Abstract: Methods of producing C4 dicarboxylic acids are disclosed. Nucleotide sequences encoding pyruvate carboxylase and uses of such nucleotide sequences in the production of C4 dicarboxylic acids are further disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to eukaryotic cells which have the ability to isomerise xylose directly into xylulose. The cells have acquired this ability by transformation with nucleotide sequences coding for a xylose isomerase that has one or more specific sequence elements typical for isomerases having the ability of functional expression in yeasts, such as e.g. xylose isomerases obtainable from a bacterium of the genera Clostridiumand Fusobacteriumor a tunicate form the genus Ciona. The cell preferably is a yeast or a filamentous fungus, more preferably a yeast is capable of anaerobic alcoholic fermentation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a recombinant fungus comprising an enzyme which catalyses the conversion of malic acid to fumaric acid in the cytosol. The invention further relates to a process for the production of a dicarboxylic acid such as fumaric acid and succinic acid, wherein the recombinant fungus is used.

Abstract: The present invention relates to isolated polypeptides having C4-dicarboxylic acid transporter activity and isolated polynucleotides encoding the polypeptides. The invention also relates to nucleic acid constructs, vectors, and host cells comprising the polynucleotides as well as methods of producing and using the polypeptides, and methods of producing C4-dicarboxylic acids, such as malic acid.

Abstract: An organic acid is produced by allowing a bacterium which has an ability to produce an organic acid and has been modified so that expression of yidE gene is enhanced, or a product obtained by processing the bacterium, to act on an organic raw material in a reaction mixture containing carbonate ions, bicarbonate ions, or carbon dioxide gas to produce the organic acid, and collecting the organic acid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to bacterial strains, capable of utilizing glycerol as a carbon source for the fermentative production of succinic acid, wherein said strains are genetically modified so that they comprise a deregulation of their endogenous pyruvate-formate-lyase enzyme activity, as well as to methods of producing organic acids, in particular succinic acid, by making use of such microorganism. The present invention also relates to the downstream processing of the produced organic acids by cation exchange chromatography.

Abstract: The invention relates to an isolated, genetically modified microorganism, wherein compared to the wild type a) the idh1 and idp1 genes have been deleted or inactivated, and/or b) the sdh2 and sdh1 genes have been deleted or inactivated, and/or c) the PDC2 gene has been deleted or inactivated or is under the control of a promoter which can be suppressed or induced by exposure of the microorganism using an inductor substance, and/or d) one or more genes from the group consisting of ICL1, MLS1, ACS1 and MDH3 has been replaced or supplemented by a corresponding foreign gene or corresponding foreign genes from Crabtree-negative organisms, and to the uses thereof.

Abstract: The present invention provides recombinant nucleic acid constructs comprising a xylose isomerase polynucleotide, a recombinant fungal host cell comprising a recombinant xylose isomerase polynucleotide, and related methods.

Abstract: A process of separating suspended solids from a fermentation liquor by subjecting the liquor to a solids-liquid separation stage, wherein the fermentation liquor is produced in a fermentation process for the production of a fermentation product, in which the liquor has been subjected to a temperature of at least 50° C., wherein the solids-liquid separation stage is assisted by a treatment system, characterised in that the treatment system comprises an anionic polymer selected from natural polymers and modified natural polymers having a high anionic charge such that the equivalent weight is below 300, and synthetic polymers formed from at least 50% by weight anionic monomer units.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to the field of food and drinks. In particular, for example, a composition is provided that allows to provide tartaric and/or caffeic acid to a subject. One embodiment of the present invention is a composition comprising an ingredient containing chicoric acid and/or derivatives thereof, and a lactic acid bacterium capable of hydrolysing chicoric acid and/or derivatives thereof to generate tartaric and/or caffeic acid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of nucleic acid molecules coding for a bacterial xylose isomerase (XI), preferably coming from Clostridium phytofermentans, for reaction/metabolization, particularly fermentation, of recombinant microorganisms of biomaterial containing xylose, and particularly for the production of bioalcohols, particularly bioethanol, by means of xylose fermenting yeasts. The present invention further relates to cells, particularly eukaryotic cells, which are transformed utilizing a nucleic acid expression construct which codes for a xylose isomerase, wherein the expression of the nucleic acid expression construct imparts to the cells the capability to directly isomerize xylose into xylulose. Said cells are preferably utilized for reaction/metabolization, particularly fermentation, of biomaterial containing xylose, and particularly for the production of bioalcohols, particularly bioethanol.

