Abstract: A process for preparing (+)-p-mentha-2,8-diene-1-ol comprising reacting (+)-limonene oxide with at least one amine in the presence of at least one Lewis acid to form amine adduct intermediates. The amine adduct is then oxidized to form an N-oxide that is pyrolized to form (+)-p-mentha-2,8-diene-1-ol.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing 3(4),8(9)-dihydroxymethyltricyclo[5.2.102.6]decane by hydrogenating the hyd roformylation products of d icyclopentad lene. The process comprises carrying out the hydrogenation in the presence of water, optionally after addition of water.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the preparation of a mixture of alcohols and ketones by the liquid phase oxidation of isoalkanes to alkyl hydroperoxides with simultaneous transfer of oxygen to alkanes (C8-C20) in presence of oxides alkaline earth metals like magnesium, calcium, barium and strontium and oxides of rare earth metals such as lanthanum, cerium, samarium, neodymium and europium, at a temperature ranging between 110°-160° C. and air pressure ranging between 10-1500 psig for a period of 0.5-20 h, cooling the reaction mixture to 5° C., separating the products by conventional methods such as distillation. The catalyst reused for several times without affecting its catalytic performance.

Abstract: An alkyl gycol ether having the following formula wherein R is a C1–C7 saturated, unsaturated, straight-chain or branched, acyclic or cyclic alkyl group, is useful as a fragrance material in perfumes, cosmetics, consumer products, and the like. When R is a saturated, straight-chain or branched, acyclic or cyclic alkyl group, these compounds are especially stable when used as fragrance materials in bleach containing products.

Abstract: A method is described for the preparation of a trimethylcyclohexyl-alkan-3-ol containing a proportion of trans isomer of Formula D where R=H, Me, Et, n-propyl, iso-propyl, n-butyl, iso-butyl or tert-butyl and R1=Me, Et, n-propyl, iso-propyl, n-butyl, iso-butyl or tert-butyl, or of a mixture of several such trimethylcyclohexyl-alkan-3-ols, wherein the method comprises catalytically hydrogenating corresponding compound(s) of Formula B in which R and R1 in each case have the indicated meanings, in the presence of a nickel catalyst, preferably of Raney nickel, and in an absence of catalytically active amounts of copper chromite.

Abstract: A method for liquid phase oxidation of a cycloalkane compound is provided by which the cycloalkane compound intended to be oxidized mixes with water to form an azeotropic mixture, and then an oxygen enriched gas is introduced to perform an oxidation reaction. This method is particularly suitable for liquid phase oxidation of cyclohexane by using an oxygen enriched gas or pure oxygen, which not only enhances conversion rate and selectivity of the cyclohexane oxidation process but also improves process safety in the use of an oxygen enriched gas or pure oxygen for cyclohexane oxidation.

Abstract: The novel compound, cyclohexanbutanol, 4-(hydroxymethyl)-alpha, alpha-dimethyl- having the structure: and the use of the compound in creating fragrances, and scents in items such as perfumes, colognes and personal care products is disclosed.

Abstract: A method of making a 3-alkylcycloalkanol of formula 2: where R1 represents a methyl or ethyl group, R2 represents hydrogen, R3 represents an ethyl, propyl, butyl, isobutyl or isoamyl group, R4 represents hydrogen and R5 represents hydrogen, or a methyl, ethyl, propyl, isobutyl or isoamyl group comprises the following steps: (1) carrying out an electrophilic substitution reaction of an alkyl group or precursor thereof, on an ortho-substituted alkylbenzene compound of formula 3: where R6 represents hydrogen, or a methyl or ethyl group; (2) hydrogenating the reaction product of step (1); (3) performing an elimination reaction on one or more reaction products of step (2) to produce one or more alkene products; and (4) hydrating the one or more alkene products of step (3) to provide a 3-alkylcycloalkanol of formula 2. The electrophilic substitution reaction of step (1) may be a Friedel-Crafts acylation, e.g. using an isopropyl ketone precursor, or a Friedel-Crafts alkylation, e.g. using an isobutyl group.

