Abstract: A method of production of a channel member for fuel cell use comprising a step of obtaining a sheet-shaped first conductor part 11 containing a carbon material of at least one of carbon nanotubes, granular graphite, and carbon fibers and a first resin, a step of laying a sheet-shaped second conductor part 21 containing a carbon material and a second resin with a lower melting point than the first resin to form a sheet-shaped base part 13, a step of transferring a grooved surface 51 to a surface to form a grooved base part 16 provided with groove part 15, a step of laying a sheet-shaped third conductor part 31 containing a carbon material and a third resin with a lower melting point than the first resin, and a step of integrally joining the grooved base part and the third conductor part by hot melt bonding to cover the groove parts.

Abstract: A gas passage forming body for a fuel battery includes gas passages and water guide passages. A communication passage is arranged between one of the water guide passages and a gas passage that is adjacent to the water guide passage and is in communication with the adjacent gas passage and water guide passage to permit water to move therethrough. An aid portion is arranged at water drainage ends of two adjacent ones of the water guide passages and aids bonding of water drained from the water drainage ends of the two adjacent ones of the water guide passages. Thus, water drainage from the water guide passages of the gas passage forming body is improved, and water in the gas passages is reduced. As a result, the battery performance of the fuel battery is improved due to an improvement in gas diffusion.

Abstract: A symmetric hybrid supercapacitor has two internally hybridized electrodes having both faradic and capacitatively active materials. More specifically, the symmetric hybrid supercapacitor has a cathode and an anode. The cathode contains LiMnxFe1-xPO4. The LiMnxFe1-xPO4 is used as electrode material for the hybrid supercapacitor. The condition applies that 0.1<x<0.9.

Abstract: An electrical power system for an aircraft including a turbine engine coupled to the aircraft and providing propulsive thrust and emitting heat during operation to define a high temperature source, a cryogenic fuel system located within the aircraft and providing fuel for the turbine and emitting heat at a lower temperature than the heat from the turbine engine to define a low temperature source and an electrical power generator located on the aircraft and having a thermodynamic generator using the temperature difference to generate electrical power and a method for producing electric power.

Abstract: A method to manufacture an ion exchange membrane involves treatment of the membrane in a strong base to strengthen the membrane, decrease the membrane solubility, and create linkages that can be detected by analysis using two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR).

Abstract: A composition of matter is disclosed which is a perovskite having a composition A2?xA?xB2?yB?yO6??, where A is a praseodymium (Pr) element at the A-site of the perovskite, A? is a strontium (Sr) element at the A-site of the perovskite, B is a cobalt (Co) element at the B-site of the perovskite, and B? is a manganese (Mn) element at the B-site of the perovskite, and where 0<x ?1 and 0<y<2. Also disclosed is an electrode material Conformally coated with the composition of matter. Also disclosed are methods of producing the composition of matter and conformally coating the electrode material. Also disclosed an electrode is conformally coated with a praseodymium strontium manganese perovskite and a method for the coating.

Abstract: A method for making a fibrous layer for fuel cell applications includes a step of combining a perfluorocyclobutyl-containing resin with a water soluble carrier resin to form a resinous mixture. The resinous mixture is then shaped to form a shaped resinous mixture. The shaped resinous mixture includes perfluorocyclobutyl-containing structures within the carrier resin. The shaped resinous mixture is contacted (i.e., washed) with water to separate the perfluorocyclobutyl-containing structures from the carrier resin. Optional protogenic groups and then a catalyst are added to the perfluorocyclobutyl-containing structures.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a process for the synthesis of nitrogen-doped carbon electrocatalyst with good electrochemical stability and fuel tolerance for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) by pyrolysis of protein-rich pulse flour cooked with SiO2 nanoparticles.

Abstract: An anion-conducting polymeric membrane comprises a terpolymer of styrene, vinylbenzyl-Rs and vinylbenzyl-Rx. Rs is a positively charged cyclic amine group. Rx is at least one constituent selected from the group consisting Cl, OH and a reaction product between an OH or Cl and a species other than a simple amine or a cyclic amine. The total weight of the vinylbenzyl-Rx groups is greater than 0.3% of the total weight of the membrane. In a preferred embodiment, the membrane is a Helper Membrane that increases the faradaic efficiency of an electrochemical cell into which the membrane is incorporated, and also allows product formation at lower voltages than in cells without the Helper Membrane.

