Abstract: Disclosed is an electrolyte for an electrochemical cell wherein the electrolyte includes a solvent mixture comprising a dioxolane and one or more of 1,2-dialkoxyalkanes of 5 or 6 carbon atoms and/or 1,3-dialkoxyalkanes of 5 or 6 carbon atoms. Also disclosed are cells and batteries including the electrolyte. An electrochemical cell including the electrolyte preferably has an anode that includes lithium and a cathode including an electroactive sulfur-containing material.

Abstract: The current disclosure relates to a feed solution for an electrochemical generator, the feed solution comprising at least one of a chlorite solution and/or a chlorate solution, wherein hardness-causing ion concentration in at least one of the chlorite solution and/or the chlorate solution is reduced to less than 1 part per million using at least one of an ion exchange method and/or a precipitation method. The current disclosure additionally relates to an electrochemical chlorine dioxide generator wherein the reactant feedstock is an electrolyte solution passed through an ion exchange column, the ion exchange column capable of substantially removing hardness-causing ions in the electrolyte solution. The current disclosure further relates to a method for assessing acceptable concentrations of hardness-causing impurities in an electrolyte solution. Additionally, the current disclosure relates to methods for reducing impurities in a sodium chlorite reactant feedstock.

Abstract: A non-aqueous electrolytic solution and a lithium battery employing the same are provided. The non-aqueous electrolyte solution that contains a substituted or unsubstituted acetate can effectively stabilize lithium metal and improve the conductivity of lithium ions.

Abstract: Provided is a battery electrolyte comprising an electrolyte salt, an electrolyte solvent and a compound producing chemical reaction products with the exception of water through a chemical reaction with an acid (H+), and a secondary battery comprising the same. The battery electrolyte according to the present invention can achieve improved high-temperature storage characteristics and the life characteristics of the battery, by using a compound decreasing a concentration of HX (X=F, Cl, Br or I) through a chemical reaction with HX (X=F, Cl, Br or I) which is present in the battery and therefore causes deterioration of the battery performance.

Abstract: A lithium secondary battery comprising a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a nonaqueous electrolyte, wherein the positive electrode or the negative electrode is an electrode obtained by depositing a thin film of active material capable of lithium storage and release on a current collector, the thin film is divided into columns by gaps formed therein in a manner to extend in its thickness direction and the columnar portions are adhered at their bottoms to the current collector, and the nonaqueous electrolyte contains at least one selected from phosphate ester, phosphite ester, borate ester and carboxylic ester having a fluoroalkyl group.

Abstract: The present invention provides a cell that does not impair heat resistant safety and electrochemical characteristics such as a discharge characteristic, and enhances long-period reliability. In the cell of the present invention, a nonaqueous solvent has, among compounds represented by the following general formula (1), at least one solvent having a boiling point of 200° C. or higher, and has, among compounds represented by the following general formula (1), at least one solvent having a boiling point of lower than 200° C.; and the total volume ratio at 23° C. of the compounds represented by the following general formula (1) is 95 to 100 percent of the nonaqueous solvent, X—(O—C2H4)n-O—Y??(1) (where X and Y are independently an alkyl group (number of carbons: 1-4), and n is 1-5).

Abstract: 1. A non-aqueous electrolytic solution comprising an electrolytic salt in a non-aqueous solvent, which further contains a pentafluorophenoxy compound having the formula (I): in which R represents a substituting group such as an alkylcarbonyl group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, an aryloxy-carbonyl group, and an alkanesulfonyl group, under the condition that at least one hydrogen atom contained in the substituting group can be substituted with a halogen atom or an aryl group.

Abstract: In order to manufacture a lithium secondary battery having excellent performances in safety under overcharge condition, cycle property, electric capacity, and storage endurance, 0.1 wt. % to 10 wt. % of a tert-alkylbenzene compound is favorably incorporated into a non-aqueous electrolytic solution comprising a non-aqueous solvent and an electrolyte, preferably in combination with 0.1 wt. % to 1.5 wt. % of a biphenyl compound.