Abstract: An alkali metal alkoxide or alkaline earth metal alkoxide in granular form.

Abstract: The present invention relates to process wherein (+)-2-carene epoxide is coupled with a compound X-Y that contains nucleophilic and electrophilic moieties, to produce a compound of formula (5). The reaction mixture consists essentially of a source of (+)-2-carene epoxide, compound X-Y, optionally an inert solvent and optionally a pH buffer. No acid catalyst is used in the process.

Abstract: A process for producing l-isopulegol by simple operations with safety in high yield. A process for producing isopulegol, which comprises selectively cyclizing citronellal in the presence of a tris(2,6-diarylphenoxy)aluminum catalyst represented by the following general formula (3): wherein Al represents an aluminum atom, Ar1 and Ar2 each represent a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group or a heteroaryl group; and R1, R2 and R3 each represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atom(s), an alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atom(s), a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, a dialkylamino group having 1 to 4 carbon atom(s), or a nitro group.

Abstract: The present invention relates to substituted cyclohexenes, to their use as well as to their preparation method. These compounds have powerful long lasting natural fruity grapefruit notes with minty and fresh green tonalities.

Abstract: A method is described for the preparation of a trimethylcyclohexyl-alkan-3-ol containing a proportion of trans isomer of Formula D 1

Abstract: An alkyl gycol ether having the following formula 1

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel ether compounds, compositions comprising ether compounds, and methods useful for treating and preventing cardiovascular diseases, dyslipidemias, dysproteinemias, and glucose metabolism disorders comprising administering a composition comprising an ether compound. The compounds, compositions, and methods of the invention are also useful for treating and preventing Alzheimer's Disease, Syndrome X, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-related disorders, septicemia, thrombotic disorders, obesity, pancreatitis, hypertension, renal disease, cancer, inflammation, and impotence. In certain embodiments, the compounds, compositions, and methods of the invention are useful in combination therapy with other therapeutics, such as hypocholesterolemic and hypoglycemic agents.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a composition having the formula: in which a compound having the formula: is treated with a base and a silylating agent.

Abstract: Processes for producing branched compounds are described wherein a carbonyl compound is condensed in the presence of a catalyst selected from the group consisting of acids and bases, to form an &agr;,&bgr;-unsaturated condensation product; and the &agr;,&bgr;-unsaturated condensation product is hydrogenated.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided for the direct catalytic asymmetric aldol reaction of aldehydes with donor molecules selected from ketones and nitroalkyl compounds. The reactions employ as catalyst a Group 2A or Group 2B metal complex of a ligand of formula I, as defined further herein.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of 3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexanol by hydrogenation of isophorone in the presence of a ruthenium catalyst.

Abstract: Novel compounds having the structure (I) where R1 is a lower alkyl group, R2, R3, R4 and R5 is each independently hydrogen or a lower alkyl group, R6 is hydrogen, a lower alkyl group, an alkylidene group or a lower alkenyl group and R7 is hydrogen or a lower alkyl group, have desirable odor properties, possibly of a blackcurrant, green, buchu, cassis nature, and find use in perfumes and perfumed products.

Abstract: A reactant selected from the group consisting of alkanes, alkenes, and aromatics is reacted with a metal halide to form the halide of the reactant and reduced metal. The reduced metal is oxidized to form metal oxide. The metal oxide is reacted with the halide of the reactant to produce the alcohol and/or the ether corresponding to the reactant and the original metal halide which is recycled.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel method for carrying out reactions of carbonyl compounds with organometallic reagents, especially grignard reagents. The inventive method is characterised in that the organometallic reagent and the carbonyl compound are provided and tempered separately in a suitable solvent before being pumped into a tempered mini/micromixer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method comprising a multistep process for recovering betaine, erythritol, inositol, sucrose, mannitol, glycerol and amino acids from corresponding starting materials. The invention comprises the use of a weakly acid cation exchange resin in chromatographic column in the multistep process. The starting materials are especially beet molasses, betaine molasses, syrups, thick juices, raw juices, corn steep cane based solutions and glycerol.

