Abstract: An austenitic stainless corrosion resistant alloy and articles made therefrom having good resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion in oxidizing chloride-bearing media combined with resistance to general corrosion and to intergranular corrosion in oxidizing media, containing in weight percent about______________________________________ w/o ______________________________________ C 0.06 Max. Mn 1.4 Max. Si 0.9 Max. P 0.035 Max. S 0.035 Max. Cr 20-26 Ni 34-44 Mo 3-<5.1 Cu 0.1-<3.1 N 0.4 Max. B 0.005 Max. Ce + La 0.4 Max. Added Nb 1 Max. Ti 0.5 Max. ______________________________________and the balance iron. The amount of nitrogen is not greater than that which can be retained in solution. When present niobium plus titanium ranges upward from a minimum which is sufficient to combine stoichiometrically with the amount of carbon present in excess of 0.025 w/o. In this composition the elements chromium, nickel, molybdenum and copper are balanced so that the value of Correlation I is equal to or less than 1.

Abstract: This invention relates to a high temperature oxidation resistant thermal barrier coating system for a nickel-, cobalt-, or iron-base alloy substrate. An inner metal bond coating contacts the substrate, and a thermal barrier coating covers the bond coating.NiCrAlR, FeCrAlR, and CoCrAlR alloys have been satisfactory as bond coating compositions where R=Y or Yb. These alloys contain, by weight, 24.9-36.7% chromium, 5.4-18.5% aluminum, and 0.05 to 1.55% yttrium or 0.05 to 0.53% ytterbium. The coatings containing ytterbium are preferred over those containing yttrium.An outer thermal barrier coating of partially stabilized zirconium oxide (zirconia) which is between 6% and 8%, by weight, of yttrium oxide (yttria) covers the bond coating. Partial stabilization provides a material with superior durability. Partially stabilized zirconia consists of mixtures of cubic, tetragonal, and monoclinic phases.

Abstract: Structure coated with graded ceramic material and methods of coating application are disclosed. Techniques for maintaining low stress to strength ratios across the depth of the coating are discussed. In one particular structure the coating is applied to a metal substrate (12) and comprises a metallic bond coat (14), a first interlayer (16) of metal/ceramic material, a second interlayer (18) of metal/ceramic material having an increased proportion of ceramic and an all ceramic layer. Modulation of the metal substrate temperature during the coating process establishes a desired residual stress pattern in the part.

Abstract: Metal parts are brazed by means of an amorphous filler metal foil. The brazing foil, useful for brazing stainless steels, has a composition consisting essentially of about 0-10 atom percent iron, about 0-20 atom percent chromium, about 3-5 atom percent molybdenum, about 5-35 atom percent cobalt, about 14-19 atom percent boron and the balance nickel and incidental impurities. The ductile foil permits fabrication of preforms of complex shapes which do not require binders and/or fluxes necessary for brazing powders presently used to braze stainless steels and nickel base alloys, and exhibits excellent braze-metal and high-temperature strengths.

Abstract: A coating for nickel/cobalt base alloys used in gas turbine constructions comprises a platinum metal underlayer, an intermediate MCrAlY layer, and a platinum metal overlayer. The platinum type metal is selected from the group consisting of platinum, rhodium, palladium and/or iridium. The MCrAlY material consists of yttrium (Y), aluminum (Al), chromium (Cr) and a balance represented by the letter (M) and selected from the group cobalt, iron and nickel.

Abstract: A boiler tube having improved high temperature strength, improved high temperature corrosion resistance, and resistivity to embrittlement during the service thereof, comprising an outer surface layer and an inner part, the outer surface layer consisting essentially, by weight, of 0.03-0.20% carbon, 1.5-4.0% silicon, 0.1-3.0% manganese, 13-25% chromium, 13-40% nickel, 0.5-3.0% at least one kind selected from the group consisting of molybdenum and tungsten, 0.05-0.5% at least one kind selected from the group consisting of titanium, niobium and vanadium, and the balance iron and inevitable impurities, the inner part consisting essentially, by weight, of 0.03-0.20% carbon, 0.3-1.0% silicon, 0.1-3.0% manganese, 13-25% chromium, 13-40% nickel, 0.5-3.0% at least one kind selected from the group consisting of molybdenum and tungsten, 0.05-0.5% at least one kind selected from the group consisting of titanium, niobium and vanadium, and the balance iron and inevitable impurities. Boron of 0.001-0.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel high temperature coatings which may be applied to turbine engine components to provide improved thermal fatigue resistance as well as improved oxidation and corrosion resistance. The compositions have one of the following general formulas:MCrAl+Rare Earth Metal (1)MCrAl+Rare Earth Metal+Noble Metal (2)MCrAl+Rare Earth Metal+Refractory Metal; or (3)MCrAl+Rare Earth Metal+Noble Metal+Refractory Metal (4)wherein M is a solid solution of molybdenum, tungstun or niobium in nickel, cobalt or nickel plus cobalt.