Abstract: A non-aqueous secondary battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a non-aqueous electrolyte solution where the non-aqueous electrolyte solution contains a compound A in which a halogen group is bonded to a benzene ring and a compound B oxidized at a potential lower than that of the compound A, and the compound B is at least one selected from an aromatic compound and a heterocyclic compound. Thus, a non-aqueous secondary battery having excellent overcharging safety and being capable of ensuring storage reliability with less generation of gas during storage at a high temperature can be provided.

Abstract: A non-aqueous electrolyte battery of the present invention includes a non-aqueous electrolyte containing a lithium salt, a cyclic sultone derivative, and an acid anhydride, wherein the non-aqueous electrolyte contains the cyclic sultone derivative in an amount of 0.3 to 3% by mass and the non-aqueous electrolyte contains the acid anhydride in an amount of 0.3 to 3% by mass. Furthermore, the non-aqueous electrolyte battery includes at least one selected from a cyclic sultone derivative and an acid anhydride, and an electrolyte salt. The electrolyte salt contains lithium salt A and lithium salt B. The lithium salt A is at least one selected from LiBF4, LiPF6, LiAsF6, and LiSbF6, and the lithium salt B is a lithium salt other than the lithium salt A. The electrolyte contains the lithium salt A in an amount of 2 mol % or more.

Abstract: A non-aqueous secondary battery is provided, which has excellent overcharging safety, less generation of gas during storage at a high temperature, and can ensure storage reliability. A non-aqueous secondary battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a non-aqueous electrolyte solution, wherein the non-aqueous electrolyte solution contains a compound A in which a halogen group is bonded to a benzene ring and an aromatic or/and heterocyclic compound B oxidized at a potential lower than that of the compound A, a content of the compound A with respect to the total non-aqueous electrolyte solution is 1% by mass to 15% by mass, and a content of the compound B with respect to the total non-aqueous electrolyte solution is 0.005% by mass to 3% by mass.

Abstract: Objects of the present invention is to provide a carbon material having a superior reversibility in lithium intercalation-deintercalation reaction, and a non-aqueous secondary battery using the carbon material as an active material for a negative electrode, which has a high energy density and an excellent rapid charging and discharging characteristics. Graphite powder having a maximum particle diameter of less than 100 ?m and an existing fraction of rhombohedral structure in the crystalline structure of less than 20% is used as an active material for the negative electrode of the non-aqueous secondary battery. The graphite powder can be obtained by pulverizing raw graphite with a jet mill, and subsequently treating the powder at a temperature equal to or higher than 900° C.

Abstract: The present invention provides a lithium secondary battery which is improved particularly in cycle characteristics. Disclosed is a lithium secondary battery which uses a non-aqueous electrolytic solution obtained by dissolving electrolyte salt in a non-aqueous solvent. The non-aqueous electrolytic solution further contains a pentafluorophenyloxy compound represented by the formula (I), and vinylene carbonate and/or 1,3-propanesultone. In the formula (I), R1 is a substituent selected from the group consisting of an alkylcarbonyl group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkoxycarbonyl group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, an aryloxycarbonyl group having 7 to 18 carbon atoms, and an alkanesulfonyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms. At least one hydrogen atom of the substituent can be substituted with a halogen atom or an aryl group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Provided is a rechargeable lithium-ion cell that contains a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a charge-carrying electrolyte containing a charge carrying medium and a lithium salt, and a triphenylamine compound dissolved in or dissolvable in the electrolyte. The triphenylamine compound has an oxidation potential above the positive electrode recharged potential and serves as a cyclable redox chemical shuttle providing cell overcharge protection. Also provided are methods for manufacturing a rechargeable lithium-ion cell.

Abstract: The present invention provides a battery small in time variation of the battery properties from the initial battery properties over a long term storage period of the battery. The battery is a lithium secondary battery in which a positive electrode including a positive electrode active material capable of intercalating and deintercalating lithium ions and a negative electrode including a negative electrode active material capable of intercalating and deintercalating lithium ions are formed through the intermediary of an electrolyte, wherein: the negative electrode active material is a carbon material having a crystallinity of the surface thereof lower than the crystallinity of the carbon material; and the electrolyte contains an organic compound having a carboxylic anhydride group.