Abstract: The present invention is a trimethylcyclohexane derivative represented by Formula (1): wherein A represents C═O or CH—OH, n represents 2, R1 represents hydrogen or a methyl group, R2 represents a straight or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, and a dotted line represents a saturated or unsaturated carbon-carbon bond, a melanin production inhibitor and a fragrance fixative comprising one or more of the trimethylcyclohexane derivatives, and a dermal formulation comprising one or more of the melanin production inhibitors and/or fragrance fixatives.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a compound having the formula: the process comprising treating a compound having the formula: with an alkyl metal species or with a Lewis acid in the presence of a tertiary amine base, wherein P2 is hydrogen or a hydroxyl protecting group.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of cis-2-tertiary-butylcyclohexanol, where 2-tertiary-butylphenol is hydrogenated in the presence of a nickel/iron catalyst mixture and 2-tertiary-butylcyclohexyl acetate.

Abstract: A process for producing 1,6-hexanediol by hydrogenation of adipic esters and/or 6-hydroxycaproic esters in the gas phase at elevated temperature and elevated pressure in the presence of chromium-free catalysts comprises hydrogenating a) over a catalyst comprising copper, manganese and aluminum as essential constituents or over Raney copper, b) at a temperature of from 150 to 230° C. and a pressure of from 10 to 70 bar, c) at a molar ratio of hydrogen to ester to be hydrogenated within the range from 150:1 to 300:1, and d) at a catalyst space velocity of from 0.01 to 0.3 kg of C6 ester per liter of catalyst per hour.

Abstract: A process for producing highly pure 3-1-menthoxypropane-1,2-diol safely and efficiently, and an intermediate to be used in the process. 3-1-menthoxypropane-1,2-diol represented by the chemical formula (IV) is produced by adding 1-menthol to a 1,2-epoxy-3-halogenopropane represented by the following general formula (I) (wherein X represents a halogen atom) in an organic solvent in the presence of a Lewis acid to produce a novel 1-halogeno-3-1-menthoxypropan-2-ol represented by the following general formula (II), then, epoxidating it with a base in the presence of a phase transfer catalyst to produce a 1,2-epoxy-3-1-menthoxypropane represented by the chemical formula (III), and further hydrolyzing it.

Abstract: Cyclohexanone, cyclohexanol and/or cyclohexyl hydroperoxide are prepared at a high productivity by allowing cyclohexane to be in contact with an oxygen-containing gas using a catalyst comprising a cyclic N-hydroxyimide and a transition metal compound in the presence of cyclohexanone and optional cyclohexanol.

Abstract: A lutein to zeaxanthin isomerization process which includes a saponification or alkali treatment of a plant extract containing lutein followed by a heating period under controlled conditions, is carried out in the presence of a surface active agent having an HLB of from 1 to 40 as a catalyst for the lutein to zeaxanthin isomerization reaction, at a temperature between 70 to 140° C., in order to obtain a reaction product with high zeaxanthin concentrations of up to 80% of the total carotenoids.

Abstract: Adamantanediols are produced by the hydroxylation of adamantane compounds in a water/organic solvent two-phase system in the presence of a ruthenium compound and a hypochlorite. Throughout the hydroxylation, the hypochlorite concentration in the water phase is regulated within a narrow limited range, for example, by monitoring the pH of the reaction system. With such a control of the hypochlorite concentration, the adamantanediols are produced in a high selectivity and a high yield.

