Group Viii Metal Containing Catalyst Utilized For The Fischer-tropsch Reaction (i.e., Fe, Co, Ni, Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir, Or Pt) Patents (Class 518/715)
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Publication number: 20130274355Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst composition comprising cobalt manganese oxide which is modified with lanthanum and/or phosphorus and optionally one or more basic elements selected from the group consisting of alkali metal, alkaline earth metal and transition metal. Furthermore, a method for preparing said catalyst composition and a process for producing aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons by Fischer-Tropsch synthesis using said catalyst composition is provided.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 15, 2011Publication date: October 17, 2013Applicant: SAUDI BASIC INDUSTRIES CORPORATIONInventors: Khalid Karim, Saleh A. Al-Sayari
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Patent number: 8557728Abstract: A catalyst unit is described in the form of a cylinder having a length C and diameter D, which has one or more holes extending therethrough, wherein said cylinder has domed ends of lengths A and B, such that (A+B+C)/D is in the range 0.50 to 2.00, and (A+B)/C is in the range 0.40 to 5.00. The catalyst or catalyst unit preferably has one or more flutes miming along its length. The catalyst may be used particularly in steam reforming reactors.Type: GrantFiled: August 24, 2009Date of Patent: October 15, 2013Assignee: Johnson Matthey PLCInventors: David James Birdsall, Mileta Babovic, Mikael Per Uno Carlsson, Samuel Arthur French, Michiel Nijemeisland, William Maurice Sengelow, Edmund Hugh Stitt
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Patent number: 8557729Abstract: A catalyst unit is described in the form of a cylinder having a length C and diameter D, which has two or more flutes running along its length, wherein said cylinder has domed ends of lengths A and B, such that (A+B+C)/D is in the range 0.50 to 2.00, and (A+B)/C is in the range 0.40 to 5.00. The catalyst may be used particularly in reactions where hydrogen is a reactant such as hydroprocessing, hydrogenation, water-gas shift reactions, methanation, hydrocarbon synthesis by the Fischer-Tropsch reaction, methanol synthesis and ammonia synthesis.Type: GrantFiled: August 24, 2009Date of Patent: October 15, 2013Assignee: Johnson Matthey PLCInventors: Daniel Lee Cairns, Mileta Babovic, Terence James Fitzpatrick, Elizabeth Margaret Holt, Colin William Park, William Maurice Sengelow, Edmund Hugh Stitt
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Patent number: 8558047Abstract: A process is provided for the production of hydrocarbons from synthesis gas wherein the synthesis gas is fed to a reactor in which a catalyst acts on the feed at a temperature of between 160° C. and 400° C. and a pressure of between 1 bar and 5 bar. The feed includes a compound containing one or both nitrogen and phosphorus added to the reactor with the synthesis gas. The compound containing nitrogen typically constitutes at least 1 vol % and preferably of the order of 4 to 20 vol % or more of the feed. The carbonaceous gas may be carbon monoxide with a ratio of hydrogen to carbon monoxide in the synthesis gas of from 0.5:1 to 5:1. The catalyst is preferably a supported cobalt catalyst and may be modified with a promoter. The process produces an enhanced proportion of olefins, in the hydrocarbons produced.Type: GrantFiled: April 15, 2009Date of Patent: October 15, 2013Assignee: University of Cape TownInventors: Michael Christian Maximillian Claeys, Eric Wilhelmus Josephus Van Steen, Frank Roessner, Andreas Karl Rausch
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Patent number: 8552074Abstract: The present invention provides a process for preparing methanol, dimethyl ether, and low carbon olefins from syngas, wherein the process comprises the step of contacting syngas with a catalyst under the conditions for converting the syngas into methanol, dimethyl ether, and low carbon olefins, characterized in that, the catalyst contains an amorphous alloy consisting of components M and X wherein the component X represents an element B and/or P, the component M represents two or more elements selected from Group IIIA, IVA, VA, IB, IIB, IVB, VB, VIB, VIIB, VIII and Lanthanide series of the Periodic Table of Elements. According to the present process, the syngas can be converted into methanol, dimethyl ether, and low carbon olefins in a high CO conversion, a high selectivity of the target product, and high carbon availability.Type: GrantFiled: December 15, 2009Date of Patent: October 8, 2013Assignees: China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation, Research Institute of Petroleum Processing, SINOPECInventors: Qiang Fu, Xiaoxin Zhang, Yibin Luo, Xuhong Mu, Baoning Zong
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Publication number: 20130253079Abstract: Disclosed are hybrid Fischer-Tropsch catalysts containing cobalt deposited on hybrid supports. The hybrid supports contain an acidic zeolite component and a silica-containing material. It has been found that the use of the hybrid Fischer-Tropsch catalysts in synthesis gas conversion reactions results in high C5+ productivity, high CO conversion rates and low olefin formation.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 5, 2012Publication date: September 26, 2013Applicant: CHEVRON U.S.A . INC.Inventors: Kandaswamy Jothimurugesan, Robert James Saxton
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Publication number: 20130253078Abstract: Disclosed are hybrid Fischer-Tropsch catalysts containing cobalt deposited on hybrid supports. The hybrid supports contain an acidic zeolite component and a silica-containing material. It has been found that the use of the hybrid Fischer-Tropsch catalysts in synthesis gas conversion reactions results in high C5+ productivity, high CO conversion rates and low olefin formation.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 23, 2012Publication date: September 26, 2013Applicant: Chevron U.S.A. Inc.Inventors: Kandaswamy Jothimurugesan, Robert James Saxton
