Abstract: Monensin urethane derivatives of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen, wherein R.sub.4 is alkyl, aryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, haloaryl, nitroaryl, haloarylalkyl, alkoxyaryl, aryloxyaryl, arylcycloalkyl, acylaryl and cycloalkyl; R.sub.2 is methyl or ethyl and R.sub.3 is-CONHR.sub.4and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts.The compounds exhibit antimicrobial activity and activity as growth promotant agents in ruminants. Further activities for this series of compounds are anticoccidial activity, antihypertensive activity, antimalarial activity and as agents in the treatment of swine dysentery.Also disclosed are a fermentative process and a semisynthetic process for producing the urethane derivatives.

Abstract: Antibiotic A-33853 is produced by submerged, aerobic fermentation of a new Streptomyces sp. NRRL 12068. The antibiotic has shown antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus and Streptococcus species which are penicillin resistant. In addition, the antibiotic has shown antiviral and antitrichomonal activity in vitro.

Abstract: 37,454 RP of the formula: ##STR1## and its non-toxic salts with metals and nitrogen-containing bases possess anti-coccidial activity.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for the production of fructose and syrups containing fructose and glucose, comprising the step of contacting a solution of glucose with a micro-organism of the genus Streptomyces sp. and more particularly of the strains NRRL 11.120 and NRRL 11.121, as designated by the Northern Regional Research Center, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Peoria, Ill.

Abstract: A novel culture of the microorganism Streptomyces caligosus DS 14,486 and a novel proteolytic enzyme produced from cultivating the culture are disclosed. The enzyme has utility in the depilation of animal skins.

Abstract: Production of antibiotic WS-3442 A, B, C, D and E, and their acyl derivatives thereof, the production of antibiotic WS-3442 A, B, C, D and E being a new method by culturing a new species of Streptomyces and their acyl derivatives of said antibiotics being prepared by acylating said antibiotics with an acylating agent. The acyl derivative of antibiotic WS-3442 A, B, C, D and E has antimicrobiological activity and is also useful for intermediate for preparing Cephalosporin derivatives having antimicrobiological activity.

Abstract: A compound of the formula ##STR1## and its pharmaceutically acceptable salts are disclosed. The compound exhibits antibacterial activity, antimalarial activity, has activity as a growth promotant for ruminants and as an agent in the treatment of swine dysentery. Also provided is a process to produce the novel compound.

Abstract: Inhibitor for the glycoside hydrolases of the digestive tract, more particularly of the pancreatic .alpha.-amylase produced by fermentation of the specific microorganism Streptomyces tendae, strain 4158, as well as the variants and mutants thereof, the microbe strain per se and processes for the isolation of the inhibitor and for its purification.

Abstract: A novel chemical compound, essentially pure plasmid pUC6, which is obtainable from a biologically pure culture of the microorganism Streptomyces espinosus biotype 23724a, NRRL 11439. The pUC6 plasmid is useful as a cloning vehicle in recombinant DNA work. For example, using DNA methodology, a desired gene, for example, the insulin gene, can be inserted into pUC6 and the resulting plasmid can then be transformed into a suitable host microbe which, upon culturing, produces the desired insulin.

Abstract: Acidic uricase is produced by fermentation of a microorganism of the genus Streptomyces. The enzyme is useful for the quantitative determination of uric acid in a sample.

Abstract: Microbiological process for preparing the antibiotic lincomycin at temperatures ranging from 18.degree. C. to 45.degree. C. using the newly discovered microorganism Streptomyces vellosus. The subject process advantageously results in the preparation of lincomycin without the concomitant production of lincomycin B (4'-depropyl-4'-ethyllincomycin). The absence of lincomycin B production results in increased lincomycin recovery efficiency.

Abstract: The glycopeptide 31,177 RP is prepared by cultivating under aerobic conditions in an aqueous nutrient medium Streptomyces calidus DS 26,320 (NRRL 8141), a hitherto unknown microorganism. 31,177 RP is of interest as an inhibitor of glyco-hydrolases, e.g. the amylases, the maltases or the saccharases, particularly those of the digestive tract.

Abstract: A biologically pure culture of Streptomyces mediterranei mutant strain 18, ATCC.

Abstract: The antibiotic MSD 890A.sub.10 and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof (hereinafter referred to as antibiotic 890A.sub.10) is active against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The antibiotic is produced by growing species of Streptomyces on suitable fermentation media.

Abstract: The antibiotic MSD 890A.sub.9 and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof (hereinafter referred to as antibiotic 890A.sub.9) is active against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The antibiotic is produced by growing species of Streptomyces on suitable fermentation media.

Abstract: Novel rifamycin compounds, designated P, Q, R and U, produced by the fermentation of mutant strains of Streptomyces mediterranei.