Abstract: A method of producing tricyclodecane dicarbaldehyde and/or pentacyclopentadecane dicarbaldehyde by the hydroformylation of dicyclopentadiene and/or tricyclopentadiene. The tricyclodecane dicarbaldehyde and/or pentacyclopentadecane dicarbaldehyde in the hydroformylation product liquid are extracted with an extraction solvent comprising a polyhydric alcohol having 2 to 6 carbon atoms. With such extraction, the tricyclodecane dicarbaldehyde and/or pentacyclopentadecane dicarbaldehyde transfer into the extraction solvent while retaining the catalyst components in the hydroformylation solvent. The controlled extraction atmosphere with an oxygen concentration of 1000 ppm or lower prevents the rhodium compound from transferring into the extraction solvent, thereby avoiding the loss of expensive rhodium.

Abstract: A new process prepares retiferol derivatives of formula I: 1

Abstract: Epoxidized C6-C12 cyclohydrocarbon compounds, for example, epoxidized C6-C12 cycloalkanes, cycloalkenes and/or cycloalkadienes are converted to cycloalkanols, cycloalkanones and cycloalkanes by hydrogenating the epoxidized C6-C12 cyclohydrocarbon compounds with hydrogen under a pressure of 0.1 to 5.4 MPa at a temperature of 100 to 280° C. in the presence of a catalyst containing at least one platinum group metal, for example, Pd or Ru.

Abstract: The present invention provides an industrial scale process for obtaining lutein and zeaxanthin concentrates of high purity from saponified marigold extracts that may have high levels of chlorophyll.

Abstract: Perfumes and perfumed products comprising 3-alkylcycloalkan-1-ols of formula (I), wherein R1 represents hydrogen or a methyl, ethyl or propyl group; R2, R4 and R5 independently represent hydrogen or a methyl group; R3 represents a saturated hydrocarbon group with 4-8 carbon atoms, provided that the first carbon atom of this hydrocarbon group is not a tertiary carbon atom, and n represents the numbers 1, 2 and 3. The invention also concerns compounds of formula (I) wherein R1 represents a methyl, ethyl or propyl group and R2-R5 are as outlined above.

Abstract: There is described a process of transferring &agr;,&bgr;-unsaturated alkyl groups to an electrophile (aldehyde, ketone, nitrile, imine, alkyne) by means of a masked zinc alkyl in an aprotic solvent.

Abstract: A process for the reaction of an organic compound in the presence of a catalyst comprising, as active metal, ruthenium alone or together with at least one Group Ib, VIIb, or VIIIb metal in an amount of from 0.01 to 30 wt %, based on the total weight of the catalyst, applied to a support, wherein from 10 to 50% of the pore volume of the support comprises macropores having a pore diameter in the range of from 50 nm to 10,000 nm and from 50 to 90% of the pore volume of the support comprises mesopores having a pore diameter in the range of from 2 to 50 nm, the sum of said pore volumes being 100%, and said catalyst as such.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a 3-hydroxymethylcycloalkanol of the following formula (1), and a process for production of a 3-hydroxymethylcycloalkanol of the formula (1) by reduction of 3-formylcycloalkanone or 3-formylcycloalkenone. In accordance with the present invention, 3-hydroxymethylcycloalkanol, which is useful as the starting material for the production of polymers, can be produced with high conversion and high selectivity.

Abstract: A process for the reaction of an organic compound in the presence of a catalyst comprising, as active metal, ruthenium alone or together with at least one Group Ib, VIIb, or VIIIb metal in an amount of from 0.01 to 30 wt %, based on the total weight of the catalyst, applied to a support, wherein from 10 to 50% of the pore volume of the support comprises macropores having a pore diameter in the range of from 50 nm to 10,000 nm and from 50 to 90% of the pore volume of the support comprises mesopores having a pore diameter in the range of from 2 to 50 nm, the sum of said pore volumes being 100%, and said catalyst as such.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing optically active halomethyl phenyl carbinols of the formula (1), comprising reducing halomethyl phenyl ketones of the formula (2) using an asymmetric reducing agent obtained from boranes and optically active .alpha.-phenyl-substituted-.beta.-amino alcohols of the formula (3) or optically active .alpha.-non-substituted-.beta.-amino alcohols of the formula (4).The present invention further relates to a process for producing optically active carbinols, comprising reacting a prochiral ketone with, an asymmetric reducing agent obtained from optically active .beta.-amino alcohols of the formula (5), a metal boron hydride and Lewis acid or lower dialkyl sulfuric acid. All of the formulas (1) to (5) are the same as shown in the specification.