Abstract: Disclosed is a homogeneous catalyst having a single phase of Perovskite oxide, wherein at least one doping element is substituted at site A, site B or sites A and B in ABO3 Perovskite type oxide so that the wettability with a liquid molten carbonate electrolyte may be decreased. The catalyst may have high catalytic activity, inhibit catalyst poisoning caused by creepage and evaporation of a liquid molten carbonate electrolyte, maintain high reaction activity for a long time, provide high methane conversion, and allow production of synthetic gas having a high proportion of hydrogen.

Abstract: Capacitors having electrodes made of interconnected corrugated carbon-based networks (ICCNs) are disclosed. The ICCN electrodes have properties that include high surface area and high electrical conductivity. Moreover, the electrodes are fabricated into an interdigital planar geometry with dimensions that range down to a sub-micron scale. As such, micro-supercapacitors employing ICCN electrodes are fabricated on flexible substrates for realizing flexible electronics and on-chip applications that can be integrated with micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) technology and complementary metal oxide semiconductor technology in a single chip. In addition, capacitors fabricated of ICCN electrodes that sandwich an ion porous separator realize relatively thin and flexible supercapacitors that provide compact and lightweight yet high density energy storage for scalable applications.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to the deposition of conductive titanium oxide films by atomic layer deposition processes. Amorphous doped titanium oxide films are deposited by ALD processes comprising titanium oxide deposition cycles and dopant oxide deposition cycles and are subsequently annealed to produce a conductive crystalline anatase film. Doped titanium oxide films may also be deposited by first depositing a doped titanium nitride thin film by ALD processes comprising titanium nitride deposition cycles and dopant nitride deposition cycles and subsequently oxidizing the nitride film to form a doped titanium oxide film. The doped titanium oxide films may be used, for example, in capacitor structures.

Abstract: A fuel cell includes an anode, a solid electrolyte layer, a barrier layer, and a cathode. The anode includes a transition metal and an oxygen ion conductive material. In the interface region within 3 micrometers from the interface with the solid electrolyte layer of the anode after reduction, the content rate of silicon is less than or equal to 200 ppm, the content rate of phosphorous is less than or equal to 50 ppm, the content rate of chromium is less than or equal to 100 ppm, the content rate of boron is less than or equal to 100 ppm, and the content rate of sulfur is less than or equal to 100 ppm.

Abstract: Provided is a fuel cell catalyst layer which has a catalytic performance equivalent to or higher than fuel cell catalyst layers containing platinum alone and which is inexpensive. The fuel cell catalyst layer of the present invention includes a metal oxycarbonitride-containing layer (I) and a platinum-containing layer (II). It is preferable that the mass ratio per unit area of the metal oxycarbonitride in the layer (I) to platinum in the layer (II) (metal oxycarbonitride/platinum) is 2 to 500. It is preferable that the mass per unit area of platinum in the layer (II) is 0.005 to 0.2 mg/cm2.

Abstract: Provided is an electrode catalyst that can exhibit sufficient performance, is suitable for mass production, and is suitable for reducing production costs, even when containing a relatively high concentration of chlorine. The electrode catalyst has a core-shell structure including a support; a core part that is formed on the support; and a shell part that is formed so as to cover at least one portion of the surface of the core part. The electrode catalyst concurrently fulfills conditions expressed by the following formulae (1) and (2): (X1/M)?1.2 . . . (1) (X2/M)?47.0 . . . (2) (in the formula (1) and the formula (2), M represents an amount of substance (number of atoms) of one or more constituent metal elements of the shell part, X1 represents an amount of substance (number of atoms) of bromine (Br), and X2 represents an amount of substance (number of atoms) of chlorine (Cl)).

Abstract: Provided is an electrode catalyst that can exhibit sufficient performance, is suitable for mass production, and is suitable for reducing production costs, even when containing a relatively high concentration of chlorine. The electrode catalyst has a core-shell structure including a support; a core part that is formed on the support; and a shell part that is formed so as to cover at least one portion of the surface of the core part. The electrode catalyst concurrently fulfills conditions expressed by the following formulae (1) and (2): (X1/M)?1.2 . . . (1) (X2/M)?47.0 . . . (2) (in the formula (1) and the formula (2), M represents an amount of substance (number of atoms) of one or more constituent metal elements of the shell part, X1 represents an amount of substance (number of atoms) of bromine (Br), and X2 represents an amount of substance (number of atoms) of chlorine (Cl)).

