Abstract: The present invention relates generally to the 18-membered macrocyclic antimicrobial agents called Tiacumicins, specifically, OPT-80 (which is composed almost entirely of the R-Tiacumicin B), pharmaceutical compositions comprising OPT-80, and methods using OPT-80. In particular, this compound is a potent drug for the treatment of bacterial infections, specifically C. difficile infections.

Abstract: Antimicrobial compositions comprising one or more compound components generally recognized as safe for human consumption, and related methods of use, such compositions and methods as can be employed in a wide range of agricultural, industrial, building, pharmaceutical and/or personal care products and, applications.

Abstract: The present invention provides an extraction method for the leaves of Ilex kudingcha C. J. Tseng, and the total saponins from I. kudingcha leaves extracted by using this method, and use of the total saponins in preparing a drug for reducing cholesterol and blood lipids and anti-atherosclerosis. The extraction method comprises the following steps: subjecting I. kudingcha leaves to refluxing extraction with ethanol aqueous solution to obtain an extracted solution; filtering the extracted solution and removing ethanol, and then separating and purifying the solution using a macroporous resin column.

Abstract: The invention provides esterified ?-galactosylceramides effective for cancer treatment and the like, and a medicament containing same. In particular, the invention relates to a compound represented by the formula (I): wherein R1 is a hydrocarbon group having a carbon number of 1 to 30, R2 is a hydrocarbon group having a carbon number of 1 to 20, R3 is a hydrogen atom or hydrocarbon group having a carbon number of 1 to 5, R4 and R5 are the same or different and each is a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having a carbon number of 1 to 5, or R4 and R5 in combination form a divalent hydrocarbon group having a carbon number of 1 to 5, and optionally form a ring structure together with the adjacent ethylenedioxy, or a salt thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel crystalline form of a Compound 3,4?,5-trihydroxy-stilbene-3-?-D-glucoside (polydatin) and a method of preparation and use thereof, and to a pharmaceutical composition containing crystalline form I of 3,4?,5-trihydroxy-stilbene-3-?-D-glucoside. Crystalline form I of 3,4?,5-trihydroxy-stilbene-3-?-D-glucoside of the present invention has a stable crystalline morphology, a definite melting point and a good chemical stability. Such a novel form of 3,4?,5-trihydroxy-stilbene-3-?-D-glucoside possesses the properties required for the preparation of solid formulations and is easily tabletable and readily formable when formulated, which allows for substantial decrease in raw materials costs, more facile operations in production and easier control over quality in industrial drug production, and moreover, better convenience in storage.

Abstract: Methods and materials are provided for the production of glycosylated peptides that exhibit high affinity and specificity for delta opioid receptors. The methods and materials of the present invention may be used for treatment of conditions involving pain, such as acute pain and nociceptic pain, neuralgia and myalgia.

Abstract: A method for inhibiting proliferation of Helicobacter pylori including a compound that can simply be mass-produced, can specifically inhibit the proliferation of H. pylori, which has high safety and never generates any resistant bacteria, as well as a diet of a food or beverage, and a pharmaceutical preparation containing the proliferation inhibitor of Helicobacter pylori. The proliferation inhibitor of Helicobacter pylori comprises an alpha-N-acetyl-glucosaminyl bond-containing monosaccharide derivative represented by the following chemical formula (1) GlcNAc1-alpha-O—Y ??(1) (in the formula (1), Y is a straight-, branched- or cyclic-aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 27 carbon atoms or a straight-, branched- or cyclic-acyl group having 1 to 27 carbon atoms). The diet of the food, the beverage or the pharmaceutical preparation comprises the proliferation inhibitor of Helicobacter pylori.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions and methods for protecting against atrophy of pancreatic islets in a human with metabolic syndromes are disclosed. The method comprises administering to the mammal a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound having a chemical structure of formula (I) in an effective amount and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier: wherein R is H or COCH2COOH; m=3 or 4; n=0 or 1; o=2; and p=1 or 2.

