Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus and method for burning vegetable oil in a conventional furnace or boiler. The invention includes heating the vegetable oil fuel to a minimum fuel temperature prior to the delivery of the vegetable oil fuel to the furnace for combustion. The minimum fuel temperature can be calculated as the vegetable oil fuel's flash point minus the ignition energy of the furnace. The invention includes a preheater for heating the vegetable oil fuel and a computing device for controlling the heating and injection of the vegetable oil fuel into the furnace.

Abstract: A liquid fuel supply and evaporator system for use in connection with combustion-powered fastener-driving tools comprises an evaporator housing which is disposed in thermal communication with the combustion chamber housing of the tool in order to absorb heat or thermal radiation generated within the tool combustion chamber. A sintered metal liquid fuel evaporator element is interposed between the evaporator housing and a liquid fuel distribution manifold whereby the liquid fuel is effectively converted into a gaseous fuel which is then transmitted by a gas distribution manifold toward the combustion chamber of the fastener-driving tool.

Abstract: A gas turbine engine is piloted with a pilot flow of fuel delivered to a combustor as a liquid. A first additional flow of the fuel is also delivered to the combustor as a liquid. A second additional flow of the fuel is vaporized and delivered to the combustor as a vapor. A fuel injector may have passageways associated with each of the three flows.

Abstract: Fuel for supply to the carburetor of an engine is vaporized in a container having a first and second chamber divided by a transverse heating plate against which the fuel is impacted from a fuel injection nozzle a form vapour therefrom so be discharged under pressure from the vaporization through an outlet duct for supplying the vapour from the first chamber to the engine. The heating plate is heated by a heating liquid heated by a thermostatically controlled electrical heating element within the second chamber. The injector is controlled by a pressure switch in the first chamber.

Abstract: A combustion apparatus is provided having a pre-combustion chamber and a combustion chamber. The pre-combustion chamber houses a preheating combustion for preheating and at least partially vaporizing fuel supplied to the pre-combustion chamber. The preheating combustion is controlled so that only a portion of the fuel supplied to the pre-combustion chamber is burned. The combustion apparatus further include a primary combustion oxidizer supply located downstream of said preheating combustion. The primary combustion oxidizer supply supplies an amount of oxidizer to allow the fuel not burned by the preheating combustion to burn.

Abstract: A combustion heater comprising an induction chamber provided with an inlet, a combustion chamber in fluid communication with the inlet of the induction chamber, means for moving an oxydizer from the inlet of the induction chamber to the combustion chamber, a fuel reservoir, a frame defining a fuel passageway, means for moving a fuel from the fuel reservoir through the fuel passageway to the combustion chamber, means in fluid communication with the fuel passageway for shearing a fuel prior to combustion, means in fluid communication with the fuel passageway for heating the fuel prior to combustion, and means for combusting a fuel oxydizer mixture within the combustion chamber.

Abstract: A method and device for changing the rate of density between fluid hydrocarbon fuels and combustion air prior to ignition and combustion in residential, commercial and industrial combustion mechanisms, by extracting heat from the mechanism's combustion zone or flue area to reduce the density of the fuel prior to delivery to the mechanism burner at a constant, pre-set operating temperature of between 100 degrees Fahrenheit and the fuel's flash point temperature, while at the same time providing means to control combustion air temperature to a level such as to increase air density and significantly changing the mass ratio of fuel mass versus combustion air mass, hence oxygen mass, without increasing combustion air volume or fuel volume, thereby improving combustion efficiency, heat transfer efficiency and reduction in harmful stack emissions.

Abstract: A device for heating hydrogen storage canister includes a canister containing chamber for accommodation of at least one hydrogen storage canister, a catalyst bed arranged in the canister containing chamber for catalysis. A blowing device provides an air flow through an air flow leading pipe to a nozzle section which is connected with a heating gas drawing pipe to the catalyst bed. A heating fuel storage tank supplies heating fuel which is conveyed to the nozzle section through a heating fuel supplying pipeline, a coiled pipe and a heating fuel conveying pipe in sequence. When the air flow flows through the nozzle section, the heating fuel is drawn into the nozzle section to mix with the air flow, forming a heating gas. The heating gas is atomized by the nozzle section and flows to the catalyst bed where the heating gas is catalyzed to burn to generate a hot gas to heat the hydrogen storage canister.