Abstract: Coatings for iron-, nickel- and cobalt-base superalloys and the resulting coated components having good high temperature oxidation resistance. The coatings consist essentially of, by weight, 5% to 50% chromium, 3% to 30% aluminum, 0.01% to 15% tantalum, up to 10% manganese, up to 5% tungsten, up to 12% silicon, up to 10% hafnium, up to 5% reactive metal from the group consisting of lanthanum, yttrium, and other rare earth elements, up to 5% of rare earth and/or refractory metal oxide particles, and the balance selected from the group consisting of nickel, cobalt and iron, and combinations thereof. Additions of titanium up to 5% and noble metals up to 15% are also contemplated.

Abstract: A substrate, such as a turbine blade, vane, or the like, which is subjected to high temperature use is coated with a base coating of an oxide dispersed, metallic alloy (cermet). A top coating of an oxidation, hot corrosion, erosion resistant alloy of nickel, cobalt, or iron is then deposited on the base coating. A heat treatment is used to improve the bonding. The base coating serves as an inhibitor to interdiffusion between the protective top coating and the substrate. Otherwise, the protective top coating would rapidly interact detrimentally with the substrate and degrade by spalling of the protective oxides formed on the outer surface at elevated temperatures.

Abstract: Metal alloy having high catalytic activity. It comprises a refractory base metal mass containing carbon and at least one metal of the platinum type, the surface of which has been subjected to intergranular acid corrosion which produces microfissures and causes the formation of microcrystals of the platinum metals.Application in exhaust catalytic converters.The present invention relates to refractory metallic alloys exhibiting a high catalytic activity which are particularly useful for reducing exhaust gas pollution from automobiles.

Abstract: Beryllium to metal seals are produced by forming on a beryllium surface by cathode sputtering a first metal layer from a group of metals including tantalum, niobium, zirconium, hafnium, titanium or vanadium, an intermediate cathode sputtered layer of a refractory metal and outer layer of a readily brazable metal and soldering the readily brazable layer to another metallic body.

Abstract: A method of laminating first and second metal sheets to one another, comprises the steps of superposing the metal sheets and including therebetween a layer of amorphous metal and laminating the sheets to one another. During the lamination a pressure is applied by cold rolling for bonding the first and second sheets together.

Abstract: Improved coating compositions are described for the protection of superalloys at elevated temperatures. The coatings are of the MCrAlY type where M is nickel or cobalt and are significantly improved by the addition of from 0.1-7% silicon and 0.1-2% hafnium. Coatings of the invention are preferably applied by plasma spraying and as so applied are found to be substantially more effective than prior art coatings.

Abstract: Gas turbine engine superalloy airfoils and other components made by low pressure/high velocity plasma spray-casting have unique microstructures and, consequently, novel combinations of physical properties superior to those of components of the same alloy compositions made by conventional methods.

Abstract: A multifiber electrical brush formed of an electrically conductive matrix material having plural electrically conducting fiber wires embedded therein and extending therefrom, wherein the fiber wires have a diameter varying from 1 to 120.mu.m, a length on the order of 100 times greater than the diameter thereof, and a packing density between 1-25%. Suitable materials for the fiber wires are platinum, gold, silver, copper, palladium, or niobium which may be embedded in a copper, silver, or other suitable matrix material, or copper embedded in an aluminum matrix. The fiber wires may be provided with a coating of a suitable barrier material on the lateral surfaces thereof as may be required to protect the fiber wires from etching during removal of the matrix material, or to prevent and/or retard interdiffusion between the matrix material and the fiber wire material during annealing or hot-forming of brush stock, and/or to impart improved electrical performance to the resultant electrical brush.

