Abstract: Polypeptides with xylanase activity modified to increase bran solubilization and/or xylanase activity. The modification comprises at least an amino acid modification i position 110 and may have further modifications of one or more amino acids in position 11, 12, 13, 34, 54, 77, 81, 99, 104, 113, 114, 118, 122, 141, 154, 159, 162, 164, 166 or 175 wherein the positions are determined as the position corresponding the position of Bacillus subtilis xylanase (SEQ ID NO 1) The polypeptides have at least 88% identity with SEQ ID NO 1 or 75% identity to a sequence selected from SEQ ID NO 2-22.

Abstract: A method for sorting pluripotent cells using a compound which is eliminated from the pluripotent cells through the MDR1 transporter.

Abstract: The discovery of clonally pure populations of serosal cancer stem cells (CSCs) as well as methods of producing CSCs, culturing the CSCs and using them in screening assays, has lead to the development of methods of treating serosal and ovarian cancers by targeting removal or inhibition of the glycocalyx coat surrounding such cells, and includes combination therapies using particular chemotherapeutics in conjunction with glycocalyx inhibitors, as well as the same new chemotherapy treatments without targeting the glycocalyx, where the chemotherapeutic agent is any one of LBH-589 (Panobinostat), NVP-AUY922, LAQ824 (NVP-LAQ824, Dacinostat), colchicine, brefeldin A, diphenyleneiodonium chloride, any combination thereof or another agent identified herein. These treatment methods of the invention can also be used in combination with radiation treatment or other conventional cancer therapy.

Abstract: The present invention provides fusion proteins as biomarkers specific for chromosomal translocation-based conditions (e.g., cancer), related methods for detecting fusion protein biomarkers associated with chromosomal translocation-based conditions, related methods for quantifying amount of fusion protein expression, and related methods for diagnosing chromosomal translocation-based conditions through detection of such fusion protein biomarkers. Such fusion protein biomarkers and related methods additionally find use in research settings.

Abstract: A multidimensional profiling strategy that combines activity-based proteomics and metabolomics was used to determine that an active protein, which is a previously uncharacterized enzyme highly elevated in aggressive cancer cells, serves as a central node in an ether lipid signaling network that bridges platelet-activating factor and the lysophospholipids. Biochemical studies confirmed that the active protein regulates this pathway by hydrolyzing the metabolic intermediate 2-acetyl monoalkylglycerol. Inactivation of the active protein disrupted ether lipid metabolism in cancer cells and impaired cell migration and tumor growth in vivo.

Abstract: A method of treating Gaucher's disease in a subject in need thereof is provided. The method comprising orally administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of recombinant glucocerecbrosidase (GCD) comprised in plant cells, wherein said therapeutically effective amount of GCD corresponds to 1-1920 units/Kg/14 days, thereby treating Gaucher's disease. Also provide unit dosage forms which comprise the glucocerecbrosidase (GCD) comprised in plant cells.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a biosensor comprising a hydrogel capable of immobilizing a physiologically active substance thereon, which can be produced conveniently by use of a safe material, and a method for producing the same. The present invention provides a method for producing a biosensor, which comprises bringing a polymer containing an activated carboxyl group into contact with a substrate surface coated with an organic layer having an amino group to thereby bind the polymer to the organic layer.

Abstract: Embodiments include types of programmable surface-enhanced spectroscopy (SES) particles (PSPs), including PSP 200 having a SES-active surface 202 and a programmable reporter 206 associated with the SES surface 202 and methods of fabricating and using same. The programmable reporter 206 provides that the PSP 200 will return a controlled but variable signal in response to spectroscopic interrogation. The spectroscopic signal can be triggered to change externally or the signal may naturally vary over time.

Abstract: Disclosed is that the most crucial point in the quantitative analysis of MALDI-TOF MS is to minimize quantitative variances (RSDs, relative standard deviations) of peak intensities of obtained spectrum data. The minimized RSD is translated into improved reproducibility of the data and finally leads to high accuracy of the results. Several technical procedures based on the concept of automatization to reduce the RSDs (to less than 10%) in the MALDI-TOF MS of serum glycans were proposed for the preparation steps of extracting the targeted glycans from human blood and sample loading processes onto the plates. The presented techniques described in the examples proved the contributions of the present invention to enhanced reproducibility of the MALDI-TOF MS and consequently to improved screening accuracy for the differentiation of the benign ovarian tumor patients from the borderline ovarian tumor patients in comparison with accuracy of differentiation based on other analysis methods.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for analyzing degradation of a biomass material at a high dry weight percentage.

