Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor includes a conductive substrate satisfying a condition (A); an undercoat layer satisfying conditions (B) and (C), disposed on the conductive substrate, and containing metal oxide particles; and a photosensitive layer disposed on the undercoat layer: condition (A): in the case where depressions existing in the surface of the conductive substrate are observed with a laser microscope, the width of the largest depression is 400 ?m or less, and the depth of the depression is 15 ?m or less; condition (B): in the case where the undercoat layer is subjected to a Cole-Cole plot analysis, an angular frequency ?max at which a complex impedance component is maximum is from 2.0 rad to 25.0 rad; and condition (C): volume resistivity obtained from the Cole-Cole plot analysis of the undercoat layer is from 7.0×107? to 1.0×109?.

Abstract: Provided is a lamination-type electrophotographic photoreceptor comprising a conductive substrate, and a charge transport layer and a charge generation layer both on the conductive substrate, wherein the charge transport layer comprises a charge transport substance represented by the general formula (1), a binder resin, and a particulate silicon compound.

Abstract: The invention relates to a multilayer type electrophotographic photoreceptor comprising: a conductive support; and, on the conductive support, a charge generation layer containing a hydroxygallium phthalocyanine pigment and a charge transport layer, wherein the content of ?-chloronaphthalene in hydroxygallium phthalocyanine pigment in the charge generation layer is in a range of 0 ng/cm2 to 0.1 ng/cm2, the charge transport layer contains a non-halogen organic solvent having a boiling point of 140° C. or more, and the content of the non-halogen organic solvent having a boiling point of 140° C. or more is in a range of 0.1 ?g/cm2 to 5 ?g/cm2.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor includes a conductive substrate; an undercoat layer disposed on the conductive substrate and containing a binder resin, metal oxide particles, and an electron-accepting compound having an anthraquinone structure; and a photosensitive layer disposed on the undercoat layer, wherein the reflectance RL of the undercoat layer for light having a wavelength ranging approximately from 470 nm to 510 nm is approximately from 2% to 5%.

Abstract: A conductive support for an electrophotographic photoreceptor includes a metallic cylindrical member. The conductive support has a bare area exposed even after a photosensitive layer is disposed on the conductive support, and the outer circumferential surface of at least part of the bare area has a surface residual stress of about ?10 MPa or less.

Abstract: A cylindrical member used in an electrophotographic photoconductor, the cylindrical member includes an impact-pressed cylindrical body containing aluminum and a long-chain fatty acid ester based lubricant that is present on the outer surface of the impact-pressed cylindrical body in an amount of approximately not more than 5.0×10?3 mg/cm2.

Abstract: An intermediate transfer belt includes a base layer, an elastic layer, and a surface layer. The elastic layer is composed of an elastomer composition containing an elastomer and metal oxide particles. At least a portion of a surface of the metal oxide particles is positioned at a surface of the elastic layer. At least the portion is coupling-treated with a metal coupling agent. A radical polymerizable functional group of the metal coupling agent is bonded to a radical polymerizable compound composing the surface layer via radical polymerization.

Abstract: There is provided a charging member capable of preventing the occurrence of abnormal discharge at low temperature and low humidity, and capable of preventing the occurrence of an image defect due to abrasion. The charging member includes a support and a surface layer on the support, and the surface layer contains a specific compound.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor includes an electroconductive substrate, an organic photosensitive layer on the electroconductive substrate and an inorganic protective layer on the organic photosensitive layer, wherein a layer that forms a surface of the organic photosensitive layer contains a charge transporting material, a binder resin, and a silica particle; the inorganic protective layer contains a group 13 element, an oxygen atom, and a hydrogen atom; a sum of element constitution ratios of the group 13 element, the oxygen atom, and the hydrogen atom to all elements constituting the inorganic protective layer is equal to or more than 90 atomic %; and an element composition ratio (oxygen atom/group 13 element) of the oxygen atom and the group 13 element is 1.0 or more and less than 1.5.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electrophotographic photosensitive member that allows positive ghost to be reduced even in repeated use. The electrophotographic photosensitive member of the present invention is an electrophotographic photosensitive member wherein an undercoat layer contains a polymerization product of a composition including a compound represented by the following formula (1).

