazing material and thin metal sheet for a predetermined period of time to integrally connect the same; andcooling the formed flexible article to ambient temperature. Preferably the flexible ceramic is selected from fibers comprising atoms of silicon, carbon, nitrogen, boron, oxygen or combinations thereof. The flexible thermal protection article produced is also part of the present invention. The thin metal sheet is comprised of titanium, aluminum, chromium, niobium or alloys or combinations thereof.

Abstract: An article of manufacture which is subject to erosive and corrosive attack in a high-temperature environment is formed of a substrate of nickel or cobalt-based superalloy, and a protective silicide coating disposed on the substrate. A thermal barrier layer of ceramic may be disposed between the superalloy and the silicide layer, and an MCrAlY layer may be disposed between the ceramic and the superalloy substrate. The silicide coating is preferably MoSi.sub.2.

Abstract: A precursor for manufacturing a semiconductor thin film in which an oxide thin film comprising at least one element as a dopant, selected from a group which consists of Groups IA, IIA, IIB, VA, and VB elements, and Groups IB and IIIA elements which are main components of the semiconductor thin film are deposited on a substrate, or a precursor for manufacturing a semiconductor thin film which is formed by depositing a thin film of oxide comprising the Groups IB and IIIA elements on the substrate wherein the content of at least one of the Groups IB and IIIA elements is varied in the direction of film thickness, and a method for manufacturing a semiconductor thin film comprising the step of heat treating the precursor for manufacturing the semiconductor thin film in an atmosphere containing a Group VIA element.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a magnetoresistance effect element which has a film with a spin valve structure or an artificial lattice film having good soft magnetic characteristics, and which can be applied to a high-sensitivity magnetic head. The present invention provides a magnetoresistance effect element including a stacked film formed on a substrate by sequentially stacking a ferromagnetic film containing as its main constituents at least one elements selected from the group consisting of Co, Fe, and Ni, a nonmagnetic film, and the ferromagnetic film, wherein the two ferromagnetic films are not coupled with each other, and the closest packed plane of each ferromagnetic film is oriented in a direction perpendicular to the film surface.

Abstract: A multilayer comprising magnetic layers and nonmagnetic layers, which are stacked in a manner to produce a magnetoresistance effect, is formed on a main surface of a substrate having at least the surface portion formed of a single crystal of cubic system. The (110) plane of said single crystal constituting the main surface of the substrate. The magnetic layers are distorted such that a uniaxial easy axis of magnetization is formed within a plane.

Abstract: A heat insulating film comprises a plastic film, a surface metal layer coating the plastic film, a thin metal layer coating the surface metal layer and a protective membrane layer coating the thin metal layer. The surface metal layer has crystal grains having flat upper surfaces and the thin metal layer has flat crystal grains disposed in a single grain layer and formed and overlying respective flat upper surfaces of the crystal grains of the surface metal layer. Heat rays which irradiate on the heat insulating film pass freely through the protective membrane layer but are reflected by the crystal grains of the thin metal layer. Absorption of heat rays by the heat insulating film is remarkably suppressed.

Abstract: A copper foil for a printed wiring board which has a carbon-containing copper-zinc coating comprising 40 to 90 atomic % of copper, 5 to 50 atomic % of zinc and 0.1 to 20 atomic % of carbon is produced by dipping a copper foil in a non-cyanide copper-zinc electroplating bath containing a copper salt, a zinc salt, a hydroxycarboxylic acid or a salt thereof, an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid or a salt thereof and a thiocyanic acid or a salt thereof, and carrying out electrolysis in the non-cyanide copper-zinc electroplating bath using the copper foil as a cathode to form on at least one surface of the copper foil a carbon-containing copper-zinc coating.

Abstract: A metal body having at least one vapor-deposited treatment layer overlying and adhered to at least one side of the metal body, and a layer of adhesion-promoting material overlying and adhered to at least one treatment layer, provided that when two treatment layers are deposited on one side of the body and the first layer is vapor-deposited zinc, the second layer is not vapor-deposited silica or alumina, the adhesion-promoting material being suitable for enhancing adhesion between the body and a substrate. Laminates comprising metal foils and at least one vapor-deposited treatment layer overlying and adhered to at least one side of the metal foil; a layer of adhesion-promoting material overlying and adhered to at least one vapor-deposited treatment layer; and a layer of an electrically non-conductive material overlying and adhered to the adhesion-promoting layer.

