Abstract: An electrolyte system for lithium batteries with enhanced safety. The system contains at least one conductive salt containing lithium and at least one electrolyte liquid.

Abstract: The instant invention is to an electrolyte consisting essentially of a salt mixture and a solvent mixture. The solvent mixture consists essentially of ethylene carbonate and dimethyl carbonate and the salt mixture consists of 60-90% lithium tetrafluoroborate and 10-40% lithium hexafluorophosphate. A battery comprising this electrolyte and a method of preparing this electrolyte are exhibited.

Abstract: Silane compounds of the formula SiR1R2R3R4 wherein R1 to R4 are as defined herein are useful as additives in electrolytes for improving the properties of electrochemical cells.

Abstract: A non-aqueous electrolytic solution favorably employable for a lithium secondary battery employs a non-aqueous electrolytic solution which comprises a non-aqueous solvent and an electrolyte which further contains 0.001 to 0.

Abstract: A non-aqueous electrolyte battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a non-aqueous electrolyte, wherein the non-aqueous electrolyte contains boric acid ester as a solvent.

Abstract: The lithium secondary battery of this invention uses a nonaqueous electrolyte including lithium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate as a part or whole of an electrolytic salt. As a result, the lithium secondary battery exhibits better charge-discharge cycle performance than a lithium secondary battery using a conventional lithium salt as the electrolytic salt.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electrolyte for a lithium secondary battery including a non-aqueous organic solvent and 1-alkylphosphonic acid cyclic anhydride of the following Formula (I).

Abstract: The present invention provides a lithium secondary battery comprising a cathode electrode containing a lithium complex oxide; an anode electrode containing metal lithium or its alloy, or carbon material; and a nonaquaeous organic electrolyte containing a nonaquaeous organic solvent, a lithium salt and an aromatic ether that can react to form dimers or polymers above a certain temperature and voltage and that can be expressed by Formula 1 below.

Abstract: A method for producing an electrolyte comprising a salt of an organofluorosilicon compound containing silicon, fluorine and carbon, which comprises the step of reacting an organosilane compound containing at least silicon and carbon, with a fluorine compound in a solvent comprising a nonaqueous solvent as a main component.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an organic electrolyte battery configured by sealing power generating elements comprising an organic electrolyte by a positive can, a negative can and a gasket, wherein said organic electrolyte includes a lithium salt containing a sulfonic acid group as a solute and at least one selected from a group consisting of sulfolane, 3-methyl sulfolane and Tetraglyme as a solvent. The aim of the invention is to provide an organic electrolyte battery having an excellent discharge performance in a low temperature environment and a superior reliability during long term storage, as well as a high temperature resistance which enables the battery to be mounted onto a substrate according to the Reflow method.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with novel polar solvents and novel electrolytic compositions comprising such solvents, and having a high range of stability, as required for applications in the field of electrochemistry. The present solvents have a highly polar amide function, and preferably combine with a salt soluble in the solvent and having an anion with a delocalized charge, and at least one polymer, to form an electrolytic composition.

Abstract: A carbon material is provided having a superior reversibility in lithium intercalation-deintercalation reaction, and a non-aqueous secondary battery is provided which uses the carbon material as an active material for a negative electrode, which has a high energy density and an excellent rapid charging and discharging characteristics. Graphite powder having a maximum particle diameter of less than 100 &mgr;m and an existing fraction of rhombohedral structure in the crystalline structure of less than 20% is used as an active material for the negative electrode of the non-aqueous secondary battery. The graphite powder can be obtained by pulverizing raw graphite with a jet mill, and subsequently treating the powder at a temperature equal to or higher than 900° C.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electrolyte for a lithium secondary battery.