Abstract: Hyaluronidase obtained from Streptomyces koganeiensis has the following characteristics:(a) Acts as an endo B-hexosaminidase(b) Degrades hyaluronic acid but not chondroitin sulfate A, C, or chondroitin(c) Optimum pH around 4.0(d) Stable pH range 4.0-11.3(e) Optimum temperature around 60.degree. C.(f) Stable a temperature below 60.degree. C.

Abstract: A process for purifying an enzyme such as glucose isomerase which comprises precipitating nucleic acids from a cell-free, heat-treated enzyme solution in a suitable buffer and chromatographing the supernatant on a cellulosic medium. Subsequent chromatography on a hydrophilic, molecular-sieve medium affords enzyme of about 90% purity.

Abstract: A novel process for preparing cephamycin C known antibiotic being useful as a medicament and veterinary drug, characterized by cultivating Streptomyces todorominensis sp. nov. in a suitable medium and recovering cephamycin C from the fermentation broth.

Abstract: In a process for extracting glucose isomerase from microorganism cells containing glucose isomerase by the so called high pressure release and impact method in which the suspension of the microorganism cells is homogenized for the extraction by releasing the pressure applied on said suspension instantaneously and giving the suspension an impact at very high velocity, the concentration of the suspension containing microorganism cells and the pressure applied on the said suspension are selected within specific ranges, namely from 0.5 to 10 wt. % (on a dry substance base) and from 400 to 700 Kg/cm.sup.2, respectively.

Abstract: Antibiotic compounds of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R' is ##STR2## or --CH.sub.2 OH, and the non-toxic pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts thereof, are produced by culturing Streptomyces flocculus NRRL 11459. Techniques for isolating the compounds are also described. Cirramycin A.sub.1 and cirramycin B are coproduced.

Abstract: A composition comprising intracellular or extracellular glucose isomerase may be purified by a method comprising heat treatment at a temperature from about 40.degree. C. to about 80.degree. C. The resultant enzyme solution, when utilized to prepare an immobilized enzyme system, is operationally equivalent to glucose isomerase purified by the traditional physico-chemical methods.

Abstract: Disclosed is a fermentation process for producing and isolating 6-hydroxymethyl-2-(2-aminoethylthio)-1-carbadethiapen-2-em-3-carboxylic acid (I) which is useful as an antibiotic: ##STR1##

Abstract: New anthracycline glycosides designated MA 144-G1, -G2, -L, -S1, -N1, -U1 and -Y which inhibit the growth of gram-positive bacteria and mammalian tumors are produced by fermentation of certain species of Streptomyces and by the chemical or enzymatic conversion of certain anthracycline glycosides. New microbiological and chemical processes are also provided for preparation of the anthracycline glycosides MA 144-S2 and -U2 which have been found to be identical with the previously reported anthracyclines, marcellomycin and musettamycin.

Abstract: A process for preparing N-carbamoyl-D-(2-thienyl or 3-thienyl)glycine by subjecting 5-(2-thienyl or 3-thienyl)hydantoin to the action of a cultured broth, cells or treated cells of microorganisms having an ability of stereospecifically hydrolyzing the hydantoin ring. N-carbamoyl-D-(2-thienyl or 3-thienyl)glycine is a useful intermediate for the preparation of medicines and can be readily converted into D-(2-thienyl or 3-thienyl)glycine.

Abstract: The 7-methoxy-3-heterocyclic thiomethyl cephalosporin derivative possessing excellent antimicrobial activity represented by the general formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents ##STR2## group or HOOC-- group, R.sup.2 represents a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group, and M represents a hydrogen atom or a cation residue forming a salt.

Abstract: A process for purifying glucose isomerase comprises the steps of acid treatment and salt fractionation. An enzyme solution is treated with an acid, such as acetic acid, to a pH from about 3.5 to about 5.0. The proteinaceous solids are collected and extracted with a buffer, such as imidazole, whose solution has a pH of about 6 to about 8. The solution is then collected and a salt, such as ammonium sulfate, is dissolved therein from about 40% to about 50% of its saturation point. The proteinaceous solids which form are removed and additional ammonium sulfate is dissolved to attain from about 41% to about 60% of its saturation point, followed by collection of the solids containing purified enzyme. A composition which preserves enzyme activity upon storage of glucose isomerase and which imparts resistance to thermal deactivation of said enzyme comprises an aqueous solution of glycerol, a buffer whose solution is at a pH of about 6 to about 8, divalent cobalt ions and magnesium ions.

Abstract: Tunicamycin is co-produced with antibiotic A-23187 by the cultivation of Streptomyces chartreusis NRRL 3882. Methods of recovering tunicamycin and for separating and isolating individual factors A, B, C, and D from tunicamycin complex are described.