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Patent number: 8536236Abstract: A method for the preparation of an eggshell catalyst is described comprising the steps of i) immersing shaped units of an oxidic support having a smallest unit dimension ?0.5 mm in a solution of cobalt ammine carbonate, ii) heating the solution to a temperature between 60 and 120° C. to precipitate cobalt compounds onto the surface of the shaped units, iii) separating the resulting supported cobalt compounds from the remaining solution, and iv) drying the supported cobalt compounds. The cobalt compounds may be reduced to provide catalysts suitable for the hydrogenation of unsaturated compounds or the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis of hydrocarbons.Type: GrantFiled: November 21, 2005Date of Patent: September 17, 2013Assignee: Johnson Matthey PLCInventors: Cornelis Martinus Lok, Sharon Bale
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Patent number: 8536234Abstract: A method and apparatus for the generation of synthetic motor fuels and additives to oil fuels, C1-C4 alcohols, hydrogen, methane, synthesized gas (H2+CO2) by hydrothermal treatment of carbonaceous compounds by providing a two-stage carbon gasification process operated under the supercritical conditions of H2O and CO2, including a first stage gasification reactor having a reaction zone for the conversion of carbonaceous compounds and a second stage reactor for the conversion of the products of the first stage reactor; feeding a aqueous suspension of carbonaceous compound in an amount of at least 30% by weight and an alkali metal or alkaline-earth metal catalyst or reactive OH-species from an electrolyzer through said first stage gasification reactor as a supercritical fluid at a volume velocity of 0.01-0.05 g of carbon per 1 cm3 per hour, at a carbon/catalyst mole ratio of between about 70/1 and 90/1, at a temperature of 390-450° C.Type: GrantFiled: October 4, 2010Date of Patent: September 17, 2013Assignee: Amerol Enterprises, LLCInventors: Valerii Kukhar, Valeriy Bortyshevskyy, Nataliia Khimach, Viktor Burdeynyy, Rayisa Korzh, Svitlana Melnykova, Dmytro Kamens'kyh
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Patent number: 8524788Abstract: An exemplary method for producing a catalyst is provided where the catalyst includes a catalyst support on which a metallic compound is loaded. An impurity content of the catalyst can be in a range of approximately 0.01 mass % to 0.15 mass %. In particular, the exemplary method can include pre-treating the catalyst support to lower an impurity concentration of the catalyst support, and loading the metallic compound on the catalyst support after the pretreatment procedure.Type: GrantFiled: April 12, 2012Date of Patent: September 3, 2013Assignees: Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation, Japan Oil, Gas and Metals National CorporationInventors: Kenichiro Fujimoto, Kimihito Suzuki, Shouli Sun
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Patent number: 8519011Abstract: Disclosed is a process for converting synthesis gas to liquid hydrocarbon mixtures useful in the production of fuels and petrochemicals. The synthesis gas is contacted with at least two layers of synthesis gas conversion catalyst wherein each synthesis gas conversion catalyst layer is followed by a layer of hydrocracking catalyst and hydroisomerization catalyst or separate layers of hydrocracking and hydroisomerization catalysts. The process can occur within a single reactor, at an essentially common reactor temperature and an essentially common reactor pressure. The process provides a high yield of naphtha range liquid hydrocarbons and a low yield of wax.Type: GrantFiled: August 11, 2011Date of Patent: August 27, 2013Assignee: Chevron U.S.A. Inc.Inventors: Robert J. Saxton, Charles L. Kibby, Kandaswamy Jothimurugesan, Tapan Das
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Patent number: 8519012Abstract: Disclosed is a process for storing solar energy in organic compounds. The process comprises providing a water source and a carbon source. Water present in the water source is activated using solar energy. Activated water is reacted with the carbon source to form an organic compound comprising hydrogen and carbon. The organic compound has higher energy content than the carbon source. In a specific embodiment the organic compound is used as a fuel in an electricity-generating device, such as a fuel cell. In this embodiment the preferred organic compound is methanol.Type: GrantFiled: February 20, 2012Date of Patent: August 27, 2013Assignee: Antecy B.V.Inventor: Paul O'Connor
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Publication number: 20130217792Abstract: A unique process and catalyst is described that operates efficiently at low pressures for the direct production of a high cetane diesel type fuel or diesel type blending stock from stoichiometric mixtures of hydrogen and carbon monoxide. This invention allows for, but is not limited to, the economical and efficient production high quality diesel type fuels from small or distributed fuel production plants that have an annual production capacity of less than 100 million gallons per year by eliminating traditional hydrocracking and other costly upgrading processes. This catalytic process is ideal for distributed diesel fuel production plants such as biomass to fuel production plants and stranded natural gas to diesel fuel production plants, and other applications that require optimized economics based on supporting distributed feedstock resources.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 8, 2013Publication date: August 22, 2013Inventors: Robert Schuetzle, Dennis Schuetzle, David DeVilliers