Abstract: Use of chemical ingredients in Cynomorium as phytoestrogen is provided by the present invention. Particularly, use of Cynomorium, extracts of Cynomorium, or at least one ingredient chosen from chrysophanol, emodin, catechin, (?)-epicatechin-3-O-gallate, naringenin-4?-O-glucopyranoside, and phlorizin, in manufacturing medicaments for treating and/or preventing diseases related to insufficient of estrogen secretion in mammal (for example, human), or use in manufacturing medicaments used as phytoestrogens is provided by the present invention. The extracts of Cynomorium, compositions containing extracts of Cynomorium or active ingredients thereof, and methods of treating and/or preventing diseases related to insufficient of estrogen secretion are also provided by the present invention.

Abstract: Provided is an all natural composition including naturally-obtained plant extracts.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition derived from the hydrolysate of plant containing crocin or the derivatives thereof. The composition includes a significant amount of crocetin monoester. The present invention also provides a method to hydrolyze crocin existing in a plant extract, and further relates to the use.

Abstract: A method of inhibiting the secretion of IL-8 and other pro-inflammatory cytokines from cells secreting elevated levels of these compounds is provided. The method includes contacting the cell with a composition comprising a cardiac glycoside such as oleandrin. The cardiac glycoside can be used to treat cystic fibrosis and other IL-8 dependent disorders by lowering levels of spontaneously secreted IL-8 and other pro-inflammatory cytokines. Oleandrin was found to suppress the secretion of IL-8 from cultured CF lung epithelial cells in the nanomolar concentration range. Structure-activity relationships (SARs) for cardiac glycosides are also elucidated.

Abstract: The present invention is a method for selecting a patient to be given a drug for treating septicemia the mode of action of which is to interrupt toll-like receptor 4-derived intracellular signaling. The provided method comprises a step for measuring sCD14-ST in a blood sample from a subject, a step for comparing the measured value with a cut-off value, and a step for selecting a patient as the patient to be given the drug for the treatment of septicemia when the measured value of the sample of that patient is positive in comparison to the cut-off value. The present invention makes it possible to provide a drug to be given to a specific patient to treat septicemia, the mode of action of which is to interrupt toll-like receptor 4-derived intracellular signaling, and to appropriately select the patient to be given the drug and the administration timing or dose.

Abstract: The invention provides compositions and methods for treating cancer with glufosfamide in combination with an inhibitor of sodium-glucose transporter type 2 (SGLT2) to block the uptake of glucose in the proximal tubules of the kidneys to decrease renal toxicity. The invention relates to the fields of biomedicine, pharmacology, and molecular biology.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel and advantageous materials and methods for preventing and treating viral infection.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of treating infectious, inflammatory and post-traumatic disorders by administering various compounds newly discovered to have TLR4 inhibitory activity. In addition to methods of treatment, the present invention further provides for pharmaceutical compositions comprising said compounds, together with a suitable pharmaceutical carrier. Because TLR4 is the most upstream receptor in the pro-inflammatory LPS signaling cascade, treatments of the invention, which inhibit or antagonize TLR4 action, may avoid the pitfalls associated with other cytokine inhibitors that act further down the pathway and accordingly play a less specific (and perhaps non-critical) role.

Abstract: A composition and method for treating a bone condition of an animal. The composition includes a nanoformulation of active ingredients. The active ingredients include Lepidium Sativum or other Lepidium extracts, calcium, vitamin D, and antioxidants. The method for treating a bone condition includes introducing the composition into the animal.

Abstract: The invention provides functionalized monosaccharides and disaccharides suitable for use in synthesizing a lipid A derivative, as well as methods for synthesizing and using a synthetic lipid A derivative.

Abstract: The present invention relates to dendrimers with a monosaccharide, oligosaccharide or polysaccharide terminal group, to their preparation method and their therapeutic uses, notably anti-inflammatory uses.

Abstract: The invention concerns novel biotinylated hexadecasaccharides of general formula (I) wherein: Biot is a biotin derivative; R, R1 and R2, represent independently of one another a C1-C6 alkoxy or and —OSO3; R3 represents a C1-C6 alkoxy or an —OSO3, or R3 constitutes a —O—CH2— bridge; Pe represents a saccharide concatenation; as well as their pharmaceutically acceptable salts, and their use as medicines.

