Abstract: Provided herein are methods of diagnosing or monitoring the treatment of abnormal glycan accumulation or a disorder associated with abnormal glycan accumulation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for detecting the presence of expanded-spectrum ?-lactamase (?-lactamase hydrolyzing expanded-spectrum cephalosporin)-producing bacteria in a sample, said method comprising the steps of: a) performing cell lysis on a test sample in order to obtain an enzymatic suspension; b) reacting a fraction of the enzymatic suspension obtained in step a) with a reagent kit, said reagent kit comprising—expanded-spectrum ?-lactamase substrate selected from the group consisting of cephalosporins, aztreonam, and cephamycins, —a pH color indicator which will change color when the pH of the reaction mixture is comprised between 6.4 and 8.4, wherein a color change after step b) indicates the presence of expanded-spectrum ?-lactamase-producing bacteria in the test sample. The invention also relates to a reagent kit, to a microtiter plate and to their uses in detecting the presence of expanded-spectrum ?-lactamase producers in a test sample.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a new anti-tumor medicament comprising a mutant of endostatin. The mutant comprises a mutation in the ATP-binding site of endostatin and has a decreased ATPase activity and an increased anti-angiogenesis activity.

Abstract: The present application discloses variants of Pertuzumab. In particular, it discloses: an unpaired cysteine variant comprising Cys23/Cys88 unpaired cysteines in one or both variable light domains of Pertuzumab, an afucosylated variant of Pertuzumab, a low-molecular-weight-species (LMWS) of Pertuzumab, and a high-molecular-weight-species (HMWS) or Pertuzumab. The application further discloses the isolated variants, compositions, pharmaceutical compositions, and articles of manufacture comprising the variants, as well as methods of making and characterizing the variants and compositions thereof.

Abstract: The invention provides an endoglycosidase, referred to as EndoS49 and having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1. EndoS49 was isolated from Streptococcus pyogenes strain NZ131 and is a homolog of EndoS. EndoS49 has specific endoglycosidase activity on native IgG and cleaves a larger variety of Fc glycans than EndoS. A mutant thereof where the glutamic acid at position 186 of SEQ ID NO: 1 was substituted was produced: said mutant lacks endoalvcosidase activity but is capable of binding to IgG. Methods using EndoS49, deletions thereof and said mutant, especially for assessing glycosylation of IgG or for isolating IgG are disclosed.

Abstract: The invention is to a novel method for assaying most or all of the activities of an enzyme or enzyme solution that could be used to convert ligno-cellulosic material into monomeric sugars. The method characterizes enzymes and enzyme mixtures for the hydrolysis of ligno-cellulosic biomass by measuring the protein concentration of an enzyme or enzyme mixture, adding the enzyme or enzyme mixture to a plurality of test vials creating a liquid fraction in the plurality of test vials wherein each test vial in the plurality of test vials contains a different substrate, incubating each test vial for a period of time sufficient to establish the conversion of the substrate in each test vial of the plurality of test vials at the same pH and temperature, while, if necessary, providing at least enough agitation to keep the substrate in suspension, quenching the reaction, and analyzing the optical absorbance of the liquid fraction of at least one test vial of the plurality of test vials.

Abstract: Compounds and methods for treating or preventing a neurodegenerative disease, disorder or condition associated with the overall activity of hsp90 but not with the ATPase activity of hsp90, including peripheral neuropathy, such as peripheral neuropathy caused by chemotherapy or diabetes, disorders 5 of the central nervous system, such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinsons disease, and motor neuron diseases, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), in a subject are provided.

Abstract: Method of in vitro measurement of the presence of factors that are able to neutralize asparaginase activity in a sample of blood, plasma, serum or derived medium that may contain asparaginase neutralizing factors, obtained from a patient, comprising mixing of said sample with asparaginase, incubation of said mixture, then measurement of the residual asparaginase activity in the mixture and determination or quantification of the presence of said neutralizing factors. Method for predicting the efficacy of a treatment with asparaginase.

