Abstract: An electrochemical cell with a separator having a reinforced edge that provides structural rigidity to the separator after it has been contacted by the cell's electrolyte. The reinforced edge extends beyond the interface between the cell's electrodes and serves to contain fragmented pieces from one of the cell's electrodes that may become dislodged when the cell is dropped.

Abstract: An alkaline storage battery having excellent self-discharge characteristics even after a number of charge-discharge cycles is provided. The alkaline storage battery is provided with a case and an electrode group enclosed in the case, and a separator that is included in the electrode group retains at least 15 mg/cm2 of an electrolyte at least in a period after assembling the battery, from the time the separator is impregnated with the electrolyte to the time the battery is activated.

Abstract: An active composition for an electrode of an electrochemical cell. The active composition comprises an active electrode material and a conductive polymer. The electrochemical cell is preferably a battery cell or a fuel cell.

Abstract: A method of making electrochemical cells with high anode-to-cathode interfacial surface area and improved discharge efficiency at high rate discharge, without sacrificing total capacity involves the use of a separator coated electrode, and a flowable material comprising a second electrode. The first electrode and flowable material comprising the second electrode are disposed in a cell housing. The flowable material surrounds the coated surfaces of the first electrode. The invention also provides simplified methods for making electrochemical cells having a high anode-to-cathode interfacial surface area.

Abstract: An elastomer may be used to construct a separate, moldable part that engages the edge a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) to thereby seal the MEA. The seal has a groove defining two sealing portions separated by a web portion. The groove of the seal then engages the edge of the MEA and can maintain a tight fit without the need for additional adhesives. Additional features may extend laterally from the web portion to assist in separating cathode and anode plates and/or encompass, for example, manifold openings.

Abstract: A square shaped battery includes: an electrode plate group including a belt-like positive electrode plate, a belt-like negative electrode plate, and a belt-like separator, the belt-like positive electrode plate, the belt-like negative electrode plate, and the belt-like separator being laminated and rolled up to form the electrode plate group; and a pair of power collectors disposed on sides of the electrode plate group for collecting electric power from the electrode plate group.

Abstract: The present invention provides a lamination type secondary battery, in which accurate positioning can be performed for positive electrodes and negative electrodes arranged face-to-face to each other. The invention provides a lamination type secondary battery, which comprises positive electrodes and negative electrodes having different surface areas, said positive electrodes and said negative electrodes being laminated on each other with a separator between them, each of the electrodes having smaller surface area is arranged at the center with equal spacing from outer periphery of a separator main body and is covered with the separator main body, and outer periphery of each of the electrodes having larger surface area is equal in size with outer periphery of the separator main body to cover the electrode having smaller surface area.

Abstract: A lead-acid cell includes a case, positive and negative plates within the case, microporous separator material between adjacent plates and electrolyte in a starved amount, with the case having jar and covers joined by a weldment along overlapping cover and jars. The positive plates include a grid frame with an intermediate member extending between spaced apart generally peripheral portions of the frame, with pasted active material on the grid frame separated substantially into two portions by the intermediate member. Compressive force is adjustably continuously applied to the positive and negative plates within the case. The plates are suspended within the case at positions removed from the wall of the case, while plate growth is permitted in a manner that plate shorting is avoided.

Abstract: A battery including a polar solvent transportive, ionically conductive separator formed directly on an electrode is prepared by applying a coating composition containing a polymer or gel dispersed in a polar solvent directly to the electrode surface and solidifying materials in the coating composition to form a separator membrane.

Abstract: A secondary battery includes an electrode assembly; a laminated container laminated with flexible films, which encloses the electrode assembly while the electrode tabs are drawn out of the laminated container and is sealed by fusing resulting structure within a sealed portion; and a safety unit in the sealed portion, capable of being melted by excess heat generated from the secondary battery.

Abstract: A casing having substantially parallel side walls connected by a curved end wall receives a cathode electrode having substantially parallel opposed side walls connected by end walls. The cathode electrode is enclosed by a separator envelope that substantially conforms to an upper surface of the electrode. Accordingly, along the perimeter of the electrode the separator has a non-uniform spacing with respect to the edges of the electrode. The upper surface of the separator is disposed in a relatively closely spaced relationship with the electrode proximate the header and lid where welding takes place. At the opposite end of the cathode electrode there is space inside the casing that provides for electrode swelling. Since no welding operations take place there, the separator is provided in a relatively loose relationship with respect to the cathode to accommodate swelling during discharge.

