Abstract: Growth medium are disclosed for use in fermenting a marine microorganism. The medium comprise Potassium, Calcium, Strontium, Borate and Fluoride at specific concentrations. Alternatively, the growth medium comprises cobalt at specified concentrations or comprises vitamin B12 at specified concentrations. Methods of producing certain desired compound by fermentation of a marine microorganism are also disclosed.

Abstract: Compositions and methods useful for reducing or eliminating the presence of pathogens in meat or meat products are disclosed. Administration of one or more lactic acid producing microorganisms to a live animal, to a carcass, to meat, to meat products, or in animal feed results in significant reductions in the amount of pathogens potentially harmful to humans when ingested. Synergistic effects can be achieved with the administration of multiple strains of microorganisms.

Abstract: A zero-discharge landfill process is disclosed herein. The process described in the present invention recycles the exhaust gases from a combustion engine which reheats the landfill and provides moisture. Additionally, the CO2 from the exhaust gases releases additional methane. Methane production in landfills can thus be enhanced by the method of the present invention. Furthermore, a portion of the exhaust gas can be used to cultivate algae in a cultivation tank. The cultivation of the algal species is enhanced in the presence of water, CO2, CO, and the elevated temperatures. Optionally, a first portion of the cultivated algae can be passed through the landfill to increase methane production in the landfill and a second portion of the cultivated algae can be transferred to a biodiesel production tank, for the conversion of the one or more algal oils and lipids to a biodiesel or a biofuel by a transesterification reaction.

Abstract: Methods of use in humans of probiotic bacteria of the genus Bifidobacteria for regulating the condition of human keratinous tissue to achieve cosmetic beauty benefits. Said methods include regulation, either prophylactic or therapeutic, of the cosmetic appearance of human keratinous tissue, such as human hair, skin (e.g., scalp), and nails. In another aspect, the invention provides a method of marketing a composition comprising probiotic Bifidobacteria. In one embodiment, the method comprises: (1) offering for sale a composition comprising probiotic Bifidobacteria; and (2) communicating to a potential consumer of said composition that oral administration of said composition can regulate the condition of human keratinous tissue.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for providing a leak-proof seal for two-piece capsules containing oil-based liquids or other compositions by a two-stage process. The capsule cap and capsule body are combined by a nitrogen purge instant bonding (NPIB) system. An overlay medium is applied to selected portions of the capsule, including near the seam formed by the interconnection of the capsule cap and capsule body to provide a substantially leak-proof seal. The overlay medium is made from materials that make up the capsule cap and capsule body, including gelatin, starch, cellulose or polysaccharides, among others, which are dispersed in a hydro-alcoholic, aqueous or organic solution. The overlay medium includes additives to impart desired qualities to the capsule and include taste-enhancers, taste-maskers, odor-enhancers and odor-maskers. The additives may include color additives, aroma additives and taste additives.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to enhancing growth and/or activity of lactobacilli using a prebiotic formulation which includes iso-malto oligosaccharides and ?-galactosidase; and to enhancing growth and/or activity of bifidobacteria using a prebiotic formulation which includes iso-malto oligosaccharides and ?-glucanase. Other combinations of fibers and enzymes are described below which also stimulate growth and activity of lactobacilli or bifidobacteria. These combinations of enzymes and prebiotics can be taken separately or added to foods, including desserts.

Abstract: According to the present invention there are provided methods of use in companion animals of probiotic bacteria of the genus Bifidobacteria.

Abstract: Probiotic microorganisms are micro encapsulated by dispersing the probiotic microorganism in an aqueous suspension of a film forming protein and a carbohydrate; in an oil in water emulsion of a film forming protein and a carbohydrate and a fat; or in an oil which is subsequently dispersed in a film forming protein and a carbohydrate. The emulsion or suspension may be dried to form a powder. The probiotic may be dispersed in oil and then emulsified with the aqueous suspension and then dried to produce an encapsulated oil be dried to produce a powder. Oil suspended probiotics may be preferred where the probiotic is water sensitive. The preferred protein is casein or whey protein and the carbohydrate may be a resistant starch or a saccharide with a reducing sugar group. Where the probiotic is oxygen sensitive the protein carbohydrate is heated to create Maillard reaction products in the encapsulating film.