Abstract: A photoconductor that includes, for example, a supporting substrate, an optional ground plane layer, an optional hole blocking layer, an optional adhesive layer, a photogenerating layer, and a charge transport layer, and where the charge transport layer contains a mixture of a charge transport component and a polycarbonate AP.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member includes a conductive substrate and a photosensitive layer. The photosensitive layer contains at least a charge generating material, a hole transport material, and a binder resin. The hole transport material is a compound represented by the following general formula (1). The binder resin is a resin represented by the following general formula (2). In general formula (1), R1 and R3 each independently represent an alkyl group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group, or an alkoxy group; and R2 and R4 each independently represent an alkyl group, or an alkoxy group. In general formula (2), R23, R24, and R25 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, or a C1-4 alkyl group, at least one of R23, R24, and R25 representing a C1-4 alkyl group; p+q=1.00, and 0.35?p<1.00; and n represents 2 or 3.

Abstract: A quinone derivative represented by general formula (1), where, in the general formula (1), R1 and R2 each represent, independently of one another, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkoxy group, an aralkyl group, or an aryl group, R3 represents a halogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, or an aryl group, m represents an integer of no less than 0 and no greater than 4, and when m represents an integer of no less than 2, chemical groups R3 may be the same as or different from one another.

Abstract: A quinone derivative represented by general formula (1) where, in the general formula (1), chemical groups R1 each represent, independently of one another, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkoxy group, an aralkyl group, or an aryl group, and R2 represents an alkyl group, an aralkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkoxy group, an aryl group, or a heterocyclic group.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor for use in an image forming apparatus having a proximity charge-type charging unit includes a conductive support and at least photosensitive layer and surface layer laminated in order on the conductive support, wherein the surface layer includes (A) a charge transport material, (B) a cured product of a composition containing a polymerizable compound and inorganic fine particles, and (C) organic fine particles, and the inorganic fine particles contain a metal oxide, has a surface treated with a surface treatment agent having a reactive organic group, and has a volume resistivity of 1.2×1011?·cm or more.

Abstract: A composition comprising a fuel and at least one compound characterized by Formula I: wherein X is carbon, oxygen, or sulfur; R1 and R2 each independently are hydrogen, a C1 to C20 alkyl, or a C6 to C10 aryl; R3 and R3? each independently are hydrogen or a C1 to C4 alkyl; R4 and R4? each independently are hydrogen, a C1 to C4 alkyl, a C4 to C10 cycloalkyl, or a C6 to C10 aryl; R5 and R5? each independently are a C4 to C10 alkyl; R6 and R6? each independently are hydrogen or a C1 to C6 alkyl; and R7 and R7? each independently are hydrogen or a C1 to C4 alkyl; and wherein the compound of Formula I when subjected to GC-MS using electron ionization at greater than about 70 eV produces at least one ion having a mass-to-charge ratio of from 300 to 600.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member includes an undercoat layer, the undercoat layer having a volume resistivity of from 1×1010 ?·cm to 1×1013 ?·cm, the undercoat layer contains (A) a zinc oxide particle and (B) at least one particle selected from titanium oxide particles coated with tin oxide doped with any one of zinc, aluminum, fluorine, tungsten, niobium, tantalum, and phosphorus and a titanium oxide particle coated with oxygen deficient tin oxide, and the content of the particle (B) in the undercoat layer is from 3% by mass to 20% by mass based on the content of the particle (A).

Abstract: A continuous transporting belt has a multilayered structure. The multilayered structure includes at least a first layer that forms a running side, and at least a second layer that forms a load-bearing side. At least one of the layers is connected by an adhesion layer to at least one third layer that forms at least one of a tension member and a further layer. The adhesion layer contains a composition having a first portion of an adhesive and a second portion of a lubricant.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor having excellent cleaning performance and high durability for a long time and an electrophotographic imaging apparatus employing the electrophotographic photoreceptor are provided. The electrophotographic photoreceptor includes a photosensitive layer and a protective layer sequentially formed in this stated order on a conductive support. The protective layer includes a metal oxide surface-treated with a phosphorous-containing compound, wherein the metal oxide includes at least one selected from a group consisting of tin oxide, zinc oxide, and titanium oxide. The phosphorous-containing compound is a polymer including a phosphorus-oxoacid moiety reacting with the metal oxide, a photo-reactive moiety, and a lubricative moiety including at least one selected from a group consisting of fluorine and silicon at side chains.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member capable of outputting an image with suppressed positive ghosting, and a process cartridge and an electrophotographic apparatus each having the electrophotographic photosensitive member are provided. The electrophotographic photosensitive member has a photosensitive layer including a phthalocyanine crystal in which the compound represented by the formula (1) is contained, wherein the content of the compound represented by the formula (1) is 0.1% by mass or more and 1.7% by mass or less based on the phthalocyanine crystal.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electrophotographic photoreceptor including a conductive support, a photosensitive layer on the conductive support and a surface layer on the photosensitive layer. The surface layer includes a cured resin prepared by polymerization of a compound having two or more radically polymerizable functional groups per molecule, the cured resin containing an organic resin fine particle and a metal oxide fine particle, and the organic resin fine particle comprising a resin containing a structural unit derived from at least one of melamine and benzoguanamine, the organic resin fine particle having a number average primary particle size of 0.01 to 3.00 ?m.