Abstract: New chemiluminescent compounds, stable in aqueous buffers, for use in biological assaying include acridane-based compounds and 1,2-dioxetanes. Among the new acridane-based compounds are water-soluble acridanes, enhancer coupled acridanes, bis and tris-acridanes as well as acridane-1,2-dioxetanes. Among the new 1,2-dioxetanes are electron deficient group-containing dioxetanes and tethered bis-1,2-dioxetanes. The 1,2-dioxetanes are useful as substrates for various enzymes. The acridanes can be admixed with an oxidizing agent, an aqueous buffer and, optionally, a stabilizer to form a substrate or reagent formulation useful for assaying, inter alia, HRP.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds that modulate ribosomal frameshifting and nucleic acid constructs for use in methods for identifying or validation of compounds that modulate ribosomal frameshifting. In particular, the present invention relates to the use of nucleic acid constructs to identify or validate compounds capable of modulating the efficiency of programmed ribosomal frameshifting and the use of compounds that modulate the efficiency of programmed ribosomal frameshifting to inhibit the replication or infectivity of viruses that employ programmed ribosomal frameshifting.

Abstract: Inhibitors of the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) are provided that incorporate multiple pharmacophores and are useful in the treatment of diseases. In some embodiments, the present invention provides a method for monitoring the activity of a soluble epoxide hydrolase, the method including contacting the soluble epoxide hydrolase with an amount of a compound of the present invention sufficient to produce a detectable change in the fluorescence of the soluble epoxide hydrolase by interacting with one or more tryptophan residues present in the catalytic site of said sEH.

Abstract: Modified PH20 hyaluronidase polypeptides that exhibit stability and activity under thermal stress conditions are provided. Also provided are compositions and formulations and uses thereof.

Abstract: A microfluidic device for glycan analysis includes a deglycosylation column comprising a glycosidase attached to a solid support; a tagging column comprising a reactive ester for reaction with an amino group, wherein the tagging column is arranged downstream of the deglycosylation column; an analytical column comprising a stationary phase capable of separating a derivatized glycan; and a plurality of inlet/outlet ports configured to connect with channels on a switching element to form flow paths.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods, devices, systems and compositions for detecting and/or modifying chemical agents. In some embodiments, a biosensor may be configured to detect a chemical agent, modify that agent to a form with reduced toxicity, and/or detect the modified form of the chemical agent. The present disclosure also relates, in some embodiments, to variant organophosphorus hydrolase having one or more desirable amino acid substitutions.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are “equipment-free” flow-through assay devices based on patterned porous media, methods of making same, and methods of using same. The porous, hydrophilic media are patterned with hydrophobic barriers for performing assays on liquids.

Abstract: Methods that enable one to specifically measure the metabolic product of a particular molecule in relatively few cells, e.g. primary cells, are described. The methods involve optionally preloading cells with labeled substrate (e.g. labeled by 13C, 15N, or 31P). The methods allow for easy identification of metabolites that are differentially generated in cells of different phenotypes. The new methods for unbiased multi-dimensional NMR screening and rapid and efficient analysis of the NMR screening identify differentially expressed metabolites in different cell or tissue types. Analysis of the differentially expressed metabolites can present unique druggable targets to which small molecule therapeutics can be designed.

Abstract: A mutant hydrolase optionally fused to a protein of interest is provided. The mutant hydrolase is capable of forming a bond with a substrate for the corresponding nonmutant (wild-type) hydrolase which is more stable than the bond formed between the wild-type hydrolase and the substrate. Substrates for hydrolases comprising one or more functional groups are also provided, as well as methods of using the mutant hydrolase and the substrates of the invention. Also provided is a fusion protein capable of forming a stable bond with a substrate and cells which express the fusion protein.