Abstract: Methods of using phosphotetrahydropyran compounds for treatment of fibrotic and scarring disorders, e.g. pulmonary fibrosis, fibrosis associated with surgical procedures, wound healing disorders, scar formation, sclerotic disorders, ocular fibrotic disorders, ocular healing disorders, ocular fibrosis after surgery, glaucoma, tendon scarring disorders, joint scarring disorders, kidney interstitial fibrosis and glomerular fibrosis and tubular fibrosis of the kidney.

Abstract: The present invention describes phytochemicals present in maple syrup and maple tree extracts by butanol, ethyl acetate and methanol. Novel compounds are isolated from maple syrups, including one compound Quebecol generated in the maple syrup manufacturing process. Also described are digesting extract of maple syrup. The phytochemicals may be used for the treatment or prevention of cancers, metabolic syndromes, diabetes, microorganism infections and/or antioxidants.

Abstract: Several terpene glycosides (e.g., mogroside V, paenoiflorin, geniposide, rubusoside, rebaudioside A, steviol monoside and stevioside) were discovered to enhance the solubility of a number of pharmaceutically and medicinally important compounds, including but not limited to, paclitaxel, camptothecin, curcumin, tanshinone HA, capsaicin, cyclosporine, erythromycin, nystatin, itraconazole, celecoxib, clofazimine, digoxin, oleandrin, nifedipine, and amiodarone. The use of the diterpene glycoside rubusoside and monoterpene glycoside paenoiflorin increased solubility in all tested compounds. The terpene glycosides are a naturally occurring class of water solubility-enhancing compounds that are non-toxic and that will be useful as new complexing agents or excipients in the pharmaceutical, agricultural (e.g., solubilizing pesticides), cosmetic and food industries.

Abstract: The invention provides a glycolipid effective for cancer treatment and the like and a synthetic intermediate therefor, as well as a medicament containing the glycolipid and the like.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of certain derivatives of D-mannopyranoside for controlling angiogenesis. These compounds have a pro-angiogenic activity, and can particularly be used for preparing a pharmaceutical composition for treating cardiovascular diseases or for treating muscular atrophy. The invention also relates to certain D-mannopyranoside derivatives, to a pharmaceutical or cosmetic composition containing said derivatives, and to the use of such a cosmetic composition for preventing and/or treating hair loss.

Abstract: Molecules having the following structure are disclosed. Processes of using such molecules are disclosed.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for production of gangliosides, e.g., GM1, from cells in culture using, for example, bone marrow cells and neuroblastoma cells. Methods include the treatment of cells with neural induction media and chloroquine, or chloroquine alone in the case of, e.g., human bone marrow cells, neuraminidase or glucosamine, to induce the production of gangliosides, e.g., GM1, in the cells. Also provided are methods of long-term, high density culturing of cells without passaging to produce gangliosides, e.g., GM1. Methods of quantifying gangliosides, e.g., GM1 in cell culture are also provided.

Abstract: Hypersulfated disaccharides with utility in asthma or asthma related disorders are disclosed. The compounds are formulated with agents that enhance the oral delivery of the hypersulfated disaccharides. The delivery agents are selected from the group consisting of natural or synthetic polymers having ionic side chains as well as other compounds or types of compounds that improve the bioavailability of the disaccharides relative to delivery of the drug without such agents. The hypersulfated disaccharides are made from heparin or salts thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a calixarene-based glycosylated compound (I) having the formula: (I) wherein D is independently selected in the group comprising a —CH2-group, an oxygen atom, a sulphur atom, a sulfinyl group or a sulfonyl group, E is independently selected in the group comprising a hydrogen, an alkyl having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an aryl having from 6 to 20 carbon atoms, a nitrogen dioxide group, an azide group, an amino group, a guanidinium group, a halogen atom, a —CH2R group wherein R is a hydroxyl, a halogen, an amino group, a N(alkyl)2 group, a NH(alkyl) group, or E represents a —CO—R? wherein R? is a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group or an amino, B represents a A-C group wherein A is independently selected in the group comprising an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, a NH group or a (CH2)i group, i being an integer from 1 to 10, C is independently selected in the group comprising a hydrogen, an alkyl, an alkenyl, an alkynyl, or C is a group of formula (II).

