Abstract: 6-Aminocaproic acid is prepared by(a) reacting a 5-formylvaleric acid ester with water in the presence of an acid agent at 30.degree.-200.degree. C. and(b) reacting the 5-formylvaleric acid thus obtained with excess ammonia and hydrogen in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst and of a solvent which is inert under the reaction conditions at 50.degree.-150.degree. C. under superatmospheric pressure.

Abstract: Halogenated pyrimidine nucleoside derivatives with improved aqueous solubility and methods of enhancing the concentration of drugs in malignant tumors and promoting uniform distribution of the drug throughout the tumor. These basic and hydrophilic ester prodrugs are designed to undergo conversion to the active drug by an intramolecular chemical reaction at practical rates under physiological conditions.

Abstract: A method is provided for synthesizing oligonucleotides and peptides directly onto a membrane. The method provides a means for generating membrane affinity supports. A modified membrane for the method of direct synthesis is also provided.

Abstract: The invention is a process for the preparation of a N-hydrocarbylcarbonyl-5-(1-hydrocarbylcarbonyloxy)hydrocarbylpyrrolidin-2- one which comprises contacting in an inert nonpolar organic solvent a hydrocarbyloxycarbonylpyrrolidin-2-one with(a) an agent which forms a nitrogen-metal or nitrogen-metalloid bond;(b) a reducing agent;(c) an alkylating agent; and(d) an acylating agent;under conditions such that a N-hydrocarbylcarbonyl-5-(1-hydrocarbylcarbonyloxy)hydrocarbylpyrrolidin-2- one is prepared.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel dipeptide having the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R represents hydrogen atom or an amino-protecting group, Y represents hydrogen atom or hydroxy group which may optionally have protecting group, and X represents an acidic amino acid residue which may optionally have at least one protecting group; and pharmaceutical acceptable salt thereof. These dipeptides are useful as plant growth regulator.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for recovery of amino acids from aqueous mixtures. In particular, it relates to a treatment of said amino acid containing aqueous mixture prior to extraction of the amino acid with a water immiscible organic solution containing a water insoluble extractant for said amino acid. The overall process of the invention which includes the pretreatment and extraction, also includes optional methods of recovering said extracted amino acid from the water immiscible organic solution. Accordingly, the invention also relates to a process for recovery of the amino acid by stripping of the amino acid from the organic solution and precipitation of the amino acid.

Abstract: Amino acids can be purpified and/or concentrated by extracting aqueous mixtures such as fermentation broths by contacting an aqueous mixture containing amino acids with an organic solution containing a water insoluble extractant selected from the group consisting of:1. A quaternary ammonium ion having the formula: ##STR1## where R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are aliphatic, each having from 1 to 22 carbon atoms, and together have a minimum of 25 carbon atoms, and where at least three of the four R groups are at least a C.sub.4.2. A quaternary phosphonium ion having the formula: ##STR2## where R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are as defined above. 3. A tertiary sulfonium ion having the formula: ##STR3## where R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 each are aliphatic with from 1 to 22 carbon atoms, and together have a minimum of 24 carbons and where at least two of these groups are at least a C.sub.6.4. An organic boride ion having the formula: ##STR4## where R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.

Abstract: Amine-carboxyboranes (boron analogues of amino acids) which demonstrate sificant antitumor and antihyperlipidemic (cholesterol and /or triglyceride lowering) activities are disclosed.

Abstract: A method of forming a novel metal chelate protein conjugate is described. Also described are metal chelates and precursor compounds to the metal chelates. The novel metal chelate protein conjugates are particularly useful in the diagnostic imaging of tumors and in tumor therapy.

Abstract: Hydrolyzable substrates comprise blocked dye moieties which, when cleaved from the substrate during hydrolysis, provide fluorescent dyes having maximum absorptions above about 530 nm and maximum emissions at least about 580 nm at physiological pH. These substrates can be used in analytical determinations of hydrolytic substances including hydrolytic enzymes or biological cells containing such enzymes.