Abstract: Disclosed are nonaqueous electrolyte additives, which can improve the safety of a battery upon overcharge of the battery without reducing the performance of the battery, as well as a nonaqueous electrolyte comprising the additives, and a lithium secondary battery comprising the nonaqueous electrolyte. More particularly, disclosed are a nonaqueous electrolyte comprising both fluorobiphenyl and fluorotoluene as additives, and a lithium secondary battery comprising the nonaqueous electrolyte.

Abstract: A nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery of the invention has a positive electrode having a positive electrode active material, a negative electrode, and a nonaqueous electrolyte having electrolyte salt in a nonaqueous solvent. The electric potential of the positive electrode active material is 4.4 to 4.6 V relative to lithium, and the nonaqueous electrolyte contains a compound expressed by structural formula (I) below. The quantity of compound added is preferably 0.1% to 2% by mass. Also, the positive electrode active material preferably comprises a mixture of a lithium-cobalt composite oxide which is LiCoO2 containing at least both zirconium and magnesium and a lithium-manganese-nickel composite oxide that has a layer structure and contains at least both manganese and nickel. Thanks to such structure, a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery can be provided that is charged to charging termination potential of 4.4 to 4.6 V relative to lithium and that has enhanced overcharging safety.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electrolyte for batteries, comprising: (a) an electrolyte salt; (b) an organic solvent; (c) a first compound having an oxidation initiation voltage (vs. Li/Li+) higher than the operating voltage of a cathode; and (d) a second reversible compound having an oxidation initiation voltage higher than the operating voltage of the cathode, but lower than the oxidation initiation voltage of the first compound. Also disclosed is a lithium secondary battery comprising said electrolyte. In the lithium secondary battery, two compounds having different safety improvement actions at a voltage higher than the operating voltage of the cathode are used in combination as electrolyte components. Thus, the safety of the secondary battery in an overcharged state can be ensured, and at the same time, the deterioration of the battery can be prevented from occurring when it is repeatedly cycled, continuously charged and stored at high temperature for a long time.

Abstract: The present invention is an electrolyte for a lithium ion rechargeable battery and a lithium ion rechargeable battery that includes the same. More particularly, the present invention discloses an electrolyte for a lithium ion rechargeable battery that provides excellent cycle life characteristics and high-temperatures storage stability and prevents a drop in discharge capacity of a battery at low temperature, and a lithium ion rechargeable battery including the same. The lithium ion rechargeable battery including the electrolyte provides improved cycle life characteristics and prevents the problems of a drop in discharge capacity at low temperature and high-temperature swelling through the formation of a stable SEI film at the initial charge cycle.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electrolyte for a rechargeable lithium battery including 5 to 40 volume % of at least one fluorine-substituted ether compound represented by R1—O—R2 (wherein R1 and R2 are alkyl groups substituted with fluorine), having a substitution ratio of hydrogen with fluorine of 57 to 86%, a viscosity of 0.9 to 2.3 cp, and a boiling point of at least 88° C., and 60 to 90 volume % of a non-aqueous organic solvent having a flash point of at least 80° C.

Abstract: A battery with a high capacity and superior cycle characteristics, and an anode active material used for it are provided. An anode active material contains tin as a first element, a second element, and a third element. The second element is at least one from the group consisting of boron, carbon, aluminum, and phosphorus, and the third element is at least one from the group consisting of silicon, magnesium, titanium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, gallium, zirconium, niobium, molybdenum, silver, indium, cerium, hafnium, tantalum, tungsten, and bismuth. The content of the second element in the anode active material is from 9.8 wt % to 49 wt %.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a battery of high capacity that is excellent in storage, load, cycle, and continuous charge characteristics and that reduces gas generation; and a nonaqueous electrolyte for use in the battery. The invention relates to a nonaqueous electrolyte which comprises a nonaqueous organic solvent and a lithium salt dissolved therein, wherein the nonaqueous organic solvent contains at least one compound selected from the group consisting of acid anhydrides and carbonic esters having an unsaturated bond, and at least one compound selected from the group consisting of sulfonic compounds and fluorine-containing aromatic compounds having 9 carbon atoms or less; and a lithium secondary battery employing the same.

