Abstract: Provided are methods for determining the presence or amount of testosterone in a test sample, comprising ionizing all or a portion of the testosterone present in the sample to produce one or more testosterone ions that are detectable in a mass spectrometer. All or a portion of the testosterone present in the sample is ionized to produce one or more testosterone ions, which may be isolated and fragmented to produce precursor ions. A separately detectable internal testosterone standard can be provided in the sample. In a preferred embodiment, the reference is 2,2,4,6,6-d5 testosterone.

Abstract: A method of identification and quantitative analysis of aldehydes and/or ketones in a sample by mass spectrometry using stable isotope labeled oxime internal standards or stable isotope labeled hydrazone internal standards is provided. Stable isotope labeled oxime internal standards are synthesized by reaction of an authentic sample of aldehydes and/or ketones with a stable isotope labeled alkoxylamine reagent while stable isotope labeled hydrazone internal standards are synthesized by reaction of an authentic sample of aldehydes and/or ketones with a stable isotope labeled alkylhydrazine reagent. A non labeled version of the stable isotope labeled reagent is used to convert aldehydes and/or ketones in the sample to the non labeled version of the stable isotope labeled oxime or hydrazone internal standards.

Abstract: A carbonyl compound scavenger comprising a mineral acid salt of a benzylhydroxyamine-based compound of the formula (1) and at least one adsorbent selected from the group consisting of silica gel, alumina, cellulose and activated carbon: [wherein, R represents an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, haloalkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, haloalkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, nitro group or cyano group, and R1 and R2 represent each independently a hydrogen atom or alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and a hydrogen atom on a benzene ring to which a cyano group and R are connected may be substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, haloalkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, haloalkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, nitro group or cyano group.].

Abstract: According to an aspect of the invention, a polymerized form of formaldehyde is available in granular form containing a polymerized form of formaldehyde, such as paraformaldehyde, a buffer, such as sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous, and a stabilizer, such as hydroxymethyl cellulose, or hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose. When added to an aqueous solvent, the paraformaldehyde can dissolve in alkaline solution, and depolymerizes into a formaldehyde solution containing a stabilizer. Optionally a second member of the buffer pair or another buffer or pH adjuster can be used The stabilized depolymerized formaldehyde solution is then ready for use, or can be modified by addition of other substances, such as sodium phosphate monobasic monohydrate. Additionally, an additional buffer may be included in the granular mixture to increase the rate at which the solid dissolves and depolymerizes.

Abstract: An analytical technique for the accurate and precise measurement of trace water in chemical reagents, comprising the steps of combining a chemical reagent comprising ?5 ppm water, with hexafluoroacetone (HFA), to form a sample mixture comprising at least the chemical reagent and a water derivative of hexafluoroacetone; and measuring the concentration of the water derivative of hexafluoroacetone by gas chromatography.

Abstract: A method of addressing and driving an electrode array includes the step of addressing one or more electrodes within the array using a plurality of row and column lines. In one aspect of the method, a value corresponding to a voltage is stored in a local memory associated with each electrode. The addressed electrodes are then driven at the voltages corresponding to the stored values. In another aspect of the method, a driving element associated with each addressed electrode is selectively coupled with a voltage line so as to charge the electrode with the voltage on the voltage line. The device and methods may be used in the synthesis of biopolymers such as oligonucleotides and peptides.

Abstract: A new method is proposed where a limited amount of MBTH is used to detect a point of interest (POI) of an aldehyde in a test sample. Preferably, it reacts with aldehyde first to form an azine. Only if there is remaining MBTH, it is oxidized to another species which combines with the azine to form formazan. However, if there is enough aldehyde, all the MBTH is converted to azine and there is no formation of blue color. Thus, by using the limiting agent MBTH to test the amount of aldehyde around the point of interest, then less aldehyde would produce more blue color and more aldehyde would produce less blue color. This method is especially useful in the quality control of aldehyde products. The end color may be different depending upon the order of addition of the reactants. For example, if an oxidizing agent and MBTH are mixed before adding the aldehyde, a light green to green/blue color results. This method could be used for solution test or for tests on a solid phase such as on nylon membrane.

Abstract: A fluorescent probe for measuring magnesium ion, which can selectively form a complex with magnesium ion in aqueous system is disclosed. The fluorescent probe for measuring magnesium ion according to the present invention has the structure represented by the following Formula [I]: (wherein R1 represents a hydrogen atom, metal atom or an ester-forming group; A represents a group which forms a ring structure together with carbon atom 1 and carbon atom 2; and X is a fluorescent group which may form a condensed ring together with the ring containing the group A).