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Publication number: 20130217793Abstract: The disclosed invention relates to a process for converting a reactant composition comprising H2 and CO to a product comprising at least one aliphatic hydrocarbon having at least about 5 carbon atoms, the process comprising: flowing the reactant composition through a microchannel reactor in contact with a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst to convert the reactant composition to the product, the microchannel reactor comprising a plurality of process microchannels containing the catalyst; transferring heat from the process microchannels to a heat exchanger; and removing the product from the microchannel reactor; the process producing at least about 0.5 gram of aliphatic hydrocarbon having at least about 5 carbon atoms per gram of catalyst per hour; the selectivity to methane in the product being less than about 25%. The disclosed invention also relates to a supported catalyst comprising Co, and a microchannel reactor comprising at least one process microchannel and at least one adjacent heat exchange zone.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 16, 2012Publication date: August 22, 2013Inventors: Yong Wang, Anna Lee Tonkovich, Terry Mazanec, Francis P. Daly, Dave VanderWiel, Jianli Hu, Chunshe Cao, Charles Kibby, Xiaohong Li, Michael D. Briscoe, Nathan Gano, Ya-Huei Chin
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Patent number: 8513313Abstract: This invention relates to a hydrocarbon synthesis process. More particularly, but not exclusively, this invention relates to a Fischer Tropsch Process employing an activated catalyst and to the use of such an activated catalyst, wherein the Fischer Tropsch Process conditions favor the attainment of a low acid selectivity. More particularly the invention relates to a three-phase low temperature Fischer Tropsch (LTFT) process wherein a feed of H2 and CO are converted to hydrocarbons and possible oxygenates thereof by contacting the H2 and CO in the presence of an iron-based Fischer Tropsch catalyst in a reaction zone, wherein the molar ratio of H2:CO in the feed is from 0.5 and less than 1.Type: GrantFiled: August 5, 2008Date of Patent: August 20, 2013Assignee: Sasol Technology (Pty) LimitedInventors: Johannes Jacobus Huyser, Matthys Josephus Janse Van Vuuren
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Patent number: 8513312Abstract: This invention relates to a Fischer Tropsch process using a catalyst activated in accordance with the invention. More particularly the invention relates to a three phase Low Temperature Fischer Tropsch process wherein CO and H2 are converted to hydrocarbons and possibly oxygenates thereof by contacting syngas including CO and H2 in the presence of an iron based Fischer Tropsch catalyst, wherein the ratio of H2:CO in the feed is between 2.5 and 1, and wherein the iron based Fischer Tropsch catalyst is activated according to the steps of: (a) providing an iron catalyst including iron in a positive oxidation state; and (b) contacting the iron catalyst in a reactor with a reducing gas selected from CO and a combination of H2 and CO; at a temperature of at least 245° C. and below 280° C.; at a reducing gas pressure of above 0.5 MPa and not more than 2.2 MPa; and at a GHSV of total gas fed to the reactor of at least 6000 ml(N)/g cat/h, thereby reducing the iron that is in a positive oxidation step in the catalyst.Type: GrantFiled: August 5, 2008Date of Patent: August 20, 2013Assignee: Sasol Technology (PTY) LimitedInventors: Johannes Jacobus Huyser, Riaan Bekker, Matthys Josephus Janse Van Vuuren, Ryno Kotze
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Publication number: 20130210935Abstract: A method of operating a process for catalytically converting one or more reactants to one or more products using a fluid bed reactor containing a catalyst which deactivates over time includes, during a catalyst campaign, in a step A, gradually increasing an operating temperature of the reactor to counteract the negative effect of catalyst deactivation on a conversion rate of the one or more reactants. The operating temperature is not allowed to exceed a selected maximum operating temperature. Thereafter, in a step B, catalyst is added which has the tendency to increase the conversion rate of the one or more reactants into the reactor, and the operating temperature of the reactor is reduced to counteract to at least some extent the effect of the added catalyst on the conversion rate of the one or more reactants. The operating temperature remains above a selected minimum operating temperature during step B. Steps A and B are repeated until the end of the catalyst campaign or until the end of a production run.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 10, 2011Publication date: August 15, 2013Inventor: Herman Gerhardus Nel
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Publication number: 20130210941Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing olefins from synthesis gas, wherein the synthesis gas is contacted with a catalyst which contains cobalt, manganese and a third element selected from the group consisting of aluminium, gallium, indium, thallium, tin, lead and bismuth. Further, the invention relates to a process for preparing such catalyst, and to the catalyst so obtained.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 23, 2011Publication date: August 15, 2013Inventor: Michiel Johannes Franciscus Maria Verhaak