Abstract: A solid polymer electrolyte, a lithium battery employing the same, and methods of forming the electrolyte and the lithium battery. The polymer electrolyte includes polyester (meth)acrylate having a polyester polyol moiety having three or more hydroxide (—OH) groups, at least one hydroxde group being substituted by a (meth)acrylic ester group and at least one hydroxide group being substituted by a radical non-reactive group, or its polymer, a peroxide having 6 to 40 carbon atoms, and an electrolytic solution including a lithium salt and an organic solvent.

Abstract: An electrolyte of a lithium secondary battery includes lithium salts, an organic solvent with a high boiling point, and a carbonate-based additive compound having substituents selected from the group consisting of a halogen, a cyano (CN), and a nitro (NO2). The electrolyte improves discharge, low temperature, and cycle life characteristics of a lithium secondary battery.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a non-aqueous electrolyte additive for improving safety and a lithium secondary battery comprising the same, and more particularly to a non-aqueous electrolyte additive that can improve cycle life and safety properties of a lithium ion secondary battery. According to the present invention, an organometallic compound represented by the Chemical Formula 1 is added to a non-aqueous electrolyte of a battery as an additive, and thus if a battery voltage is out of normal operation voltage range due to a short circuit and overcharge of a battery, etc., the non-aqueous electrolyte additive decomposes and a part of the decomposed additive polymerizes to form an insulating film on a cathode surface, and a part of the metal reacts with an insulating film formed on a cathode surface to improve thermal stability of the battery, thereby improving safety of the battery.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a non-aqueous electrolyte additive for improving safety and a lithium secondary battery comprising the same, and more particularly to a non-aqueous electrolyte additive that can improve cycle life and safety properties of a lithium ion secondary battery. According to the present invention, an organometallic compound represented by the Chemical Formula 1 is added to a non-aqueous electrolyte of a battery as an additive, and thus if a battery voltage is out of normal operation voltage range due to a short circuit and overcharge of a battery, etc., the non-aqueous electrolyte additive decomposes and a part of the decomposed additive polymerizes to form an insulating film on a cathode surface, and a part of the metal reacts with an insulating film formed on a cathode surface to improve thermal stability of the battery, thereby improving safety of the battery.

Abstract: An organic electrolytic solution includes a lithium salt and an organic solvent containing a phosphonate compound, and a lithium battery utilizes the organic electrolytic solution. When using the organic electrolyte containing the phosphonate compound to manufacture a lithium secondary battery, the lithium secondary battery has improved stability to reduction-induced decomposition, reduced first cycle irreversible capacity, and improved charging/discharging efficiency and lifespan. In addition, the lithium secondary battery does not swell beyond a predetermined thickness range after formation and standard charging at room temperature and has improved reliability. Even when the lithium secondary battery swells seriously at a high temperature, its capacity is high enough for practical applications. The capacity of the lithium secondary battery may substantially be recovered after being left at a high temperature.

Abstract: An electrolyte for a lithium battery includes a non-aqueous organic solvent, a lithium salt, and an additive comprising a) a compound represented by the following Formula (1), and b) a compound selected from the group consisting of a sulfone-based compound, a poly(ester)(metha)acrylate, a polymer of poly(ester)(metha)acrylate, and a mixture thereof: wherein R1 is a C1 to C10 alkyl, a C1 to C10 alkoxy, or a C6 to C10 aryl, and preferably a methyl, ethyl, or methoxy, X is a halogen, and m and n are integers ranging from 1 to 5, where m+n is less than or equal to 6.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electrochemical cell comprising a lithium anode and a sulfur-containing cathode and a non-aqueous electrolyte solvent. In the fully charged state of the cell the concentration of lithium ions is preferably less than 0.3 M. The cell delivers high discharge capacity at discharge rates, for example, C/5, over temperatures ranges of from +25° C. to ?20° C. Also disclosed is a battery including an electrochemical cell according to the invention and a device that utilizes such a battery to derive power.