Abstract: A method for the manufacture of an aminocarboxylic acid salt which comprises subjecting to dehydrogenation an amino alcohol represented by the general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 denote hydrogen, --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OH, an alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms or an aminoalkyl group having 2 or 3 carbon atoms, which may be the same or different, in the presence of the hydroxide of at least one metal selected from the group consisting of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, water and a catalyst containing copper metals or a copper compound and a zirconium compound.

Abstract: A (fused) benz(thio)amide of the formula: ##STR1## wherein B represents(i) a carbocyclic ring of from 4 to 8 members being unreplaced or replaced one, two or three of optional carbon atom(s) by oxygen, nitrogen and/or sulphur atom(s) or(ii) a divalent group of the formula: ##STR2## R.sup.1 represents a group of formula: ##STR3## (iv) a straight or branched alkyl, alkenyl, or alkynyl of from 1 to 20 carbon atoms,R.sup.4 represents(i) when B represents a closed ring, a group of the formula: ##STR4## (ii) when B does not represent a ring, a group of formula: ##STR5## with the proviso that compounds of formula: ##STR6## wherein A' is a vinylene or an ethylene group optionally substituted by straight or branched alkyl groups of from 1 to 4 carbon atom(s);R.sup.4' is--(CH.sub.2).sub.n --COOR.sup.8andR.sup.1' is(i) a group of the formula: ##STR7## or (ii) a group of the formula: ##STR8## are excluded, wherein A, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.7, R.sup.8, U, n, m, p, q, R.sup.5', and R.sup.

Abstract: In an improved process for the preparation of 6-aminocaproates by reacting a 5-formylvalerate with ammonia and hydrogen using an alkanol as a solvent in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst at elevated temperatures and under superatmospheric pressure, the improvement comprises carrying out the reaction at from 40.degree. to 95.degree. C.

Abstract: Described are 3-halovinylglycines and their amino acid dipeptide and oligopeptide conjugates, a new class of efficient antibacterial agents, pharmaceutical compositions containing them as active ingredients, and methods of synthesis. The compounds are thought to interfere in bacterial cell wall synthesis.

Abstract: Salts of alkenylsuccinic acid monoamides of the formulae ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is C.sub.6 -C.sub.22 -alkenyl, preferably C.sub.9 -C.sub.18 -alkenyl, A is the protonized radical of an amidoamine of the formula II ##STR2## R.sup.2 is C.sub.5 -C.sub.22 -alkyl, preferably C.sub.10 -C.sub.18 -alkyl, C.sub.5 -.sub.22 -alkenyl or cycloalkyl, preferably C.sub.10 -C.sub.18 -alkenyl or cycloalkyl, R.sup.3 is a group of the formula ##STR3## R.sup.4 is either a group of the formula --COR.sup.2, R.sup.5 at the same time being hydrogen, or R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 at the same time have the same meaning as R.sup.3, Y is hydrogen or methyl, n is a number from 0 to 12 and x is a number from 1 to 3. These compounds are suitable as corrosion inhibitors in water-in-oil emulsions, in particular for petroleum and petroleum products.

Abstract: A new class of chemical reagents called release tags which comprise signal, release and reactivity groups is disclosed and a release tag involving a pentafluorobenzoyl signal group, a methionylamide release group, and an active ester reactivity group is used to analyze the hormone, thyroxine, in serum, involving quantitation of the released signal group by gas chromatography with electron capture detection.

Abstract: Water-soluble valproic acid salts, consisting of reaction products of valproic acid with at least one basic amino-acid, the latter being preferably selected from the group comprising arginine, lysine, histidine, ornithine and glycine.

Abstract: (Benzothiadiazine, benzamido and benzenesulfonyl)phenyl-substituted carboxyalkyl dipeptide compounds are disclosed. Compounds of this invention are useful as antihypertensive agents.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a spherical amino acid having an average particle size of about 1 mm or below and a process for the preparation thereof.