Abstract: The invention provides a method to prevent or treat HIV-infection with synthetic tannins, and pharmaceutical compositions comprising synthetic tannins.

Abstract: This invention provides a polyvalent vaccine comprising at least two conjugated antigens selected from a group containing glycolipid antigen, polysaccharide antigen, mucin antigen, glycosylated mucin antigen and an appropriate adjuvant. This invention also provides a multivalent vaccine comprising at least two of the following: glycosylated MUC-1-32mer, Globo H, GM2, Ley, Tn(c), sTN(c), and TF(c). This invention provides the vaccine above, wherein the adjuvant is saponin-based adjuvant. This invention provides a method for inducing immune response in a subject comprising administering an effective amount of the vaccine above to the subject. Finally, this invention provides a method for treating cancer in a subject comprising administering an appropriate amount of the vaccine above to the subject.

Abstract: This invention describes a process for producing a fraction enriched with jujubogenin and psudojujubogenin lycosides from Bacopa species, wherein the total Bacopa saponin concentration is up to 100% when estimated by HPLC method of analysis. The present invention also describes the processes for the enrichment of new compositions and individual saponin compounds from Bacopa monnieri to more than 95% purity. It further describes an analytical HPLC method for the estimation of total Bacopa saponin fraction and its use in therapeutic applications. This invention also includes two Bacopa saponin 3-O-[?-D-glucopyranosyl-(1?3)-?-D-glucopyranosyl] jujubogenin and 3-O-[?-D-glucopyranosyl-(1?3)-?-D-glucopyranosyl] pseudojujubogenin herein referred to as bacopaside N1 of general formula (1) and bacopaside N2 of general formula (2) respectively.

Abstract: Synergistic anti-adipogenic and pro-lipolytic compositions for the prevention and amelioration of adipogenesis and lipolysis mediated diseases, comprising at least two extracts selected from enriched demethylated curcuminoids obtained from Curcuma longa, Moringa oleifera and Murraya koenigii. The anti-adipogenic and pro-lipolytic compositions optionally contain one or more anti-obesic agents. These compositions are useful for preventing anti-inflammatory and free radical mediated diseases.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating asthma, the composition containing styraxlignolide A or an aglycone thereof as an active ingredient. More particularly, styraxlignolide A compound is one separated from stems and barks of Styrax japonica, and styraxlignolide A or homoegonol, which is an aglycone of styraxlignolide A and which has improved safety, has the effect of attenuating weight loss and airway hyperresponsiveness, inhibiting the generation of reactive oxygen species in airway, inhibiting generation of IgE, TGF-?1, and IL-17 in the serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, inhibiting endobronchial inflammatory cell infiltration, and inhibiting the formation of a mucous plug and subepithelial fibrosis in an asthma-induced mouse model. Therefore, styraxlignolide or homoegonol can be effectively used as the active ingredient of a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating bronchial asthma in which airway remodeling has progressed.

Abstract: A method is described for treating inflammatory bowel disease in a subject in need thereof. The method comprises administering a formulation comprising at least one ganglioside to the subject, wherein the formulation comprises at least about 50% GD3 by weight of total ganglioside content.

Abstract: The efficient synthesis of phosphatidylinositol mono- to hexa-mannoside (PIM1 to PIM6) is reported. The invention relates to these phosphatidylinositol mono- to hexa-mannosides carrying a linker and a reactive functional group, e.g. the sulfhydryl group, a protein, a fluorescent probe, or a solid phase. The invention further relates to vaccines comprising the PIMs linked to a carrier protein or an antigen.