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Patent number: 8506910Abstract: A process and system for producing high octane fuel from carbon dioxide and water is disclosed. The feedstock for the production line is industrial carbon dioxide and water, which may be of lower quality. The end product can be high octane gasoline, high cetane diesel or other liquid hydrocarbon mixtures suitable for driving conventional combustion engines or hydrocarbons suitable for further industrial processing or commercial use. Products, such as dimethyl ether or methanol may also be withdrawn from the production line. The process is nearly emission free and reprocesses all hydrocarbons not suitable for liquid fuel to form high octane products. The heat generated by exothermic reactions in the process is fully utilized as is the heat produced in the reprocessing of hydrocarbons not suitable for liquid fuel.Type: GrantFiled: April 20, 2012Date of Patent: August 13, 2013Assignee: CRI EHFInventors: Shwetank Singh, Omar Freyr Sigurbjornsson, Kim-Chinh Tran
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Publication number: 20130199673Abstract: The invention is directed to a process to prepare metal nanoparticles or metal oxide nanoparticles by applying a cathodic potential as an alternating current (ac) voltage to a solid starting metal object which solid metal object is in contact with a liquid electrolyte comprising a stabilising cation. The invention is also directed to the use of the nanoparticles as a catalyst.Type: ApplicationFiled: July 14, 2011Publication date: August 8, 2013Applicants: STICHTING VOOR FUNDAMENTEEL ONDERZOEK DER MATERIE, UNIVERSITEIT LEIDENInventors: Alexei Yanson, Marcus Koper, Paramaconi Rodriguez, Nuria Garcia-Araez
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Patent number: 8497309Abstract: Herein disclosed is a method of reacting one or more components in a liquid medium to form an organic product that may include feeding a carbonaceous gas and a liquid medium to a high shear device; processing the gas and the liquid medium under shearing conditions in the high shear device, resulting in an emulsion comprising at least some of the carbonaceous gas dispersed in the liquid medium, wherein the dispersed carbonaceous gas comprises gas bubbles with a mean diameter of less than about 1 ?m; and reacting the emulsion to produce the organic product.Type: GrantFiled: June 13, 2012Date of Patent: July 30, 2013Assignee: H R D CorporationInventors: Aziz Hassan, Abbas Hassan, Rayford G. Anthony, Gregory Borsinger
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Publication number: 20130184360Abstract: A method of preparing a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst for handling, storage, transport and deployment, including the steps of impregnating a porous support material with a source of cobalt, calcining the impregnated support material activating the catalyst, and passivating the activated catalyst.Type: ApplicationFiled: July 15, 2011Publication date: July 18, 2013Applicant: GTL.F1 AGInventors: Sigrid Eri, Erling Rytter, Rune Myrstad
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Publication number: 20130184361Abstract: C5+ hydrocarbon synthesis by contracting a synthesis gas with a catalyst naming at least one metal from group VIII deposited on a support formed by at least one oxide, said catalyst being prepared using a process of at least: i) contracting at least the support with at least one solution containing at least one precursor of metal from group VIII; ii) contracting at least the support with at least one organic compound formed from at least one cyclic oligosaccharide composed of at least 6 ?-(1,4)-bonded glucopyranose subunits; iii) at least one calcining to obtain at least the metal from group VIII in the oxide form; i) and ii) being carried out separately, in any order, or simultaneously.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 24, 2011Publication date: July 18, 2013Applicant: IFP ENERGIES NOUVELLESInventors: Fabrice Diehl, Anne Griboval-Constant, Andrei Khodakov, Alan Jean-Marie, Eric Monflier
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Patent number: 8487011Abstract: Methods and compositions relate to a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst utilized to convert syngas into paraffins. The catalyst includes a given amount of sulfur content from contact of a catalytic supported metal with sulfur. Subsequent activation of the catalyst prepares the catalyst to be used for conversion of the syngas. The sulfur content maintained in the catalyst after being activated influences selectivity to paraffins over olefins and oxygenates.Type: GrantFiled: November 22, 2010Date of Patent: July 16, 2013Assignee: Phillips 66 CompanyInventors: Douglas E. Fjare, Joe D. Allison
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Publication number: 20130178545Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for the continuous production of hydrocarbons from synthesis gas in the presence of a catalyst comprising a synthesis step in which a synthesis gas is reacted in the presence of a catalyst in a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reactor (4), characterised in that, at the same time as the synthesis step, the following successive steps are carried out: a) charging a catalyst precursor comprising cobalt oxide in a reduction reactor (2); b) reducing the catalyst precursor charged in step a) by placing it in contact with a reduction gas comprising hydrogen (H2) and/or carbon monoxide (CO); and c) introducing the catalyst reduced in step b) into the synthesis reactor (4).Type: ApplicationFiled: December 13, 2012Publication date: July 11, 2013Applicant: IFP ENERGIES NOUVELLESInventor: IFP ENERGIES NOUVELLES
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Patent number: 8481601Abstract: The disclosure relates to a method of performing a synthesis gas conversion reaction in which synthesis gas contacts a catalyst system including a mixture of ruthenium loaded Fischer-Tropsch catalyst particles and at least one set of catalyst particles including an acidic component promoted with a noble metal, e.g., Pt or Pd. The reaction occurs at conditions resulting in a hydrocarbons product containing 1-15 weight % CH4, 1-15 weight % C2-C4, 70-95 weight % C5+, 0-5 weight % C21+ normal paraffins, and 0-10 weight % aromatic hydrocarbons.Type: GrantFiled: November 23, 2010Date of Patent: July 9, 2013Assignee: Chevron U.S.A. Inc.Inventors: Tapan Das, Kandaswamy Jothimurugesan, Charles L Kibby, Robert J. Saxton