Abstract: A starved electrolyte battery utilizes resilient fibrous mat electrode plate separators. The resilient electrode plate separators extend beyond the peripheral edges of the electrode plates in the plate stack(s) of the battery and a) encapsulate, at least the major surfaces and certain portions, preferably all, of the electrode plate edges, and b) form electrolyte reservoirs within the battery external of the plate stack(s). Preferably, the resilient fibrous mat separators are made of microfibers and may be essentially uniform in density throughout their thicknesses or may include one or two relatively high density, high tensile strength fibrous surface layer(s) and a relatively low density, more resilient fibrous layer integral with and, in one embodiment, intermediate the two surface layers.

Abstract: A cathode slurry for use in a lithium battery, comprised of: about 60% to about 70% by weight manganese dioxide; about 5% to about 10% by weight carbon; and about 25% to about 35% by weight of an electrolyte, said electrolyte comprised of: about 10% to about 40% by weight ethylene carbonate, about 60% to about 90% by weight propylene carbonate, and about 0.5 to about 1.5 moles of triflate salt.

Abstract: A metal-gas cell battery, such as a zinc-air cell battery, has one or more metal-gas cells. Each metal-gas cell has a metal anode sandwiched between a pair of gas cathodes. Each gas cathode is disposed within a rigid retaining structure. An expandable soft pocket for holding an electrolyte connects the two retaining structures. The anode is disposed within the soft pocket without being enclosing by a separator bag. The cell is mechanically refueled by expanding the soft pocket to allow replacing easily a spent anode with a fresh anode.

Abstract: A lead-acid cell includes a case, positive and negative plates within the case, microporous separator material between adjacent plates and electrolyte in a starved amount, with the case having jar and covers joined by a weldment along overlapping cover and jars. The positive plates include a grid frame with an intermediate member extending between spaced apart generally peripheral portions of the frame, with pasted active material on the grid frame separated substantially into two portions by the intermediate member. Compressive force is adjustably continuously applied to the positive and negative plates within the case. The plates are suspended within the case at positions removed from the wall of the case, while plate growth is permitted in a manner that plate shorting is-avoided.

Abstract: A battery, such as an alkaline battery, that can provide a high energy output at a high rate and that has a relatively high ratio of manganese dioxide to cathode volume is disclosed. The battery can provide high energy output at a high rate when the battery is intermittently subjected to a high energy load.

Abstract: It is an object to quickly disperse heat generated when short circuit occurs between a positive electrode and a negative electrode. A nonaqueous-electrolyte battery is disclosed which incorporates: an encapsulating medium constituted by a laminated film in which a unit cell is accommodated, wherein the laminated film of the encapsulating medium contains a metal material having a heat conductivity k at room temperatures which is 230 Wm−1K−1 or higher. Moreover, ratio R of the volume of the metal material portion of the encapsulating medium with respect to a capacity of 1 mAh of the unit cell is 0.0002 cm3/mAh≦R≦0.003 cm3/mAh.

Abstract: A lead is connected to the electrode plate of the power generating element, and exposed externally from the deposited portion of a battery case. The portion of the lead crossing film edges is covered with two flat insulating covering resins which are thermally deposited to each other. At this portion, the covering resins and film edges are thermally deposited to each other. The covering resin is composed of two layers of an outer layer and an inner layer. At least the outer layer is colored and crosslink-coupled by irradiation of electron beams. The outer layer has a higher softening point than the inner layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved non-aqueous electrolyte cell comprising an anode, a cathode and a separator spirally wound so that the anode is disposed on the outer side of the cathode to form an electrode assembly. The outermost end of the cathode is wrapped with an electrically insulating material, the anode has a section provided with an anode current collector in the vicinity of the outermost end thereof, and the section is positioned beyond the wrapped outermost end of the cathode. A reaction suppressing layer is present between a cathode section in the vicinity of the outermost end and the anode positioned on the inner side thereof, thereby only the outer side of the cathode section substantially reacts with the anode. This cell ensures disconnection of remaining non-reacted anode component from the current collector when forcedly discharged at the last stage of discharge, causing little capacity loss.

Abstract: A method of forming a button-type battery includes, a) providing a conductive first terminal housing member, a conductive second terminal housing member, an anode, and a cathode; b) providing an anode/cathode separator, the separator being pre-configured with a self-aligning shape for self-aligning receipt relative to one of the first or second terminal housing members or the cathode; c) positioning the pre-configured separator relative to the one of the first or second terminal housing members or cathode, the pre-configured separator shape facilitating final alignment of the separator relative to the one of the first or second terminal housing members or the cathode; and d) joining the first and second terminal housing members together into a sealed battery assembly, with the anode, cathode and separator being received within the sealed battery assembly. A button-type battery construction is also disclosed.