Abstract: A gas to liquid converter to convert liquids (1) to gas (2) that can include a liquid pressurization element (3), a liquid preheating element (5), and a nozzle (10) to disperse liquids into energy (7) generated by an energy source (8). The gas to liquid converter can be located inside an enclosure (17) and substances dissolved in the liquid can accumulate as solids (13) on deposition surface (12) of the enclosure as the liquid (1) converts to gas (2). Condesation of a portion of the gas (2) generated can be combined with the solids (13) for continuous removal of such solids (13) from the enclosure (17). A gas expansion compensator can generate a pressure gradient (24) to move the volume of gas generated from the liquid from the enclosure (17).

Abstract: A composition and use of economical, high efficient burning and environmentally friendly self-propelled liquid fuel for domestic, commercial and industrial application is provided. The fuel could be self-contained for application in small and isolated locations. The fuel is characterized by containing light hydrocarbons as a propellant and low value, heavier hydrocarbon by-products from the refining operations.

Abstract: The present invention provides a combustor for a fuel processor which integrates a burner and a catalyst. The burner is utilized to quickly heat the catalyst to a light-off temperature to prepare it for normal operation. The heated catalyst is then used to react anode exhaust with air or cathode exhaust under normal operation.

Abstract: A plurality of vessels contains pressurized gas. Each vessel fluidly communicates with an adjacent vessel through a line. A heat exchanger is positioned in a heat conducting relationship with each line. The system includes an exhaust valve communicating with lower pressure. In one embodiment, the vessels communicate in series and only one of the vessels communicates with the exhaust valve. Alternatively, the vessels are arranged in a loop configuration with two of the vessels communicating with the exhaust valve through respective lines each containing a shutoff valve. The two shutoff valves are opened and closed in concert to cause the flow in the system to alternate directions as it is being exhausted. In a third configuration, two vessels communicate through a singular line in accordance with the most basic embodiment, but the vessel communicating with the exhaust valve encloses the other vessel. Heat transfer fins are located in the enclosed vessel, and extend into the enclosing vessel.

Abstract: An energy-saving heat exchanger for a VOC abatement system. The energy-saving heat exchanger includes a fresh air chamber for receiving fresh air from a blower; a heated air chamber for receiving heated air from a secondary heat exchanger of the VOC abatement system; a mixed air chamber provided at the outlet ends of the fresh air chamber and heated air chamber; and a heat exchange chamber leading from the heated air chamber and disposed in thermally-conductive contact with the fresh air chamber. An oxygen detector measures the oxygen composition of air flowing from the mixed air chamber and operates a damper which controls flow of air from the heated air chamber to the mixing chamber.

Abstract: The present invention provides a combustor for a fuel processor which integrates a burner and a catalyst. The burner is utilized to quickly heat the catalyst to a light-off temperature to prepare it for normal operation. The heated catalyst is then used to react anode exhaust with air or cathode exhaust under normal operation.

Abstract: An air-oxygen hydrogen sulphide burner (108) fires into a furnace (102). The burner comprises a main passage for combustion-supporting gas containing air (112), a multiplicity of spaced apart outer elongate fluid-conducting open ended tubes extending in parallel with each other along the main passage, each of the outlet tubes surrounding at least at the distal end of the burner a respective inner elongate fluid-conducting open ended tube, the inner tubes extending in parallel with one another, a first inlet to the burner for oxygen or oxygen-enriched air, and a second inlet to the burner for feed gas containing hydrogen sulphide, the first inlet communicating with the inner tubs, and the second inlets communicating with the outer tubes.

Abstract: A burner for liquid fuel has an electric heating device for start up heating a fuel vaporization chamber to a selected temperature, a flame retention baffle being fitted on the vaporization chamber with a temperature sensor sensing temperature of the vaporization. When the vaporization chamber is heated to a desired temperature of about 350 degrees celsius by deflected hot exhaust gas products from the burner operation and such temperature is sensed, the sensor outputs a signal so that the electric heating device can be shut down, vaporization chamber heating then being maintained by the deflected hot exhaust gas flow.