Abstract: A process for the total or partial elimination of aspartic acid and glutamic acid from a protein hydrolyzate or a mixture of aminoacids is described, which consists of passing the hydrolyzate or mixture of aminoacids in solution on an anion exchange resin and then washing with water or eluting the aminoacids from the resin. Aspartic acid and glutamic acid are at least partially separated from the other aminoacids because of their affinity for the resin which is greater than the affinity of the other aminoacids. The resulting mixtures of aminoacids may be used as such or may be further adjusted by addition of valine, leucine, isoleucine, and arginine to give products valuable in clinical nutrition.

Abstract: Amino acids can be purified and/or concentrated by extracting aqueous mixtures such as fermentation broths by contacting an aqueous mixture containing amino acids with an organic solution containing a water insoluble extractant.

Abstract: The racemization of optically active aminoacids (including their N-acyl derivatives) by heating with carboxylic acids takes place particularly readily with carboxylic acids of low volatility. Only catalytic quantities of acid are needed; it is advantageous to use equimolar quantities or an excess, which serves as a diluent. A reaction mixture from an enzymatic racemate resolution can be heated directly for the purpose of racemization, after separation of the L-aminoacid and the water.

Abstract: The use, as anticorrosion agents, of alkenylsuccinic acid half-amides of the formulae ##STR1## in which R denotes C.sub.6 -C.sub.12 -alkenyl and K denotes a proton or an ammonium ion of the formula NHR.sub.1 R.sub.2 R.sub.3 and R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are identical or different and denote hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 -alkyl, 2-hydroxyethyl or 2-hydroxypropyl.

Abstract: Amino-polyacetic acids such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, diethylene triaminepentaacetic acid and nitrilotriacetic acid are reacted with alkanols and then with hydrazine to form the hydrazides which may be converted to carboxyhydrazides, i.e. carbazic acids. The products perform well as chelants and sequestering agents.

Abstract: Carbonyl derivatives of acetaminophen are provided for use in homogeneous enzyme immunoassays for acetaminophen. The derivatives are conjugated to antigenic substances for the preparation of antisera specific to acetaminophen, and to enzymes for the preparation of enzyme conjugates which compete with acetaminophen for antibody binding sites in a typical assay.

Abstract: Geminal dinitro compounds are prepared by reacting an organic nitro compound having a replaceable hydrogen on the carbon to which the nitro group is attached with a source of nitrite ions in the presence of an oxidizing agent and a catalytic amount of an alkali metal ferricyanide.

Abstract: Substituted succinic acid amides, in particular substituted succinic acid amides containing differing derivative groups, are prepared by reacting unsaturated carboxamides with carbon monoxide and with a nucleophilic component containing at least one mobile hydrogen atom, in the presence of cobalt compounds and, if appropriate, in the presence of one or more tertiary nitrogen bases, under an elevated pressure and at an elevated temperature.

Abstract: Hydrocarbyl ammonium hydrocarbyl carboxylate internal salts and their metal-containing derivatives are made by reacting certain amines with certain organic acids to obtain the former and reacting that product with a metal oxide or salt to obtain the latter. These are used in lubricants and liquid fuel compositions for a variety of purposes, including reduced friction.

Abstract: Process for the production of an optically active 3-aminocarboxylic acid ester from a .beta.-keto acid ester. The .beta.-keto acid ester is converted with a chiral amine into the corresponding enamine. The enamine is converted by hydrogenation in the presence of a platinum catalyst into the corresponding N-substituted amino acid esters. Such ester mix is converted by means of HCl gas into the hydrochlorides. The latter are neutralized. Then by liberation and isolation from the neutralized products by hydrogenolysis in the presence of a palladium catalyst, the desired optically-active 3-aminocarboxylic acid ester is obtained.

Abstract: A process for preparing a 5-perfluoroalkyl-dihydrouracil derivative of the general formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.f represents a perfluoroalkyl group, each of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 represents a hydrogen atom, or an alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, aralkyl or heterocyclic group, and Y is an oxygen or sulfur atom, which comprises (a) reacting a compound of the general formula ##STR2## wherein X represents a halogen atom or hydroxyl group, with a urea derivative of the general formula ##STR3## provided that when X is a hydroxyl group and at least one of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 is a hydrogen atom, said reaction is carried out in the presence of a condensing agent, or (b) cyclizing a compound of the general formula ##STR4## and a novel intermediate compound of the above formula (IV).