Abstract: A composite electroplated article and process for making same comprising a body having a plurality of adherent electroplates of controlled thickness and composition thereon. The first layer comprises a nickel-iron alloy containing about 15 to about 50 percent by weight iron; the second layer comprises a nickel-containing plate of a sulfur content of about 0.02 to about 0.5 percent by weight; the third layer comprises a nickel-iron alloy containing about 5 to about 19 percent by weight iron but less iron than the first layer. Optionally, a decorative chromium outer layer is applied to the surface of the third layer, and preferably, an intervening nickel plate is interposed between the third layer and outer chromium layer of a type selected to induce micro-discontinuities in the outer chromium layer.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium for perpendicular magnetic recording comprises a low coercive force material, and a magnetic recording layer which is formed on the low coercive force layer and has magnetic anisotropy perpendicular to the surface of said low coercive force layer. The magnetic recording layer is of 0.3 .mu.m or less in thickness.

Abstract: A rapidly quenced, cast metallic strip is disclosed comprising a plurality of dissimilar portions, each portion metallurgically alloy-bonded during casting to adjacent portions along the longitudinal extent of the strip. In the method and apparatus for producing such strip a stream of molten metal is delivered onto a casting surface from a first crucible and at least one additional dissimilar stream of molten metal is delivered onto the casting surface such that a peripheral edge of the dissimilar stream contacts a peripheral edge portion of adjacent dissimilar metal to create a metallurgical alloy-bond therebetween during casting.

Abstract: A boron-containing nickel or cobalt spray-and-fuse self-fluxing alloy powder containing hard precipitates of chromium boride and, optionally, chromium carbide which are internally precipitated from a melt of said alloy is described. Said alloy powder is made by atomizing the melt at about the temperature at which the melt is viscous, and is disposed for application to metal articles to form improved coatings thereon.

Abstract: There are provided fiber reinforced structures formed of one or more layers of reinforcing fibers contained in an electroformed, superplastic, nickel-cobalt matrix.

Abstract: A decorative metal article of manufacture and the process of making it including assembling alternate layers of steel and brazing alloys, heating them while in intimate contact, then removing portions of the layers leaving elevated portions adjacent to depressed portions, and then subjecting the structure to compression to compress the elevated portions to the level of the depressed portion, and finally polishing the article.

Abstract: This invention relates to means for protecting substrates and in particular Ni- and Co-base superalloys from high temperatures, for example temperatures such as typically occur in gas turbine engines.In more detail an article suitable for use all elevated temperature (up to 1600.degree. C. and beyond) comprises a metallic substrate on which is deposited a first coating or layer comprising one or more of the platinum group metals or an alloy including one or more of the platinum group metals on which is deposited a second coating or layer comprising a thermal barrier layer.

Abstract: A wear and corrosion resistant alloy for lining cylinders used in extrusion and injection molding machines comprises at least two carbides admixed with a nickel-cobalt base alloy. The cylinder lining is preferably prepared by placing a quantity of the alloy in the cylinder and capping the ends of the cylinder. The cylinder is then heated above the melting point of the alloy and spun at a high rate of speed to centrifugally coat the inner surface of the cylinder. The cylinder's end caps are then removed and the lining finished to the correct internal diameter and finish by conventional lathe and hone means. The carbide mixture is evenly dispersed in the lining and produces a lining having desirable hardness and corrosion resistance throughout the thickness of the lining.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a slide member which has excellent wear, seizing, and scuffing resistances, and excellent adherence property, and which can be used even under high-temperature conditions, and which is suited for being applied to slide surfaces of piston rings, cylinder liners and slide surfaces of the air compressors for internal combustion engines. For this purpose, according to the present invention, the slide surface has a layer which is formed by plasma spray-coating of a powdery mixture consisting of 5 to 80% by weight of an Fe/Ni alloy and 95 to 20% by weight of an Fe/high-Cr alloy.