Abstract: The description relates to coating agents for use as primers and fillers in the manufacture of multilayer lacquer coatings, more particularly in the motor-vehicle sector.The coating agent contains a binder mixture ofA) 60-75 wt. % of a hydroxy-functional copolymer with an OH number of 110 to 170 mg KOH/g, obtainable froma) 5-60 wt. %, preferably 10-30 wt. % of at least one diester of an alpha, beta-olefinically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid with saturated monohydric alcohols containing 1-8 carbon atoms,b) 10-70 wt. %, preferably 35-60 wt. % of one or more vinyl aromatic hydrocarbons,c) 0-30 wt. %, preferably 0-15 wt. % of one or more glycidyl esters of aliphatic saturated monocarboxylic acids branched in the alpha position,d) 25-50 wt. % of at least one hydroxy alkyl ester or a mixture of at least one alkyl ester and one hydroxyl alkyl ester of an alpha, beta-olefinically unsaturated monocarboxylic acid, ande) 0-10 wt. % of one or more alpha, beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acids,B) 1-6 wt.

Abstract: A cast iron piping system element has an outer coating comprising a first, inner porous layer consisting of zinc/aluminum alloy containing from 5 to 60% of aluminum, and a second, outer pore occluding layer of an organic or mineral binder in an aqueous, solvent or powder phase with a thickness of 100-140 .mu.m.

Abstract: Metal-matrix composites and methods for producing these composites are provided. The manufacturing methods include providing a ceramic preform having a uniform distribution of ceramic particles sintered to one another. The particles include an average particle size of no greater than about 3 microns, and at least one half of the volume of the preform is occupied by porosity. The preform is then disposed into a mold and contacted by molten metal. The molten metal is then forced into the pores of the preform and permitted to solidify to form a solid metal-matrix composite. This composite is machinable with a high-speed steel (HSS) bit for greater than about 1 minute without excessive wear occurring to the bit. This invention preferably employs metal-matrixes including Al, Li, Be, Pb, He, Au, Sn, Mg, Ti, Cu, and Zn. Preferred ceramics include oxides, borides, nitrides, carbides, carbon, or a mixture thereof. Inert gas pressures of less than about 3,000 psi can be used to easily infiltrate the preforms.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a magnetoresistance effect element which has a film with a spin valve structure or an artificial lattice film having good soft magnetic characteristics, and which can be applied to a high-sensitivity magnetic head. The present invention provides a magnetoresistance effect element including a stacked film formed on a substrate by sequentially stacking a ferromagnetic film containing as its main constituents at least one elements selected from the group consisting of Co, Fe, and Ni, a nonmagnetic film, and the ferromagnetic film, wherein the two ferromagnetic films are not coupled with each other, and the closest packed plane of each ferromagnetic film is oriented in a direction perpendicular to the film surface.

Abstract: The improved version of a chromated metal sheet has a chromate layer on at least one side of a metal substrate or a plated metal substrate and it is characterized in that the chromate layer has a chromium deposit of 10-200 mg/m.sup.2 per surface in terms of metallic Cr, that the chromate layer contains silica in an amount of 0.1-6.0 in terms of the weight ratio of SiO.sub.2 to Cr, and that the chromate layer contains at least one kind of lubricating particles selected from the group consisting of graphite, MoS.sub.2, BN, calcium stearate and an organic lubricating substance in an amount of 0.1-100 in terms of the weight ratio of the lubricating particles to Cr. The lubricating particles can have a surface layer capable of nonionic surface activating action, and this surface layer accounts for 1-70 wt % of the lubricating particles.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a magnetoresistance effect element which has a film with a spin valve structure or an artificial lattice film having good soft magnetic characteristics, and which can be applied to a high-sensitivity magnetic head. The present invention provides a magnetoresistance effect element including a stacked film formed on a substrate by sequentially stacking a ferromagnetic film containing as its main constituents at least one elements selected from the group consisting of Co, Fe, and Ni, a nonmagnetic film, and the ferromagnetic film, wherein the two ferromagnetic films are not coupled with each other, and the closest packed plane of each ferromagnetic film is oriented in a direction perpendicular to the film surface.

Abstract: A personal ornament which has an appearance of nickel tone or black nickel `tone` and assumes no magnetism is disclosed. In one embodiment of the personal ornament, a chromate layer is formed on a surface of a substrate made of pure zinc and a clear coating layer of brown color is superposed thereon. In another embodiment of the personal ornament, a Cu layer, a pure Zn layer, a chromate layer, and a clear coating layer of brown color are sequentially superposed in the order mentioned on a surface of a substrate made substantially of zinc. Further, in a personal ornament having an appearance of black nickel tone, a Cu layer, a Zn--Cu alloy layer, a brass activator conversion coating (blackly dyed) layer, and a clear coating layer of brown to black color are sequentially superposed in the order mentioned on a surface of a substrate made substantially of zinc.