Abstract: A lithium ion electrochemical cell having high charge/discharge capacity, long cycle life and exhibiting a reduced first cycle irreversible capacity, is described. The stated benefits are realized by the addition of at least one phosphonate additive having the formula (R1O)P(═O) (OR2) (R3) provided in the electrolyte. In the phosphonate formula, R3 is a hydrogen atom and wherein at least one, but not both, of R1 and R2 is a hydrogen atom and the other of R1 and R2 is an organic group containing 1 to 13 carbon atoms. Or, at least one of R1 and R2 is an organic group containing at least 3 carbon atoms and having an sp or sp2 hybridized carbon atom bonded to an sp3 hybridized carbon atom bonded to the oxygen atom bonded to the phosphorous atom, or at least one of R1 and R2 is an unsaturated inorganic group.

Abstract: A rechargeable alkali metal electrochemical cell, and preferably a lithium-ion secondary cell, constructed of low magnetic susceptibility materials, is described. The non-magnetic characteristics enable the secondary cell to be used within the confines of a Magnetic Resonance Imaging system. The cell includes an electrolyte solution comprising ethylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, ethylmethyl carbonate and diethyl carbonate.

Abstract: Disclosed are non-flammable electrolyte compositions of the present invention that comprise a mixed solvent comprising carbonate-, thiocarbonate-, and phosphate-based solvents and inorganic additives such as metal compounds or metal halogen compounds. A mixed ratio of carbonate:thiocarbonate:phosphate-based solvent is in the range of 20˜75:5˜30:15˜50. The metal compounds or metal halogen compounds are exemplified by triphenylbismuth carbonate, triphenylbismuth, bismuth subnitrate, bismuth subcarbonate, dimethyl pyrocabonate, diethyl pyrocarbonate, bismuth fluoride, and the like. The inorganic additives are contained in the electrolytes of the present invention in the amounts of about 0.3 to about 5 weight percent of the mixed solvent.

Abstract: A solid polymer electrolyte for an electrochemical cell is prepared by a sol-gel process in which an active metal ion conducting liquid electrolyte, e.g. a lithium-ion electrolyte, containing a salt which is stable in the presence of water, e.g. lithium bisperfluoroethanesulfonimide, LiN(SO2C2F5)2, is admixed in aqueous solution with an alkoxide, e.g. silica alkoxide, to form a liquid precursor which is added to the electrochemical cell between the anode and cathode thereof and allowed to solidify in situ to form the solid electroyte.

Abstract: A lithium ion electrochemical cell having high charge/discharge capacity, long cycle life and exhibiting a reduced first cycle irreversible capacity, is described. The stated benefits are realized by the addition of at least one dicarbonate additive to an electrolyte comprising an alkali metal salt dissolved in a solvent mixture that includes ethylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, ethylmethyl carbonate and diethyl carbonate. The preferred additive is an alkyl dicarbonate compound.

Abstract: The invention encompasses battery electrolytes and batteries. In one aspect, the invention encompasses a battery electrolyte which includes the lithium salts, LiN(CF3SO2)2, and LiCF3SO3 in a solvent blend comprising ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, and 1,2-dimethoxyethane. In another aspect, the invention encompasses a battery. The battery includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and an electrolyte between the first and second electrodes. The electrolyte comprises these lithium salts in a solvent blend comprising ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, and 1,2-dimethoxyethane. In yet another aspect, the invention encompasses another embodiment of a battery. The battery includes a cathode comprising at least one of MnO2 and (CF)x, and an anode comprising lithium. The battery further includes a non-aqueous electrolyte between the cathode and the anode.

Abstract: A battery excellent in high temperature storage characteristic is presented. It comprises a positive electrode having a positive electrode active material containing an transition metal complex oxide containing lithium , a negative electrode containing a negative electrode material capable of storing and releasing a lithium ion, and an electrolytic solution containing a nonaqueous solvent, an electrolyte, and an organic compound expressed in formula 1. ##STR1## where R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5, and R.sub.6 have individually at least one of H and a group containing a vinyl group, and the number of H substituent is four or less.

Abstract: There is disclosed a nonaqueous-electrolytic solution secondary battery that comprises a negative-electrode material, a positive-electrode material, and a nonaqueous electrolytic solution containing a lithium salt, wherein the battery contains an organoboron compound. This nonaqueous-electrolytic solution secondary battery has high capacity and good charge and discharge cycle characteristics.