Abstract: A detecting material to detect formaldehyde at low concentration in the atmosphere in a short time is prepared by impregnating a base material containing at least silica gel with a coloring liquid containing 4-amino-4-phenyl-3-ene-2-one and a buffer solution and volatilizing the solvent.

Abstract: An addressable biologic electrode array includes an array of electrodes disposed on a support, the array of electrodes being selectively addressed and driven using a memory associated with each electrode of the array, the driven electrodes being driven at one of a plurality of stimulus levels by a source of electrical current or voltage external to the array.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring the concentration of formaldehyde in an exhaust stream from turbines, internal combustion engines and the like, which apparatus includes a portable housing having a sample gas inlet through which a sample gas for analysis is introduced into the portable housing and an analysis system disposed in the portable housing suitable for analyzing the sample gas for the presence of formaldehyde in the sample gas.

Abstract: A biologic electrode array is formed on a semiconductor substrate. A matrix of electrode sites is disposed on the semiconductor substrate. A matrix of optical detectors is disposed beneath the electrode sites in the semiconductor substrate, wherein each electrode site is associated with a corresponding optical detector. The optical detectors are coupled to detection circuitry formed on the semiconductor substrate. The electrode sites may include slitted electrodes, punctuated electrodes, or optically transparent electrodes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds and more particularly to compounds which are useful for the determination of bicarbonate and the delivery of bicarbonate to a non-aqueous solution. The invention further relates to an optical sensor for the determination of bicarbonate in a liquid sample.

Abstract: Perfluoropolyethers having structural formula R1O—(CF2O)n—(CF2CF2O)mR2??(I) wherein: R1 is —CH3 or —C2H5; R2 is equal to R1 or —CF2H n is 0 or an integer from 1 to 100; m is an integer from 1 to 100 or, when R2 is —CF2H, m can also be 0; the oxyfluoro-alkylene units —(CF2CF2O)— and —(CF2O)— are statistically distributed along the polymer chain.

Abstract: The present invention is drawn to a method of performing a one-pot organic reactions including carbon monoxide as reactant, without the use of an external CO gas source, wherein a reaction mixture containing a solid or liquid CO releasing compound, a non-metal substrate and a metal catalyst is exposed to an energy source to release carbon monoxide from the CO releasing compound and wherein carbon atoms of the released carbon monoxide form a bond with the non-metal substrate compound. The present invention is further drawn to a method of preparing chemical libraries and a kit for organic reactions.

Abstract: A process is described, and also the system for its embodiment, for the determination of pollution by MTBE in the soil and in the overlying atmosphere. An example is described relating to the monitoring of underground fuel tanks for autotraction containing an oxygenated additive.

Abstract: A stabilization reagent composition, particularly desirable for stabilizing blood samples containing platelets, contains reactants that generate multiple species of formaldehyde-ammonium complexes; at least one inhibitor of phosphatase enzymatic activity; and at least one inhibitor of protease enzymatic activity. Blood samples and other tissues are stabilized by this composition. Such stabilized samples are produced by methods for stabilizing the tissue by contacting the sample with the composition.

Abstract: The present invention concerns alkyl aryl carbonyl compounds that possess anti-infective activity. The compounds of the invention can be used to target specific nuclear localization signal, thereby blocking importation of specific proteins or molecular complex into the nucleus of a cell. The invention encompasses methods of use of such compounds for treatment or prevention of infectious diseases, such as parasitic and viral diseases, including, for example, malaria and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. The use of the compounds to detect certain specific protein structures which are present in nuclear localization sequences is also taught.

Abstract: A sensor for the detection of tetrameric multivalent neuraminidase within a sample is disclosed, where a positive detection indicates the presence of a target virus within the sample. Also disclosed is a trifunctional composition of matter including a trifunctional linker moiety with groups bonded thereto including (a) an alkyl chain adapted for attachment to a substrate, (b) a fluorescent moiety capable of generating a fluorescent signal, and (c) a recognition moiety having a spacer group of a defined length thereon, the recognition moiety capable of binding with tetrameric multivalent neuraminidase.