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Patent number: 8476321Abstract: The present invention is directed to a catalyst suitable for catalyzing a Fischer-Tropsch reaction, said catalyst comprising cobalt metal supported on zinc-oxide and an amount of zirconium(IV)oxide and/or aluminum oxide of between 0.5 and 2.5 wt. % calculated as metal, based on the weight of the calcined catalyst.Type: GrantFiled: July 19, 2010Date of Patent: July 2, 2013Assignee: BASF CorporationInventor: Cornelis Roeland Baijense
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Publication number: 20130165537Abstract: The present invention pertains to a reactor tube comprising a fixed bed of Fischer-Tropsch catalyst particles, wherein the catalyst particles in 5% to 40% of the fixed bed volume at the upstream end have an average outer surface to volume ratio (S/V) of between 3.0 to 4.5 mm?1, and the catalyst particles in the remaining fixed bed volume have an average S/V of between 4.5 to 8.0 mm?1, and wherein the difference between the average S/V of the particles at the upstream end and the average S/V of the particles in the remaining fixed bed volume is at least 0.5 mm?1. The weight of catalytically active metal per volume unit in 5% to 33% of the fixed bed volume at the upstream end is 59% to 69% lower than the weight of catalytically active metal per volume unit in the remaining fixed bed volume.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 27, 2012Publication date: June 27, 2013Applicant: SHELL OIL COMPANYInventors: Robert Martijn VAN HARDEVELD, Thomas Joris REMANS, Erwin Roderick STOBBE
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Publication number: 20130158139Abstract: A method for continuous production of hydrocarbons from synthesis gas in the presence of a cobalt-based catalyst which comprises a step of providing synthesis gas from a source (1) of synthesis gas in a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reactor (4). The method also includes the following steps: a) conditioning of the catalyst in reduced state in a conditioning reactor (2) by contact with a flow of reducing gas from a synthesis gas source supplying the synthesis reactor, the reducing conditioning gas comprising carbon monoxide (CO) or a mixture comprising hydrogen (H2) and carbon monoxide (CO), the H2/CO molar ratio of which is between 0.1 and 0.9, at a temperature between 200 and 500° C., and a total pressure between 0.1 and 5 MPa and under a gas flow between 1 and 20 NI/h/g of catalyst to be treated, b) supply of reduced catalyst conditioned in step a) to the synthesis reactor (4).Type: ApplicationFiled: December 12, 2012Publication date: June 20, 2013Applicant: IFP ENERGIES NOUVELLESInventor: IFP ENERGIES NOUVELLES
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Publication number: 20130158138Abstract: Methods for preparing integral synthesis gas conversion catalyst extrudates including an oxide of a Fischer-Tropsch (FT) metal component and a zeolite component are disclosed. The oxide of the FT metal component is precipitated from a solution into crystallites having a particle size between about 2 nm and about 30 nm. The oxide of the FT metal component is combined with a zeolite powder and a binder material, and the combination is extruded to form integral catalyst extrudates. The oxide of the FT metal component in the resulting catalyst is in the form of reduced crystallites located outside the zeolite channels. No appreciable ion exchange of FT metal occurs within the zeolite channels. The acid site density of the integral catalyst extrudate is at least about 80% of the zeolite acid site density.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 15, 2011Publication date: June 20, 2013Applicant: CHEVRON U.S.A. Inc.Inventors: Kandaswamy Jothimurugesan, Robert J. Saxton, Howard S. Lacheen, Tapan Das
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Patent number: 8461219Abstract: Process for preparing olefins, which comprises the following steps: a) preparation of a synthesis gas comprising carbon monoxide and hydrogen, b) introduction of carbon dioxide recirculated from step d) into the synthesis gas during or after the preparation of synthesis gas as per step a), c) conversion of the synthesis gas having a hydrogen to carbon monoxide ratio of ?1.2:1 which is obtained in step b) into olefins in the presence of a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst, d) removal of the carbon dioxide comprised in the reaction product from step c), where the ratio of hydrogen to carbon monoxide in step c) is set via step b).Type: GrantFiled: November 19, 2010Date of Patent: June 11, 2013Assignee: BASF SEInventors: Jochen Steiner, Kerem Bay, Ekkehard Schwab, Alexander Weck
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Patent number: 8461220Abstract: A method is provided for converting synthesis gas to liquid hydrocarbon mixtures useful as distillate fuel and/or lube base oil containing no greater than about 25 wt % olefins and containing no greater than about 5 wt % C21+ normal paraffins. The synthesis gas is contacted with a synthesis gas conversion catalyst comprising a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis component and an acidic component in an upstream catalyst bed thereby producing a wax-free liquid containing a paraffin component and an olefin component. The olefin component is saturated by contacting the liquid with an olefin saturation catalyst in a downstream catalyst bed.Type: GrantFiled: June 10, 2010Date of Patent: June 11, 2013Assignee: Chevron U.S.A. Inc.Inventors: Charles L. Kibby, Robert J. Saxton, Kandaswamy Jothimurugesan, Tapan K. Das