Abstract: The optically active compounds of formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl radical, or of formula ##STR2## are useful as perfuming ingredients for the preparation of perfuming compositions and perfumed articles to which they impart woody-amber notes.

Abstract: The compounds of formula ##STR1## in which R stands for a methyl or ethyl group, are used as perfume ingredients for the preparation of perfuming compositions and perfumed articles, to which they confer aromatic and thujonic notes. The compounds can be used in the form of a mixture of enantiomers or in an enantiomerically pure state. The invention also comprises original processes for the preparation of these compounds.

Abstract: 4-tert.-Butylcyclohexanol having a larger content of its cis-isomer is prepared by hydrogenating 4-tert.-butylphenol in a solvent in the presence of a rhodium catalyst and a compound selected from the group consisting of hydrogen chloride and (anhydrous) sulfuric acid. Furthermore, 4-tert.-butylcyclohexanol obtained by the above hydrogenation is acetylated to give 4-tert.-butylcyclohexyl acetate.

Abstract: A method of isomerizing lutein to yield a mixture of epimers of zeaxanthin includes the following steps: mixing a lutein-containing extract in a glycol solution to obtain a mixture, treating the mixture with alkali to obtain an alkali-containing mixture, reacting the alkali-containing mixture in the presence of heat for a duration consistent with achieving a desired level of isomerization of lutein to zeaxanthin.

Abstract: A process for hydrogenating aromatic compounds in which at least one hydroxyl group is bonded to an aromatic ring comprises bringing at least one of these compounds into contact with free hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst, wherein the catalyst comprises ruthenium and, if desired, at least one metal of transition groups I, VII and VIII in an amount of from 0.01 to 30% by weight, preferably from 0.2 to 15% by weight, based on the total weight of the catalyst, applied to a support, where the support has a mean pore diameter of at least 0.1 .mu.m, preferably at least 0.5 .mu.m, and a surface area of at most 15 m.sup.2 /g, preferably at most 10 m.sup.2 /g.

Abstract: A method for the preparation of D-chiro-inositol from kasugamycin, comprising the steps of: (a) reacting kasugamycin with an acetylating agent to form a crude hexa-acetate intermediate; (b) purifying the crude intermediate to form purified hexa-acetate intermediate; (c) deacetylating the purified intermediate to form D-chiro-inositol; and (d) isolating the D-chiro-inositol. The method permits efficient, large-scale preparation of D-chiro-inositol without the need for extensive chromatographic purification of the final D-chiro-inositol product.

Abstract: Antimicrobial diterpenes and methods of using them.

Abstract: Compounds of formula I: ##STR1## wherein the dotted carbon-carbon bond in the D-ring is C--C or C.dbd.C; C(R,R) is CH.sub.2 or C.dbd.CH.sub.2,R.sup.1 is H, F or OH,R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are each independently C.sub.1-4 -alkyl or CF.sub.3, or together with the carbon to which they are bound form C.sub.3-6 -cycloalkyl.are useful in the treatment of vitamin D dependent disorders, such as psoriasis, leukemia; acne and seborrhoic dermatitis; osteoporosis hyperparathyroidism accompanying renal failure; and multiple sclerosis.

Abstract: An optically active 3-[6(S)-2,2,6-trimethylcyclohexan-1-yl]propanol derivative represented by formula (I): wherein R1 represents a lower alkyl group, and a perfume containing the same as an active ingredient are disclosed.