Abstract: Crosslinked polymers are produced by polymerizing a styrene-based comonomer with a bifunctional styrenated crosslinkable monomer comprising the following straight chain formula: CH2?CH—C6H4—CH2—(OCH2CH2)n—O—CH2—C6H4—CH?CH2. The styrenated crosslinkable monomer can be produced from a two arm polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight between 200 g/mol and 35,000 g/mol. The styrenated crosslinkable monomer can also be produced from a two arm polyethylene oxide having a molecular weight between 100 kg/mol and 800 kg/mol. The styrenated crosslinkable monomer can also be produced from a four arm polyethylene glycol. Polymer electrolyte membranes are produced from the crosslinked polymers.

Abstract: A method of making a molten sodium battery is disclosed. A first metallic interconnect frame having a first interconnect vent hole is provided. A second metallic interconnect frame having a second interconnect vent hole is also provided. An electrolyte plate having a cathode vent hole and an anode vent hole is interposed between the metallic interconnect frames. The metallic interconnect frames and the electrolyte plate are sealed thereby forming gaseous communication between an anode chamber through the anode vent hole and gaseous communication between a cathode chamber through the cathode vent hole.

Abstract: A phosphorous containing benzoxazine-based monomer, or a polymer thereof.

Abstract: A cathode for a fuel cell includes a gas diffusion layer contacting with a separator having a channel and a catalyst layer interposed between the gas diffusion layer and an electrolyte membrane. The catalyst layer of the cathode has two portions with different water-repelling properties, and a portion of the catalyst layer that does not face a channel has a higher water-repelling property than a portion that faces a channel. This cathode controls a water-repelling property of the catalyst layer differently according to locations, so it is possible to keep an amount of moisture in an electrode in a suitable way and to restrain generation of flooding, thereby improving the performance of the cell.

Abstract: This invention provides a redox fuel cell comprising an anode and a cathode separated by an ion selective polymer electrolyte membrane; means for supplying a fuel to the anode region of the cell; means for supplying an oxidant to the cathode region of the cell; means for providing an electrical circuit between the anode and the cathode; a non-volatile catholyte solution flowing fluid communication with the cathode, the catholyte solution comprising a polyoxometallate redox couple being at least partially reduced at the cathode in operation of the cell, and at least partially re-generated by reaction with the oxidant after such reduction at the cathode, the catholyte solution comprising at least one counterion for the polyoxometallate redox couple wherein the at least one counterion comprises one or more divalent ions.

Abstract: To an internal vessel that houses cells of a solid oxide fuel cell, an external vessel is further disposed. In the internal vessel, a plurality of planar cells is disposed vertically with a gap between the cells, a mixed gas of a fuel and air is descended from top down through the gap having a predetermined width between the cells, and, at a bottom portion of the housing space, the mixed gas is burned to generate electricity.

Abstract: A sealant for forming a seal between at least two solid oxide fuel cell components wherein the sealant comprises a glass material comprising B2O3 as a principal glass former, BaO, and other components and wherein the glass material is substantially alkali-free and contains less than 30% crystalline material.

Abstract: An electric field activated fuel cell. Electrodes have sharp tips and are subjected to electric fields to generate ions. Ion conductive media may include polar solvents, liquid electrolytes, solid electrolytes and nonpolar solvent with phase transfer catalysts. Charge leaks preferentially from sharp electrode surface tips. Ionized fluid atoms and molecules migrate across the ion conductive media, leading to reaction completion and newly formed products.

Abstract: A separator of a fuel cell includes a sandwiching section, first and second bridges connected to the sandwiching section, a fuel gas supply section connected to the first bridge and an oxygen-containing gas supply section connected to the second bridge. The sandwiching section sandwiches an electrolyte electrode assembly, and has a fuel gas channel and an oxygen-containing gas channel separately. In the sandwiching section, a plurality of first projections are arranged in a zigzag pattern in a direction in which the first bridge extends, and the first projections at least protrude toward the fuel gas channel to contact an anode.

Abstract: A monolithic fuel cell device is provided by forming anode and cathode layers by dispensing paste of anode or cathode material around pluralities of spaced-apart removable physical structures to at least partially surround the structures with the anode or cathode material and then drying the paste. An electrolyte layer is provided in a multi-layer stack between the cathode layer and the anode layer thereby forming an active cell portion. The multi-layer stack is laminated, and then the physical structures are pulled out to reveal spaced-apart active passages formed through each of the anode layer and cathode layer. Finally, the laminated stack is sintered to form an active cell comprising the spaced apart active passages embedded in and supported by the sintered anode material and sintered cathode material.