Abstract: An alkali metal secondary electrochemical cell, and preferably a lithium ion cell, activated with a quaternary solvent system, is described. The solvent system comprises a quaternary mixture of dialkyl carbonates and cyclic carbonates, and preferably dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, ethylmethyl carbonate and ethylene carbonate. Lithium ion cells activated with this electrolyte have good room temperature cycling characteristics and excellent low temperature discharge behavior.

Abstract: A non-aqueous secondary cell having a positive electrode, an electrolytic solution which contains an organic solvent, and a negative electrode which is made of a carbon material having a ratio of I.sub.O to I.sub.C at least 2, where I.sub.O is a peak intensity of oxygen atoms around 530-540 eV and I.sub.C is a peak intensity of carbon atoms around 285 eV in a photoelectron spectrum of an X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy under conditions of 12 kV and 10 mA, which cell has a small retention, a large capacity, and safety against ignition.

Abstract: A method for stabilizing an electrolyte for use in a redox cell, in particular for stabilizing an electrolyte for use in an all-vanadium redox cell, a stabilized electrolyte, in particular an all-vanadium stabilized electrolyte, a redox cell, in particular an all-vanadium redox cell, comprising the stabilized electrolyte, a redox battery, in particular an all-vanadium redox battery, comprising the stabilized electrolyte, a process for recharging a discharged or partially discharged redox battery, in particular an all-vanadium redox battery, comprising the stabilized electrolyte, and a process for the production of electricity from a charged redox battery, and in particular a charged all-vanadium redox battery, comprising the stabilized electrolyte are disclosed. Also disclosed are a redox battery/fuel cell and a process for the production of electricity from a redox battery/fuel cell.

Abstract: A non-aqueous electrolyte cell equipped with an anode made of a carbonaceous material capable of intercalating and deintercalating light metal ions and imparted with high capacity characteristics and favorable cyclic properties, wherein the carbonaceous material is obtained by irradiating, in a gaseous atmosphere, an electron beam accelerated in high vacuum. The anode made of a carbonaceous material is subjected to electron beam irradiation at a dose ranging from 300 kGy to 1000 kGy.

Abstract: A nonaqueous battery includes a negative electrode containing a carbon material capable of absorbing/desorbing lithium, metallic lithium or an lithium alloy, a positive electrode containing a chalcogenide and a nonaqueous ionic conductor. The nonaqueous ionic conductor contains a diether compound having ether linkages at 1- and 3-positions, 1- and 4-positions or the 2- and 3-positions of a straight-chain hydrocarbon having four carbon atoms.

Abstract: To obtain a lithium ion secondary battery having excellent charge and discharge characteristics in which electric connection between electrodes can be maintained without requiring a strong armor metal case, so that it can be made into thin forms having large energy density.

Abstract: An electrochemical storage cell or battery including as at least one electrode at least one electrically conductive polymer, the polymer being poly(1,4-bis(2-thienyl)-3-fluorophenylene), poly(1,4-bis(2-thienyl)-2,5-difluorophenylene), poly(1,4-bis(2-thienyl)-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorophenylene), or poly(1,4-bis(2-thienyl)-benzene). These polymeric electrodes have remarkably high charge capacities, and excellent cycling efficiency. The provision of these polymeric electrodes further permits the electrochemical storage cell to be substantially free of metal components, thereby improving handling of the storage cell and obviating safety and environmental concerns associated with alternative secondary battery technology.

Abstract: An alkali metal, solid cathode, nonaqueous electrochemical cell capable of delivering high current pulses, rapidly recovering its open circuit voltage and having high current capacity, is described. The stated benefits are realized by the addition of hydrogen fluoride to the nonaqueous electrolyte comprising an alkali metal salt dissolved in a mixture of a low viscosity solvent and a high permittivity solvent. A preferred solvent mixture includes propylene carbonate, dimethoxyethane and hydrogen fluoride having LiAsF.sub.6 or LiPF.sub.6 dissolved therein.