Abstract: The invention provides compositions comprising one or more isolated LDH-deficient mutans streptococcus strains and one or more isolated S. oralis strains and/or one or more isolated S. uberis strains. Compositions of the invention are useful to maintain oral health, by for example treating and/or preventing one or more symptoms of dental caries, periodontitis and/or other oral cavity diseases or wounds.

Abstract: An encapsulation system is provided comprising nitrogen-purge, instant bonding encapsulation method. Specifically, the encapsulation system comprises a composition, a two-piece capsule comprising a capsule cap and a capsule body; a gas to purge oxygen from the composition within the capsule; and a sealing solution to seal the capsule cap to the capsule body. Associated methods for encapsulating compositions using the encapsulation system are also provided.

Abstract: A method of combating rheumatoid arthritis, comprising administering to a human subject in need thereof, an effective oral dose of a probiotic composition in an oral dose form including, as the only bacterial species therein, the bacterial species of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus coagulans, and Enterococcus faecium. The initial occurrence, and progress of remission of the rheumatoid arthritis condition incident to such probiotic therapy, may be established and monitored by assay of rheumatoid factor and/or anti-CCP antibodies present in a blood sample of the human subject.

Abstract: Disclosed are formulations for enhancing the in vivo colonization of probiotic microorganisms that include digestive enzymes and probiotic microorganisms, and polysorbate surfactants. The enzymes include lactogenic enzyme formulations that promote growth of Lactobacillus probiotics, bifidogenic enzyme formulations that promote growth of Bifidobacterium probiotics and combination formulations that benefit both types of probiotics. It has been discovered that certain polysorbate surfactants, including polysorbate-60 and polysorbate-80, further promote probiotic microorganism growth, when used with the enzyme formulations. The formulations are preferably compounded as dry powders, to avoid water reaction with the enzymes in blended formulations. Such formulations can be contained in capsules, tablets, packets or bottles and administered orally, either sequentially or in one combined formulation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an extract from bacterial strains, such as Staphylococcus, Moraxella, Klebsiella, Streptococcus, and Haemophilus. The extract is useful as a treatment for indications such as respiratory disorders, compositions comprising the extract, and processes of making the extract from media that do not pose a risk of prion diseases.

Abstract: Methods are provided for reducing a level of one or more antibiotics from an antibiotic-contaminated substance. An organism that can utilize the one or more antibiotics as a carbon source is cultured in the presence of the antibiotic-contaminated substance for a sufficient amount of time to reduce the level of one or more antibiotics from the antibiotic-contaminated substance.

Abstract: The subject invention provides a novel and advantageous strain of Pasteuria bacteria with nematicidal activity against Reniform nematodes. The subject invention provides the novel bacteria culture referred to as ATCC PTA-9643, and mutants thereof. Also provided are nematicidal compositions comprising the Pasteuria strain or its mutants or variants and methods for treating phytopathogenic and soil-dwelling nematodes.

Abstract: Six bacterial strains: Bacillus simplex strain 03WN13, Bacillus simplex strain 03WN23, Bacillus simplex strain 03WN25, Pseudomonas koreensis strain 10IL21, Pantoea agglomerans strain 10IL31, and Pseudomonas lini strain 13IL01, are superior antagonists of Phytophthora erythroseptica Pethybr., the causative agent of pink rot on potatoes. These bacterial strains are effective for suppression and control of pink rot on potatoes.

Abstract: The invention provides a probiotic composition to alleviate Salmonella infection in farm animals. The composition may comprise at least one of Lactobacillus murinus, Lactobacillus pentosus, Lactobacillus salivarius sub-species salivarius, and Pediococcus pentosaceus. The composition maybe formulated as an animal feedstuff, or as a pharmaceutical composition.

Abstract: A copper bioleaching process which makes use of a consortium which contains Leptospirillum ferriphilum and a sulphur oxidising microorganism which is halophilic or halotolerant.