Abstract: The high current density performance of solid polymer electrolyte fuel cells using certain alloy catalyst compositions can be improved via appropriate treatment of the catalyst composition with a fluoro-phosphonic acid compound. In particular, fuel cells employing carbon supported Pt—Co cathode catalyst compositions with relatively high Co content benefit by treating the catalyst composition with 2-(perfluorohexyl) ethyl phosphonic acid.

Abstract: Alignment features and methods for their use are disclosed for purposes of aligning adjacent bipolar plates, and also optionally the membrane electrode assemblies as well as the plates making up the bipolar plates, during assembly of solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell stacks. The alignment features are located within common datum openings and advantageously can be in-plane with the bipolar plates. This provides for improved alignment and manufacturability.

Abstract: On each of upper and lower surfaces of a flat-plate-like support substrate having a longitudinal direction and having fuel gas flow channels formed therein, a plurality of power-generating elements A connected electrically in series are disposed at predetermined intervals along the longitudinal direction. On each of the upper and lower surfaces of the support substrate, a plurality of recesses are formed at predetermined intervals along the longitudinal direction. Each of the recesses is a rectangular-parallelepiped-like depression defined by four side walls arranged in a circumferentially closed manner and a bottom wall. That is, in the support substrate, frames are formed to surround the respective recesses. Fuel electrodes of the power-generating elements A are embedded in the respective recesses.

Abstract: A method for the production of a mechanically stabilized polyazole polymer membrane or film having the following steps: a) providing a membrane or film containing i.) a polyazole with at least one amino group in a repeating unit except the ones obtained by reacting aromatic and/or heteroaromatic diaminocarboxylic acids, ii.) at least one strong acid and iii.) at least one stabilizing reagent, the total content of stabilizing reagents in the membrane or film being within the range of from 0.01 to 30% by weight, b) performing the stabilization reaction in the membrane, immediately or in a subsequent processing step of the membrane, c) optionally doping the membrane obtained in accordance with step b) with a strong acid or concentrating the present strong acid by removal of present water, wherein the stabilizing reagent contains at least one oxazine-based compound and wherein the polyazole polymer has at least 1.8 dl/g intrinsic viscosity.

Abstract: This disclosure related to polymer electrolyte member fuel cells and components thereof.

Abstract: Proton exchange membrane compositions having high proton conductivity are provided. The proton exchange membrane composition includes a hyper-branched polymer, wherein the hyper-branched polymer has a DB (degree of branching) of more than 0.5. A polymer with high ion conductivity is distributed uniformly over the hyper-branched polymer, wherein the hyper-branched polymer has a weight ratio equal to or more than 5 wt %, based on the solid content of the proton exchange membrane composition.

Abstract: A fuel cell includes a chromium-containing metal support, a ceramic electrode layer on the metal support and an electroconductive ceramic layer between the chromium-containing metal support and the ceramic electrode layer. The electroconductive ceramic layer includes a ceramic material selected from lanthanum-doped strontium titanate and perovskite oxides.

Abstract: New proton conducting membranes are made of perfluorosulfonic acid polymers films that have been treated by exposing them to a chlorosulfonating agent. The membranes are used as a proton exchange membrane in PEM fuel cells operating at temperatures above 95° C., or at low relative humidity. In various embodiments, the treated films have superior physical properties such as tensile strength, when compared to an untreated film. In some embodiments, the ion exchange capacity (IEC) of the treated films is increased.

Abstract: A solid electrolyte including a layered metal oxide represented by the formula (1), (La1-xAx)(Sr1-yBy)3(Co1-zCz)3O10-???(1) [wherein A represents a rare earth element other than La; B represents Mg, Ca, or Ba; C represents Ti, V, Cr, or Mn; 0?x<1, 0?y<1, 0?z<1; and ? represents an oxygen deficiency amount].

Abstract: An electrical conductive member includes: an electrical conductive structure including: a substrate; an electrical conductive carbon layer provided on at least one surface of the substrate and containing electrical conductive carbon; and a middle layer interposed between the substrate and the electrical conductive carbon layer. An intensity ratio R (ID/IG) of a D-band peak intensity (ID) to a G-band peak intensity (IG) measured by a Raman scattering spectroscopic analysis in the electrical conductive carbon layer is between 1.4 and 1.9.

