Abstract: A blood glucose measurement device, a blood glucose calculation method, and a blood glucose calculation program capable of accurately measuring a blood glucose level by using light are provided. The blood glucose measurement device includes a light source 11 that outputs measurement light L1 to be input to a living body 50; a light detector 12 that detects the measurement light L1 propagated inside the living body 50 and generates a detection signal in accordance with an intensity of the measurement light L1; and a computation unit that obtains a time lag between a temporal change in a first parameter related to an oxygenated hemoglobin concentration and a temporal change in a second parameter related to a deoxygenated hemoglobin concentration based on the detection signal, and obtains the data related to the blood glucose level based on the time lag.

Abstract: A bio-information processing apparatus includes: an in vivo material measurer which measures an in vivo material of a user; and a processor which extracts a pattern of change of the in vivo material of the user based on a measurement result of the in vivo material, compares the extracted pattern of change of the in vivo material with a biological rhythm reference model, and determines whether biological rhythms of the user are disrupted based on a result of the comparison.

Abstract: A method includes processing near infrared spectroscopy (NIR) spectra and pure spectra, to obtain a preprocessed NIR spectra, wherein the preprocessed NIR spectra includes any one or any combination of a training data of a plurality of subjects, a calibration data of a test subject and a validation data of the test subject, extracting a dominant feature set from the preprocessed NIR spectra, wherein the dominant feature set includes at least one preprocessed NIR spectrum corresponding to each of the training data, the calibration data and the validation data, and determining a blood glucose concentration of the test subject, using the training data of the plurality of subjects and based on the extracted dominant feature set.

Abstract: A spectrometer includes a chamber, a vacuum generator configured to suck in internal air of the chamber to pull skin of a subject into the chamber, a light source configured to emit light to the skin of the subject pulled into the chamber, a photodetector configured to receive light passing through the skin of the subject and acquire a spectrum of the light; and a skin contact adjuster configured to determine a contact state between the chamber and the skin by analyzing the spectrum of the light and thereby generate a determination result, and adjust the contact state between the chamber and the skin by applying a physical force to a periphery of the skin pulled into the chamber according to the determination result.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for providing data processing and control for use in a medical communication system are provided.

Abstract: An analyte sensor includes a detector array having at least two detector elements, for example antennas or light emitting diodes, that transmit electromagnetic energy. Any one or more of the detector elements in the detector array can be selectively controlled to function as a transmit detector element that functions to transmit a generated transmit signal in a radio or microwave or visible light frequency range of the electromagnetic spectrum into a target containing an analyte of interest. In addition, any one or more of the detector elements in the detector array can be selectively controlled to function as a receive detector element that functions to detect a response resulting from transmission of the transmit signal by the transmit detector element into the target. A scan routine can be implemented that includes a plurality of scans, where each scan uses a different combination of the detector elements to transmit a signal and detect a response.

Abstract: Systems, devices, and methods for tracking one or more physiological metrics (e.g., heart rate, blood oxygen saturation, and the like) of a user are described. For example, one or more light sources and one or more light detectors may be positioned on a wearable device such that light can be emitted towards the user's skin and further such that light reflected back to the wearable device can be measured and used to generate values for the one or more physiological metrics.

Abstract: A method of non-invasively monitoring advanced glycation end-product (AGE) concentrations includes providing incident light to patient tissue at one or more excitation wavelengths and monitoring the one or more emission responses at one or more emission wavelengths. Based on the emission responses monitored, a ratio is calculated based on a ratio of the first emission response to the second emission response.

Abstract: An apparatus for estimating a glucose exposure may include: a spectrometer configured to measure a plurality of Raman spectra from an object; and a processor configured to extract depth-specific protein information from the plurality of Raman spectra and estimate the glucose exposure of the object based on the depth-specific protein information.