Abstract: An indirect radiant heating device burns gaseous or liquid fossil fuels for the heat treatment of running products, such as bars, tubes, and strips kept in a protective atmosphere. The device includes a radiant cassette of parallelepipedal shape, with a continuous radiating surface whose cross section, in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the cassette, is delimited by a continuous line which falls inside a rectangle whose height/width ratio is greater than 1.5.

Abstract: The invention concerns a pre-vaporizing and pre-mixing burner for liquid fuels which has a fuel feed line (56), a pump which pressurizes the fuel in the feed line, a mixing region (123) and a fuel valve (119) which opens out into the mixing region and by means of which the fuel is atomized and fed to the air for combustion (127). According to the invention, the fuel is vaporized in an optimum manner in that the fuel valve opens automatically as from a given fuel pressure, and a heating device (128) is associated with the fuel valve.

Abstract: A powered multi-fuel burner has a burner assembly which utilizes an air aspirated nozzle and an infra-red type configuration. An air compressor provides air to the air aspirated nozzle and a fuel tank holds fuel supplied to the air aspirated nozzle by operation of the suction created at the nozzle. A metering valve is interposed between the fuel tank and the air aspirated nozzle. The metering valve is manually adjustable to increase or decrease the fuel supplied to the nozzle thereby to increase or decrease the heat output of the burner.

Abstract: A combustion apparatus provided with a burner includes a fuel injection nozzle disposed rearward of a gas passable solid and a pre-mixture region between a downstream end of the solid and the fuel injection nozzle. The gas passable solid may be of a straightener type. Air for combustion includes main air and pilot air separated from each other. The apparatus may be coupled to each end of a radiant tube. The apparatus may be provided to a direct and indirect combustion type thermal facilities.

Abstract: A fuel cell system, generally, has a fuel processing apparatus for steam reforming a hydrocarbon fuel and steam into a product gas, and a fuel cell stack for converting the product gas into electricity. The fuel processing apparatus is a catalytic reaction apparatus having a furnace and a catalytic reactor. In an effort to increase the efficiency of the catalytic reaction apparatus and decrease the size and/or number of catalytic reactors, the present invention relates to a furnace that utilizes air and fuel pre-heat chambers to increase the flame temperature within the furnace.

Abstract: A powered multi-fuel burner has a burner assembly which utilizes an air aspirated nozzle. An air compressor provides air to the air aspirated nozzle and to a fuel-holding tank where the fuel within the tank is put under air pressure thereby to enhance its flow to the air aspirated nozzle. A bleed valve is positioned between the air compressor and the fuel thank thereby to increase or decrease the air pressure within the fuel tank. By increasing and decreasing the air pressure within the tank, the burner can produce heat over a range of operation.

Abstract: A burner assembly includes an outer housing having a generally cylindrical internal bore and a generally cylindrical inner housing within the bore of the outer housing. The inner housing is thermally insulated from the outer housing by a pair of axially spaced flanges on the inner housing and by a generally conical bottom wall on the outer housing. The inner housing has a fuel inlet opening and a fuel outlet which communicates with a burner. A generator tube has a fuel inlet end, an intermediate portion which is positioned adjacent the burner, and a fuel outlet end which extends through the outer housing to the fuel inlet opening of the inner housing.

Abstract: A temperature compensated fuel control valve or regulator has a temperature sensor which senses the temperature of fuel entering the regulator. The temperature sensor controls the area of an orifice through which the fuel must pass in order to enter the burner. When the fuel is at low temperature, its viscosity will be higher and more of the orifice area will be exposed to the fuel. When the fuel is at high temperature, it will flow more easily and less of the orifice will be exposed to the fuel thereby allowing less fuel to pass to the burner.

Abstract: An infrared heater, especially for construction purposes or for animal brooders in which the air duct passes through the reflector on the side of a glow body turned away from the surface to be irradiated so that the air duct is heated by the glow body. Within the heated region of the air duct, a filter is provided which is heated to red heat, thereby pyralizing or burning off deposits and maintaining the filter free from obstruction for long periods.

Abstract: A process for purifying exhaust gases, especially from vacuum pyrolysis installations by means of the extraction of the exhaust gases and their combustion with a supply of air. Immediately after their formation, the exhaust gases are subjected to complete combustion with a controlled air supply and an under pressure of 0.5 to 0.95 bar (500 to 50 mbar absolute) generated by a vacuum pump, whereupon the gaseous reaction products are cooled to 10.degree. to 25.degree. C. to prevent damage to the vacuum pump and then the cooled gaseous reaction products are extracted by the vacuum pump.