Abstract: A novel type of dye systems comprises a selection of 10H-indolo[1,2-a]indole compounds (henceforth abbreviated as IO compounds) and (5H,7H)-indolo[1,2-a]quinoline compounds (henceforth abbreviated as IQ compounds) showing a solvatochromic effect and exhibiting strong fluorescence in a variety of materials such as polypropylene, polyethylene, oils, various solvents, emulsions. Also disclosed are various methods how the IO/IQ compounds can be administered, especially how they can be produced and administered in situ from a precursor, responding to external stimuli such as enzyme activity, temperature and so forth. The response of a precursor to external stimuli can also be used to determine the presence or absence of such stimuli.

Abstract: Methods are provided for the prognosis, diagnosis and treatment of various pathological states, including cancer, chemotherapy resistance and dementia associated with Alzheimer's disease. The methods provided herein are based on the discovery that various proteins with a high level of sialylation are shown herein to be associated with disease states, such as, cancer, chemotherapy resistance and dementia associated with Alzheimer's disease. Such methods provide a lysosomal exocytosis activity profile comprising one or more values representing lysosomal exocytosis activity. Also provided herein, is the discovery that low lysosomal sialidase activity is associated with various pathological states. Thus, the methods also provide a lysosomal sialidase activity profile, comprising one or more values representing lysosomal sialidase activity. A lysosomal sialidase activity profile is one example of a lysosomal exocytosis activity profile.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel methods for determining the presence or amount of a hydrolytic enzyme in a sample, based on novel substrates for the enzymes, and also provides compositions and methods that provide highly sensitive assay methods for such hydrolytic enzymes.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided for detecting molecular translocations, particularly protein translocations within and between sub-cellular compartments, using at least two components that exhibit a localization-dependent difference in complementation activity. In particular, alpha-complementing ?-galactosidase fragments are provided. These ?-galactosidase reporter fragments display significantly enhanced enzymatic activity when one fragment is localized in a membrane. Methods for carrying out no-wash ELISA assays based on the reporter component system are also provided.

Abstract: An apparatus for processing a sample using microwaves comprises: a reaction vessel comprising a chamber which accommodates a refrigerant and a sample and an injection port through which a gas is injected; a microwave source which irradiates microwaves into the chamber; a connector which carries the gas injected through the injection port; and a gas supplier which is located in the chamber and injects the gas carried by the connector to a refrigerant in the chamber. The connector may comprise a gas carrying portion located above the level of the refrigerant in the chamber.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for screening and evaluating ameliorants of dry skin caused by atopic dermatitis, comprising: evaluating a candidate drug as being an ameliorant of dry skin caused by atopic dermatitis in the case the candidate drug significantly increases expression and/or activity of bleomycin hydrolase in comparison with a control drug.

Abstract: A method of detecting a Salmonella microorganism is provided. The method includes the use of a selective growth medium, a first indicator system that is converted to a first detectable product by a Salmonella microorganism, and a second indicator system that is converted to a second detectable product by ?-galactosidase enzyme activity. The method further comprises inoculating the growth medium and incubating the inoculated growth medium at a temperature higher than 40 degrees C.

Abstract: The present invention describes novel dyes, including coumarins, rhodamines, and rhodols that incorporate additional fused aromatic rings. The dyes of the invention absorb at a longer wavelength than structurally similar dyes that do not possess the fused aromatic rings. Many of the dyes of the invention are useful fluorescent dyes. The invention includes chemically reactive dyes, dye-conjugates, and the use of such dyes in staining samples and detecting ligands or other analytes.

Abstract: The invention provides histone deacetylase class II nucleic acids and polypeptides, methods and reagents for their use, and related compounds including small molecule libraries containing class II histone deacetylase inhibitors.

Abstract: A mutant hydrolase optionally fused to a protein of interest is provided. The mutant hydrolase is capable of forming a bond with a substrate for the corresponding nonmutant (wild-type) hydrolase which is more stable than the bond formed between the wild-type hydrolase and the substrate. Substrates for hydrolases comprising one or more functional groups are also provided, as well as methods of using the mutant hydrolase and the substrates of the invention. Also provided is a fusion protein capable of forming a stable bond with a substrate and cells which express the fusion protein.