Abstract: Glycerol or other reduced carbon sources may be used as a feedstock for the microbial production of chemical products under certain microaerobic conditions. For example, such production may occur under microaerobic or microrespiratory conditions in which electron acceptors are consumed in the reaction as quickly as they are added. In such reactions, the reaction product is at least as reduced as carbon source. Further, during such a reaction, at least some of the carbon source is used to generate cell mass. In addition, microorganisms with modified genomes are provided for carrying out the methods herein.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a transformed microorganism capable of (a) a higher xylose isomerase activity than the equivalent microorganism prior to transformation; and/or (b) a higher growth rate in or on a growth medium comprising xylose than the equivalent microorganism prior to transformation; and/or (c) a faster metabolism of xylose than the equivalent microorganism prior to transformation; and/or (d) a higher production of ethanol when grown anaerobically on xylose as the carbon source than the equivalent microorganism prior to transformation.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a monovalent succinate salt includes: a) fermenting a carbohydrate source to succinic acid by means of a micro-organism, b) adding a alkaline earth metal hydroxide, carbonate and/or hydrogencarbonate, the alkaline earth metal being calcium or magnesium, as neutralising agent during the fermentation in an aqueous medium and causing the formation of calcium succinate or magnesium succinate, c) reacting the alkaline earth metal succinate salt in an aqueous medium with a monovalent hydroxide, carbonate and/or hydrogencarbonate base to form an alkaline earth metal hydroxide, carbonate and/or hydrogencarbonate and a monovalent succinate salt, d) separating the monovalent succinate salt from the alkaline earth metal hydroxide, carbonate and/or hydrogencarbonate, and e) recycling the alkaline earth metal hydroxide, carbonate and/or hydrogencarbonate to step b.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the production of a dicarboxylic acid. The process comprises fermenting a yeast in the presence of a carbohydrate-containing substrate and low amounts of oxygen at a pH value at which at least 50% of the dicarboxylic acid is in the acid form. The process of the present invention allows for high yields of the dicarboxylic acid product and is more cost-effective than existing processes in which the salt is produced which during recovery has to be converted to the acid. It also leads to a simpler and more convenient downstream processing.

Abstract: Microorganisms for the production of high-value chemicals from free fatty acids are provided. The microorganisms comprise genetic mutations that alter fatty acid metabolism. The genetic mutations include a mutation or deletion of a fadR gene in which the FadR enzyme activity is partially or substantially eliminated and a mutation in an atoC gene that provides overexpression of the microorganism's ato operon. Methods of using the microorganisms to produce high-value chemicals are also provided. The high-value chemicals include ethanol, methyl acetate, succinate, gamma-butyrolactone, 1,4-butanediol, acetone, iso-propanol, butyrate, butanol, mevalonate, propionate, ethanolamine and 1,2-propanediol.