Abstract: The invention relates to a zinc-enriched biomass comprising living or subsequently killed micro-organisms, selected from the group consisting of Streptococcus thermophilus and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis and combinations thereof, a method for the manufacture of said zinc-enriched biomass, as well as food preparations, nutraceutic products, functional foods, cosmetic and cosmeceutic products, and food supplements, comprising the said biomass. Furthermore, new micro-organism strains are described which are able to concentrate zinc within the cell in very high amounts and therefore are particularly suitable for use in the method of the invention.

Abstract: In preferred embodiments, the present invention provides new isolated strains of a Geobacter species that are capable of using a carbon source that is selected from C3 to C12 organic compounds selected from pyruvate or metabolic precursors of pyruvate as an electron donor in metabolism and in subsequent energy production. In other aspects, other preferred embodiments of the present invention include methods of making such strains and methods of using such strains. In general, the wild type strain of the microorganisms has been shown to be unable to use these C3 to C12 organic compounds as electron donors in metabolic steps such as the reduction of metallic ions. The inventive strains of microorganisms are useful for improving bioremediation applications, including in situ bioremediation (including uranium bioremediation and halogenated solvent bioremediation), microbial fuel cells, power generation from small and large-scale waste facilities (e.g.

Abstract: The present invention provides formulations and methods for preventing, suppressing, treating, or controlling pre- or post-harvest disease or decay in plants. In the inventive method, plants are contacted with a formulation including an antagonistic microorganism and a booster composition. The booster composition generally includes about 3 parts Kaolin clay, about 1 part yeast, about 1 part Yucca plant extract, and about 1 part calcium-source material. The antagonistic microorganism may be included in an amount of between about 0.02 parts and about 0.5 parts by weight of the formulation, with about 0.04 parts antagonistic microorganism being preferred in testing to date. The formulation is typically applied to the above ground structures of the plant, including its leaves, flowers, stems, trunk, blossoms and fruit.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for producing ammonia or ammonium from an organic material, the method by contacting the organic material with at least one hydrolytic enzyme, in a medium, to produce a medium including hydrolyzed or partially hydrolyzed organic material suitable for microbial fermentation. The hydrolyzed or partially hydrolyzed medium with organic material is then fermented in the presence of at least one microorganism capable of ammonification, wherein the fermenting is under conditions, and for a sufficient period of time, to produce a fermentation product that comprises ammonia or ammonium. The organic material includes nitrogenous compounds suitable for conversion to ammonia or ammonium.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a microorganism having an excellent ability to specifically oxidize the hydroxymethyl group of glucose, and a method of producing glucuronic acid and/or glucuronolactone by using such a microorganism to directly oxidize glucose, and the invention is directed at a microorganism which produces glucuronic acid directly from glucose and a mutant strain which is capable of specifically oxidizing the hydroxymethyl group of glucose and in which a DNA nucleotide sequence corresponding to 16S rRNA has the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 in the sequence listing, and the invention is also directed at a method of producing glucuronic acid and/or glucuronolactone by specifically oxidizing the hydroxymethyl group of glucose using the mutant strain, and this invention enables D-glucuronic acid and/or D-glucuronolactone to be produced and furnished easily and safely at a high yield and a low cost.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to the field of nutrition, more particularly to the use of probiotics in nutrition. In particular the present invention relates to the use of a probiotic or of a mixture of probiotics in the manufacture of a nutritional composition or a medicament to act the colon in a pre- or post surgical environment.

Abstract: The aim of the invention is to use sulphate-reducing thermophilic archaeobacteria for carrying out a method for degrading linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, when necessary sulphur, aromatic hydrocarbons under anaerobic conditions.

Abstract: Compositions of bacteria which are effective for the nitrification of wastewater, particularly at low temperatures, are described. The compositions are comprised of 35 strains or populations of at least partially characterized isolated bacteria. These compositions may be used to treat wastewater contaminated with animal fecal waste and/or ammonia. In use, wastewater is contacted with the bacterial composition of the invention under aerobic conditions and for a period of time effective to oxidize ammonia therein.