Abstract: A nonaqueous secondary battery comprising a positive electrode and a negative electrode both containing a material capable of reversibly intercalating and deintercalating lithium, a nonaqueous electrolyte containing a lithium salt, and a separator, which has at least one protective layer on the negative electrode and/or the positive electrode. The battery has a high discharge potential, satisfactory charge and discharge cycle characteristics, and high safety.

Abstract: Disclosed is a battery comprising a positive electrode comprising a cathode active material layer, a negative electrode comprising an anode active material layer, and a sole porous separator disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, wherein the positive electrode, the negative electrode and the separator are disposed in a casing containing an electrolyte, and wherein the porous separator comprises at least one layer of an aggregate form of particles of at least one insulating substance, the layer of the aggregate form of particles having a three-dimensional network of voids which function as pores of the porous separator and which are capable of passing ions therethrough.

Abstract: A cathode slurry for use in a lithium battery, comprised of: about 60% to about 70% by weight electrolytic manganese dioxide; about 5% to about 10% by weight carbon; and about 25% to about 35% by weight of an electrolyte, said electrolyte comprised of: about 10% to about 40% by weight ethylene carbonate, about 60% to about 90% by weight propylene carbonate, and about 0.5 to about 1.5 moles of triflate salt.

Abstract: A valve regulated lead-acid battery having a plurality of negative and positive electrode plates, a plurality of separators soaked with electrolyte interleaved between the plates, a negative strap and positive strap interconnecting the respective plurality of negative and positive electrodes includes separator material soaked with electrolyte disposed adjacent to the negative strap to thereby increase oxygen reduction.

Abstract: A non-aqueous electrolyte battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode and an electrolytic solution sealed in a sealing bag, from which lead wires of the positive electrode and the negative electrode are extended to the outside, and the lead wires are also sealed. The battery maintains reliability in hermetic property during long term use. The sealing type non-aqueous electrolyte battery is characterized in that an acid-modified polyethylene, an acid-modified polypropylene or an ionomer is used as a plastic layer of the sealing bag, and preferably both the function of preventing the transmission of water and the function of preventing the transmission of an acid are provided by the plastic layer.

Abstract: In a flexible non-aqueous electrochemical cell, the electrolyte resides substantially entirely within the porous anode, cathode, and separator. In manufacturing the flexible non-aqueous electrochemical cell, the volume within the cell available to receive the electrolyte is substantially limited to the pores of the anode, cathode, and separator.

Abstract: A battery including a polar solvent transportive, ionically conductive separator formed directly on an electrode is prepared by applying a coating composition containing a polymer or gel dispersed in a polar solvent directly to the electrode surface and solidifying materials in the coating composition to form a separator membrane.

Abstract: An electrode and separator composite comprises a separator and an electrode embedded in a polymer matrix. Application of an electrode slurry to a polymer coated separator and subsequent drying in a solvent enriched atmosphere forms a secondary battery structure characterized by a seamless composite structure.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a lead-acid battery cell construction including a container; a plurality of positive plates positioned in the container; and a plurality of negative plates arranged in alternating order with the positive plates. A plurality of separators are provided with the plate separators being wrapped around the positive or the negative plates such that the vertical side walls of the wrapped plates are covered with at least a single layer of separator material.

Abstract: In a battery in which a metallic battery case for accommodating electricity-generating elements also serves as an electrode, a visible-light or near-infrared-light curing resin is used for providing a coating to insulate an end face and a peripheral edge portion of an opening portion of the battery case or a gap between a positive electrode and a negative electrode. The visible-light or near-infrared-light curing resin excels in a depth-curing characteristic as compared with a conventional ultraviolet curing resin, and cures well even up to a portion such as an insulating seal of a battery where a light-receiving port is light and the light is difficult to reach. Hence, the visible-light or near-infrared-light curing resin is prevented from becoming peeled off and provides a reliable insulting characteristic.

Abstract: A cylindrical electrochemical cell includes a cathode, an anode, a cylindrical separator, coaxial with the cell, for electrically separating the cathode and anode, and a cup seal at an end of the separator for electrically separating the anode and cathode and maintaining an ionic connection therebetween. The cup seal is comprised of one or more first layers of a micro-porous or a non-porous membrane, or a combination thereof, and one or more second layers of a porous membrane and wherein the seal overlaps at least a portion of the separator.