Abstract: The present invention provides a resin capable of contributing greatly to solve environmental problems and problems related to exhaustion of fossil fuel resources and having physical properties suited for practical use. The polyester according to the present invention has a diol and a dicarboxylic acid as constituent components and has an amount of terminal acid of 50 equivalents/metric ton or less.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods of degrading plant biomass, and microorganisms and polypeptides used in such methods, hi certain embodiments, the methods include growing Anaerocellum thermophilum on a substrate that comprises plant biomass under conditions effective for the A. thermophilum to convert at least a portion of the plant biomass to a water soluble product or a water insoluble product, hi some cases, the method can further include one or more steps to further process the water soluble product or a water insoluble product to produce, for example, a biofuel or commodity chemical. In another aspect, microorganisms that include at least one A. thermophilum plant biomass utilization polynucleotide are disclosed. Also disclosed are methods of transferring one or more A. thermophilum plant biomass utilization polynucleotides to a recipient microorganism. A. thermophilum plant biomass utilization polynucleotides and polypeptides encoded by such polynucleotides are also disclosed.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a method for efficiently producing an oligomer or a monomer by degrading a biodegradable resin using an enzyme, so that the oligomer or the monomer can be recovered. The present invention provides a method for producing an oligomer and/or a monomer by degrading a biodegradable resin in a degradation liquid containing a biodegradation enzyme, a buffer agent, an organic solvent, and water. In this method, the SP value of the organic solvent is less than 8.5 or more than 11.5, and the percentage content of the organic solvent (by volume) in the degradation liquid is higher than 1% and lower than 15%. In the method for producing an oligomer or a monomer, the degradation percentage of the biodegradable resin is low, and deposits of aggregates of the oligomer and/or the monomer are few, so that the recovery percentage is high.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method of hydrolysis of wet fiber and a method for preparing ethanol. Generally, an agricultural plant material, such as corn hulls, distiller's dried grains, or spent germ, is treated to at least partially hydrolyze the fiber. The process may include a maceration step followed by a shearing operation in the presence of steam to yield a treated product, in which, in many embodiments, saccharides will be released and unbound from fibrous portions of the agricultural product. In some embodiments, the process includes macerating the material to provide a slurry having a solids content of at least 10 percent and jet cooking the slurry. A mixture of saccharides prepared in this fashion may be fermented to yield ethanol and/or biochemicals.

Abstract: The invention provides a non-naturally occurring microbial organism having an adipate, 6-aminocaproic acid or caprolactam pathway. The microbial organism contains at least one exogenous nucleic acid encoding an enzyme in the respective adipate, 6-aminocaproic acid or caprolactam pathway. The invention additionally provides a method for producing adipate, 6-aminocaproic acid or caprolactam. The method can include culturing an adipate, 6-aminocaproic acid or caprolactam producing microbial organism, where the microbial organism expresses at least one exogenous nucleic acid encoding an adipate, 6-aminocaproic acid or caprolactam pathway enzyme in a sufficient amount to produce the respective product, under conditions and for a sufficient period of time to produce adipate, 6-aminocaproic acid or caprolactam.

Abstract: The invention relates to processes and biocatalysts for producing ethanol and other useful products from biomass and/or other materials. Initial processing of lignocellulosic biomass frequently yields methylglucuronoxylose (MeGAX) and related products which are resistant to further processing by common biocatalysts. Strains of Enterobacter asburiae are shown to be useful in bioprocessing of MeGAX and other materials into useful bioproducts such as ethanol, acetate, lactate, and many others. Genetic engineering may be used to enhance production of desired bioproducts.

Abstract: Provided is a bacterium which is capable of producing an organic acid and is modified so as to have an enhanced 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase activity as compared with that of an unmodified strain. An organic acid such as succinic acid can be produced by culturing the bacterium.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cell which comprises a nucleotide sequence encoding a xylose isomerase, wherein the amino acid sequence of the xylose isomerase has at least about 70% sequence identity to the amino acid sequence set out in SEQ ID NO: 3 and wherein the nucleotide sequence is heterologous to the host. A cell of the invention may be used in a process for producing a fermentation product, such as ethanol. Such a process may comprise fermenting a medium containing a source of xylose with a cell of the invention such that the cell ferments xylose to the fermentation product.

Abstract: A method for the modification of a material comprising a non-starch carbohydrate, which method comprises contacting said material comprising a non-starch carbohydrate with a polypeptide which has peroxidase activity and which is: a. a polypeptide comprising an amino acid sequence having at least 55% homology with an amino acid sequence set out in any one of: amino acids 21 to 513 of SEQ NO: 2; amino acids 20 to 510 of SEQ ID NO: 4; amino acids 1 to 493 of SEQ ID NO 6; or amino acids 1 to 491 of SEQ ID NO: 8 or b. a polypeptide encoded by a polynucleotide comprising the nucleotide sequence having at least 55% homology with a nucleotide sequence set out in any one of: nucleotides 61 to 1539 of SEQ ID NO: 1; nucleotides 58 to 1530 of SEQ ID NO: 3; nucleotides 1 to 1479 of SEQ ID NO: 5; or nucleotides 1 to 1473 of SEQ ID NO: 7.