Abstract: The antibiotics MSD 890A.sub.1 and MSD 890A.sub.3 and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof (hereinafter referred to as antibiotics 890A.sub.1 and 890A.sub.3) are active against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The antibiotics are produced by growing species of Streptomyces on suitable fermentation media.

Abstract: The antibiotic N-acetyl thienamycin and its non-toxic pharmaceutically acceptable salts are active against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The antiobiotic is produced by growing a species of Streptomyces on suitable fermentation media or alternatively by acetylation of thienamycin.

Abstract: Inhibitor for the glycoside hydrolases of the digestive tract, more particularly of the pancreatic .alpha.-amylase produced by fermentation of the specific microorganism Streptomyces tendae, strain 4158, as well as the variants and mutants thereof, the microbe strain per se and processes for the isolation of the inhibitor and for its purification.

Abstract: A new subspecies of Streptomyces nigellus Prokop, designated Streptomyces nigellus Prokop subsp. africanus Huang subsp. nov. ATCC 31496, when propagated under aerobic conditions in aqueous nutrient media, produces a mixture of antibiotics. One of these antibiotics is the known macrolide antibiotic cirramycin A; the ansamycin antibiotic is an analogue of protostreptovaricin and the structure has been established as 21-hydroxy, 25-demethyl, 25-methylthioprotostreptovaricin I.

Abstract: This invention provides a process for the preparation of salts of the .beta.-lactamase inhibitory antibiotics MM4550A, MM13902 and MM17880, which are the compounds of the formulae (I)-(III), respectively: ##STR1## which process comprises cultivating a strain of Streptomyces gedanensis and isolating a salt of at least one of MM4550A, MM13902 and MM17880.

Abstract: New antibiotics, SF-2050 substance and SF-2050B substance are produced by cultivating a microorganism Streptomyces sp. SF-2050 now deposited under FERM-P 4358 and under ATCC. 31450 in a liquid culture medium under aerobic conditions, and these antibiotics may be isolated from the fermentation broth and useful as an antibacterial agent. These antibiotics have an activity inhibitory to .beta.-lactamase.

Abstract: New antitumor agents designated MA 144-M.sub.1 and MA 144-M.sub.2, which are anthracycline glycosides and inhibit the growth of gram-positive bacteria, e.g. Staphyococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Sarcina lutea, and inhibit the growth of animal tumors such as leukemia L 1210, P 388 and sarcoma 180 are produced by fermentation of MA 144-producing strains of streptomyces and by the chemical or enzymatic conversion of aclacinomycin A or cinerubin A.

Abstract: 9-(2-O-Acyl-.beta.-D-arabinofuranosyl)adenine compounds and their production by enzymatic removal of the 3-O-acyl and 5-O-acyl groups of a 9-(2,3-di-O-acyl-.beta.-D-arabinofuranosyl)adenine compound or a 9-(2,3,5-tri-O-acyl-.beta.-D-arabinofuranosyl)adenine compound. The monoester compounds are useful as antiviral agents. The compounds are water-soluble and lipophilic, thereby being adaptable to a wide variety of pharmaceutical formulations.

Abstract: New anthracycline glycosides designated MA 144-G1, -G2, -L,-S1, -N1, -U1 and -Y which inhibit the growth of gram-positive bacteria and mammalian tumors are produced by fermentation of certain species of Streptomyces and by the chemical or enzymatic conversion of certain anthracycline glycosides. New microbiological and chemical processes are also provided for preparation of the anthracycline glycosides MA 144-S2 and -U2 which have been found to be identical with the previously reported anthracyclines, marcellomycin and musettamycin.

Abstract: New anthracycline glycosides designated MA 144-G1, -G2, -L, -S1, -N1, -U1 and -Y which inhibit the growth of gram-positive bacteria and experimental animal tumors are produced by fermentation of certain species of Streptomyces and by the chemical or enzymatic conversion of certain anthracycline glycosides. New microbiological and chemical processes are also provided for preparation of the anthracycline glycosides MA 144-S2 and -U2 which have been found to be identical with the previously reported anthracyclines, marcellomycin and musettamycin.

Abstract: Novel procidins effective for healing or preventing ulcers are produced and accumulated in the cultured product of a novel strain Streptomyces procidinanus.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with a process for the manufacture of optically active .alpha.-hydroxycarboxylic acids, especially a process for the manufacture of optically pure D- or L-.alpha.-hydroxycarboxylic acids.

Abstract: New antitumor agents designated MA 144-M.sub.1 and MA 144-M.sub.2, which are anthracycyline glycosides and inhibit the growth of gram-positive bacteria, e.g. Staphyococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Sarcina lutea, and inhibit the growth of animal tumors such as leukemia L 1210, P 388 and sarcoma 180 are produced by fermentation of MA 144-producing strains of streptomyces and by the chemical or enzymatic conversion of aclacinomycin A or cinerubin A.