Abstract: A cleaning unit for an image forming apparatus includes a frame; a cleaning blade; a first seal sealing between the frame and the blade, provided by injection molding into the frame adjacent to an axial end; and a second seal between the frame and the drum, provided opposing to the free end portion adjacent to the axial end portion, and the second seal having a L-like configuration with projection extending in a direction crossing with the axial direction outwardly beyond an end surface of the blade, wherein the first seal includes a base portion provided at a position inside of the end surface and extending in the crossing direction and an extension extending from the base portion in the axial direction, the extension having a free end portion compressed by the projection to seal between the projection and the frame.

Abstract: Aromatic resin polymers and compositions containing them are useful as underlayers in semiconductor manufacturing processes.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor includes a conductive substrate and a single-layer photosensitive layer which is provided on the conductive substrate and contains a binder resin, at least one charge generating material selected from a hydroxygallium phthalocyanine pigment and a chlorogallium phthalocyanine pigment, a first electron transporting material defined in the specification, a second electron transporting material defined in the specification, and a hole transporting material defined in the specification, wherein a total content of all electron transporting materials is greater than or equal to 4 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of a total solid content of the photosensitive layer, and an average loss elastic modulus E? of the photosensitive layer, which is obtained by measuring dynamic viscoelasticity at a temperature of from 35° C. to 50° C. and a frequency of 0.5 Hz, is less than or equal to 1.000×106.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor includes a conductive substrate, and a single-layer type photosensitive layer that contains a binder resin, a charge generating material, a hole transporting material, and an electron transporting material, wherein a content of the charge generating material in the photosensitive layer is 0.5% by weight or more and less than 2.0% by weight and the charge generating material satisfies expression (1): 30?a/b, wherein a represents the number of the charge generating materials per unit cross-sectional area in a region ranging from the surface side of the film thickness of the photosensitive layer to a point corresponding to ?, and b represents the number of the charge generating materials per unit cross-sectional area in a region ranging from the conductive substrate side of the film thickness of the photosensitive layer to a position corresponding to ?, provided that a case where b is 0 is included.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member includes a support and a photosensitive layer on the support, and the photosensitive layer contains a hydroxygallium phthalocyanine crystal having peaks at Bragg angles 2?±0.2° of 6.9°, 7.7°, 16.4°, 24.4°, and 26.5° in CuK? X-ray diffraction.

Abstract: Provided is an electrophotographic photosensitive member, including a charge-transporting layer containing a charge-transporting substance, and containing, as resins, a polycarbonate resin A having specific structural units and a resin D having a specific structural unit, in which the charge-transporting layer has, in a matrix containing the charge-transporting substance and the resin D, domains each containing the polycarbonate resin A.

Abstract: A belt feeding unit includes a rotatable belt, a first stretching roller for stretching the belt, and a second stretching roller including a stretching portion for stretching the belt. A first member is provided at one end portion of the stretching portion with respect to a widthwise direction of the belt and perpendicular to a movement direction of the belt. The first member is movable relative to the stretching portion to change a position of one end of the stretching portion at the one end portion. In addition, a second member is provided at the other end portion of the stretching portion and is movable relative to the stretching portion to change a position of the other end of the stretching portion at the other end portion.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor that satisfies excellent transparency, abrasion resistance, and electrophotographic properties (including sensitivity and residual potential after light irradiation) all together is provided. Specifically, an electrophotographic photoreceptor and a resin composition that include therein (1) a polycarbonate resin (A) having a structural unit represented by the following formula (I) and (2) at least one selected from a polycarbonate resin (B) synthesized from a source material that includes therein a bisphenol represented by the following formula (II) and a polyester resin (B?) synthesized from a source material that includes therein a bisphenol represented by the following formula (II). In formulas (I) and (II), each of Ra, Rb, Rc, Rd, Re, and Rf represents, independently from one another, a substituted or non-substituted alkyl group, a substituted or non-substituted cycloalkyl group, or a substituted or non-substituted phenyl group.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel hydroxygallium phthalocyanine crystal and an electrophotographic photosensitive member capable of outputting an image with few failures due to a ghost phenomenon not only in normal-temperature, normal-humidity environments but also even in low-temperature, low-humidity environments. The hydroxygallium phthalocyanine crystal has peaks at Bragg angles 2?±0.2° of 7.5°, 9.9°, 25.2°, and 28.3° as determined by X-ray diffraction with Cu K? radiation. The intensity of the peak at a Bragg angle 2?±0.2° of 9.9° is higher than the intensity of the peak at a Bragg angle 2?±0.2° of 7.5°.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor includes a conductive substrate and a singlelayer type photosensitive layer which is provided on the conductive substrate and contains a binder resin, a charge generating material, a hole transporting material, an electron transporting material represented by the formula (1), and a fluorenone compound represented by the formula (2): wherein R11, R12, R13, R14, R15, R16, R17 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an aryl group, or an aralkyl group, and R18 represents an alkyl group, an aryl group, or an aralkyl group; and wherein R21, R22, R23, R24, R26, R27, and R28 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an aryl group, or an aralkyl group, and R25 represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an aryl group, or an aralkyl group.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member includes a photosensitive layer that contains a charge generating material, a hole transport material, a binder resin, and a plasticizer. The hole transport material contains a triarylamine derivative represented by General Formula (1) below. The plasticizer contains at least one of a compound represented by General Formula (2a) and a compound represented by General Formula (2b) below.