Abstract: A secondary battery separator comprises a fibrous core embedded in a polymeric sheet having improved electrode fusion thereto in unitary construction. In the process of manufacturing the separator, a fibrous, polymeric, substantially two-sided core matrix is coated with a polymer mixture containing a plasticizer and a solvent vehicle, and a vacuum is applied to the reverse side from the coated side to cause the polymer mixture to penetrate and infuse the capillary voids of the core matrix from the opposite coated side. The vacuum is continued until the solvent vehicle is fully volatilized. After the solvent vehicle has dissipated, the fiber matrix is turned over, and the process is repeated by applying a coating of polymer mixture to the second side and pulling a vacuum on the opposite side to cause penetration of the matrix.

Abstract: A battery is disclosed having two electrodes, each with a conductive strip connected thereto. A separator separates the two electrodes and an insulating envelope encloses the two electrodes. The two electrodes extend from openings of the insulating envelope and curve over the envelope toward the battery center.

Abstract: A high rate battery having a coiled electrode assembly housed in a case that efficiently utilizes the space available in many implantable medical devices is disclosed. The battery case provides a planar surface opposite an arcuate surface to allow for the close abutting of other components located within the implantable device while also providing for efficient location of the battery within an arcuate edge of the device. The battery cases include at least three planar sides extending between a top and a base of the battery case, wherein the arcuate side is located directly opposite one of the planar sides. The battery case may form a prismatic solid shape with one arcuate surface and five planar surfaces. The batteries may include a coiled electrode assembly including an anode and a cathode; electrolyte; and a case liner containing the electrode assembly.

Abstract: A battery construction and a method of producing the construction. The construction comprises a ceramic separator having a honeycomb structure in which cells run lengthwise of the honeycomb and are separated by porous walls, and internal positive and negative electrodes positioned in part at least within the honeycomb structure.

Abstract: A battery construction and a method of producing the construction. The construction comprises a ceramic separator having a honeycomb structure in which cells run lengthwise of the honeycomb and are separated by porous walls, and internal positive and negative electrodes positioned in part at least within the honeycomb structure.

Abstract: A nickel-hydrogen stacked battery pack containing at least two element cells each having a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator inserted between the positive and negative electrodes and an electrolytic solution, in which the element cells are stacked and contained in a hexahedral case, and an opening of said case is sealed with a sealing plate having a reversible vent, which battery pack has a high capacity.

Abstract: The present invention provides a rechargeable battery comprising (a) a container having a top, a bottom, and one or more side walls, and, positioned within the container, (b) an anode subject to shedding during charge/discharge cycling, (c) a cathode subject to shedding during charge/discharge cycling, (d) a separator between the anode and the cathode, (e) an electrolyte, and (f) means to inhibit the formation of a conductive pathway between the anode and the cathode sufficient to render the battery incapable of holding a charge by way of the material shed from the anode and the cathode during charge/discharge cycling. The present invention also provides a method of preparing such a rechargeable battery.

Abstract: A lithium electrochemical cell including an anode and cathode assembly with the anode connected electrically to a conductive cell casing and an insulated cathode conductor extending through a lid at an end of the casing and connected to a cathode lead near the lid and with a first insulating component for insulating the casing from cell components therein and extending along and within the casing from a closed end thereof toward the lid, and which is characterized by a second insulating component for insulating the lid from components in the casing and extending along within the lid and toward the first insulating bag so as to prevent a short circuit between the lid or casing and the cathode assembly caused by formation of lithium clusters in the region between the lid or casing and the cathode connector.

Abstract: A purpose of the present invention is to provide a secondary battery of high safety and high energy density.The battery of the present invention is a secondary battery microcapsules containing lithium at least formed of negative electrode active material, a separator, positive electrode active material, electrolytic solution (electrolyte), a collector and a battery case, characterized in that microcapsules are dispersed within the electrolytic solution or separator, said microcapsules discharging the chemical substance having hydroxyl group or chemical substance which is polymerization initiator, when the temperature within battery rises.

Abstract: There is provided a layer-built chemical cell device, comprising a positive electrode including a current collecting material and an active substance, a negative electrode including another current collecting material and another active substance, an electrolyte and a separator both interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. In such a layer-built cell device, the positive electrode and the negative electrode are in a belt-like shape, and are folded upon each other in a manner such that one electrode is always faced on both sides thereof with the other electrode, so as to form an electrode pair.