Abstract: A subject for the invention is to provide an electrolyte solution and a secondary battery which are prevented from causing or suffering battery performance deterioration in high-temperature storage or high-temperature trickle charge. The invention relates to a nonaqueous electrolyte solution for a secondary battery which comprises solute, phosphinic ester compound, and nonaqueous organic solvent containing these, characterized in that the content of the phosphinic ester compound has been regulated to a specific amount based on the total weight of the nonaqueous electrolyte solution.

Abstract: The invention provides an electrolytic solution and a battery, which can sufficiently improve cycle characteristics. The battery comprises an electrode winding body, wherein a cathode and an anode are layered and wound sandwiching a separator inside a battery can. The electrolytic solution is impregnated in the separator. The electrolytic solution contains a high dielectric constant solvent comprised of at least either ethylene carbonate or propylene carbonate; dimethyl carbonate; and diphenyl carbonate at a mass ratio of 5 to 40:58 to 93: more than 0 to 5.

Abstract: A battery wherein a cathode and an anode are layered and wound with a separator and an electrolyte in between them. The electrolyte is formed by firstly forming a coating layer containing a high molecular weight compound, a high viscosity solvent having a boiling point of more than 150° C., and an electrolyte salt on the cathode and the anode, and then injecting an injection solution containing a low viscosity solvent having a boiling point of 150° C., or less in the coating layer. A concentration of the low viscosity solvent in the electrolyte changes in the facing direction of the cathode and the anode. The concentration of the low viscosity solvent in the electrolyte is higher between the cathode and the anode, than on the cathode side and the anode side. Therefore, a diffusion rate of lithium ions is raised, and overvoltage is reduced.

Abstract: A non-aqueous electrolyte battery is provided, which exhibits good high-rate discharge characteristics and low-temperature characteristics and ensures high safety when the negative electrode contains 0.6 to 1.7 parts by weight of a particulate modified styrene-butadiene rubber as a binder and 0.7 to 1.2 parts by weight of a thickening agent so that the total amount of the binder and thickening agent is 1.3 to 2.4 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of a carbon material as an active material, and the concentration of LiPF6 in the non-aqueous electrolyte is 0.6 to 1.05 mole/liter. The surface area of the active material effectively contributable to charging and discharging reaction is sufficient when the surface area of the carbon material per 1 g of the binder contained in the negative electrode is 300 to 600 m2.

Abstract: A non-aqueous electrolyte battery is provided, which exhibits good high-rate discharge characteristics and low-temperature characteristics and ensures high safety when the negative electrode contains 0.6 to 1.7 parts by weight of a particulate modified styrene-butadiene rubber as a binder and 0.7 to 1.2 parts by weight of a thickening agent so that the total amount of the binder and thickening agent is 1.3 to 2.4 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of a carbon material as an active material, and the concentration of LiPF6 in the non-aqueous electrolyte is 0.6 to 1.05 mole/liter. The surface area of the active material effectively contributable to charging and discharging reaction is sufficient when the surface area of the carbon material per 1 g of the binder contained in the negative electrode is 300 to 600 m2.

Abstract: A non-aqueous electrolyte solution that contains an organic solvent, and a lithium salt and an electrolyte, that is useful for the preparation of a secondary battery that is equipped with a negative electrode and a positive electrode, each of which is capable of storing and releasing lithium, wherein the non-aqueous electrolyte solution contains partially hydrogenated terphenyl that is a mixture of two or more compounds of which one is diphenylcyclohexane that is present in an amount ranging from 10 to 65 wt % of the partially hydrogenated terphenyl and the partially hydrogenated terphenyl has a solubility of not less than 0.5 wt % in the electrolyte solution at room temperature.

Abstract: A nonaqueous electrolytic solution and a lithium battery employing the same include a lithium salt, an organic solvent, and a halogenated benzene compound. The use of the nonaqueous electrolytic solution causes formation of a polymer by oxidative decomposition of the electrolytic solution even if a sharp voltage increase occurs due to overcharging of the battery, leading to consumption of an overcharge current, thus protecting the battery.