Abstract: The efficient production of ethanol from low-cost biomass (e.g., corn, sugar beets, sugar cane, switchgrass and/or paper) has become increasingly important in making ethanol competitive with gasoline and decreasing the United States' dependence on foreign oil. For example, to reduce the cost of transporting biomass to ethanol production facilities, mobile systems for producing ethanol from biomass are provided. Also provided are small-scale ethanol production facilities. For example, instead of transporting biomass to the production facility, the facility is transported to the biomass or is located nearby the source of the biomass. The ethanol production facilities or components thereof may be transported via land, water, or air. Production of other products, such as hydrocarbons, natural gas, hydrogen gas, plastics, polymers, and proteins, can also be made by the methods and facilities. Any product described herein can be made in finished form or un-finished form and moved, e.g., to a fixed facility, e.g.

Abstract: The application provides methods of producing a mixture of enzymes using two or more cell lines, methods of identifying or constructing cell lines for producing a mixture of enzymes, and methods of preparing a cell bank for producing a mixture of enzymes.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds with enhanced permeability for selectively inhibiting glycosidases, prodrugs of the compounds, and pharmaceutical compositions including the compounds or prodrugs of the compounds. The invention also provides methods of treating diseases and disorders related to deficiency or overexpression of O-GlcNAcase, accumulation or deficiency of O-GlcNAc.

Abstract: A method of and test mixture for detecting the presence or absence of a target microbe in a sample is provided. The method includes the steps of: a) providing a test mixture that includes micro particles, a substrate in an amount that is sufficient to support log phase growth of the target microbe until a detectable characteristic signal is produced in the test mixture and sample admixture, and an amount of vitamin, amino acid, element and salt ingredients; b) combining the powdered test mixture and sample to form the admixture; and c) detecting the presence or absence of target microbes in the sample based on the presence or absence of the detectable characteristic.

Abstract: The instant application provides methods and related compositions pertaining to the identification of resistance to anticancer treatment in. a patient. In a particular embodiment, the invention provides biomarkers for the identification of resistance to anticancer treatment in a breast cancer patient, wherein a reduced expression of a MEDIATOR and/or SWI/SNF complex gene in the breast cancer cells of the patient indicates that the breast cancer cells in the patient may be successfully treated with a PI3K and/or mTOR inhibitor.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides technologies relating to lysosomal activation. The disclosure provides several strategies for increasing level and/or activity of lysosomal enzyme, and furthermore demonstrates the surprising applicability of such strategies in the treatment and/or prophylaxis of certain proteinopathies. Among other things, the present invention provides methods and compositions for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of proteinopathies other than lysosomal storage diseases through lysosomal activation. In particular, the present disclosure provides methods and compositions for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of neurodegenerative proteinopathies, and in particular those associated with accumulation of ?-synuclein. The present disclosure specifically provides methods and compositions for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of Parkinson's disease.

Abstract: Disclosed are a nanoparticle sensor for measuring protease activity, for protease imaging, and a method for preparing the same. More specifically, the present invention relates to a nanoparticle sensor for measuring protease activity in which a fluorophore- and a quencher-conjugated peptide substrate is conjugated to a biocompatible polymer nanoparticle. The peptide substrate is specifically lysed by a protease. The sensor according to the present invention is capable of inhibiting emission of fluorescence with high extinctive activity of the quencher on a fluorescent material. But strong fluorescence is specifically emitted only if the peptide substrate is lysed by a specific protease. Therefore, the sensor is especially useful as a method for screening a novel drug such as a protease overexpression inhibitor, and early diagnosis of incurable diseases and various diseases such as autoimmune diseases including cancer, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and dementia.

Abstract: Described herein is a method and a device for expediting delivery of an agent to a damaged bacterial cell. In one embodiment, the methods and devices are useful for screening candidate antibiotics. In another embodiment, the methods and devices described herein are used to determine susceptibility of bacteria to an antibiotic. The methods also provide a method for determining an appropriate antibiotic to treat an individual having a bacterial infection.