Abstract: Implantable sensors are described that can be utilized in conjunction with orthopedic implants for monitoring fracture healing and detecting local chemical concentrations to detect and monitor implant associated infection. The sensors can include strain gauges, electrochemical, or spectrochemical sensors that can be read transdermally using a single photodetector. Sensors can be affixed to implantable support devices so as to non-invasively monitor the effect of load on the implant to provide a quantitative assessment of when a fracture is sufficiently healed to allow safe weight-bearing upon the limb. Alternatively, sensors can monitor the local concentration of infection biomarkers, for instance to monitor the implant area for early stage infection.

Abstract: A multi-modal medicine delivery system in which some embodiments can be configured to control dispensation of medicine according to any of a plurality of delivery modes, such as by closed-loop delivery modes and open-loop delivery modes, and according to a secondary feedback loop to determine user-specific settings related to dosage delivery.

Abstract: A method and apparatus that for monitoring the physiological state of nutrition of an individual and adaptively analyze that data input to anticipate the individual's nutritional needs. A satiety meter may be employed to analyze a user's profile including nutritional state and determine when and how much a user should consume to prevent the onset of hunger and communicate is to a decision engine. The decision engine may generate and communicate a message to the user via the client device to prescribe prophylactic intake of nutrition to the individual prior to the onset of hunger based on the user's nutrition plan and/or regimen.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for non-invasively measuring blood glucose levels in a biological sample based on spectral data. This includes at least one light source configured to strike a target area of a sample, at least one light detector positioned to receive light from the at least one light source and to generate an output signal, having a time dependent current, which is indicative of the power of light detected, a processor configured to receive the output signal from the at least one light detector based on the received output signal, calculate the attenuance attributable to blood in a sample present in the target area with a ratio factor, eliminate effect of uncertainty caused by temperature dependent detector response of the at least one light detector, and then determine a blood glucose level associated with a sample present in the target area based on the calculated attenuance with the processor.

Abstract: In certain embodiments, the invention relates to an article having a liquid-impregnated surface. The surface includes a matrix of solid features (e.g., non-toxic and/or edible features) spaced sufficiently close to stably contain a liquid therebetween or therewithin, wherein the liquid is non-toxic and/or edible. The article may contain, for example, a food or other consumer product, such as ketchup, mustard, or mayonnaise.

Abstract: A physiological monitor gauge panel defines parameters to display on a physiological monitor via corresponding gauges. Gauge faces depict a range of parameter values for each of the parameters. An indicator designates a position on each gauge face corresponding to the current parameter value within the range of parameter values. The indicated position on each of the gauges is at the mid-point of each of the gauge faces when each of the parameters is at a nominal value.

Abstract: A method for noninvasive determination of glucose content in blood. The method includes optically irradiating a biomaterial alternately in any sequence with optical radiation of a first wavelength band of 950-970 nm, optical radiation of a second wavelength band of 1020-1060 nm, optical radiation of a third wavelength band of 930-950 nm, optical radiation of a fourth wavelength band of 740-760 nm and optical radiation of a fifth wavelength band of 830-850 nm, receiving Ron with a receiver the optical radiation diffusely reflected by the biomaterial, converting the received optical radiation into an electric signal and determining the glucose concentration in blood on the basis of the sum of the electric signals received at radiation treatment of the biomaterial with the optical radiation of the second, third and fourth bands which is reduced by values determined by the electric signal received at radiation treatment of the biomaterial with optical radiation of the first and fourth bands.

Abstract: An apparatus for estimating a biological substance in a user using a unit spectrum for the biological substance acquired using a biological tissue simulation solution is provided. The apparatus may include a spectrometer configured to emit a light to a skin of a user, detect the light returned from the skin, and measure a skin spectrum of the user from the detected light and a processor configured to estimate a biological substance in the user based on the measured skin spectrum and a unit spectrum acquired using a biological tissue simulation solution.