Abstract: Provided is an electrophotographic photosensitive member capable of suppressing a voltage fluctuation and occurrence of a black spot under a high-temperature/high-humidity environment. The electrophotographic photosensitive member includes: a support; a first intermediate layer formed on the support; a second intermediate layer formed on the first intermediate layer; and a photosensitive layer formed on the second intermediate layer, in which the first intermediate layer contains metal oxide particles having a number-average primary particle diameter of from 30 to 450 nm; and the second intermediate layer contains a cured product of a composition containing an electron transport substance having a polymerizable functional group represented by the formula (1) or (2), and having a molecular weight of from 100 to 1,000, and a crosslinking agent having 3 to 6 groups reactive with the polymerizable functional group represented by the formula (1) or (2), and having a molecular weight of from 200 to 1,300.

Abstract: Provided are an electrophotographic photosensitive member in which a variation in the light-area potential is suppressed even when the electrophotographic photosensitive member is repeatedly used for a long time in a high-temperature, high-humidity environment, a method of producing the electrophotographic photosensitive member, and a process cartridge and an electrophotographic apparatus that include the electrophotographic photosensitive member. The electrophotographic photosensitive member includes a support, an undercoat layer, and a photosensitive layer, wherein the undercoat layer contains a urethane resin and zinc oxide particles whose surfaces have been treated with a particular amount of an aminosilane compound.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor includes a conductive support and a photosensitive layer and a surface protection layer that are sequentially laminated on the conductive support. The surface protection layer contains a binder resin and inorganic fine particles surface-treated with a hole transporting compound of the following General Formula 1. AR1-Q1)k??[General Formula 1] A is a hole transporting group. Q1 is an acidic group. R1 is a substituted or non-substituted alkylene, alkenylene or arylene group. k is a positive integer of 1 or more. If k is an integer of 2 or more, each of R1 and Q1 are same or different.

Abstract: Provided is a process for producing an electrophotographic photosensitive member, the process including the steps of: preparing a dispersion liquid by dispersing particles each containing an electron transporting substance in an aqueous dispersion medium; forming the coat of the dispersion liquid on the support; and forming an undercoat layer by heating the coat at a temperature equal to or more than the melting point of the electron transporting substance.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member containing a terphenoquinone derivative represented by the following formula (1): wherein R1 to R5 may be the same or different and each represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms and optionally having an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, an aralkyl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms.

Abstract: An improved overcoat layer for an organic photoconductor drum of an electrophotographic image forming device is provided. The overcoat layer is prepared from a curable composition including a charge transport molecule containing four radical polymerizable functional groups of the general structure exemplified below: where R1 and R2 contain a spacer group and a radical polymerizable functional group, R3 and R4 are selected from the group consisting of a radical polymerizable functional group, a non-radical polymerizable functional group, and one each of a radical polymerizable functional group and a non-radial polymerizable functional group, and R5 and R6 contain a spacer group and a radical polymerizable functional group. The curable composition also contains at least one curing agent. The curing agent comprises a urethane resin containing six radical polymerizable functional groups.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor includes a conductive substrate and a single-layered photosensitive layer formed so as to overlie the conductive substrate, the photosensitive layer containing a binder resin, a charge-generating material, a hole-transporting material, an electron-transporting material represented by General Formula (1), and at least one compound selected from a compound represented by General Formula (2) and a compound represented by General Formula (3). The amount of the at least one compound selected from the compound represented by General Formula (2) and the compound represented by General Formula (3) is in the range of approximately 10 parts by weight to 100 parts by weight in total relative to 100 parts by weight of the electron-transporting material represented by General Formula (1).