Abstract: A separator insert used in addition to the main separator in an electrochemical cell, is described. A preferred material for the separator insert is a woven or nonwoven fluropolymeric material such as tetrafluoroethylene-ethylene copolymer (PETFE). This polymeric material is chemically inert to the components used in alkali metal cells, is corrosion resistant and does not decompose at normal battery temperatures. Preferably, the separator insert covers at least each side of the cathode means in a spirally wound electrode stack and extends less than one-half the total length thereof. This provides additional protection against internal short circuit conditions due to tearing or puncture of the traditional separator cause by exposed electrode screens.

Abstract: A rectangular battery is disclosed. The rectangular battery includes a plurality of cathode plates and anode plates alternately superposed via a separator to face each other. The cathode plates and the anode plates are consecutively packed with the separator, the packed cathode plates or anode plates being folded at a separator fusing portion between the cathode plates or anode plates.

Abstract: An expanded screen current collector is provided with side edges coined inwardly to prevent sharp tines formed along the side edges from damaging adjacent components within the electrochemical cell. The expanded screen current collector is formed by cutting a thin flat sheet of current collector material, such as titanium or stainless steel, to have a height somewhat greater than a height required for use within the electrochemical cell. The current collector material is cut and expanded, then the side edges are coined inwardly by an amount sufficient to reduce the height of the resulting expanded screen current collector to a height appropriate for use within the electrochemical cell. An active cathode material, such as polycarbonmonoflouride, is coated onto side surfaces of the expanded screen current collector. An electrode structure employing the expanded screen current collector having the coined edges is also described.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing electrochemical cells having a low electrochemical surface, from standard electrodes used in cells having a high electrochemical surface, includes configuring the standard electrodes by folding one or more of the standard electrodes to reduce the overall length, and hence the electrochemical surface area to a fraction of that of the unfolded standard electrode. A cell stack is assembled by placing the folded electrode and a standard electrode, or alternatively a folded cathode and a folded anode, in a face-to-face relationship with a separator therebetween.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for supporting and cleaning a mesh anode bag of the type having one open end, one closed end, and being sealed along its lateral sides, the bag containing particles of discharged active zinc therein along its inner surfaces after the separation thereof from a discharged zinc anode, the process comprising placing the bag over a device comprising a hollow body having a liquid inlet at a first end and a plurality of liquid outlets at a second opposite end, the device being contoured and sized to be overridden by the bag, with the inner surfaces of the bag being in proximity to the outer surfaces of the body, and the plurality of outlets adjacent to the closed end of the bag, causing a flow of liquid via the inlet and through the body to the outlets, whereby liquid passing through the outlets flows around the outer surface of the body and along the inner surfaces of the bag, to entrain and remove therefrom the particles of zinc, and separating the bag from the device, as well as p

Abstract: A battery separator composed of a microporous sheet product having first and second major surfaces and a thickness of less than about 50 mils, formed from a uniform mixture of a polysulfone polymer and a filler or polysulfone polymer and structure enhancing agent, said sheet product having a fibrous sheet embedded within said mixture and between the first and second major surfaces. The porosity of the sheet product is at least about 60 volume percent composed of pores such that the average pore diameter increases from each major surface toward the interior of the sheet product's thickness.

Abstract: The present invention relates to rechargeable batteries which include cell casing components enclosing positive and negative plates, separator material and acid electrolyte. The battery includes a plurality of support members extending from one or the other of the casing components, or from both casing components, the support members passing through the plates to permit uniform compression of the internal components. In its preferred embodiment, the battery includes one or more intermediate cell partitions which permit stacking of individual cells to increase voltage. The partition continues the utilization of the support members. In another disclosed embodiment, the electrode plates contained within any particular cell are punched to permit the support members to pass therethrough, with hole sizing selected so that a small hole will remain at each support location, while also insuring that for each support member, only one of the positive and negative plates will touch it, but not both.

Abstract: A battery separator composed of a microporous sheet product having first and second major surfaces and a thickness of less than about 50 mils, formed from a uniform mixture of a polycarbonate polymer and a filler or a polycarbonate and a structure enhancing agent, said sheet product having a porous sheet embedded within said mixture and between the first and second major surfaces. The porosity of the sheet product is at least about 50 volume percent composed of pores such that the nominal pore diameter increases incrementally from each major surface towards the interior central portion of the sheet product's thickness.

Abstract: A battery separator composed of a microporous sheet product having first and second major surfaces and a thickness of less than about 50 mils, formed from a uniform mixture of a polymer and a filler or a polymer and a structure enhancing agent and having a porous sheet embedded between the first and second major surface. The porosity of the sheet product is at least about 50 volume percent having a pore distribution such that the nominal pore diameter increases from each major surface towards the interior central portion of the sheet product's thickness.