Abstract: A superalloy turbine blade (10) has a MCrA1Y bond coating (22) and a thermal barrier coating (24). The thermal barrier coating (24) comprises a plurality of alternate layers (25, 27) which have different structure to produce a plurality of interfaces (26) substantially parallel to the metallic substrate (20)/bond coating (22) interface. These interfaces (26) provide paths of increased resistance to heat transfer to reduce the thermal conductivity of the thermal barrier coating (24). The structure in the alternate layers (25, 27) of the thermal barrier coating (24) is columnar (28), or segmented, to ensure that the strain tolerance of the thermal barrier coating (24) is not impaired. The columnar grains (28) in the layers (25, 27) extend substantially perpendicular to the metallic substrate (20)/bond coating (22) interface. This enables thermal barrier coatings (24) of reduced thickness and weight to be used.

Abstract: A black steel sheet having a sufficiently small coating thickness to allow the welding of the steel sheet, and yet exhibiting an excellently black surface. It is a steel sheet having a surface plated with zinc or a zinc alloy, and carrying a chromate film formed on its plated surface, and a black film formed on the chromate film from a composition comprising specific proportions of a thermosetting resin and a black dye, which are both soluble in an organic solvent, and having a sufficiently small thickness. The composition may further contain a solid lubricant, or a granular rust-inhibitive pigment, or both.

Abstract: An iron-based heat-generating material excellent in oxidation resistance at an elevated temperature which comprises an iron-based alloy capable of generating heat by passing electricity therethrough and a coating of aluminum and oxygen formed on the surface of the alloy, the amount of the oxygen in the coating is less than the stoichiometric amount of oxygen in Al.sub.2 O.sub.3. The material can be prepared by vacuum evaporation of Al onto the surface of the iron-based alloy wherein an oxygen partial pressure in a vacuum gaseous atmosphere for the vacuum evaporation is adjusted so that there is formed on the surface of the alloy a coating consisting of aluminum and oxygen, the amount of the oxygen in the coating being less than the stoichiometric amount of oxygen in Al.sub.2 O.sub.3. When the material is heated in ambient or oxidizing atmosphere, an outermost layer of the coating is rapidly converted to Al.sub.2 O.sub.3.

Abstract: A ceramic substrate has a five-layered thin metallic film thereon. The first layer is Ti, Zr, Cr and/or W; the second layer is Ni and/or Mo; the third layer is one or more metals of group Ib in the periodic table; the fourth layer contains the same metals as the second layer and the fifth layer contains the same metals as the third layer.

Abstract: A process for protecting, especially against corrosion, a silver or silver-coated part, wherein a Cu--Sn alloy comprising from 53 to 75% copper and from 25 to 47% tin and optionally comprising up to 10% zinc is deposited on the said part over a thickness of less than 0.01 .mu.m. Another aspect of the invention is a silver or silver-coated part additionally having a protective coating formed from a Cu--Sn or Cu--Sn--Zn alloy, with a thickness of less than 0.01 .mu.m.

Abstract: The invention comprises a self supporting electronic packaging article comprising an insulative polymer overcoated with an antistatic/protective coating system comprising from about 8 mg/m.sup.2 to about 70 mg/m.sup.2 vanadium pentoxide, from about 36 mg/m.sup.2 to about 270 mg/m.sup.2 of a polymer latex having a hydrophilic functionality, and from about 210 mg/m.sup.2 to about 842 mg/m.sup.2 of a nonsulfonated protective topical binder, all of which may be contained in a single coating, or which may be contained in a two-layer coating system.

Abstract: A ceramic member (52) is direct-bonded to a copper composite substrate by heating to diffuse copper to the surface of the copper composite substrate (56), oxidizing the copper composite substrate following heating, placing a ceramic member in contact with the resulting oxidized substrate, and forming a copper-copper oxide eutectic (54) at the interface between the copper composite substrate and the ceramic member by heating. The eutectic, upon cooling, forms a bond between the copper composite and the ceramic.

Abstract: In a multi-layer coating for a material of good transparency for visible light, with an emissivity e<0.04 and a light transmission T.gtoreq.78% and with two silver layers of different thickness, three oxide coatings are provided, and very thin metal or metal suboxide coatings as blockers, the oxide layers being alloys of the metals SnMg, SnAl, SnZr, SnTi or SnTa.

Abstract: In a magnetoresistive read transducer, a material which is inert with respect to the soft film magnetic biasing layer is formed at the surface of the substrate prior to soft film deposition. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a substrate surface layer of metal such as Cr or Ta is used. These metals have high resistivity due to partial oxidation when deposited on the substrate to reduce shunting of sensing current through the magnetoresistive layer, and further acts as a barrier to protect the soft film from substrate interface contamination. The surface layer also acts as a seed layer to set the soft film magnetization orientation in a well-defined direction therefore reducing magnetic instability.