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Patent number: 8455556Abstract: A process for the preparation of a packed bed comprising an iron enriched cobalt catalyst for use in a Fischer-Tropsch reaction, the process comprising the steps of: (a) providing a packed bed with one or more catalyst particles comprising metallic cobalt; (b) contacting a part of the catalyst particle(s) in the packed bed with an iron containing compound. The process is preferably conducted in situ which conveniently results in an iron containing cobalt catalyst with a higher C5+ selectivity. In certain preferred embodiments the concentration of iron increases towards the surface of the resulting catalyst particles whereas the cobalt concentration is constant which further increases the selectivity of the catalyst to producing C5+ hydrocarbons.Type: GrantFiled: July 12, 2007Date of Patent: June 4, 2013Assignee: Shell Oil CompanyInventors: Ralph Haswell, Carolus Matthias Anna Maria Mesters, Heiko Oosterbeek, Thomas Joris Remans, Marinus Johannes Reynhout
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Patent number: 8450381Abstract: The present invention includes a removable microchannel unit including an inlet orifice and an outlet orifice in fluid communication with a plurality of microchannels distributed throughout the removable microchannel unit, and a pressurized vessel adapted have the removable microchannel unit mounted thereto, the pressurized vessel adapted to contain a pressurized fluid exerting a positive gauge pressure upon at least a portion of the exterior of the removable microchannel unit. The invention also includes a microchannel unit assembly comprising a microchannel unit operation carried out within a pressurized vessel, where pressurized vessel includes a pressurized fluid exerting a positive gauge pressure upon an exterior of the microchannel unit operation, and where the microchannel unit operation includes an outlet orifice in fluid communication with an interior of the pressurized vessel.Type: GrantFiled: March 22, 2012Date of Patent: May 28, 2013Assignee: Velocys, Inc.Inventors: William Allen Rogers, Paul William Neagle, Michael Alan Marchiando, Christopher Paul Well, Robert Dwayne Litt, Ronald Chester Pasadyn, G. Bradley Smith, Charles Robert Miele, Thomas Peter Forte, Jimmy Glen Pelham
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Patent number: 8445550Abstract: Disclosed is a method of forming a hybrid Fischer-Tropsch catalyst extrudate for use in synthesis gas conversion reactions. The method includes extruding a mixture of ruthenium loaded metal oxide support particles, particles of an acidic component and a binder sol to form an extrudate. The resulting extrudate contains from about 0.1 to about 15 weight percent ruthenium based on the weight of the extrudate. In a synthesis gas conversion reaction, the extrudate is contacted with a synthesis gas having a H2 to CO molar ratio of 0.5 to 3.0 at a reaction temperature of 160° C. to 300° C., a total pressure of 3 to 35 atmospheres, and an hourly space velocity of 5 to 10,000 v/v/hour, resulting in hydrocarbon products containing 1-15 weight % CH4; 1-15 weight % C2-C4; 70-95 weight % C5+; 0-5 weight % C21+ normal paraffins; and 0-10 weight % aromatic hydrocarbons.Type: GrantFiled: November 23, 2010Date of Patent: May 21, 2013Assignee: Chevron U.S.A. Inc.Inventors: Kandaswamy Jothimurugesan, Tapan Das, Charles L. Kibby, Robert J. Saxton
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Publication number: 20130116351Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing a catalyst for carrying out methanation reactions. The production of the catalyst is based on contacting of a hydrotalcite-comprising starting material with a fusible metal salt. The compounds brought into contact with one another are intimately mixed, thermally treated so that the metal salt fraction melts and subsequently subjected to a low-temperature calcination step and a high-temperature calcination step. The metal salt melt comprises at least one metal selected from the group consisting of K, La, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu and Ce, preferably Ni. The metal salt melt more preferably comprises/contains nickel nitrate hexahydrate. The hydrotalcite-comprising starting material is preferably hydrotalcite or a hydrotalcite-like compound as starting material, and the hydrotalcite-comprising starting material preferably comprises magnesium and aluminum as metal species.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 7, 2012Publication date: May 9, 2013Inventors: Claudia QUERNER, Andrian Milanov, Stephan Schunk, Andreas Strasser, Guido Wasserschaff, Thomas Roussiere
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Publication number: 20130109768Abstract: Processes and systems are provided for converting synthesis gas containing a mixture of H2 and CO to liquid hydrocarbon products having a cloud point less than about 15° C. The systems utilize at least one Fischer-Tropsch reactor containing hybrid Fischer-Tropsch catalyst with cooling and separation of reactor effluent following each reactor. The low cloud point indicates that the amount of wax in the hydrocarbon products is minimized relative to conventional Fischer-Tropsch conversion. Accordingly, more economical systems can be built and operated because equipment associated with wax removal or wax treatment can be reduced or eliminated.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 31, 2011Publication date: May 2, 2013Applicant: Chevron U.S.A. Inc.Inventors: Robert J. Saxton, Gordon R. Deppe, Scott Oliver, David W. Parham, Kandaswamy Jothimurugesan, Charles L. Kibby, Tapan K. Das, Christine M. Philips, Richard Sasson, Anne Helgeson
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Publication number: 20130102693Abstract: A method of preparing a catalyst for conversion of syngas to Fischer-Tropsch hydrocarbon products comprising providing a reduced oxide Fischer-Tropsch catalyst and treating the reduced oxide catalyst with acetylene.Type: ApplicationFiled: July 1, 2011Publication date: April 25, 2013Applicant: CHEVRON U.S. INC.Inventors: Charles Leonard Kibby, Gabriella Furtenbach