Abstract: A high-throughput method for identifying a compound or biomolecule that modulates cell senescence involves simultaneously measuring in a cell population exposed to the test compound or biomolecule, the expression of a senescence marker and cell number, wherein each well contains a single test compound; and determining from said simultaneous measurements whether the test compound increases or decreases cell senescence. In various embodiments, the method is useful is identifying compounds that delay the aging process of normal healthy cells, or identifying a compound useful as a tumor suppressor or identifying a compound useful in the treatment of cancer.

Abstract: Substrates are provided that include compounds suitable for detecting the activity of an enzyme such as a lysosomal storage enzyme where the substrates include: a sugar moiety; a linker moiety allowing the conjugation of sugar moiety with the remaining structure of the substrate; and two or more fatty acid chains or derivatives thereof at least one of which is sufficiently structured to provide improved solubility in aqueous or organic solvent systems. Also provided are methods for using substrates for detecting enzymatic activity using the inventive substrates.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides peptides and constructs that inhibit mitochondrial fission, and compositions comprising the peptides or constructs. The present disclosure provides methods of reducing abnormal mitochondrial fission in a cell. Also provided are methods for designing and validating mitochondrial fission inhibitor constructs and peptides, including but not limited to, evaluating the effects of the constructs and peptides on Drp1 GTPase activity, binding of Drp1 to Fis1, reduction of mitochondrial damage, reduction in cell death, inhibition of mitochondrial fragmentation in a cell under pathological conditions, and reduced loss of neurites in primary dopaminergic neurons in a Parkinsonism cell culture.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds for selectively inhibiting glycosidases, prodrugs of the compounds, and pharmaceutical compositions including the compounds or prodrugs of the compounds. The invention also provides methods of treating diseases and disorders related to deficiency or overexpression of O-GlcNAcase, accumulation or deficiency of O-GlcNAc.

Abstract: Method for producing Yarrowia lipolytica acid-resistant recombinant lipase utilizing a culture medium without any products of animal origin or non-characterized mixtures such as tryptone, peptone or lactoserum, in addition to its uses. Recombinant strain of Yarrow lipolytica producing an excessive amount of lipase Lip2 referred to as YL-LIP2-6C and filed with the Collection Nationale de Cultures de Microorganismes (C.N.C.M.) under number I 3542, on Dec. 15, 2005 and its uses.

Abstract: Compounds are disclosed which inhibit SIR2 base exchange more than deacetylation, thus enhancing SIR2 deacetylation activity. Methods of using the compounds for enhancing SIR2 deacetylation activity and increasing longevity of an organism are also disclosed. Methods for screening for compounds that enhance SIR2 deacetylation activity and increase longevity of an organism are additionally disclosed.

Abstract: Methods and materials relate to degradable detergents. The degradable detergents have degradable linkages that are cleaved when subjected to elevated temperature and/or reduced pressure. The detergents are compatible with spectrometric analysis, such as mass spectrometry. The surfactant comprises at least one fluorinated alkyl moiety and at least one cleavable moiety, wherein the surfactant degrades into a plurality of volatile degradation products when injected into a mass spectrometer.

Abstract: Multiplex enzyme assay methods and compositions for simultaneously assaying the activities of a plurality of lysosomal enzymes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a wound dressing or a wound swab, which allows the detection of at least three enzymes selected from the group consisting of lysosyme, elastase, cathepsin G and myeloperoxidase using colored substrate agents for these enzymes. These enzyme substrates can be bound to medically acceptable polymers or fibers.