Abstract: This invention provides systems and methods for the production of compounds by C. phytofermentans. C. phytofermentans is genetically-engineered for hydrolysis and fermentation of carbonaceous biomass to synthesize compounds of commercial value.

Abstract: The present invention provides a resin capable of contributing greatly to solve environmental problems and problems related to exhaustion of fossil fuel resources and having physical properties suited for practical use. The polyester according to the present invention has a diol and a dicarboxylic acid as constituent components and has an amount of terminal acid of 50 equivalents/metric ton or less.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for obtaining enhanced metabolite production in micro-organisms, and to mutants and/or transformants obtained with said method. More particularly, it relates to bacterial mutants and/or transformants for enhanced succinate production, especially mutants and/or transformants that are affected in the import and export of succinate.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the production of a fermentation product from lignocellulosic biomass, to a reactor to carry out the method and to use of the reactor to produce a fermentation product.

Abstract: Coryneform bacterium is modified so that an activity of acetyl-CoA hydrolase is decreased, and succinic acid is produced by using the bacterium.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a recombinant yeast comprising a nucleotide sequence encoding a heterologous enzyme that catalyses the conversion of malic acid to fumaric acid. The invention further relates to a process for the production of a dicarboxylic acid wherein the yeast according to the present invention is used.

Abstract: The invention relates to an isolated genetically modified microorganism in which the gene IDH1 and at least one of the genes SDH2 and DIC1 are under the control of a first promoter that is repressed to a growth culture medium by means of a cultivation additive and is active in the absence of the cultivation additive. The genes that are part of the group comprising “PYC1, ACS1, CIT1, ACO1, ICL1, MSL1, and CIT2, optionally also MDH3” are constitutively active. The invention further relates to uses of such a microorganism, especially for producing succinic acid.

Abstract: Crabtree positive yeast cells that have endogenous expressed pyruvate decarboxylase genes inactivated and an engineered biosynthetic pathway utilizing pyruvate were found to have improved growth and product yield when glucose repression was reduced. These cells were able to grow in media containing a high glucose concentration.

Abstract: The invention relates to a nucleic acid sequence encoding an Aspergillus mitochondrial tricarboxylic acid transporter that can be used in the production of itaconic acid in micro-organisms. Preferably said transporter protein is the protein encoded by the nucleic acid which is located on a chromosome segment of A. terreus that also harbours other genes involved in the itaconic acid biosynthesis and the lovastatin biosynthesis. Also, vectors, hosts and transformed micro-organisms are part of the invention.

Abstract: A coryneform bacterium transformant prepared by transferring an exogenous gene which encodes a protein having a sugar transporter function into a coryneform bacterium capable of utilizing D-xylose.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for selecting a strain of an organism capable of improved consumption of a mixed substrate comprising two or more carbon sources as compared to a reference strain of the organism, which method comprises: growing a population of the reference strain of the organism in the presence of the two or more carbon sources, wherein the number of generations of growth of the said population on each of the said carbon sources is at least about 50% of the number of generations of growth on the carbon source most preferred by the organism; and selecting the resulting strain of the organism, thereby to select a strain of the organism capable of improved consumption of a mixed substrate comprising the two or more carbon sources as compared to the reference strain of the organism. The invention also relates to strains of organisms selected using such a method.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the production of a dicarboxylic acid wherein a eukaryotic cell is fermented in a suitable fermentation medium. The invention further relates to a eukaryotic cell comprising a nucleotide sequence encoding an enzyme which catalyses the conversion of isocitric acid to succinic acid, and a nucleotide sequence encoding an enzyme which catalyses the conversion of glyoxylic acid to malic acid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the production of organic acids with yeasts that overexpress at least one sugar transporter. The yeast might express further genes related to the production of the desired organic acid. The organic acid is produced by cultivation of the yeast overexpressing a sugar transporter in an adequate culture medium, whereupon the desired organic acid is accumulated in the culture medium and subsequently purified to the desired degree by techniques known in the art.