Abstract: The concentration of citrate complexing agent in an electroless cobalt or nickel plating bath is determined by titrating a sample of the electroless plating bath containing a small concentration of free fluoride ion with a standard lanthanum nitrate solution. During the titration, La3+ ion first reacts preferentially with the citrate complexing agent and then with fluoride ion, which reduces the free fluoride ion concentration. The endpoint for the titration is indicated by a substantial decrease in the free fluoride ion concentration, which is detected via a fluoride ion specific electrode (ISE). The method can be used for analysis of other complexing agents.

Abstract: A convenient and efficient process for direct preparation of 5-alkoxy and 5-acyloxy analogues of camptothecins (anticancer compounds) and mappicine ketones (antiviral compounds) has been invented by treatment of the parent compounds with alcohols and acids respectively in the presence of ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN) at room temperature. The process is simple, economic and completed within a short period of time.

Abstract: A method of addressing and driving an electrode array includes the step of addressing one or more electrodes within the array using a plurality of row and column lines. In one aspect of the method, a value corresponding to a voltage is stored in a local memory associated with each electrode. The addressed electrodes are then driven at the voltages corresponding to the stored values. In another aspect of the method, a driving element associated with each addressed electrode is selectively coupled with a voltage line so as to charge the electrode with the voltage on the voltage line. The device and methods may be used in the synthesis of biopolymers such as oligonucleotides and peptides.

Abstract: A test strip, methods for making and using the test strip, and a kit are described, which allow for the simple and efficient determination of the acetaldehyde content in a polyester polymer. The strip and methods have application, for example, in the manufacture of polyethylene terephthalate preforms and containers, where existing methods for testing for acetaldehyde are cumbersome and time consuming.

Abstract: Devices and methods for sensing and detecting cortisol levels in a fluid sample in real-time using a cortisol-imprinted polymer are provided. Also provided are hydration devices that include a cortisol sensor of the present invention capable both of providing hydration to a user and allowing the user to measure cortisol levels in the user's bodily fluids in real-time.

Abstract: There is provided a method for producing a sampling tube for carbonyl compound, manifesting low blank value and enabling analysis of carbonyl compounds such as formaldehyde and the like in air or in water with high sensitivity and high accuracy by a simple manner, which comprises the following steps:

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an analytical method for measuring the concentration of an N-(phosphonomethyl)iminodiacetic acid (“NPMIDA”) substrate, an N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine product, formaldehyde, formic acid, N-methyl-N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine (“NMG”), N-methyl-aminomethylphosphonic acid (MAMPA) or aminomethylphosphonic acid (“AMPA”)) in an aqueous mixture thereof, using infrared spectroscopy. The present invention is also directed to a process for oxidizing an N-(phosphonomethyl)iminodiacetic acid substrate to form a N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine product, and as part of the process, measuring the concentration of at least one reactant, product or byproduct of the oxidation reaction using the analytical method of the present invention and controlling the oxidation process in response to the measurement taken.

Abstract: A test strip assembly for detecting the presence of a substance in liquid sample comprises a contact detection pad in communication with a reagent-free absorbent strip. The absorbent strip receives the liquid sample and communicates it to the contact detection pad via lateral flow. The absorbent strip and contact detection pad are adhered to a support. A liquid impermeable pad is disposed adjacent to and spaced apart from the contact detection pad to prevent any further travel of the sample. Further add-on assemblies may be coupled to the base test strip assembly. The test strip assembly may be disposed in a housing along with a drug test strip to form a device that performs multiple types of tests. Methods for assaying and manufacturing are also provided.

Abstract: Tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) has been used extensively for solving various biological problems, such as structure identification of oligopeptides, nucleic acids, and nucleotides. One of the main advances of MS/MS is that it lends itself to the quantitative and qualitative analysis of certain analytes and complex mixtures with little or no clean up. Quantitative analysis of amino acids and acylcarnitines using tandem mass spectrometry used to screen neonatal dried blood spot samples for disorders in the metabolism of amino acids, organic acids and fatty acids is an emerging technology. The method described herein extends the use of tandem mass spectrometry to the analysis of &agr;-hydroxyketones and hexose phosphates from blood spots for newborn screening. Thus, according to this invention one test can be used to screen a number of neonatal disorders and diseases.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds and more particularly to compounds which are useful for the determination of bicarbonate and the delivery of bicarbonate to a non-aqueous solution. The invention further relates to an optical sensor for the determination of bicarbonate in a liquid sample.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of detecting a peroxide-based explosive in a sample suspected of consisting of or comprising such explosive, which method comprises dissolving said sample in a suitable organic solvent, contacting the solution with an aqueous solution of a strong acid capable of decomposing said explosive to release hydrogen peroxide, and contacting the resulting mixture with a peroxidase enzyme. The invention also provides a kit for use in the method of the invention.