Abstract: A method of measuring isolevuglandin and/or levuglandin adducts associated with oxidative injury in a subject includes obtaining a bodily sample from a subject suspected of including isolevuglandin and/or levuglandin phospholipid adducts, hydrolyzing isolevuglandin and/or levuglandin phospholipid adducts from the sample with an enzyme that forms isolevuglandin and/or levuglandin phospholipid derivatives, and determining the amount of isolevuglandin and/or levuglandin phospholipid derivatives by mass spectrometry.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods and systems for the rapid determination of the intact mass of non-covalently associated antibody heavy chains (HC) and light chains (LC) which result from the attachment of drug conjugates to interchain cysteine residues. By analyzing the antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) using native desalting conditions, the intact-bivalent structure of the ADC, which ordinarily would decompose as a consequence of denaturing chromatographic conditions typically used for LCMS, is maintained. The mass of the desalted ADC is subsequently determined using desolvation and ionization ESI-MS conditions. The methods described herein provide for direct measurement of the intact mass of an ADC conjugated at interchain cysteine residues. The methods described herein also provide for the relative quantitation of the individual ADC species.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for determining the concentration of a free beta-lactam antibiotic in a biological sample. In particular, the present invention relates to methods for measuring a free beta-lactam antibiotic in a biological sample, comprising the steps of: (a) providing at least one class C beta-lactamase, a functional fragment or variant thereof; (b) providing at least one biological sample; (c) contacting said at least one class C beta-lactamase with said at least one biological sample; and (d) determining the concentration of said free beta-lactam antibiotic in said at least one biological sample.

Abstract: The present invention belongs to the biomedicine field and specifically concerns an enzyme-degradable polymer and the application thereof. To solve the problem of low sensitivity of the existing assay reagents, the present invention provides an enzyme-degradable polymer and the related application of the polymer. The present invention also provides hydrogels, nano-particles, fluorescent dye-labeled enzyme substrates and kits (packages) for detection or activity-analysis of biological enzymes based on the enzyme-degradable polymer. The formula of the enzyme-degradable polymer is P1-(aa)N-(AA)n-X X=[formula 1] wherein, (aa)N is a non-enzyme substrate domain, the N aa may be different (no correlation), and N is a non-negative integer; (AA)n is an enzyme substrate domain, the n AA may be different, and n is a non-negative integer; P1 is a protecting group of ?-amino or functional group; P2 is a protecting group of ?-amino; P3 is —NH2, a small molecule compound or a fragment of a polymer.

Abstract: We disclose methods and compositions for preparation of stimuli-responsive plastics that are capable of responding to chemical and/or physical signals in their environment. In one embodiment the plastics consist of patterned mixtures of poly(phthalaldehyde) polymers in which each polymer contains a different end-capping group (also called a “trigger”), responsive to a different signal. Other embodiments use different polymers and different triggers. The plastics may be homogeneous in composition, but each polymer within the plastic is capable of responding to a different signal and depolymerizing once this signal reacts with the trigger. This process of depolymerization enables the plastic to alter its physical features non-linearly to external signals: i.e., the degree of change in physical form is much larger than the intensity of the initial signal.

Abstract: A dry test strip for measuring creatinine comprises: a support; a reagent layer that is disposed on the support; a reagent holding layer that is disposed on the reagent layer; and a connection layer that is composed of an adhesive which adhesively bonds the reagent layer to the reagent holding layer and is formed in spot form, wherein the reagent layer contains creatininase and 4-aminoantipyrine; the reagent holding layer contains creatinase, sarcosine oxidase, peroxidase, and N-ethyl-N-(2-hydroxy-3-sulfopropyl)-3,5-dimethoxyaniline; and the connection layer delays arrival of a liquid sample spot-deposited on the reagent holding layer at the reagent layer.

Abstract: Biosensors and methods of producing biosensors for use in detecting one or more analytes in a solution are disclosed herein.

Abstract: A biosensing system that measures the concentration of halogenated alkenes is disclosed.

Abstract: Fluorogenic substrates, methods of making the fluorogenic substrates, and methods of detecting glycosidase activities (EC3.2.1) are provided. The fluorogenic substrates are composed of a sugar covalently bonded to the 7-hydroxy position of a substituted coumarin sulfonated fluorophore is provided. The fluorogenic substrates include sodium ?-D-cellobioside 6,8-difluoro-7-hydroxycoumarin-4-methanesulfonate; sodium ?-D-glucoside 6,8-difluoro-7-hydroxycoumarin-4-methanesulfonate; sodium ?-D-xyloside 6,8-difluoro-7-hydroxycoumarin-4-methanesulfonate; sodium ?-D-xylobioside 6,8-difluoro-7-hydroxycoumarin-4-methanesulfonate; and sodium ?-D-xylopolyoside 6,8-difluoro-7-hydroxycoumarin-4-methanesulfonate. The fluorogenic substrates may be made by covalently bonding the sugar moiety to the 7-hydroxy position of the substituted coumarin sulfonated fluorophore by reaction in DMF.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods of identifying compounds that decrease proline hydroxylation of the alpha subunit of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF?).