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Patent number: 8399527Abstract: A Fischer-Tropsch process including the steps of providing a reactor having a substrate element with a surface and a plurality of elongated micro-structures of catalyst material attached to the substrate surface The catalyst material includes at least one of cobalt, iron, or ruthenium and the micro-structures have a width of less than about 1 um and a length at least five times the width. A carbon compound and hydrogen are injected into the reactor such that at least a portion of the carbon compound and hydrogen contact the catalyst material. The carbon compound and hydrogen are reacted with the catalyst at a temperature between about 80° F. and about 200° F.Type: GrantFiled: March 17, 2010Date of Patent: March 19, 2013Assignee: Louisiana Tech University Research Foundation; a division of Louisiana Tech University Foundation, Inc.Inventors: Joshua Brown, John McDonald, Chester Wilson
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Method for optimizing the operation of a unit for the synthesis of hydrocarbons from a synthesis gas
Patent number: 8399526Abstract: The invention concerns a method for optimizing the operation of a reaction section for hydrocarbon synthesis starting from a feed comprising synthesis gas, operated in the presence of a catalyst comprising cobalt. This method comprises the following steps: a) determining the theoretical molar ratio, PH2O:PH2, in the reaction section; b) optionally, adjusting the ratio PH2O:PH2 determined in step a) to a value strictly below 1; c) determining the new value for the theoretical ratio PH2O:PH2 in the reaction section; and repeating steps a) to c) until the ratio of the partial pressures of water and hydrogen, PH2O:PH2, has a value strictly less than 1.1.Type: GrantFiled: November 2, 2007Date of Patent: March 19, 2013Assignees: IFP Energies Nouvelles, ENI S.p.A.Inventors: Marie-Claire Marion, Francois Hugues -
Patent number: 8399715Abstract: The present invention provides methods and compositions for the chemical conversion of syngas to alcohols. The invention includes catalyst compositions, methods of making the catalyst compositions, and methods of using the catalyst compositions. Certain embodiments teach compositions for catalyzing the conversion of syngas into products comprising at least one C1-C4 alcohol, such as ethanol. These compositions generally include cobalt, molybdenum, and sulfur. Preferred catalyst compositions for converting syngas into alcohols include cobalt associated with sulfide in certain preferred stoichiometries as described and taught herein.Type: GrantFiled: March 2, 2011Date of Patent: March 19, 2013Assignee: Albemarle CorporationInventors: Karl Kharas, Jason P. Durand
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Patent number: 8394863Abstract: A carbonaceous feedstock to alcohol conversion process in which carbon dioxide is removed from the syngas stream issuing from a feedstock reformer, to yield a carbon dioxide depleted syngas stream including hydrogen, carbon monoxide and methane. This carbon dioxide depleted syngas stream is then passed through a Fischer-Tropsch reactor ultimately yielding a mixed alcohol product which is preferably largely ethanol. The removed carbon dioxide stream is passed through a methane reformer along with methane, which is produced in or has passed through a Fischer-Tropsch reactor, to yield primarily carbon monoxide and hydrogen. The carbon monoxide and hydrogen stream from the methane reformer are passed through the alcohol reactor. Also disclosed are a unique catalyst, a method for controlling the content of the syngas formed in the feedstock reformer, and a feedstock handling system.Type: GrantFiled: August 20, 2004Date of Patent: March 12, 2013Assignee: Pearson Technologies, Inc.Inventor: Stanley R. Pearson
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Patent number: 8394864Abstract: A process for preparing a cobalt based Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst precursor includes introducing a multi-functional carboxylic acid having the general formula (1) HOOC—C*R1C*R2—COOH (1) or a precursor thereof, where C* in each of C*Ri and C*R2 is a sp2 carbon, and R1 and R2 are the same or different, and are each selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and an organic group, into and/or onto a particulate catalyst support. The ratio of the quantity of multifunctional carboxylic acid used relative to the support surface area is at least 0.3 ?mol carboxylic acid/m2 of support surface area. Simultaneously with the introduction of the carboxylic acid into and/or onto the catalyst support, or subsequent thereto, a cobalt compound is introduced into and/or onto the catalyst support. The impregnated support is calcined to obtain the cobalt based Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst precursor.Type: GrantFiled: April 3, 2009Date of Patent: March 12, 2013Assignee: Sasol Technology (Proprietary) LimitedInventors: Jan Van De Loosdrecht, Michael Steven Datt, Jan Mattheus Botha
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Patent number: 8394861Abstract: Herein disclosed is a method of producing synthesis gas from carbonaceous material, the method comprising: (a) providing a mixture comprising carbonaceous material and a liquid medium; (b) subjecting the mixture to high shear under gasification conditions whereby a high shear-treated stream comprising synthesis gas is produced; and (c) separating a product comprising synthesis gas from the high shear-treated stream. Herein also disclosed is a method for producing a liquid product. The method comprises forming a dispersion comprising gas bubbles dispersed in a liquid phase in a high shear device, wherein the average gas bubble diameter is less than about 1.5 ?m; contacting the dispersion with a multifunctional catalyst to form the liquid product; and recovering the liquid product. In an embodiment, the liquid product is selected from the group consisting of C2+ hydrocarbons, C2+ oxygenates, and combinations thereof.Type: GrantFiled: July 27, 2010Date of Patent: March 12, 2013Assignee: HRD CorporationInventors: Abbas Hassan, Aziz Hassan, Rayford G. Anthony, Gregory G. Borsinger