Abstract: A current collector in the form of a conductive substrate subjected to a special chemical etch on both major surfaces to provide a "basket weave" structure, is described. The basket weave structures has a lattice construction surrounded by a frame and comprising first strand structures intersecting second strand structures to provide a plurality of diamond-shaped openings or interstices bordered by the strands. The strand structures intersect or join with each other at junctions thereby forming the current collector as an integral unit.

Abstract: Secondary metal ion batteries are fabricated using a working electrolyte that is substantially incompatible with the anode material. This is accomplished by forming an SEI on the anode material at least in part using a compatible (i.e., SEI developing) electrolyte, and including a substantially incompatible (non-SEI forming) composition as the working electrolyte.

Abstract: A nonaqueous electrolytic solution for a battery, which contains a supporting electrolyte which reacts with water to produce an acid; and a complex-forming compound which forms an inert complex by reacting with water and a supporting electrolyte to prevent acid generation.

Abstract: An alkali metal, solid cathode, nonaqueous electrochemical cell capable of delivering high current pulses, rapidly recovering its open circuit voltage and having high current capacity, is described. The stated benefits are realized by the addition of at least one phosphate additive to an electrolyte comprising an alkali metal salt dissolved in a mixture of a low viscosity solvent and a high permittivity solvent. A preferred solvent mixture includes propylene carbonate, dimethoxyethane and an alkyl phosphate additive.

Abstract: An alkali metal, solid cathode, nonaqueous electrochemical cell capable of delivering high current pulses, rapidly recovering its open circuit voltage and having high current capacity, is described. The stated benefits are realized by the addition of at least one dicarbonate additive to an electrolyte comprising an alkali metal salt dissolved in a mixture of a low viscosity solvent and a high permittivity solvent. A preferred solvent mixture includes propylene carbonate, dimethoxyethane and an alkyl dicarbonate additive.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a lithium ion electrolytic cell having a controlled electrode surface interface, and, an associated electrochemical process. The lithium ion electrolytic cell includes an electrode with a carbonaceous surface and a passivating layer, and, an electrolyte having a solvent. The passivating layer includes lithium, carbon and at least one of an additive or the product of interaction of the additive with the carbonaceous surface. The passivating layer has, as measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, a relative thickness index within the range of about from 10 to about 90, and a lithium ion content index in the range from about 0.1 to about 0.7.

Abstract: An ion-conductor for a lithium secondary battery comprising at least an electrolyte and an additive;wherein the additive contains at least one kind of imido compound selected from the group consisting of compounds of the general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein Z is an optionally substituted alkylene group having 2 to 7 carbon atoms represented by the formula --(CH.sub.2).sub.n -- (n is an integer from 2 to 7), an optionally substituted 1,2-cyclohexylene group or an optionally substituted 1,2-phenylene group; and X is a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted alkyl group, or an optionally substituted aralkylcarbonyl group.

Abstract: An electric double layer capacitor including electrodes made of carbon material as the main component, and an electrolyte capable of forming an electric double layer at the interface with the electrodes, wherein the electrolyte includes an organic type mixed solvent containing propylene carbonate and an asymmetrical chain carbonic acid ester represented by the general formula R.sup.1 OC(.dbd.O)OR.sup.2, wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are mutually different monovalent organic groups, and a solute comprising a quaternary onium salt.

Abstract: A secondary, lithium-ion electrochemical cell having improved properties and a method for providing a secondary, lithium-ion electrochemical cell having the same. Specifically, the invention relates to a method for reducing and/or preventing the exfoliation of the graphitic carbonaceous electrode of a lithium-ion cell, wherein the exfoliation is caused by the intercalation of electrolyte solvent along with lithium ion into the graphitic carbonaceous electrode. This method is accomplished by adding one or more chelating polyamines to the electrolyte solution of the lithium-ion cell. The novel method and the improved lithium-ion cell are claimed herein.