Abstract: An article of improved wear characteristics and composed of a relatively low wear resistant base metal coated by a particulate refractory metal having a melting point of at least 1490.degree. C. deposited within the near-surface region thereof comprising a base metal or alloy of relatively low wear resistance, a refractory metal deposited within said near-surface region, said refractory metal being selectively deposited in the form of discrete particles, and the particles being idiomorphic or blocky or equiaxial or spheroidal or acicular or dendritic and a plurality of these particles having dimensions of less than 10 micrometers, a plurality of the particles being contiguous to form clusters of the particles that are spaced from each other. The clusters of particles may form microscopic regions of refractory metal which in turn may produce macroscopic regions of refractory metal having the appearance of a continuous coating.

Abstract: This invention is concerned with a process for applying a protecting silicon-containing coating on a superalloy. The invention further concerns the thus obtained specimens having a protective coating.

Abstract: An improved high temperature fatigue resistant coating for nickel and cobalt base superalloys having good oxidation and sulfidation resistance. The coating comprises by weight, 8-30% Co, 8-30% Cr, 5-20% Al, 10-60% Ni and 0.05-1.0% of a reactive metal selected from the group of Y, Sc, La and mixtures thereof, balance selected from the group consisting of Pt, Rh, and mixtures thereof, the (Pt+Rh) content being at least 13%.

Abstract: Coatings for iron-, nickel- and cobalt-base superalloys. The coatings are applied in order to provide good oxidation and/or sulfidation and thermal fatigue resistance for the substrates to which the coatings are applied. The coatings consist essentially of, by weight, 10 to 50% chromium, 3 to 15% aluminum, 0.1 to 10% manganese, up to 8% tantalum, up to 5% tungsten, up to 5% reactive metal from the group consisting of lanthanum, yttrium and other rare earth elements, up to 5 percent of rare earth and/or refractory metal oxide particles, up to 12% silicon, up to 10% hafnium, and the balance selected from the group consisting of nickel, cobalt and iron, and combinations thereof. Additions of titanium up to 5% and noble metals up to 15% are also contemplated.

Abstract: This invention is directed to an improved thermal barrier system by improving the adherence between a ceramic thermal barrier coating and a metal bond coating. First a primer film is deposited on the bond coat by ion sputtering a ceramic film thereon. A ceramic thermal barrier coating is then plasma-sprayed onto this primer film. This improves the integrity and strength of the interface between the plasma-sprayed ceramic layer and metallic bond coat which insures stronger adherence between the metal and the ceramic.

Abstract: A method is provided for improving the corrosion resistance of superalloy substrates, such as gas turbine blades, by initially coating the superalloy with an intermediate bonding alloy, followed by plasma spraying the resulting treated surface with cerium oxide or a sprayable blend of cerium oxide and zirconium oxide. The resulting metal oxide-super alloy composite has been found to be resistant to vanadium and sulfur dioxide corrosion.

Abstract: A heat-reflecting panel having a neutral-color outer appearance has a transparent film support, such as a glass pane, an interference film having a refractive index >2 disposed on the support, a heat reflecting gold film of a thickness of 70-105 A disposed on the side of the interference film remote from the support, and neutralization film formed from chromium, iron, nickel, titanium or alloys thereof, or an alloy of chromium, aluminium and iron, the neutralization film disposed on the side of the gold film remote from the interference film.

Abstract: A coated article and method for producing the coated article are described. The article is provided with a coating system which provides protection against hot corrosion at moderate temperatures (1200.degree.-1700.degree. F.). An overlay coating based on a metal selected from the group consisting of iron, nickel or cobalt or mixtures thereof and containing chromium and optionally aluminum, yttrium and/or hafnium is applied to the article to be protected. A silicon rich surface zone is produced at the surface of the overlay coating. Methods including pack cementation and physical vapor deposition are described for producing the coating.

Abstract: A magnetic thin film deposited on a non-magnetic substrate consists substantially of Ni, Co and oxygen, the content of Ni being between 10 and 55% by weight based on the weight of Ni and Co, the atomic percent ratio of oxygen to Ni and Co being between 3 and 45%.

Abstract: A coated article and method for producing the coated article are described. The article is coated with a system which provides protection against oxidation and corrosion and which significantly reduces the substrate temperature. An MCrAlY layer is applied to the article to be protected and a columnar grain ceramic is applied by vapor deposition to the MCrAlY coated article. An alumina lyaer which exists between the MCrAlY layer and the columnar ceramic layer provides for the adherence of the columnar layer to the MCrAlY layer. An important feature of the invention is that the interface between the MCrAlY layer and the alumina layer has a low surface roughness and this greatly improves the columnar ceramic layer adherence.