Abstract: In a magneto-optical recording medium having a substrate, a recording layer having at least a rare earth-transition metal alloy film formed on the substrate, and a dielectric layer formed on the recording layer, a depth of penetration in the recording layer for an element derived from the dielectric layer is set to 70.ANG. or less from an interface between the recording layer and the dielectric layer in a depth-directional film structure analysis by an Auger electron spectroscopy. Accordingly, mixing of impurities into the recording layer can be suppressed to thereby lower the value of the required recording magnetic field.

Abstract: A soft magnetic alloy film includes: a fine crystalline phase having an average grain size of 10 nm or less and essentially consisting of Fe of b-c-c structure; and an amorphous phase containing a rare earth element or at least one of the elements, Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta and W, and O (oxygen) in a large amount, the fine crystalline phase and amorphous phase existing in a mixed state, with the proportion of the fine crystalline phase of Fe of b-c-c structure to the entire structure being 50% or less. A plane magnetic element employs such a soft magnetic alloy.

Abstract: A copper foil for printed circuits including a thermal oxidation-resistant treated layer (e.g., Zn--Ni or Zn--Co alloy plating) formed on the shiny side of the foil and a Cr-base anticorrosive treated layer (e.g., chromate film, mixed film of chromium oxide and zinc and/or zinc oxide, or both) formed further thereon, characterized in that a copper plating layer or an etched surface is provided before forming the thermal oxidation resistant treated layer. The copper plating or etching permits the shiny side to be completely covered with fresh copper or purified to overcome any ununiformity of the chemical activity and/or any lack of smoothness of the entire surface of the shiny side. The evenness of the freshly formed copper surface enhances the homogeneity and completeness of the thermal oxidation-resistant plated layer to be formed subsequently by thermal oxidation resistance treatment, rendering it possible to take the full advantage of the thermal oxidation-resistant treated layer.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a magnetoresistance effect element which has a film with a spin valve structure or an artificial lattice film having good soft magnetic characteristics, and which can be applied to a high-sensitivity magnetic head. The present invention provides a magnetoresistance effect element including a stacked film formed on a substrate by sequentially stacking a ferromagnetic film containing as its main constituents at least one elements selected from the group consisting of Co, Fe, and Ni, a nonmagnetic film, and the ferromagnetic film, wherein the two ferromagnetic films are not coupled with each other, and the closest packed plane of each ferromagnetic film is oriented in a direction perpendicular to the film surface.

Abstract: A method for coating a substrate with a corrosion resistant surface comprises the steps of coating a portion of the substrate with a nickel (II) nitrate hexahydrate solution. The solution-coated substrate is then heated to a temperature greater than 303.degree. C. until a nickel oxide coating remains.

Abstract: Disclosed is a high heat conductive body which consists of 30-99 wt. % of at least one of molybdenum and tungsten and 1 or more wt. % ceramic. A wiring base substrate fitted with such a high heat conductive body is also disclosed. Methods of producing such a high heat conductive body and a wiring base substrate are further disclosed.

Abstract: A multi-layer sliding bearing having an excellent anti-fretting property, comprises a back steel layer, and a bearing alloy layer formed on the back steel layer. A film of phosphate having a thickness of 0.1-15 .mu.m is formed on a back surface of the back steel layer, thereby enhancing the anti-fretting property of the bearing. The provision of the phosphate film well compatible with a mating material overcomes damage to the bearing due to fretting in a high-speed range. Therefore, the bearing can fully exhibit a bearing performance even under severe conditions of use in a high-speed, high-temperature and high-load range as typically experienced in a high-performance engine.

Abstract: An ink composition is provided for forming an ultra-thick thick film which is suitable for conducting heat laterally from a heat generating device supported on a substrate. The ink composition is formulated to enable the ultra-thick thick film to be formed as a single layer, such that only a single print, dry and fire cycle is required to form the film. Advantageously, ultra-thick thick films having thicknesses of about 125 micrometers (about 0.005 inch) and greater can be formed by a single layer of the ink composition.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composite body in which a ceramic component and a metal component are bonded to one another by internal soldering. The internal soldering is effected with soldering composition in a recess (2) within a component (1) of the one material in which there is arranged a component (3) of the other material which is shaped to fit accurately. The recess (2) is, at at least one end-face opening, surrounded by a chamfer (5) having an angle .phi. smaller than 35.degree. C., while the wetting angle .beta. between the soldering composition and the plane of the component surface in which the recess is located is smaller than 40.degree..