Abstract: The present invention relates to lipoteichoic acid T for use in treating pleural effusion or pneumothorax. The present invention also relates to the use of lipoteichoic acid T (LTA-T) in the manufacture of a medicament for treating pleural effusion or pneumothorax. The present invention also relates to a kit comprising a pharmaceutical composition comprising lipoteichoic acid T and instructions indicating that the composition is for use as a pleurodesis agent. In addition, the present invention relates to a method of treating pleural effusion or pneumothorax comprising administration of lipoteichoic acid T to a subject.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions and methods for protecting against atrophy of pancreatic islets in a mammal with metabolic syndrome, prediabetes or diabetes are disclosed. The method comprises administering to the mammal a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound having a chemical structure of formula (I) in an effective amount and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier: wherein R is H or COCH2COOH; m=3 or 4; n=0 or 1; o=2; and p=1 or 2.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of leukotriene B4 to enhance the response of Toll-like receptor (TLR), RIG-I-like receptor (RLR), and NOD-like receptor (NLR) when stimulated simultaneously with respective proper ligands. The use in combination of LTB4 with those ligands is useful to potentiate immune response for the treatment of autoimmune diseases, immunosuppressive diseases, as well as immunological disorders.

Abstract: The present invention relates to hydrogels endowed with antibacterial properties, to be used for injection in damaged bones or in the production of antibacterial coatings of prostheses for implant in the human or animal body, obtained by loading with antibacterial agents hydrogels formed by derivatives of hyaluronic acid; the invention also relates to a kit of parts for producing the antibacterial hydrogels.

Abstract: The present invention provides the use of icariside II or extract comprising thereof in manufacture of products for preventing or treating male or female sexual dysfunction, in particular, the use for improving pathological or organical changes in erectile tissues of patients with erectile dysfunction.

Abstract: An oral composition for increasing equol production by inner-intestinal bacteria, wherein such composition contains difructose anhydride as an active ingredient to activate the equol production function of inner-intestinal bacteria.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to treatment of iron-related conditions with iron carbohydrate complexes. One aspect of the invention is a method of treatment of iron-related conditions with a single unit dosage of at least about 0.6 grams of elemental iron via an iron carbohydrate complex. The method generally employs iron carbohydrate complexes with nearly neutral pH, physiological osmolarity, and stable and non-immunogenic carbohydrate components so as to rapidly administer high single unit doses of iron intravenously to patients in need thereof.

Abstract: Preparation of nano-conjugated Tunicamycin enhances the efficacy of the drug Tunicamycin. The invention provides several nanoformulations such as Tunicamycin encapsulated in peptide nanotubes, nanotubes bound to gold nanoparticles conjugated with Tunicamycin, Tunicamycin conjugated with nanotubes, gold nanoparticles bound to tubes and conjugated with Tunicamycin, and gold nanoparticles conjugated with Tunicamycin.

Abstract: Methods and medicaments therefor are provided for the treatment of cancers of the blood or a complication therewith in an individual. More specifically, the use of particular glycomimetics for the treatment is described. Methods and medicaments therefor are also provided without regard to cancer type for reducing in an individual the myeloablative bone marrow toxicities of chemotherapy.

Abstract: Novel methods of treating proliferative disorders characterized by elevated Her-2, and the patient is then administered an effective amount of an HSP90 inhibitor.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound selected from compound of formula (I), pharmaceutically acceptable salts of compound of formula (I), and pharmaceutically acceptable prodrugs of compound of formula (I), and a composition comprising the compound of the above and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient. The present invention also provides a method for preparing a compound that activates natural killer T cells.

Abstract: Modulators of CRTH2, particularly antagonists of CRTH2, that are useful for treating various disorders, including asthma and respiratory disorders are disclosed herein.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods and compositions for the synthesis, production, and use of pro-drug analogs of the analgesic acetaminophen. This invention relates to a method for the production of a broad group of glycosides of acetaminophen derivatives.

Abstract: Methods of using azide-modified biomolecules, such as fatty acids, carbohydrates and lipids, to treat a plant, an insect or an animal infected with a virus or to inhibit infectivity of a virus, such as the human immunodeficiency virus, are provided. Also provided are methods of labeling a virus, such as human immunodeficiency virus, with an azide-modified biomolecule, such as a fatty acid, a carbohydrate, or an isoprenoid lipid. Also, provided are methods of tracking a virus in vivo, with an azide-modified biomolecule, such as a fatty acid, a carbohydrate, or an isoprenoid lipid. The azide-modified biomolecules may be combined with a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient to produce a pharmaceutical composition, optionally containing another anti-viral agent and/or a delivery agent, such as a liposome.