Abstract: This invention relates to bacteria having a function of reducing the content of heavy metals in plants, a method for reducing the content of heavy metals in plants with the use of such bacteria, and a composition comprising, as an active ingredient, such bacteria.

Abstract: The invention relates to an infant formula comprising a source of protein in an amount of not more than 2.0 g/100 kcal, a source of lipids, a source of carbohydrate and a probiotic wherein the probiotic is present in an amount equivalent to between 102 and 105 cfu/g of dry formula. The invention further extends to the use of such an infant formula to modulate the immune system of a neonatal infant to promote the development in the first few weeks of the life of the infant of a beneficial intestinal microbiota comparable with that found in breast fed babies as well as to promote the maturation of the immune system of a neonatal infant in the first few weeks of life.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to isolation and identification of unique Pseudomonas stutzeri strains that can grow on crude oil under denitrifying conditions and are useful in oil recovery.

Abstract: New strains of Lactobacillus that have been selected for their capability of improved reduction the number of Streptococcus mutans in the mouth of mammals through inhibiting activity in combination with better binding to the oral mucins and dental plaque, thereby preventing, reducing or treating dental caries, and products derived from said strains, including agents for treatment or prophylaxis of caries for administration to humans.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the novel Sporolactobacillus vineae SL153 strain (Accession No: KCTC 11493BP) having probiotic activity, precisely Sporolactobacillus vineae SL153 having antimicrobial activity against Vibrio genus pathogenic microorganisms and other pathogens. The Sporolactobacillus vineae SL153 strain of the present invention has excellent intestinal adherence and growth inhibitory effect on pathogenic microorganisms including Vibrio genus microorganisms, so that it can be effectively used as a composition for the prevention and treatment of disease caused by pathogenic microorganisms.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composition for modulating the immune responses induced by Gram negative bacteria, potential pathogenic Gram positive bacteria and/or their derivatives, comprising lipoteichoic acid from lactic acid bacteria as an active ingredient. It also relates to the use of a lipoteichoic acid from lactic acid bacteria as an active ingredient and/or lactic acid bacteria producing it and/or its supernatant of culture, in the manufacture of a medicament, an oral or topical product for cosmetic, dermatological or ophtalmological applications, a food or petfood composition for modulating bacterial colonization, immune responses and decreasing the inflammatory processes associated with bacterially-mediated disease and infection in the gastrointestinal tract, bone, skin, eye, ear, lung and oral cavity. The invention also relates to lipoteichoic acid selected thereof.

Abstract: An exemplary embodiment providing one or more improvements includes probiotic compositions comprising probiotic microorganisms with dried vegetable, fruit, cereal, or herb powder. Feeding human or animals either having biological or environmental changes with probiotic compositions has a positive effect in relieving the changes. Positive effects has been demonstrated in humans, dogs, and fish.

Abstract: The present invention provides a stable complex microbial system, which simultaneously decomposes a plurality of organic contaminants even under a polluted environment with these contaminants and permits more effective decomposition of persistent organic contaminants such as PCNB and simazine. A support for holding a complexed accumulation of degrading bacteria, which contains a porous material provided as a support on which a degrading bacterium A capable of degrading at least one organic contaminant and a degrading bacterium B capable of degrading another organic contaminant are accumulated, is produced. The degrading bacterium A may be a PCNB-degrading bacterium, particularly a degrading bacterium containing a degrading bacterium having part or all of mycological characteristics of Nocardioides sp. PD653 and the degrading bacterium B may be a degrading bacterium containing a degrading bacterium having part or all of mycological characteristics of ?-Proteobacteria CDB21.

Abstract: A probiotic composition including the bacilli (1) Bacillus subtilis, (2) Bacillus coagulans, and (3) Enterococcus faecium. The composition may further include a carrier medium, such as fructo-oligo-saccharides (FOS), as incorporated in a dose form such as a pill, capsule, powder or sachet. The compositions of the disclosure may be usefully employed as health or nutritional supplements, food additives, or therapeutic agents for combating a wide variety of physiological disorders, such as irritable bowel syndrome, autism, and fibromyalgia.