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Patent number: 8394862Abstract: A unique process and catalyst is described that operates efficiently at low pressures for the direct production of a high cetane diesel type fuel or diesel type blending stock from stoichiometric mixtures of hydrogen and carbon monoxide. This invention allows for, but is not limited to, the economical and efficient production high quality diesel type fuels from small or distributed fuel production plants that have an annual production capacity of less than 100 million gallons per year by eliminating traditional hydrocracking and other costly upgrading processes. This catalytic process is ideal for distributed diesel fuel production plants such as biomass to fuel production plants and stranded natural gas to diesel fuel production plants, and other applications that require optimized economics based on supporting distributed feedstock resources.Type: GrantFiled: November 10, 2010Date of Patent: March 12, 2013Assignee: Pacific Renewable Fuels, Inc.Inventors: Robert Schuetzle, Dennis Schuetzle, David De Villiers
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Patent number: 8395009Abstract: The invention relates to a catalytic composition and to a process for selective methanization of carbon monoxide in hydrogen- and carbon dioxide-containing streams, wherein the active component used is ruthenium and the support material is a lanthanum-cerium-zirconium oxide, and to the use thereof in fuel cell systems.Type: GrantFiled: October 31, 2011Date of Patent: March 12, 2013Assignee: BASF SEInventors: Jochen Steiner, Markus Hoelzle, Heiko Urtel
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Patent number: 8383050Abstract: A method and a device for the parallel study of chemical reactions in at least two spatially separated reaction spaces is provided. A device for the parallel study of chemical reactions includes at least the following components: (a) at least two spatially separated reaction spaces; (b) on the reaction space input side, at least one common educt feed for the reaction spaces according to (a); (d) on the reaction space output side, at least one connection per reaction space to at least one holding gas feed common to all the reaction spaces, or subsets of them; (e) on the reaction space output side, and downstream of the connection to the holding gas feed according to (d) in the product flow direction, at least one restrictor per reaction space.Type: GrantFiled: September 28, 2010Date of Patent: February 26, 2013Assignee: HTE AGInventors: Alfred Haas, Wolfgang Strehlau, Armin Brenner, Oliver Koechel, Markus Friess, Torsten Zech
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Publication number: 20130045865Abstract: A catalyst composition contains an active metal on a support including a high surface area substrate and an interstitial compound, for example molybdenum carbide. Pt—Mo2C/Al2O3 catalysts are described. The catalyst systems and compositions are useful for carrying out reactions generally related to the water gas shift reaction (WGS) and to the Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis (FTS) process.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 31, 2012Publication date: February 21, 2013Applicant: THE REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGANInventors: Levi T. Thompson, Neil Schweitzer, Joshua Schaidle
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Publication number: 20130046032Abstract: Processes and systems for forming ethanol from methanol. The process involves carbonylating the methanol to form acetic acid and hydrogenating the acetic acid to form ethanol. In a first aspect, at least some hydrogen for the hydrogenating step is derived from a tail gas stream formed in the carbonylation step. In a second aspect, at least some carbon monoxide for the carbonylation step is derived from a vapor stream in the hydrogenation system. In a third aspect, a syngas stream is separated to form a hydrogen stream and a carbon monoxide stream, and the hydrogen stream is methanated to remove residual carbon monoxide prior to being introduced into the hydrogenation system.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 19, 2011Publication date: February 21, 2013Applicant: CELANESE INTERNATIONAL CORPORATIONInventors: Mark O. Scates, Ronald D. Shaver, G. Paull Torrence, James H. Zink
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Publication number: 20130045151Abstract: A method for providing 11C-labeled cyanides from 11C labeled oxides in a target gas stream retrieved from an irradiated high pressure gaseous target containing O2, wherein 11C labeled oxides are reduced with H2 in the presence of a nickel catalyst under a pressure and a temperature sufficient to form a product stream comprising at least about 95% 11CH4, the 11CH4 is then combined with an excess of NH3 in a carrier/reaction stream flowing at an accelerated velocity and the combined 11CH4 carrier/reaction stream is then contacted with a platinum (Pt) catalyst particulate supported on a substantially-chemically-nonreactive heat-stable support at a temperature of at least about 900° C., whereby a product stream comprising at least about 60% H11CN is provided in less than 10 minutes from retrieval of the 11C labeled oxide.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 13, 2012Publication date: February 21, 2013Applicant: Brookhaven Science Associates, LLCInventors: Dohyun Kim, David Alexoff, Sung Won Kim, Jacob Hooker, Richard A. Ferrieri