Abstract: Monomethyl-substituted methylene compounds are obtained by reacting methylene compounds of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently of one another represent --CN, --CO--R.sup.3, --SO.sub.2 --R.sup.3 or --NO.sub.2 andR.sup.1 can additionally denote -aryl(R.sup.1).sub.n,whereinR.sup.3 denotes --OH, alkyl, aralkyl, aryl, alkoxy, aralkoxy or aryloxy, or amino which is substituted by alkyl and/or aralkyl and/or aryl, and furthermoretwo radicals R.sup.3 together can be an alkylene group, the radical of an aliphatic diol or of an aliphatic diamine or the group --NH--CO--NH-- and n represents 1, 2 or 3,with formaldehyde and with hydrogen in the presence of a condensation catalyst and a hydrogenation catalyst at elevated temperature, the methylene compound being introduced into the liquid phase of the mixture of reactants in the course of the reaction.

Abstract: A method for the extraction of certain amino acids from aqueous solutions by contacting said solutions with various dithiophosphinates in conjunction with a polar diluent is disclosed.

Abstract: A process for producing alkali metal aminobutyrate or alkali metal aminobutyrate-alkali metal bisulfide complex by contacting an aqueous alkali metal hydroxide with NMP and optionally alkali metal bisulfide in a stirred reactor under reaction conditions to produce a predominantly one-phase system and maintaining these reaction conditions while passing the one-phase system through a disrupted flow tube reactor to complete the reaction. Dehydrating the reaction product in a two-stage dehydration process using a higher temperature in the second stage.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the preparation of mixtures of sterically hindered substituted N-secondary amino acids or their alkali metal salts by a one-step reductive condensation of an amino acid or its alkali metal salt containing a primary amino group and a ketone to thereby form a mono-substituted amino acid or alkali metal salt thereof, followed by preparing the corresponding sterically hindered tertiary amino acids or alkali metal salt thereof by reacting the mono-substituted amino acids or alkali metal salt thereof with an unhindered aldehyde under reducing conditions in the presence of a hydrogenating catalyst. The novel mixtures of the sterically hindered mono-substituted amino acids and the tertiary amino acids and their alkali metal salts are useful promoters for alkaline salts in "hot pot" acid gas scrubbing processes.

Abstract: A two-part adhesive comprising an aqueous synthetic resin emulsion adhesive and a gelling agent comprising a combination of (a) a member selected from the group consisting of calcium pantothenate, glycine calcium salt, alanine calcium salt, serine calcium salt, threonine calcium salt, methionine calcium salt, phenylalanine calcium salt and calcium aspartate and (b) a member selected from the group consisting of an organic acid salt and an inorganic acid salt, which can bond without any temporary tacking or fixing means, and a method for bonding two substances together with said two-part adhesive.

Abstract: Disclosed are beta-amino acid derivatives which impart friction reducing properties to lubricating compositions. The additives of the invention are bifunctional carboxylic acid salts and amides derived from the basic hydrolysis of a cyanoethylated amine.

Abstract: A composition of matter comprising metal complexes of aminocarboxylic-carboxylic acids. The composition may be used as polyvinal halide stabilizers.

Abstract: A two-part adhesive comprising an aqueous emulsion adhesive and a gelling agent, which can bond without any temporary tacking or fixing means, and a method for bonding with said two-part adhesive.

Abstract: A pyruvic acid hydrazone derivative of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is an aryl radical optionally substituted by lower alkyl or is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical which can be substituted by a lower alkoxy, a cycloalkyl or an optionally substituted aryl radical,A is an alkylene radical containing 2 to 8 carbon atoms, with at least 2 carbon atoms between B and the nitrogen atom, andB is an oxygen or sulphur atom;or a physiologically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof which possesses hypoglycaemic activity.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the prparation of an acylated aminocarboxylic acid which comprises contacting an aminocarboxylic acid, its alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salt with a low alkyl carboxylic acid ester of the formulaR.sub.1 -CO-O-R.sub.2,wherein R.sub.1 represents hydrogen or a straight-chain or branched or cyclic hydrocarbon moiety of 1 to 30 carbon atoms, which can be substituted if desired, and wherein R.sub.2 represents a straight-chain, branched or cyclic hydrocarbon moiety of 1 to 8 carbon atoms in the presence of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal alcoholate.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein X is an imino acid or ester and R.sub.1 is hydrogen, ##STR2## are useful hypotensive agents due to their angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition activity.