Abstract: The present invention provides an apparatus to analyze breath gas for diagnosing diabetes. The apparatus determines acetone levels in breath gas samples and provides a diagnostic results based on the acetone levels. The present invention further provides a method of using such apparatus to distinguish healthy people and patients with early diabetes or sever diabetes.

Abstract: Methods are provided for detecting oxidative intermediates in biological samples. These methods may be used to advantage to assess oxidative kidney injury and mitigation of kidney injury in response to drugs, diet and other therapies in patients with chronic kidney disease.

Abstract: A reagent for use in detecting the presence of aldehyde particularly in an aqueous solution, urine, or other body fluids comprising a solution sodium metabisulfite, phosphoric acid, basic fuchsin (BA 130) and deionized water. The sodium metabisulfite is present at about 8-12 grams, the phosphoric acid is present at 10 milliliters, the basic fuchsin is present at about 4.8-5.2 grams and the deionized water is present at about 995-1005 milliliters. A test kit including a sealed container having a predetermined amount of the reagent therein, a dispenser for obtaining a predetermined amount of a specimen to be tested and depositing it in the container and a color chart for comparing the color of the combined reagent and specimen after waiting period of between 2-5 minutes.

Abstract: A reagent for use in detecting the presence of aldehyde particularly in an aqueous solution, urine, or other body fluids comprising a solution sodium metabisulfite, phosphoric acid, basic fuchsin (BA 130) and deionized water. The sodium metabisulfite is present at about 8-12 grams, the phosphoric acid is present at 10 milliliters, the basic fuchsin is present at about 4.8-5.2 grams and the deionized water is present at about 995-1005 milliliters. A test kit including a sealed container having a predetermined amount of the reagent therein, a dispenser for obtaining a predetermined amount of a specimen to be tested and depositing it in the container and a color chart for comparing the color of the combined reagent and specimen after waiting period of between 2-5 minutes.

Abstract: A biologic electrode array assembly is formed on an integrated circuit chip that includes an array of electrodes. At least one metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) switch is coupled to at least one of the electrodes within the array. A voltage line is provided that is selectively connected to the at least one electrode via the MOS switch. A voltage source is coupled to the voltage line. In one preferred aspect of the invention, the MOS switch is a CMOS switch. In another aspect of the invention, an addressable memory is associated with the at least one electrode located within the array.

Abstract: A weight loss system and method measures one or more metabolic parameters in a body fluid sample and correlates the level of the metabolic parameter to a change in body fat or a metabolic state. The weight loss system includes a weight loss monitor including a sampling device for yielding a sample of the body fluid sample and a test element for analyzing the body fluid sample to determine the level of the metabolic parameter. An algorithm correlates the level of the metabolic parameter to a change in body fat, the metabolic state of the user or other parameter indicative of the success of the dieting process. The weight loss monitor may also track and display a user's weight versus an objective and provide feedback and assistance with the dieting process.

Abstract: Devices and methods for sensing and detecting cortisol levels in a fluid sample in real-time using a cortisol-imprinted polymer are provided. Also provided are hydration devices comprising a cortisol sensor of the present invention capable both of providing hydration to a user and allowing the user to measure cortisol levels in the user's bodily fluids in real-time.

Abstract: The present invention concerns alkyl aryl carbonyl compounds that possess anti-infective activity. The compounds of the invention can be used to target specific nuclear localization signal, thereby blocking importation of specific proteins or molecular complex into the nucleus of a cell. The invention encompasses methods of use of such compounds for treatment or prevention of infectious diseases, such as parasitic and viral diseases, including, for example, malaria and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. The use of the compounds to detect certain specific protein structures which are present in nuclear localization sequences is also taught.

Abstract: A sensor for the detection of tetrameric multivalent neuraminidase within a sample is disclosed, where a positive detection indicates the presence of a target virus within the sample. Also disclosed is a trifunctional composition of matter including a trifunctional linker moiety with groups bonded thereto including (a) an alkyl chain adapted for attachment to a substrate, (b) a fluorescent moiety capable of generating a fluorescent signal, and (c) a recognition moiety having a spacer group of a defined length thereon, the recognition moiety capable of binding with tetrameric multivalent neuraminidase.