Abstract: A method of reducing an image artifact in a remanufactured toner cartridge. The method includes operating the remanufactured toner cartridge to transfer toner to a position between a developer roller and a metering blade of the remanufactured toner cartridge, the toner having a first formulation; and positioning a material having a second formulation different from the first formulation between the developer roller and the metering blade.

Abstract: A photoconductor comprising a layer stack with a semiconductor layer photoconductive for a predetermined wavelength range between two semiconductor boundary layers with a larger band gap than the photoconductive semiconductor layer on a substrate, wherein the semiconductor boundary layers comprise deep impurities for trapping and recombining free charge carriers from the photoconductive semiconductor layer, and two electrodes connected to the photoconductive semiconductor layer, for lateral current flow between the electrodes through the photoconductive semiconductor layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fluorine-containing polymer comprising a structure represented by the following general formula (I), as well as the preparation process and use thereof. According to the technical solution of the invention, a novel fluorine-containing polymer with a larger molecular weight and an aromatic side group is obtained through a simple reaction, and it can be used as a non-ionic fluorine carbon surfactant, and especially, is applicable to the preparation of a pigment dispersion. Additionally, the invention further relates to a pigment dispersion and the preparation process thereof.

Abstract: Provided is an electrophotographic photoreceptor including a conductive substrate and a photosensitive layer provided on the conductive substrate, wherein an uppermost surface layer thereof is constituted with a cured film of a composition that contains at least two kinds of reactive charge transporting materials selected from a first reactive charge transporting material having an —OH group as a reactive functional group and a second reactive charge transporting material having an —OCH3 group as a reactive functional group, fluororesin particles, and an alkyl fluoride group-containing copolymer having repeating units represented by the following Structural Formulae A and B, and a relative dielectric constant ?r of the uppermost surface layer satisfies the following Formula (1):

Abstract: A photoreceptor includes a substrate a charge generating layer disposed on the substrate and a charge transport layer disposed on the charge generating layer, the charge transport layer includes a hole transport molecule, a fluorinated diol, and a leveling agent, the charge transport layer is substantially free of a polymer binder and catalyst, and has a post-discharge voltage of less than about 10 volts.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a flexible electrophotographic imaging member having an optically clear, cross-linked anticurl back coating of melamine formaldehyde to effect complete and absolute imaging member flatness.

Abstract: A photosensitive layer or a charge generation layer of an electrophotographic photosensitive member contains a gallium phthalocyanine and a particular diamine compound such as 1,2-diaminoethane or 1,3-diaminopropane. The content of the particular diamine compound in the photosensitive layer or the charge generation layer is from 10 ppm to 1,000 ppm (mass ratio) based on the gallium phthalocyanine.

Abstract: Provided are an electrophotographic photosensitive member in which leakage doesn't easily occur, a process cartridge and an electrophotographic apparatus each including the electrophotographic photosensitive member, and a method of manufacturing the electrophotographic photosensitive member. The electrophotographic photosensitive member includes a conductive layer including titanium oxide particle coated with tin oxide doped with a hetero element. When an absolute value of a maximum current amount flowing through the conductive layer in a case of performing a test of applying ?1.0 kV including DC voltage to the conductive layer is defined as Ia, and an absolute value of a current amount flowing through the conductive layer in a case where a decrease ratio of a current amount per minute reaches 1% or less for the first time is defined as Ib, the relations of Ia?6000 and 10?Ib are satisfied. A volume resistivity of the conductive layer before the test is 1.0×108 ?·cm to 5.0×1012 ?·cm.

Abstract: The presently disclosed embodiments are directed generally to an electrostatographic imaging member having low surface energy and is wear resistant. The imaging members include a charge transport layer that comprises a silicone ester additive that provides these beneficial properties.

Abstract: A printer applies an imaging material to form an image, withdraws vapors from the applied imaging material and treats the withdrawn vapors with a vapor treatment system. The printer heats untreated withdrawn vapors with heat from the vapor treatment system.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a flexible electrophotographic imaging member having an optically clear, cross-linked anticurl back coating of melamine formaldehyde to effect complete and absolute imaging member flatness. In particular embodiments, the anticurl back coating further includes an organic or inorganic particle dispersion.