Abstract: A coated article and method for producing the coated article are described. The article is coated with a system which provides protection against oxidation and corrosion and which significantly reduces the substrate temperature. An MCrAlY layer is applied to the article to be protected and a columnar grain ceramic is applied by vapor deposition to the MCrAlY coated article. An alumina layer which exists between the MCrAlY layer and the columnar ceramic layer provides for the adherence of the columnar layer to the MCrAlY layer.

Abstract: A composite shaped article comprising at least one reinforcing core of a heat-resistant oxide-dispersion-hardened metal or alloy and a cladding of a heat-resistant metal or alloy which is compatible with the core material, the core being wholly encapsulated within and bonded to the cladding material.A method for making the articles is provided.

Abstract: A process, article produced therefrom, and compositions are described for the reception of electroless plating onto a substrate of a non-catalytic metal or non-catalytic alloy. The process comprises contacting the surface of the non-catalytic substrate with a promotor composition containing ions selected from the group of nickel, cobalt, iron, and mixtures thereof and a suitable reducing agent, and thereafter contacting the treated surface with an electroless plating bath comprising hypophosphite for metallic build-up.

Abstract: Brazing of metal parts employing a thin, homogeneous, ductile, filler metal foil is disclosed. The brazing foil, useful for brazing stainless steels, is less than about 0.0025 inch thick and has a composition consisting essentially of 0 to about 4 atom percent iron, 0 to about 21 atom percent chromium, 0 to about 19 atom percent boron, 0 to about 12 atom percent silicon, 0 to about 22 atom percent phosphorus and the balance nickel and incidental impurities. In addition to containing the foregoing elements within the above-noted composition ranges, the composition must be such that the total of iron, chromium and nickel ranges from about 76 to 84 atom percent and the total of boron, silicon and phosphorus ranges from about 16 to 24 atom percent. The ductile foil permits fabrication of preforms of complex shapes which do not require binders and/or fluxes necessary for brazing powders presently used to braze stainless steels and nickel base alloys.

Abstract: A recording medium consists of a composite amorphous magnetic material layer comprising a rare earth metal and an iron family metal, the composition ratio thereof being nonuniform in the perpendicular direction. Because of the nonuniform composition ratio, a minute magnetic domain can be formed stably, so that thermo magnetic recording at extremely high density and sensitivity can be effected. Where GdFe is employed as a suitable material, the thickness of a portion of the magnetic layer, which portion has a larger perpendicular magnetic anisotropy caused by the nonuniform composition ratio, is increased preferably in comparison with the other portion. Uniform thermo magnetic recording can be performed on the large area medium by covering the same with a transparent dielectric material layer having nonuniform thickness.

Abstract: Multi-layer, high-temperature corrosion protection coat for a corrodible metallic surface which comprises: (1) a first layer adjacent to the metallic surface comprising 1-15% zirconium, 10-30% chromium and remainder nickel; and (2) a second layer adjacent to said first layer comprising at least 60% chromium and remainder selected from the group consisting of iron, iron plus nickel and mixtures thereof. The protective coatings can be used in machine and appliance construction, particularly for components of thermal engines under high thermal and corrosive stress. They are resistant to sulfidization and oxidation.

Abstract: A thin film of magnetic recording material is sputter deposited over a base layer of gold and tantalum on a polished substrate. A protective layer of gold and tantalum is deposited overlaying the magnetic recording film. A solid lubricant layer such as carbon, preferably in the form of graphite, gold, silver, tin, molybdenum disulfide, and tungsten disulfide is sputter deposited or ion plated over the protective layer to reduce wear. The recording contacting portion of the recording head is similarly coated with a solid lubricant material. Other suitable protective materials include tantalum, niobium, tungsten and nitrides and carbides of such metals. In a preferred method for making such recording members, the layers are successively sputter deposited in an evacuated sputter chamber, whereby the recording layers and protective coatings are formed in a continuous process requiring only one pump down.