Abstract: Apparatus and method of combusting crude oil produced during testing of a subterranean well includes a primary nozzle for atomizing and spraying the primary feed of crude oil into a combustion chamber; a combustion chamber for receiving and combusting the atomized primary feed and confining the combustion so that the primary feed is completely combusted in the combustion chamber; and an ignitor for igniting the combustion. A secondary nozzle may be located in the combustion chamber for atomizing and spraying a secondary feed of crude oil into the combustion chamber so that the heat of combustion of the primary feed will vaporize the secondary feed and heat the secondary feed above its ignition temperature so that it will completely combust on contact with air. A heat exchanger may be provided which uses the heat from the combustion chamber for preheating the crude oil before the crude oil is supplied to the primary or secondary nozzle.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for combustion of a gaseous fuel in which the gaseous fuel is preheated to form soot. The soot is mixed with an oxidant, the resulting soot/oxidant mixture being ignited to form a highly luminous flame.

Abstract: A combustion apparatus comprises: a large-diameter sleeve-like element forming an incoming passage through which an air/fuel mixture gas flows in a predetermined direction; at least one small-diameter sleeve-like element disposed in the incoming passage, which small-diameter sleeve-like element forms an outgoing passage through which a combustion gas having been issued from the incoming passage flows in a direction counter to the above predetermined direction; an air/fuel mixing unit for issuing the air/fuel mixture gas under a predetermined pressure to a main incoming port located in an upstream side of the incoming passage; an auxiliary incoming unit for issuing a combustion gas produced by a pilot burner to the upstream side of the incoming passage prior to supplying the air/fuel mixture gas to the incoming passage; and a combustion-gas outlet port for discharging the combustion gas having passed through the outgoing passage, which combustion-gas outlet port communicates with an outlet opening of the outgo

Abstract: A novel fuel burner is disclosed for the combustion of fuel in the presence of flue gas and water added to the nozzle tip in a liquid phase through a water outlet means at the nozzle. Steam is used as an indirect heat exchange fluid to cool the steam to water (used in the combustion) and to heat the flue gas passed to the burner. The orifices of the water outlet means are configured to insure a sufficient amount of water flow to reduce NO.sub.x (by increasing the amount of flue gas) and to insure that the flame of the burner is not extinguished.

Abstract: A furnace located outside of a building or other enclosure to be heated with the furnace utilizing waste oil as a combustible fuel. The furnace is associated with a storage tank for the oil which includes a preheater or warmer therein as well as an oil preheater located in the oil supply line between the tank and furnace with the oil preheater being located adjacent the furnace and being preheated by the hot water produced by the furnace with the preheater or warmer in the tank also being communicated with the hot water heated by the furnace to reduce the viscosity thereof to facilitate the oil being pumped to the preheater and furnace. The hot water produced by the furnace can be used to heat water to be used for domestic purposes through a heat exchanger and also provide fan coil units with hot water and many other purposes.

Abstract: There is disclosed an oxygen heater, which uses a portion of supplied oxygen as auxiliary combustion oxygen, a hot oxygen lance and a pulverized solid fuel burner, both having oxygen heaters. The oxygen heater has a combustion chamber for burning fuel with a portion of the supplied oxygen. An oxygen-jetting opening is disposed around the combustion chamber. The oxygen jetted out of the opening forms a gas curtain between an internal wall of a mixing chamber and a flame produced in the combustion chamber, and is heated by the flame. Both the oxygen lance and the burner includes the above-mentioned oxygen heater.

Abstract: Provided is an atomizer-equipped combustion apparatus including an atomizing device for atomizing a fuel, a spray chamber for mixing the fuel atomized by the atomizing device with air to form a mixture, and for moving the mixture downwardly toward an opening at a distal end portion of the spray chamber, and a wind box provided so as to surround a lower portion of the spray chamber for forming a combustion space between itself and the spray chamber, the wind box being provided with a plurality of air supply holes facing a lower portion of the spray chamber. A mixture of external air and a fine spray of fuel produced by the atomizer can be ignited instantaneously by means of a comparatively simple structure, odors produced at igition and extinguishment can be greatly suppressed and a high turn-down ratio can be obtained.