Abstract: Disclosed are: a novel microorganism which can decompose a methylthiotriazine compound (particularly, simetryn, dimethametryn, prometryn), a chlorotriazine compound (particularly, simazine, atrazine, propazine) and a methoxytriazine compound (particularly, simeton, atraton, prometon) which have been frequently used as agrichemicals or the like; and a method for decomposing a methylthiotriazine compound, a chlorotriazine compound and/or a methoxytriazine compound by using the microorganism. Specifically disclosed are: a novel bacterium Nocardioides sp. strain MTD22 which is capable of decomposing a methylthiotriazine compound, a chlorotriazine compound and a methoxytriazine compound; and a method for decomposing a methylthiotriazine compound, a chlorotriazine compound and/or a methoxytriazine compound, particularly simetryn, dimethametryn, prometryn, simazine, atrazine, propazine, simeton, atraton and/or prometon, by using the microorganism.

Abstract: A microorganism capable of degrading an estrogenic substance contained in wastewater and the like; a method for the simple and effective degradation of an estrogenic substance contained in domestic wastewater, wastewater discharged from a livestock farm, or the like by using the microorganism; and an apparatus for achieving the degradation are provided. An estrogenic substance-degrading microorganism which belongs to the genus Pseudaminobacter, Gordonia, Nocardia, Zoogloea, Pandoraea, Cryptococcus or Trichosporon and has an ability to degrade an estrogenic substance; a method for the degration of an estrogenic substance by using the microorganism; and an apparatus for achieving the degradation are provided.

Abstract: A microorganism which is Rhodococcus rhodochrous strain NCIMB 41164 or a mutant thereof. A method of culturing the microorganism in a culture medium comprising urea or urea derivative is claimed. A nitrile hydratase obtainable from the microorganism is claimed. Also claimed is a process of preparing an amide from the corresponding nitrile wherein the nitrile is subjected to a hydration reaction in an aqueous medium in the presence of a biocatalyst selected from the group consisting of a microorganism which is a Rhodococcus rhodochrous strain NCIMB 41164, a mutant thereof and a nitrile hydratase obtainable from Rhodococcus rhodochrous strain NCIMB 41164 or a mutant thereof. Also claimed is a method of storing the Rhodococcus rhodochrous NCIMB 41164.

Abstract: Non-leguminous crops, e.g. wheat, maize and rice, do not form nodules and are dependant for their nutrition on fixed nitrogen from the soil, or from chemical/nitrogenous fertilizers. The present invention provides non-leguminous plants and leguminous plants, including legumes that fail to nodulate with Rhizobia, with bacteria that enable them to fix nitrogen endophytically. Therefore, the plants contain nitrogen fixing bacteria the bacteria being located intracellularly in living plant cells.

Abstract: L-Glutamic acid is produced by culturing in a liquid culture medium a microorganism belonging to the genus Pantoea or Serratia and having an ability to produce L-glutamic acid, which increases in an activity of enzyme catalyzing a reaction for L-glutamic acid biosynthesis or which decreases in or is deficient in an activity of an enzyme catalyzing a reaction branching from a pathway for L-glutamic acid biosynthesis and producing a compound other than L-glutamic acid, and collecting produced L-glutamic acid from the culture medium.

Abstract: The invention relates to a probiotic health or fitness promoting human or animal foodstuff and/or drinking water additive, comprising a mixture of microorganisms, selected from the group Enterococcus faecium, DSM 16211, Lactobacillus reuteri, DSM 16350, Lactobacillus salivarius ssp. salivarius, DSM 16351, Pediococcus acidilactici, DSM 16210, Bifidobacterium animalis and DSM 16284. The invention further relates to a use of the human or animal foodstuff and/or drinking water additive, in particular for prevention of the harmful effect of a number of undesirable germs in the digestive system of animals and/or domestic birds.

Abstract: Compositions and methods useful for reducing or eliminating the presence of pathogens in meat and meat products are disclosed. Administration of one or more lactic acid producing microorganisms to a live animal, to a carcass, to meat, to meat products, or in animal feed results in significant reductions in the amount of pathogens potentially harmful to humans when ingested. Synergistic effects can be achieved with the administration of multiple strains of microorganisms.