Abstract: An organic electrolytic solution and a lithium secondary battery employing the same, wherein the organic electrolytic solution for a lithium secondary battery includes a polymer adsorbent having an ethylene oxide chain capable of being adsorbed into a lithium metal, a material capable of reacting with lithium to form a lithium alloy, a lithium salt, and an organic solvent. The organic electrolytic solution may be applied to all types of batteries including lithium ion batteries, lithium polymer batteries and lithium metal polymer batteries using a lithium metal for a negative electrode material, and the like. In particular, when the organic electrolytic solution is utilized in a lithium metal polymer battery, it serves to stabilize the lithium metal, and to increase the lithium ionic conductivity, thereby improving the cycle characteristics and charging/discharging efficiency of the battery.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide such a battery that has a high capacity, is excellent in storage characteristics, cycle characteristics and continuous charging characteristics, and is small in gas generation amount, whereby size reduction and improvement in performance of a lithium secondary battery can be attained. The present invention relates to a nonaqueous electrolytic solution comprising a lithium salt and a nonaqueous solvent dissolving the same, wherein the electrolytic solution contains, as the lithium salt, LiPF6 in a concentration of from 0.2 to 2 mole/L, and LiBF4 and/or a compound represented by the following formula (1) in a molar ratio of from 0.005 to 0.4 with respect to LiPF6, and the nonaqueous solvent mainly comprises (1) ethylene carbonate and/or propylene carbonate, (2-1) a symmetric linear carbonate, (2-2) an asymmetric linear carbonate, and (3) vinylene carbonate.

Abstract: The present invention provides a lithium secondary battery comprising a nonaqueous electrolytic solution containing a compound which is oxidized at a voltage higher than a charge end voltage of the lithium secondary battery and a compound which inhibits reactions at voltages lower than said charge end voltage.

Abstract: The present invention provides an additive which is able to make a non-aqueous-electrolyte secondary cell or a non-aqueous electrolyte electric double layer capacitor which is excellent in low-temperature characteristics, while maintaining a necessary cell properties, and a non-aqueous-electrolyte secondary cell or a non-aqueous electrolyte electric double layer capacitor that contains therein the additive. The additive contains at least one of tautomers of phosphazene derivatives represented by formulae (1) and (2): wherein R1, R2 and R3 independently represent a monovalent substituent or a halogen element; X represents a substituent containing at least one selected from a group of carbon, silicon, germanium, tin, nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, bismuth, oxygen, sulfur, selenium, tellurium and polonium; and Y1 and Y2 independently represent a divalent connecting group, a divalent element or a single bond.

Abstract: An electrolyte for a lithium secondary battery comprises lithium salts, a non-aqueous organic solvent, and an additive compound of formula (1): where R1 to R10 are independently selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, and alkynyl. The additive compound decomposes earlier than organic solvent to form an SEI film, and prevents decomposition of the organic solvent.

Abstract: An electrolyte for a lithium battery is disclosed. The electrolyte includes a non-aqueous organic solvent, a lithium salt, and at least one dioxolane-based additive.

Abstract: A lithium battery with improved safety that utilizes one or more additives in the battery electrolyte solution wherein a lithium salt is dissolved in an organic solvent, which may contain propylene, carbonate. For example, a blend of 2 wt % triphenyl phosphate (TPP), 1 wt % diphenyl monobutyl phosphate (DMP) and 2 wt % vinyl ethylene carbonate additives has been found to significantly enhance the safety and performance of Li-ion batteries using a LiPF6 salt in EC/DEC electrolyte solvent. The invention relates to both the use of individual additives and to blends of additives such as that shown in the above example at concentrations of 1 to 4-wt % in the lithium battery electrolyte. This invention relates to additives that suppress gas evolution in the cell, passivate graphite electrode and protect it from exfoliating in the presence of propylene carbonate solvents in the electrolyte, and retard flames in the lithium batteries.