Abstract: A protectively coated superalloy has improved oxidation, corrosion, and wear resistance at elevated temperatures. The protective coating is a MCrAlY type alloy having a carbon content of 0.6 to 11 percent and is characterized in a preferred embodiment by having a carbon bearing matrix containing metal carbides of 1-2 microns mean size and chromium carbides of less than 12 microns. The coating is preferredly produced by plasma spraying and heat treatment.

Abstract: The object of the invention is to provide a thermal barrier coating system for protecting metal surfaces at high temperature in normally corrosive environments.The thermal barrier coating system includes a metal alloy bond coating, the alloy containing nickel, cobalt, iron, or a combination of these metals. The system further includes a corrosion resistant thermal barrier oxide coating containing at least one alkaline earth silicate.The preferred oxides are calcium silicate, barium silicate, magnesium silicate, or combinations of these silicates.

Abstract: Adherent, thermal shock-resistant protective coatings for nickel base super alloys are obtained by applying to the base metal a thin bond coat of an alloy of chromium aluminum and yttrium with materials selected from the group consisting of iron, cobalt, nickel and nickel-cobalt and applying thereover a continuously graded mixture of this material with a zirconia-based ceramic, the concentration of zirconia-based ceramic increasing from the bond coat to the outer layer. The zirconia ceramic may be stabilized by the addition thereto of amounts of magnesium oxide or other materials.

Abstract: An article with an improved MCrAlY coating is disclosed wherein a plasma sprayed MCrAlY coating is provided with a metallic envelope and then hot isostatically pressed to densify the coating and interdiffuse the envelope. Thus, the substrate is provided with a coating which in its bulk is the densified plasma coating with an outer surface zone which is enriched in a metal which enhances the oxidation-corrosion protective properties of the coating. Preferred coatings have a standard CoCrAlY bulk with a metal-enriched surface zone of about 0.02 mm depth. When aluminum is added the surface zone is comprised by weight percent of about 60 Co, 20 Cr and 22 Al. With chromium the surface zone is about 50 Co, 43 Cr and 8.5 Al.

Abstract: A thin film magnetic recording medium for deposition on a record carrier includes a ferromagnetic alloy containing iron, cobalt and chromium. The ferromagnetic alloy consists of from 0-55% cobalt, from 8-22% of chromium with the remainder iron. The preferred range of chromium is from 10-18%. The magnetic recording layer is vacuum deposited over an extended portion of a record carrier for storing information which is represented by the spatial distribution of magnetic transitions in the magnetic layer. The iron-cobalt-chromium or iron-chromium composition according to this invention, gives the best magnetic properties consistent with excellent corrosion resistance.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium wherein a ferromagnetic substance consisting of Fe, Co, Ni or alloy thereof is vacuum evaporated and deposited on a substrate made of a plastic film or a sheet of non-magnetic metal. The thin ferromagnetic film has the columnar crystal structure, and the columnar crystals are coated with a layer of oxide of the ferromagnetic substance.

Abstract: An article of manufacture having improved high temperature oxidation and corrosion resistance comprising: (a) a superalloy substrate containing a carbide reinforcing phase, and (b) a coating consisting of chromium, aluminum, carbon, at least one element selected from iron, cobalt or nickel, and optionally an element selected from yttrium or the rare earth elements.

Abstract: A fushion welded surfacing process for use with crack prone substrates is described. The process involves the application of an intermediate layer of crack resistant alloy by fusion welding followed by the application of the desired final surfacing alloy by fusion welding. The intermediate layer is an age hardenable nickel superalloy to which intentional additions of manganese have been made. The final surfacing alloy may be of the hardfacing type or may be of a type which imparts corrosion and oxidation resistance to the underlying article.

Abstract: A process for providing coatings on metal articles whereby the articles will be resistant to corrosion at elevated temperatures. The process involves the application of an overlay on an article surface, the overlay comprising a ductile metal of a composition normally resistant to corrosion at elevated temperatures. An outer layer of aluminide or metal which is resistant to corrosion at elevated temperatures but which is subject to embrittlement at such temperatures is applied to complete the coating. Porosity in the coating is then eliminated and a high integrity corrosion resistant coating not subject to cracking is obtained by heating the article in a gaseous atmosphere to elevated temperature and simultaneously applying isostatic pressure to the article.