Abstract: A repeat unit for a fuel cell stack, the repeat unit having: a conductive interconnect plate; an electrolyte-supported fuel cell, wherein a dense sealing perimeter extends around the entire perimeter of the fuel cell; a cathode gasket adjacent the cathode side of the fuel cell; and an anode gasket adjacent the anode side of the fuel cell. First and second air manifolding ports, and first and second fuel manifolding ports are provided in each of the interconnect plate, dense sealing perimeter of the fuel cell, cathode gasket and anode gasket. An SOFC stack having an aligned stack of a plurality of repeat units is also provided, as well as an SOFC stack configured for cascade fuel flow.

Abstract: In a method for fabrication of an electrochemical energy converter, cermet composition layers (2A), (2B) are applied on both sides of a central ceramic plate (1), channels (3A), (3B) are made in the cermet composition layers (2A), (2B), then the channels (3A), (3B) on both sides of the plate are covered with cermet composition layers (4A), (4B). Afterwards, both sides of the ceramic structure are overlaid with conductive structures (5A), (5B) and then with subsequent layers of the cermet composition (6A), (6B) containing nickel, then both sides of the ceramic structure are overlaid with: layers constituting the solid electrolyte (7A), (7B), layers constituting electrodes (8A), (8B) and contact layers (9A), (9B).

Abstract: A solid oxide fuel cell has a stack structure in which sheet bodies and separators for separating air and fuel gas are stacked in alternating layers. Each of the sheet bodies includes an electrolyte layer, a fuel electrode layer formed on the upper surface of the electrolyte layer, and an air electrode layer formed on the lower surface of the electrolyte layer, wherein these layers are stacked and fired in such a manner that the electrolyte layer is sandwiched between the fuel electrode layer and the air electrode layer. The thickness of the electrolyte layer is 0.3 ?m or more and 5 ?m or less, and the electrolyte layer is composed of a single particle of YSZ in the thickness direction. Thus, the electrolyte layer is extremely thin, and further, the grain boundary in the thickness direction is small. Accordingly, the IR loss (electric resistance) of the electrolyte layer can remarkably be reduced.

Abstract: The multi-section cathode air heat exchanger (102) includes at least a first heat exchanger section (104), and a fixed contact oxidation catalyzed section (126) secured adjacent each other in a stack association. Cool cathode inlet air flows through cool air channels (110) of the at least first (104) and oxidation catalyzed sections (126). Hot anode exhaust flows through hot air channels (124) of the oxidation catalyzed section (126) and is combusted therein. The combusted anode exhaust then flows through hot air channels (112) of the first section (104) of the cathode air heat exchanger (102). The cool and hot air channels (110, 112) are secured in direct heat exchange relationship with each other so that temperatures of the heat exchanger (102) do not exceed 800° C. to minimize requirements for using expensive, high-temperature alloys.

Abstract: The current invention provides a fabrication method for large surface area, pinhole-free, ultra thin ion conducting membranes using atomic layer deposition on inexpensive sacrificial substrates to make cost effective, high performance fuel cells or electrolyzers. The resultant membrane electrode assembly (MEA) enables significant reduction in resistive losses as well as lowering of the operating temperature of the fuel cell. The invention further provides a method to deposit 3-dimensional surface conformal films that may have compositional grading for superior performance. In addition, the invention provides decoration and modification of electrode surfaces for enhanced catalytic activity and reduced polarization losses. The method of the current invention enables the MEA structure to be fabricated from the anode side up or the cathode side up, each with or without an incorporated anode current collector or cathode current collector, respectively.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of producing a multilayer barrier structure in a solid oxide cell stack, comprising the steps of: —providing a metal interconnect; —applying a first metal oxide layer on said metal interconnect; —applying a second metal oxide layer on top of said first metal oxide layer; —applying a third metal oxide layer on top of said second metal oxide layer; —forming a solid oxide cell stack comprising said metal interconnect having said metal oxide layers thereon; and —reacting the metal oxide in said first metal oxide layer with the metal of said metal interconnect during the SOC-stack initialization, and a solid oxide stack comprising an anode contact layer and support structure, an anode layer, an electrolyte layer, a cathode layer, a cathode contact layer, a metallic interconnect, and a multilayer barrier structure which is obtainable by the above method and through an initialization step, which is carried out under controlled conditions for atmosphere composition and current

Abstract: A method of coating carbon based electrodes and thick electrodes without mud-cracking is described. The electrode ink is deposited on a decal substrate, and transferred to a hot press before the electrode ink is completely dried. The partially dried electrode ink is hot pressed to the membrane to form a membrane electrode assembly. A membrane electrode assembly including a polymer membrane; and a pair of crack-free electrode layers on opposite sides of the polymer membrane, each of the pair of electrode layers having a thickness of at least about 50 ?m is also described.