Abstract: The present invention achieves an increased capacity and prolonged life of nonaqueous electrolyte batteries of the type in which light metals, such as magnesium, calcium or aluminum, are used in the negative electrode. The present invention also provides a thermally stable nonaqueous electrolytic solution for use with such batteries. The nonaqueous electrolyte battery in accordance with the present invention includes a positive electrode; a negative electrode containing at least one element selected from the group consisting of aluminum, calcium and magnesium; and a nonaqueous electrolytic solution composed of a mixed solvent of an organic solvent and an alkyl sulfone having a structure represented by R1R2SO2, where R1 and R2 are each independently an alkyl group, and at least one type of salt selected from the group consisting of aluminum salt, calcium salt and magnesium salt.

Abstract: In an electrolyte of a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery using a cyclic carboxylic-acid ester exerting high conductivity under a low temperature condition, for suppressing reductive decomposition of the cyclic carboxylic acid ester, a cyclic carbonic acid ester having at least one carbon-carbon unsaturated bond is contained, and for suppressing excessive polymerization reaction of the cyclic carbonic acid ester having at least one carbon-carbon unsaturated bond, a cyclic carbonic acid ester having no carbon-carbon unsaturated bond is further contained.

Abstract: An electrolyte for a lithium secondary battery is provided. The electrolyte includes a lithium salt, a non-aqueous organic solvent, and a compound represented by Formula (1): wherein R1, R2, and R3 are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, primary, secondary, and tertiary alkyl groups, alkenyl groups, and aryl groups. The compound of the present invention is decomposed earlier than an electrolytic organic solvent, and an organic SEI film is formed on a negative electrode, thereby inhibiting the electrolytic organic solvent from decomposing.

Abstract: The invention provides an electrochemical cell which includes a first electrode and a second electrode which is a counter electrode to said first electrode, and an electrolyte material interposed there between. The first electrode comprises an electrode active material represented by the general nominal formula Aa[Mm,MIn,MIIo](XY4)dZe, wherein at least one of M, MI and MII is a redox active element, 0<m,n,o?4, and ½[V(MI)+V(MII)]=V(M), wherein V(M) is the valence state of M, V(MI) is the valence state of MI, and V(MII) is the valence state of MII.

Abstract: Batteries including a lithium anode stabilized with a metal-lithium alloy and battery cells comprising such anodes are provided. In one embodiment, an electrochemical cell having an anode and a sulfur electrode including at least one of elemental sulfur, lithium sulfide, and a lithium polysulfide is provided. The anode includes a lithium core and a ternary alloy layer over the lithium core where the ternary alloy comprises lithium and two other metals. The ternary alloy layer is effective to increase cycle life and storageability of the electrochemical cell. In a more particular embodiment, the ternary alloy layer is comprised of lithium, copper and tin.

Abstract: A secondary battery is comprised of a positive electrode, a negative electrode formed from a lithium storage material, and a non-aqueous electrolyte. The non-aqueous electrolyte includes a lithium salt, non-aqueous aprotic solvent(s), such as ethylen carbonate, propylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, ethymethyl carbonate and diethyl carbonate, and a small percentage of at least one organic additive. The negative electrode may comprise a carbon such as graphite, and the positive electrode may comprise a lithiated metal oxide or phosphate, such as LiCoO2, LiNiO2, LiMn2O4, LiFePO4, or mixtures thereof. The organic additives have one or more unsaturated bonds activated with respect to oxidation by electron-pushing alkyl groups. They are in most cases known to be able to undergo polymerization reactions, such as an anodically induced polymerization especially under certain conditions. The additives are oxidized at the cathode at a potential of more than 4.3 V vs. Li/Li+. With these additives in amounts of 0.

Abstract: Non-aqueous electrolyte solutions capable of protecting lithium metal and lithium-inserted carbonaceous electrodes include an electrolyte salt, preferably LiPF6, and a non-aqueous electrolyte solvent mixture comprising at least one of trialkyl phosphites, one or more cyclic or/and linear carbonates, and optionally other additives, such as, gelling agents, ionically conductive solid polymers, and other additives. The trialkyl phosphites have the following general formula: wherein the oxidation number of the phosphorus atom is III (three), R1, R2, and R3 are the same or different, independently selected from linear or branched alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, optionally but not limited to, with one or more of the alkyl substituents being substituted by one or more halogen atoms, preferably fluorine atoms.