Abstract: A compound represented by the formula (I) (R1 represents a substituent on the benzene ring; R2 represents a monovalent substituent; R3 and R4 represent hydrogen atom, or an alkyl group; R5 and R6 represent an alkyl group, or an aryl group; R7 and R8 represent hydrogen atom, or an alkyl group; R9 and R10 represent hydrogen atom, or a monovalent substituent; and X represents silicon atom, germanium atom, or tin atom), or a salt thereof.

Abstract: A kit and method for evaluating in vitro the effect of a xenobiotic (e.g., a biologic drug) on drug metabolism in hepatocytes. The kit comprises a first culture of hepatocytes, a portion of in vitro xenobiotic-stimulated biological sample, and instructions for incubating the first culture of hepatocytes with the portion of in vitro xenobiotic-stimulated biological sample, and analyzing the activity, expression, or a combination thereof of a biomarker in the hepatocytes to evaluate the effect of the xenobiotic on drug metabolism in the hepatocytes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a culture medium for detecting pathogenic Yersinia enterocolitica bacteria, comprising at least one chromogenic agent which is a substrate of an acetyl-glucosaminidase, to a method of detection using such a medium and to the use of such a medium for the detection of pathogenic Yersinia enterocolitica bacteria.

Abstract: A method and a means are provided, by which multiple types of cells can be simultaneously measured with high sensitivity by an ATP luminescence method. A method for measuring cells in a sample is provided, which comprises the steps of adding methanol to a sample suspected of containing viable cells to increase ATP within viable cells, extracting intracellular ATP, and causing extracted ATP to emit luminescence.

Abstract: The invention encompasses the use of a lipolytic enzyme obtainable from one of the following genera: Streptomyces, Corynebacterium and Thermobifida in various methods and uses, wherein the lipolytic enzyme hydrolyzes a glycolipid or a phospholipid or transfers an acyl group from a glycolipid or phospholipids to an acyl acceptor. The present invention also relates to a lipolytic enzyme that hydrolyzes at least a galactolipid or transfers an acyl group from a galactolipid to one or more acyl acceptor substrates, wherein the enzyme is obtainable from Corynebacterium species.

Abstract: The invention relates to a compound of Formula I: F1-X1-L1-X2-P1-X3-G1??(Formula I).

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for collecting, preparing, and/or analyzing a biological sample. A sample collection site may be utilized with one or more sample processing device. The sample processing device may be configured to accept a sample from a subject. The sample processing device may perform one or more sample preparation step and/or chemical reaction involving the sample. Data related to the sample may be sent from the device to a laboratory. The laboratory may be a certified laboratory that may generate a report that is transmitted to a health care professional. The health care professional may rely on the report for diagnosing, treating, and/or preventing a disease in the subject.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel ?-galactosidases for the enzymatic removal of the immunodominant monosaccharides on blood products and tissues. Specifically this invention provides a novel family of ?3 glycosidases, used for the enzymatic removal of type B antigens from blood group B and AB reactive blood products, and the Galili antigen from non-human animal tissues, thereby converting these to non-immunogenic cells and tissues suitable for transplantation.

Abstract: Enzymes and/or polypeptides and/or mixtures of interest are evaluated during hydrolysis of cellulosic material by the use of indicator constituents such as fluorescent agents, resulting in efficient high-throughput analysis of enzymes and/or polypeptides. A high-throughput assay for the analysis of inter alia, pretreated corn stover (PCS) hydrolysis is also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides genetically engineered strains of methylotrophic yeast including Pichia and especially Pichia pastoris capable of producing proteins with reduced or modified glycosylation. Methods of producing glycoproteins with reduced and/or modified glycosylation using such genetically engineered strains of Pichia are also provided. Vectors, which comprise coding sequences for ?-1,2-mannosidase I, glucosidase II, GlcNAc-tranferase I and mannosidase II or comprising OCH1 disrupting sequence, for transforming methylotrophic yeasts are contemplated by the present invention. Kit for providing the comtemplated vectors are also included in this invention.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel methods for determining the presence or amount of a hydrolytic enzyme in a sample, based on novel substrates for the enzymes, and also provides compositions and methods that provide highly sensitive assay methods for such hydrolytic enzymes.