Abstract: Methods of increasing yields of succinate using aerobic culture methods and a multi-mutant E. coli strain are provided. Also provided is a mutant strain of E. coli that produces high amounts of succinic acid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of producing a C4 dicarboxylic acid, comprising: (a) cultivating a filamentous fungal host cell comprising a polynucleotide selected from the group consisting of a heterologous first polynucleotide encoding a C4 dicarboxylic acid transporter, a heterologous second polynucleotide encoding a malate dehydrogenase, and a heterologous third polynucleotide encoding a pyruvate carboxylase; wherein the filamentous fungal host cell is capable of secreting increased levels of the C4 dicarboxylic acid compared to the filamentous fungal host cell without the heterologous polynucleotide when cultivated under the same conditions; and (b) recovering the C4 dicarboxylic acid. The present invention also relates to methods for increasing C4 dicarboxylic acid production, filamentous fungal host cells and malate dehydrogenase variants.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to modified yeast, wherein the yeast has reduced pyruvate decarboxylase polypeptide (PDC) activity and methods of using such yeast to produce malic and/or succinic acid.

Abstract: The present invention provides a resin capable of contributing greatly to solve environmental problems and problems related to exhaustion of fossil fuel resources and having physical properties suited for practical use. The polyester according to the present invention has a diol and a dicarboxylic acid as constituent components and has an amount of terminal acid of 50 equivalents/metric ton or less.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing an aqueous glucose solution from the starch components of Triticeae grains, for example from rye, triticale or in particular wheat grains. The invention also relates to a glucose-based fermentation method for manufacturing organic compounds in which the glucose manufactured for fermentation is produced from the starch components of Triticeae grains by way of a method according to the invention.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel bacterial strain designated DD1, which has the ability to produce organic acids, in particular succinic acid (SA), which was originally isolated from bovine rumen, and is capable of utilizing glycerol as a carbon source; and variant strains derived there from retaining said capability; as well as to methods of producing organic acids, in particular succinic acid by making use of said microorganism.

Abstract: A process of separating suspended solids from a fermentation liquor by subjecting the liquor to a solids-liquid separation stage, wherein the fermentation liquor is produced in a fermentation process for the production of a fermentation product, and which liquor comprises lignin, wherein the solids-liquid separation stage is assisted by a treatment system, characterised in that the treatment system comprises an anionic polymer, with the proviso that the treatment system and does not include a cationic polymer having an intrinsic viscosity (IV) of at least 4 dl/g.

Abstract: Cis-aconitate decarboxylase mutants having one or more mutations in a C-terminal region as compared with a wild-type cis-aconitate decarboxylase of Aspergillus terreus.

Abstract: The invention provides a non-naturally occurring microbial organism having an adipate, 6-aminocaproic acid or caprolactam pathway. The microbial organism contains at least one exogenous nucleic acid encoding an enzyme in the respective adipate, 6-aminocaproic acid or caprolactam pathway. The invention additionally provides a method for producing adipate, 6-aminocaproic acid or caprolactam. The method can include culturing an adipate, 6-aminocaproic acid or caprolactam producing microbial organism, where the microbial organism expresses at least one exogenous nucleic acid encoding an adipate, 6-aminocaproic acid or caprolactam pathway enzyme in a sufficient amount to produce the respective product, under conditions and for a sufficient period of time to produce adipate, 6-aminocaproic acid or caprolactam.

Abstract: Cis-aconitate decarboxylase mutants having one or more mutations in a C-terminal region as compared with a wild-type cis-aconitate decarboxylase of Aspergillus terreus.

Abstract: The invention relates to the production of itaconic acid in micro-organisms by introducting into a suitable host cell a gene coding for the enzyme cis-aconitic acid decarboxylase, preferably derived from A. terreus. Further part of the invention are host cells, preferably from A. niger, provided with the above mentioned genes.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods for producing succinic acid and/or succinate ions by fermentation under anaerobic conditions.