Abstract: Three, new physiologically active derivatives of esterastin are now provided, which inhibit the activity of esterase similarly to the parent esterastin and further exhibit a higher inhibiting activity against cholesterol esterase than the parent esterastin. These three new derivatives are tetrahydroesterastin which is produced by catalytic hydrogenation of esterastin; 3,5-di-hydroxy-2-hexylhexadeca-7,10-dienoic 1,3-lactone which is produced by alkaline hydrolysis of esterastin; and 3,5-di-hydroxy-2-hexylhexadecanoic 1,3-lactone which is produced either by alkaline hydrolysis of said tetrahydroesterastin or by catalytic hydrogenation of the product of the alkaline hydrolysis of esterastin.

Abstract: A novel bioactive substance of the formula ##STR1## is produced in the fermentation of Streptomyces clavuligerus. Also disclosed is a fermentation method of making the substance. The substance exhibits in vitro antimicrobial activity in defined minimal medium and antifungal activity in natural medium.

Abstract: A novel compound frenolicin B of the formula: ##STR1## is prepared by cultivating a microorganism belonging to genus Streptomyces, e.g. Streptomyces roseofulvus AM-3867, in a culture medium and isolating the compound formed and accumulated in the medium from the cultured product. Said frenolicin B is useful as an antibiotic.

Abstract: A novel anthracycline antibiotic complex designated herein as baumycin complex is produced by fermentation of a baumycin-producing strain of Streptomyces, e.g. Streptomyces coeruleorubidus ME 130-A4 (FERM-P3540, ATCC 31276). The complex and four bioactive components thereof designated baumycin A.sub.1, A.sub.2, B.sub.1 and B.sub.2 are useful as antibacterial and antitumor agents.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new compound nanaomycin A and derivatives thereof represented by general formula: ##STR1## in which (a) R is H and R' is OH (nanaomycin A),(b) R is H and R' is NH.sub.2 (nanaomycin C),(c) R is COCH.sub.3 and R' is CH (acetylnanaomycin A), and(d) R is H and R' is OCH.sub.3 (nanaomycin A methyl ester).Nanaomycin A is a new compound of quinone type and its acute toxicity (LD.sub.50, intra-penetrial injection) in mice is 28.2 mg/Kg. Nanaomycin A and derivatives thereof are active on Gram-positive bacteria, trichophyton and mycoplasma and are useful as a medicament for humans and animals. Nanaomycins A and C are produced by culturing a nanaomycin-producing strain belonging to the genus Streptomyces aerobically in a medium to accumulate nanaomycins A and C in the cultured broths. The derivatives acetylnanaomycin A and nanaomycin A methyl ester have similar properties to those of nanaomycin A.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new compound designated as nanaomycin B represented by general formula: ##STR1## Nanaomycin B is a quinone type and is active on mycoplasma, Gram-positive bacteria and trycophyton. This compound is useful as a medicament for infectious diseases of humans and animals caused by a parasite of trichophyton or mycoplasma etc. The acute toxicity (LD.sub.50, intra-penetrial injection) in mice of this compound is 169 mg/kg. Nanaomycin B is produced by fermentation in which a nanaomycin-producing strain belonging to the genus Streptomyces is cultured in a medium under aerobic conditions and the accumulated nanaomycin B in the cultured broths is recovered therefrom.

Abstract: New antitumor agents designated rhodirubin A and B, which are anthracycline glycosides and inhibit the growth of gram-positive bacteria and mammalian tumors, are produced by fermentation of rhodirubin-producing strains of Streptomyces, e.g. Streptomyces sp. ME 505-HEI (ATCC 31273).

Abstract: The new antifungal agents 32232 RP and 35391 RP having the probable formulae: ##STR1## respectively, are prepared by cultivating the hitherto unknown microorganism Streptomyces incarnatus DS 26068 (NRRL 8089), under aerobic conditions in an aqueous nutrient medium to obtain 32232 RP which can be converted into the lactam 35391 RP.

Abstract: Novel 18 -, 19 - and 20 -hydroxy-prostaglandin derivatives of the formula I ##STR1## wherein the dotted line in the position 8-12 indicates the optional presence of a double bond, the waved lines in position 15 indicate that the hydroxyl group and the group R.sub.4 are either in .alpha.- or .beta.-position and Z represents a --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 -- or a cis --CH.dbd.CH-- group, and wherein R represents one of the groups: ##STR2## (wherein the waved lines indicate that the hydroxyl groups are either in .alpha.- or .beta.-position and R.sub.1 represents a hydrogen atom, a methyl or ethyl group), R.sub.2 represents either an oxygen atom or a hydrogen atom and an .alpha.- or .beta.-hydroxyl group, R.sub.3 represents a hydrogen atom or a hydroxyl group and R.sub.4 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, with the proviso that when simultaneously, R.sub.1, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 each represents a hydrogen atom, R.sub.