Abstract: A ketosis-treating agent comprising, as an active ingredient, at least one amino acid selected from valine, isoleucine, serine, glutamine and glutamic acid, or a peptide or protein comprising at least one amino acid selected from valine, isoleucine, serine, glutamine and glutamic acid; a method for treating or preventing ketosis, comprising administering to a human or animal an effective amount of the above agent; and a method for treating or preventing symptoms relating to ketone bodies, comprising administering to a human or animal an effective amount of the above agent.

Abstract: The invention relates to an enhancement solution for an assay technology using lanthanide ions or their chelates as labels and dissociative fluorescence enhancement as a tool for detection, wherein said enhancement solution comprises a &bgr;-dietone of formula I 1

Abstract: An odour sensor utilises an amine or an aldehyde dispersed in a polymer film to detect a vapour phase aldehyde or amine respectively. The amine and aldehyde react to form fluorescent reaction product which is detected by measuring the fluorescence emitted after irradiating the sensor element with UV light. The sensor contains a camera and a programmed cpu to analyse the fluorescence to determine the identity of the vapour phase molecule and its concentration.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for the solvent extraction of analytes from a sample are provided. A solvent system is used to extract analytes under elevated temperatures and constant regulated pressures under dynamic conditions. The extracted analytes may then be further analyzed.

Abstract: A test strip, methods for making and using the test strip, and a kit are described, which allow for the simple and efficient determination of the acetaldehyde content in a polyester polymer. The strip and methods have application, for example, in the manufacture of polyethylene terephthalate preforms and containers, where existing methods for testing for acetaldehyde are cumbersome and time consuming.

Abstract: A test strip, methods for making and using the test strip, and a kit are described, which allow for the simple and efficient determination of the acetaldehyde content in a polyester polymer. The strip and methods have application, for example, in the manufacture of polyethylene terephthalate preforms and containers, where existing methods for testing for acetaldehyde are cumbersome and time consuming.

Abstract: A rapid analysis method for the determination of Fries rearrangement products in aromatic polycarbonate resins utilizes in-line determination of polymer concentration and in-line fluorescence detection of Fries rearrangement products. The method avoids time consuming sample preparation required by previous methods, allows for separation of interfering low molecular weight components, and is suitable for automation.

Abstract: Method and compositions for determining oxidative stress in a subject are provided in which presence of an aldehyde in a biological fluid is correlated with an oxidative stress in a subject. A test reagent having a pH regulator, a reducing agent, and an aldehyde-reactive chromogen is mixed with the biological fluid, and the color of the resulting aldehyde-modified chromogen is correlated with the oxidative stress.

Abstract: A simple assay is described to determine the presence of a point of interest of an aldehyde such as OPA, glutaraldehyde or formaldehyde in a test solution such as a disinfectant. The aldehyde is reacted with a calculated amount of a reagent such as sodium bisulfite or sodium cyanide. This reaction produces a solution with a first color. This first color may be colorless. The remaining aldehyde is reacted with a compound containing an amino group such as an amino acid to produce a second color. The observation of a color confirms the presence of a certain amount of the aldehyde in the test solution. If no color is developed, then the aldehyde concentration is below a certain specification. The specific concentration point may be adjusted to practically any point by adjusting the amounts of the chemical reagents used or by using a different amount of aldehyde in the solution to be tested.

Abstract: An apparatus provides for the detection, the determination of the location or the spatial distribution, and/or the quantification of an amount of a chemical species by allowing the chemical species to come into contact with a fluid medium contained in a permeable capillary, transferring the content of the capillary after the contact to a detector, and detecting the chemical species as the content of the capillary is transferred to a detector. The fluid medium can contain a selected reagent that selectively interacts with the chemical species to produce an optically detectable interaction product. The location and amount of the chemical species are determined from a characteristic of the chemical species or its interaction product measured on the content of the capillary and the time at which the characteristic is detected.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a simple method for optical detection of the epoxide and/or aldehyde concentration in the waste gases of chemical reactions, particularly propene oxide and/or acrolein, for example, in the catalyzed partial oxidation of propene. The concentration of the epoxide/aldehyde may be estimated quantitatively by visual means by comparison with a standard or evaluated by digitalization of the image obtained on the detection plate. The detection medium employed in this method is a substrate to which an acid salt has been applied and, optionally, heat treated.