Abstract: Provided herein are methods for treating and preventing neurodegenerative disease in a mammal by administering an inhibitor of glutaminyl cyclase (QC). Neurodegenerative diseases treatable or preventable according to methods described herein include mild cognitive impairment (MCI), Alzheimer's disease, neurodegeneration in Down Syndrome, Familial British Dementia, and Familial Danish Dementia.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods of diagnosing or monitoring the treatment of abnormal glycan accumulation or a disorder associated with abnormal glycan accumulation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an expression cassette comprising a nucleotide sequence encoding an amino acid sequence, a fragment or variant thereof which directs unconventional protein secretion and a nucleotide sequence encoding a protein of interest. Also contemplated is a vector which comprises the expression cassette, host cells comprising the vectors as well as methods and uses for the production of a polypeptide of interest.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds for and a method of detecting beta-lactamase activity in a sample. The sample is contacted with a nanoparticulate tag. The nanoparticulate tag comprises a metal or a combination of metals, or it comprises a nanotube of a metal, boron nitride and/or carbon. The respective metal is capable of forming one of a covalent bond, a coordinative bond and a non-covalent interaction with a thio or a seleno group. The sample is contacted with a compound of one of general formulas (I)-(III) and (VII)-(IX). At least one beta-lactam moiety of the compound is cleaved by the beta-lactamase activity in the sample. As a result a cleavage moiety Z-A-Z, Z-A-Z—R15, Z-A-Z—R16, Z-A-Z—R17, Z-A-Z—R18 or Z-G-N(R8)R9 is released that is immobilised on the surface of the nanoparticulate tag by a covalent bond via a Z atom. The presence of beta-lactamase activity is determined based on the presence of the cleavage moiety immobilized onto the surface of the nanoparticulate tag.

Abstract: The present compositions and methods relate to an endo-?-mannanase cloned from Bacillus agaradhaerens, polynucleotides encoding the endo-?-mannanase, and methods of use thereof. Formulations containing the endo-?-mannanase are highly suitable for use as detergents.

Abstract: This invention relates to enzymatic removal of type A and B antigens from blood group A, B, and AB reactive cells in blood products, and thereby converting these to non-A and non-B reactive cells. The invention further relates to using unique ?-N-acetylgalactosaminidases and ?-galactosidases with superior kinetic properties for removing the immunodominant monosaccharides of the blood group A and B antigens and improved performance in enzymatic conversion of red blood cells. The preferred unique ?-N-acetylgalactosaminidases and ?-galactosidases exhibit the following characteristics: (i) exclusive, preferred or no less than 10% substrate specificity for the type A and B branched polysaccharide structures relative to measurable activity with simple mono- and disaccharide structures and aglycon derivatives hereof: (ii) optimal performance at neutral pH with blood group oligosaccharides and in enzymatic conversion of cells: and (iii) a favorable kinetic constant Km with mono- and oligosaccharide substrates.

Abstract: A thin film culture device for detecting yeast and mold microorganisms in a sample is provided. The culture device comprises a body comprising a self-supporting substrate having a first major surface and a second major surface; a first adhesive composition disposed on a portion of the first major surface of the substrate; a substantially dry, cold-water-soluble first hydrogel-forming composition adhered to the first adhesive composition; and a plurality of indicator agents. The plurality of indicator agents comprises three indicator agents for detecting distinct glycosidase enzyme activities, an indicator agent for detecting an alkyl esterase enzyme activity, and an indicator agent for detecting a phosphatase enzyme activity, wherein each of the plurality of indicator agents comprises a detectable reporter group. A method of using the culture device is also provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel methods for determining the presence or amount of a hydrolytic enzyme in a sample, based on novel substrates for the enzymes, and also provides compositions and methods that provide highly sensitive assay methods for such hydrolytic enzymes.