Abstract: A test strip to assist in determining the concentration of an analyte in a fluid sample comprises a base, at least one tab and a break line. The base includes a capillary channel and a test element. The capillary channel is in fluid communication with the test element. The test element is adapted to receive the fluid sample. The at least one tab is removably attached to the base. The capillary channel extends from the base into a portion of the tab. The break line intersects the capillary channel in which an inlet to the capillary channel is exposed along the break line when the tab is separated from the base.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of treating, delaying the onset, delaying progression of, reducing the incidence of or reducing the severity of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in a subject, the method comprising administering to a subject an agent, which interferes with IgG-A2BG2 expression, IgG-A2BG2 function or IgG-A2BG2 interaction with CD16 in said subject.

Abstract: The present invention provides haloalkane substrates, and linkers for connecting such substrates to functional elements (e.g., tags, labels, surfaces, etc.). Substrates and linkers described herein find use, for example, in labeling, detection, and immobilization of proteins, cells, and molecules. In particular, the linkers provided herein find use within substrates for dehalogenase variants that form covalent bonds with their haloalkane substrates.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds for and a method of detecting beta-lactamase activity in a sample. The sample is contacted with a nanoparticulate tag. The nanoparticulate tag comprises a metal or a combination of metals, or it comprises a nanotube of a metal, boron nitride and/or carbon. The respective metal is capable of forming one of a covalent bond, a coordinative bond and a non-covalent interaction with a thio or a seleno group. The sample is contacted with a compound of one of general formulas (I)-(III) and (VII)-(IX). At least one beta-lactam moiety of the compound is cleaved by the beta-lactamase activity in the sample. As a result a cleavage moiety Z-A-Z, Z-A-Z—R15, Z-A-Z—R16, Z-A-Z—R17, Z-A-Z—R18 or Z-G-N(R8)R9 is released that is immobilized on the surface of the nanoparticulate tag by a covalent bond via a Z atom. The presence of beta-lactamase activity is determined based on the presence of the cleavage moiety immobilized onto the surface of the nanoparticulate tag.

Abstract: A method of screening for increased risk of fatal prostate cancer in a subject comprises providing a blood sample collected from the subject, and then detecting the presence or absence of an increased level of serum calcium in the sample. An increased level of serum calcium indicates the subject is at increased risk of fatal prostate cancer.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods and compositions for the modulation of glucose homeostasis and/or the treatment of metabolic diseases. In some embodiments, the invention relates to methods and compositions for the modulation of histone deacetylases. such as Class IIa histone deacetylases.

Abstract: The invention is to a novel method for evaluating the hydrolysis conversion of a enzyme or enzyme mixture relative to a specific ligno-cellulosic biomass. The method evaluates the hydrolysis conversion of a enzyme or enzyme mixture relative to a specific ligno-cellulosic biomass by preparing a pretreated ligno-cellulosic biomass suspension, a buffer solution and an enzyme or enzyme mixture solution; dispensing a portion of one or more of the three components into a plurality of test vials, subjecting one or more of the plurality of test vials to varying incubation periods, reducing the rate of incubation at the end of each incubation period, and analyzing the resulting samples for dissolved sugars to determine the rate of reaction.

Abstract: The present invention provides an approach for the simultaneous determination of the activation states of a plurality of proteins in single cells. This approach permits the rapid detection of heterogeneity in a complex cell population based on activation states, and the identification of cellular subsets that exhibit correlated changes in activation within the cell population. Moreover, this approach allows the correlation of cellular activities or properties. In addition, the use of potentiators of cellular activation allows for characterization of such pathways and cell populations.

Abstract: Compounds of Formulas I-XLIII are identified as direct inhibitors of p97 ATPase or of the degradation of a p97-dependent ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) substrate. Methods and compositions are disclosed for inhibiting p97 ATPase and the degradation of a p97-dependent UPS substrate, and for identifying inhibitors thereof.

Abstract: The amount of dietary fiber in a sample can be quantified by dissoluting the sample to produce a dietary fiber solution and then centrifuging the dietary fiber solution to produce a pellet and a supernatant liquid. After separating the supernatant liquid from the pellet, the pellet can be analyzed to determine a content of non-dietary fiber components in the pellet. The dietary fiber content in the pellet can be determined from the content of the non-dietary fiber components in the pellet. By using centrifugation to help isolate the dietary fiber in the sample, fiber loss may be minimized, leading to a more accurate determination of the content of dietary fiber in the sample.