Abstract: A fuel cell including an electrolyte film, a catalyst layer, two diffusion layers, a fuel supply layer, an oxygen supply layer, a water-absorbing layer, and a collector. The fuel cell has an opening at least in a part of a side surface parallel to a proton conduction direction of the electrolyte film among side surfaces of the fuel cell. The water-absorbing layer is present between the oxygen supply layer and the collector. An end portion of the water-absorbing layer is present on one of a plane including the opening and an opposite side of the fuel cell with the plane including the opening being a reference. A fuel cell system having a fuel cell stack including the fuel cells. The fuel cell has a high water discharging ability and is capable of maintaining stable high generation efficiency and providing a high output even while being small-sized and light-weight.

Abstract: A planar high temperature fuel cell, a use and a method of manufacture are discloses. The planar high-temperature fuel cell with includes a layer structure. The layer structure includes a cathode layer, an anode layer and a solid electrolyte layer disposed between the cathode layer and the anode layer. Each of the layers are planar. A porous metal structure is used as the support for the layer structure and is also planar.

Abstract: A fuel cell is provided that includes an anode, a cathode, a solid electrolyte layer, a barrier layer, and a buffer layer. The solid electrolyte layer includes zirconium and is provided between the anode and the cathode. The barrier layer includes cerium and is provided between the solid electrolyte layer and the cathode, with the barrier layer having pores. The buffer layer includes zirconium and cerium and is provided between the barrier layer and the solid electrolyte layer. The barrier layer has a first barrier layer provided near to the buffer layer with a first pore ratio and a second barrier layer provided between the first barrier layer and the cathode with a second pore ratio. The first pore ratio of the first barrier layer is larger than the second pore ratio of the second barrier layer.

Abstract: An example fuel cell assembly may include a proton exchange membrane (or membrane electrode assembly) that has a first major surface and a second major surface. An anode electrode, which may include a patterned metal layer with a plurality of apertures extending through the patterned metal layer, may also be provided. An anode gas diffusion layer secured to an anode adhesive frame may be situated between the anode electrode and the first major surface of the proton exchange membrane. A cathode electrode may, in some instances, include a patterned metal layer with a plurality of apertures extending through the patterned metal layer. A cathode gas diffusion layer secured to a cathode adhesive frame may be situated between the cathode electrode and the second major surface of the proton exchange membrane. In some instances a fuel cell assembly may be flexible so that the fuel cell assembly can be rolled into a rolled configuration that defines an inner cavity with open ends.

Abstract: A mold for forming a porous article can include a first material having a first thermal conductivity and a second material having a second thermal conductivity different from the first thermal conductivity. The first material may be at least partially embedded within the second material and configured to create regions of different thermal conductivity in the body, such as configured to create distinct nucleation regions within a material formed within the mold. A method for forming a porous article can include providing a slurry within a mold and freeze-casting the slurry to form a porous article having a burst-like distribution of porosity. A porous article according to embodiments herein can include a burst-like distribution of porosity.

Abstract: A bonding layer, disposed between an interconnect layer and an electrode layer of a solid oxide fuel cell article, may be formed from a yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) powder having a monomodal particle size distribution (PSD) with a d50 that is greater than about 1 ?m and a d90 that is greater than about 2 ?m.

Abstract: The invention describes an air-breathing fuel cell for the oxidation of ions with air or oxygen, having an anode half cell and a cathode half cell. A first ion-conducting membrane and a second ion-conducting membrane is introduced between the half cells, and the second ion-conducting membrane is coated at least in regions on the side orientated towards the cathode half cell with a catalyst for the reduction of oxygen. According to the invention, the air-breathing fuel cell is characterised in that an oxidation zone for the oxidation of ions with negative standard electrode potential is provided between the ion-conducting membranes.