Abstract: The invention is directed to treatment of systemic DNA mutation diseases accompanied with development of somatic mosaicism and elevation of blood extracellular DNA. The inventive method comprises introducing a DNASE enzyme into the systemic blood circulation of a patient in doses and regimens which are sufficient to decrease average molecular weight of circulating extracellular blood DNA in the blood of said patient.

Abstract: The invention provides for detecting target subpopulations of cells that have high proliferative and renewal properties in animals, including circulating tumor cells, cancer stem cells, hematopoietic stem cells and endothelial progenitor cells. The invention utilizes a defined substrate and media of known property to enrich target cell subpopulations which can be used for future genetic, proteomic and morphological analyses. The method can use image-capture and analysis software to characterize cells based on physical properties, such as size, morphology and kinetic properties.

Abstract: A method for detection of beta-D-glucuronidase activity in a sample that comprises the steps of (i) providing a glucuronic acid ester compound of the general formula (I) wherein R1 is a C1-4 alkyl group, OR2 is a dye moiety, which is liberated after cleavage of the glycosidic bond; (ii) contacting said glucuronic acid ester compound with a material of said sample exhibiting hydrolytic activity towards glucuronic acid esters, thereby removing R1 and thus forming a sample containing an indicator compound suitable for the detection and/or measurement of beta-D-glucuronidase activity, and (iii) using said indicator to perform an assay requiring detection or measurement of beta-D-glucuronidase activity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a compound of Formula 1, wherein: (A) is heteroaryl or aryl; each (A?), if present, is independently chosen from aryl, arylalkoxy, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryloxy, halo, alkoxy, haloalkyl, cycloalkyl, haloalkoxy, and cyano, wherein each (A?) is substituted with 0, 1, 2, or 3 substituents independently chosen from halo, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, aryl, arylalkoxy, alkyl, alkoxy, amido, —CH2C(=0)NH2, heteroaryl, cyano, sulfonyl, and sulfinyl; X is 0, 1, 2, or 3; (B) is a cyclopropyl ring, wherein (A) and (Z) are covalently bonded to different carbon atoms of (B); (Z) is —NH—; (L) is chosen from a single bond, —CH2—, —CH2CH2—, —CH2CH2CH2—, and —CH2CH2CH2CH2—; and (D) is an aliphatic carbocyclic group or benzocycloalkyl, wherein said aliphatic carbocyclic group or said benzocycloalkyl has 0, 1, 2, or 3 substituents independently chosen from —NH2, —NH(C1-C6 alkyl), —N(C1-C6 alkyl)(C1-C6 alkyl), alkyl, halo, amido, cyano, alkoxy, haloalkyl, and haloalkoxy.

Abstract: AIE (aggregation-induced emission)-active TPE derivatives, TPE-TPP, TPE-MitoR and TPE-IQ are contemplated. These specific TPE derivatives are useful as fluorescent agents for mitochondrial imaging and as apoptosis inducers. Possessing high specificity to mitochondria, superior photostability and appreciable tolerance to microenvironment change, TPE derivatives are well-suited imaging agents for mitochondrial targeting and morphological change tracking. Because of their synthetic flexibility, TPE derivatives can be further modified as dual-functional probes for an array of applications such as sensing of ROS, metal ions, or pH change in mitochondria.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds for selectively inhibiting glycosidases, prodrugs of the compounds, and pharmaceutical compositions including the compounds or prodrugs of the compounds. The invention also provides methods of treating diseases and disorders related to deficiency or overexpression of O-GlcNAcase, accumulation or deficiency of O-GlcNAc.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods to determine whether a patient with a lysosomal storage disorder win benefit from treatment with a specific pharmacological chaperone. The present invention exemplifies an in vitro method for determining ?-galactosidase A responsiveness to a pharmacological chaperone such as 1-deoxygalactonojirimycin in a cell line expressing a mutant from of ?-galactosidase A. The invention also provides a method for diagnosing Fabry disease in patients suspected of having Fabry disease.