Abstract: The present invention provides a detecting apparatus based on image for detecting blood glucose concentration and method thereof. The detecting apparatus comprising a lighting device, an image capture device, a thermal imager and an operating device. The lighting device including a first wavelength of light source and a second wavelength of light source, configured to illuminate skin. The image capture device disposed above the lighting device, configured to capture a first image and a second image corresponding to the first wavelength of light source and the second wavelength of light source illuminated on the skin respectively. The thermal imager is configured to detect temperature of the skin. The operating device is connected to the lighting device, the image capture device and the thermal imager, configured to calculate blood glucose concentration according to the first image, the second image and the temperature.

Abstract: Systems, devices, and methods for detecting, measuring and classifying meals for an individual based on analyte measurements. These results and related information can be presented to the individual to show the individual which meals are causing the most severe analyte response. These results can be organized and categorized based on preselected criteria or previous meals and results so as to organize and present the results in a format with reference to glucose as the monitored analyte. Various embodiments disclosed herein relate to methods, systems, and software applications intended to engage an individual by providing direct and timely feedback regarding the individual's meal-related glycemic response.

Abstract: A system and method for controlling and monitoring a diabetes-management system through the use of a model that predicts or estimates future dynamic states of glucose and insulin from variables such as insulin delivery or exogenous glucose appearance as well as inherent physiological parameters. The model predictive estimator can be used as an insulin bolus advisor to give an apriori estimate of postprandial glucose for a given insulin delivery profile administered with a known meal to optimize insulin delivery; as a supervisor to monitor the operation of the diabetes-management system; and as a model predictive controller to optimize the automated delivery of insulin into a user's body to achieve a desired blood glucose profile or concentration. Open loop, closed-loop, and semi-closed loop embodiments of the invention utilize a mathematical metabolic model that includes a Minimal Model, a Pump Delivery to Plasma Insulin Model, and a Meal Appearance Rate Model.

Abstract: A catheter device to visually identify a blood vessel may include a cannula. The cannula may include a distal tip, an elongated tubular shaft, and an inner lumen formed by the elongated tubular shaft. The cannula may also include an optical fiber, which may be disposed within the inner lumen of the cannula. The optical fiber may include a distal end and a proximal end. The optical fiber may be configured to emit light from the distal end.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to systems and methods for measuring an analyte in a host. More particularly, the present invention relates to systems and methods for transcutaneous measurement of glucose in a host.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention are directed to a system for automated intra-oral delivery of therapeutic agents. A non-limiting example of the system includes a delivery vessel including a control unit and a reservoir. The system can also include a connector tube including a channel coupled to the delivery vessel. The system can also include a sensor coupled to connector tube.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method for determining a concentration of a component of an electrolyte in a lithium-ion or for a lithium-ion cell is provided. The method includes providing, to a spectrometer, instructions to capture a spectrum of a sample solution of the electrolyte and generate a signal. The method includes analyzing the signal to determine one or more spectral features of the spectrum. The method includes preparing a database of spectra corresponding to solutions having predetermined concentrations of the component of the electrolyte wherein the database includes a plurality for spectral features for each solution. The method further includes determining a machine learning (ML) model using the database of spectra. The method includes determining the concentration of the component of the electrolyte in the sample solution using the machine learning model.

Abstract: A non-invasive blood sugar measurement device using optical reflectometry is provided. According to an embodiment of the present invention, provided are a specific configuration and method, the configuration comprising: a light generation means for generating light to be emitted at the skin to be measured when OTDR and OFDR are used; an optical measurement means for measuring the intensity of light; an optical system for emitting the generated light at the skin to be measured and transmitting reflected light to the optical measurement means; an analysis means for analyzing collected reflected light on the basis of a change in the intensity of the reflective light with respect to time by using optical reflectometry; and a blood sugar calculation means for calculating, on the basis of the analysis result, a blood sugar level of the skin to be measured.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are embodiments of a continuous analyte sensor that can be used to measure glucose or lactate levels in a patient, along with other analytes. In some embodiments, the sensor can be located in the tissue or a blood vessel of a patient, and a probe can be located on the skin of the patient generally adjacent to the sensor. The probe can detect luminescent signals that originate from the sensor and that are dependent on analyte levels.