Abstract: Alkali metal aminoalkanoate is prepared by contacting in the presence of an alkali metal carboxylate a reaction mixture in which there is at least one alkali metal hydroxide, at least one lactam, and water. Arylene sulfide polymer is prepared by contacting at polymerization conditions a reaction mixture that contains at least one alkali metal aminoalkanoate prepared as described above; at least one polyhalo-substituted aromatic compound; at least one organic amide as solvent and H.sub.2 S. In an embodiment of the polymerization the organic amide used as solvent can be the same as the lactam from which the alkali metal aminoalkanoate was produced.

Abstract: Anticorrosive agent stable to hard water, which comprises an alkali metal salt, alkaline earth metal salt, or amine salt of a compound of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 is branched C.sub.6 -C.sub.13 -alkyl or C.sub.5 - or C.sub.6 -cycloalkyl, or polycycloalkyl having from 6 to 13 carbon atoms optionally substituted by 1 or 2 C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl groups,R.sub.2 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl, andR.sub.3 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.11 -alkylene in linear or branched chain.

Abstract: Manufacture of 4-substituted oxazolinone-(5) compounds, which are intermediates for substituted aminoacids, by alkylation of 2-substituted or 3,4-disubstituted oxazolinone-(5) compounds in an aprotic solvent in the presence of a tertiary amine.

Abstract: The specification describes a nitrosourea derivative having the general formula: Cl--(CH.sub.2).sub.2 --N(NO)CO--NHR, wherein --NHR represents a 2-(1,3,4-thiadiazolyl)amino group, an amino residue of a neutral .alpha.-amino acid, or an amino residue of a neutral .alpha.-amino acid whose carboxyl group is amidated with 2-(1,3,4-thiadiazolyl)amine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salt thereof. The above nitrosourea derivative and its salt are useful as antitumor drugs. The above nitrosourea derivative may be prepared either by nitrosating a urea derivative of the general formula: Cl--(CH.sub.2).sub.2 NHCONHR or by reacting N-(2-chloroethyl)-N-nitrosocarbamic acid or a reactive derivative thereof with an amino compound of the general formula: R--NH.sub.2.

Abstract: This invention pertains to the production of higher homologues of aliphatic carboxylic acids by reaction of said acids with carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of one or more palladium-containing catalysts in combination with a Group VB tertiary donor ligand and in the presence of an iodide or bromide promoter.

Abstract: New homopolymerizable or copolymerizable 3,3-disubstituted furan dione compounds are described of the formula ##STR1## wherein X is a reactive moiety and Y and R are unreactive moieties.

Abstract: The invention relates to polyethers having an an average molecule weight of 3000 to 5000 and having a propylene oxide proportion of 60 to 80% and an ethylene oxide proportion of 20 to 40%. Also included in the invention are compositions containing said polyethers and methods for the use of said polyethers and compositions, particularly for their anti-lipidaemic effect.

Abstract: Phenol, catechol and orthobenzoquinone are converted to muconic acid mononitrile by reaction with a copper(II)-ammonia reagent. The copper(II)-ammonia reagents can be prepared by the reaction of cuprous chloride with oxygen or air in liquid ammonia or in ammonium hydroxide or in pyridine followed by addition of ammonia or ammonium hydroxide. Muconic acid mononitrile is hydrogenated to 6-aminocaproic acid, which can be cyclized to caprolactam.

Abstract: A chelate of technetium-99m, cobalt-57, gallium-67, gallium-68, indium-111 or indium-113m and substituted iminodiacetic acid or an 8-hydroxyquinoline useful as a radiopharmaceutical external imaging agent. The invention also includes preparative methods therefor.