Abstract: A preheater system for waste oil burners utilizes a primary preheater remote from the burner nozzle and a secondary preheater adjacent the burner nozzle. The primary preheater ordinarily provides heat to the waste oil when the burner is operating. The secondary preheater ordinarily maintains the waste oil adjacent the burner nozzle at atomization temperature when the burner is not operating. Flow of waste oil from the primary preheater to the burner nozzle is precluded when the burner is not operating.

Abstract: A lighter having a body bounding a liquefied gas reservoir and an exhaust chimney through which the gas issues to the outside when a lid is opened. The lighter has a gas rate-of-flow limiter in the form of a tube of a length greater than 5 mm and of a very reduced flow cross-section between 0.03 and 0.002 mm. The tube is disposed in the reservoir and is fitted hermetically in the body either directly or with the interposition of a support member.

Abstract: A regenerative burner includes a chamber containing heat storage bodies which extract heat from hot products of combustion flowing through the burner during one part of a cycle of operation and yield up that heat to incoming air during a further part of the cycle.

Abstract: An agricultural burner device produces a flame from the combustion of liquid propane and is used to control weeds, insects, vines, micro-organisms, and the like. The burner devices are typically mounted on the draw bar of an agricultural implement, and are arranged in pairs to effectively treat the area of a row crop adjacent to the base of the crop plant during movement of the implement. An auxiliary burner mechanism is attached to the burner device for desiccation of vines.

Abstract: A pilot flame or burner apparatus for supporting a flame provided by a gaseous fuel and air mixture which is induced to flow to a flame nozzle by an eductor into which gaseous fuel is ejected and mixed with combustion air to flow through a fuel-air mixing chamber to the nozzle. Combustion air enters the eductor by way of an opening formed by a shroud and a heat exchanger member disposed concentrically around the flame nozzle and the flame supported thereby so as to preheat the air to minimize the formation of ice at the eductor inlet. Generally horizontal and vertically disposed embodiments of the apparatus are useful as flare pilots for flaring gases in oil and gas production and refining operations. The combustion air inlet may be arranged to face the same direction as the flame nozzle to minimize the effect of wind blowing against the nozzle.

Abstract: The burner of the present invention has a throat section which is in communication with a fire tube located downstream from the throat section. Nozzle means are provided for introducing a fuel in the throat section in a downstream direction toward the fire tube. Very importantly, means are provided for forming a swirling combustion air stream substantially along the side walls of the throat and fire tube thereby reducing the static pressure along the axis of the burner. Also very importantly, means are provided for introducing a gas stream to the throat and downstream of the nozzle means in a swirling direction opposite to that of the swirling combustion air stream.

Abstract: A process and an apparatus for the thermal incineration of oxidizable substances in a process gas are proposed, whereby the process gas is conveyed through an afterburning apparatus (10) comprising, inter alia, a combustion chamber (18) chamber and a process gas outlet (24) in order to remove purified exhaust gas from the process gas outlet (24), and to mix said purified gas in which the process gas in order to maintain a constant concentration of the process gas.

Abstract: A burner includes a number of flame ports each having a fuel supply passage and provided on a pair of opposite walls of a combustion chamber such that each of the walls and the fuel supply passages define a cooling passage. In the burner, a wide stable flame region is achieved at a high excess air ratio, the amount of NOx produced is reduced and backfire is prevented by cooling the fuel supply passages. Furthermore, a flame area per unit area of each flame port is increased such that the burner can effect high-load combustion.

Abstract: A regenerative burner includes a chamber containing heat storage bodies which extract heat from hot products of combustion flowing through the burner during one part of a cycle of operation and yield up that heat to incoming air during a further part of the cycle.

Abstract: An improved method and burner apparatus for simultaneously incinerating liquid, dry gas and wet gas streams such as the vent streams in a chemical plant or the like are provided. The method comprises combining the dry gas and wet gas streams, heating the resultant combined stream to thereby prevent condensation from occurring, flowing the heated combined stream through a gas distributing nozzle means, flowing the liquid stream through a liquid atomizing and atomized liquid distributing nozzle means positioned adjacent the gas distributing nozzle means, mixing air with the gas and atomized liquid distributed by the nozzle means, and igniting and combusting the resulting air-gas-atomized liquid mixture. Burner apparatus for carrying out the method is also provided.