Abstract: Disclosed are formulations for enhancing the in vivo colonization of probiotic microorganisms that include digestive enzymes and probiotic microorganisms, and polysorbate surfactants. The enzymes include lactogenic enzyme formulations that promote growth of Lactobacillus probiotics, bifidogenic enzyme formulations that promote growth of Bifidobacterium probiotics and combination formulations that benefit both types of probiotics. It has been discovered that certain polysorbate surfactants, including polysorbate-60 and polysorbate-80, further promote probiotic microorganism growth, when used with the enzyme formulations. The formulations are preferably compounded as dry powders, to avoid water reaction with the enzymes in blended formulations. Such formulations can be contained in capsules, tablets, packets or bottles and administered orally, either sequentially or in one combined formulation.

Abstract: According to the invention there is provided a strain of lactic acid bacteria of the genus Bifidobacteria obtainable by isolation from resected and washed feline gastrointestinal tract having a probiotic activity in animals. Methods of use and compositions comprising the Bifidobacteria of the present invention are also provided.

Abstract: A process for the removal of mercury from coal prior to combustion is disclosed. The process is based on use of microorganisms to oxidize iron, sulfur and other species binding mercury within the coal, followed by volatilization of mercury by the microorganisms. The microorganisms are from a class of iron and/or sulfur oxidizing bacteria. The process involves contacting coal with the bacteria in a batch or continuous manner. The mercury is first solubilized from the coal, followed by microbial reduction to elemental mercury, which is stripped off by sparging gas and captured by a mercury recovery unit, giving mercury-free coal. The mercury can be recovered in pure form from the sorbents via additional processing.

Abstract: The present invention is in the field of prophylaxis of allergies, and relates specifically to primary prevention of atopic diseases by administering probiotic bacteria, beneficial microbes of the healthy gut flora, pre- and postnatally to children at high risk of atopic diseases.

Abstract: Waste material is screened to produce unders and overs, the overs are treated to produce a partially hydrolyzed biomass, and the partially hydrolyzed biomass and the unders are anaerobically digested. Treating the overs includes fermenting and mixing the overs with an aerotolerant anaerobic bacteria in a controlled environment, such as a rotating drum, while air is passed through the controlled environment. The moisture content, pH, and biological content of the overs can be adjusted before the overs are treated. Volatile fatty acids from the air passed through the controlled environment can be collected for anaerobic digestion or can be recirculated back into the controlled environment. The cleansed air can also be recycled back into the controlled environment.

Abstract: The present invention relates to polypeptides having antimicrobial activity and polynucleotides having a nucleotide sequence which encodes for the polypeptides. The invention also relates to nucleic acid constructs, vectors, and host cells comprising the nucleic acid constructs as well as methods for producing and using the polypeptides.

Abstract: An exemplary embodiment providing one or more improvements includes feeding animals with probiotic microbes encapsulated in a mixture of xanthan gum and chitosan, or in gelatin, specifically Pediococcus acidilactici and Saccharomyces boulardii. Such encapsulation protects the viability of the probiotic microbes against unfavorable temperatures. An exemplary embodiment providing one or more improvements includes methods of using viable probiotics in therapy of birds and mammals infected with infectious diseases. Probiotics acted as adjuvants in stimulating antibody reaction and stimulated a cellular immunity response. In particular, probiotics were shown to reduce the number of viable oocytes from fecal samples, stimulate antibody production, and stimulate of proliferation of splenocytes in chickens infected with Elimeria. In addition, probiotics were shown to relieve symptoms of parvovirus infection in dogs.

Abstract: The present invention provides formulations and methods for controlling or suppressing bacterial or fungal plant pathogens, including Erwina amylovora the bacteria that causes fire blight. A formulation for controlling of suppressing a plant pathogen may include at least one beneficial species of bacteria, at least one beneficial species of fungi, a nutrient, at least one compound that extends the length of time that the formulation remains effective. Typically the formulation is applied to the above ground structures of the plant including its leaves, flowers, stems, trunk, blossoms and fruit.