Abstract: A fuel fume generator kit with a fuel tank having a fuel entry chamber and a vacuum chamber separated by a baffle, said baffle having apertures defined at the bottom thereof to allow the fuel to pass from the entry chamber to the vacuum chamber; means to heat the fuel in said tank; means to provide vacuum to the vacuum chamber to cause the fuel therein to create fumes; means to carry the fuel fumes to pressure means to be then pressurized in a line extending to the device in which the vaporized fuel is to be burned having on the pressure line a reserve tank to build up and contain a pressure therein to help maintain a constant pressure at the device where the fuel is to be burned; and a pressure switch controlling the pressure in the pressure line interconnected to the pressure means with a pressure relief valve operated at a set pressure level on the pressure line near the device to be operated.

Abstract: A method for the combustion of liquid fuels in the gaseous state comprising the steps of evaporating fuel in a gasification chamber and burning the gasified fuel after it leaves the gasification chamber with a controlled amount of air. This is controlled by the pressure in the gasification chamber in such a way that the correct stoichiometric relationship between fuel and air is not altered by factors such as temperature and viscosity of the liquid fuel. The invention includes the apparatus used to carry out the process, and, particularly, means (37) to adjust air supply control means (25) according to the pressure in the gasification chamber (21).

Abstract: An atomizer injects fuel oil into one end of a heated tube. As the atomized fuel travels down the tube, it is vaporized. A nozzle at the other end of the tube assures that pressure is built up in the tube so that fuel oil vapor is applied as a steady continuous stream from the nozzle directly into a combustion chamber where it is mixed with ambient air and burned. Ambient air is drawn into the combustion chamber through a vent and a blower is not used. A secondary tube is in communication with the main tube through a bore in the side wall of the main heating tube near the outlet nozzle. A screen at the outlet nozzle prevents particles from clogging the nozzle. These particles fall into the secondary tube to be collected in a sump at the end of the secondary tube. Electric current is passed through the walls of the main heating tube and the secondary tube to generate heat to vaporize the fuel and to provide a temperature gradient along the main heating tube such that a maximum temperature of above 400.degree.

Abstract: A vaporizing apparatus includes a vaporizing chamber for producing vapors from a hydrocarbon fuel which are drawn into a mixing chamber by pressurized air, and the mixture is delivered to a manifold where a portion is return to the vaporizing chamber and ignited for heating and vaporization, a safety control system sensing the presence of a flame and the temperature of the vaporization chamber and interrupts flow of vapors when the flame is absent or the temperature is outside prescribed limits. A starter burner which uses the hydrocarbon fuel as a combustible material for preheating the vaporizing chamber is also automatically shut off by the control system when the vaporization chamber reaches the operating temperature. The starter burner includes a mixing valve and a combustion chamber with mixing chamber therebetween for drawing ambient air into the mixture of pressurized air and combustible material.

Abstract: A burner has a gasification chamber (11) without air inlet openings so that the evaporation of fuel takes place essentially without air. A motor (15) drives wipers (17) which distribute the fuel over a heatable wall (19) of a gasification chamber 11 and remove deposits therefrom. A bellows (35) and a ventilator (45) comprise heat barriers between hot portions of the burner and the motor 15.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for the preheating of oil before combustion in an oil burner utilizing a cannister containing a coil adapted for oil to circulate therethrough which cannister being further adapted for hot water of the heating system to circulate therethrough in order to heat the oil in the cannister.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of operating a furnace with gas turbine exhaust as preheated combustion air, in which a gas seal is used. The gas seal housing may for example be a J-shaped tubular device depending from the duct through which the exhaust air flows to the burners, and is open at one end to the duct and open at the other end to the atmosphere. The variation permissible of duct pressure atop the seal in order to keep the seal intact is a function of the vertical range of the interface between the gases in the device and the difference in density between the two gases and can be controlled by adjustment of the damper setting. In normal operation the hot exhaust air flows to the furnace burners under the suction controlled by the damper. The seal is disrupted when the flow of exhaust air is reduced, the colder atmospheric air then being admitted and flowing to the burners so that the furnace continues in operation.