Abstract: Embodiments herein include implantable medical systems, devices and methods including chemical sensors. In an embodiment, an implantable medical device system includes a chemical sensor; a fluid state sensor such as a posture sensor; an activity sensor; and/or a respiration sensor. The implantable medical device system can further include normalization circuitry receiving data from the chemical sensor and the fluid state sensor and normalizing the chemical sensor data based on data from the fluid state sensor. In an embodiment, a method of operating an implantable medical device system is included. The method can include measuring the amount of a chemical analyte using a chemical sensor, measuring the fluid status in a patient using a fluid state sensor, and normalizing the measured amount of the chemical analyte as indicated by the chemical sensor using normalization circuitry based on data from the fluid state sensor. Other embodiments are also included herein.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an analyte sensing biointerface that comprises a sensing electrode incorporated within a non-conductive matrix comprising a plurality of passageways extending through the matrix to the sensing electrode. Also disclosed herein are methods of manufacturing a sensing biointerface and methods of detecting an analyte within tissue of a host using an analyte sensing biointerface.

Abstract: A method for detecting an analyte concentration of the present invention includes performing a competitive reaction between a first complex and an analyte standard or an analyte sample, so that the first complex may combine with a metal nanoparticle, and a second complex of a control group and a third complex of a sample group are respectively formed. Then, a difference of heat diffusivity of the second complex and the third complex may determine an analyte sample concentration of the sample group is higher or lower than a pre-determined analyte standard concentration of the control group.

Abstract: An integrated circuit includes circuitry to control a process. The process includes adjusting fuzzy-logic control parameters based on received and retrieved blood glucose-related data, predicting blood glucose levels based on the received blood-glucose-related data, and generating control signals to control dispensing of insulin based on the received blood glucose-related data and the fuzzy-logic control parameters. The process may include predicting blood glucose levels based on the retrieved blood glucose-related data. The process may include transitioning between a post-meal correction protocol and a fasting protocol. The process may include transitioning from a post-meal correction protocol to a fasting protocol when a fasting criteria is satisfied.

Abstract: A method for noninvasively measuring blood concentration of a substance, such as, for example, blood glucose levels, is described herein. The method may comprise measuring an initial absorption data using near infrared spectroscopy (NIR), and obtaining a second set of absorption data. The initial absorption data, along with the second set of absorption data, may then be adjusted by applying a convolution function and a Monte Carlo simulation to the raw data. In a step, an initial estimate of the level of the substance in the blood, such as, for example, initial blood glucose level, may be calculated based on the adjusted data and pulse oximetry information using a mixing model equation.

Abstract: Aspects of spectrometer secondary reference calibration are described. In one embodiment, a diagnostic measurement for evaluation of an aspect of calibration in spectroscopy is performed. A result of the diagnostic measurement is analyzed to determine a deviation from an expected result. Based on the analysis, a correction algorithm may be applied to the aspect of calibration, in view of the deviation. In some embodiments, a product model diagnostic measurement is also performed for further evaluation of the aspect of calibration. A result of the product model diagnostic measurement is analyzed to determine a product model deviation from an expected result of the product model diagnostic measurement, and a product model correction algorithm is applied, if necessary. According to aspects of the embodiments described herein, using secondary reference standards permits reconstruction of calibration parameters without any need for a master instrument or other forms of calibrated reference instrumentation.

Abstract: A method of processing raw measurement data from a tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS) tool or other spectroscopic instrument is provided that determines what types of noise (electronic or process flow) are present in the measurement. Based on that determination, the noise is reduced by performing a weighted averaging using weights selected according to the dominant type of noise present, or a general case is applied to determine weights where neither noise type is dominant. The method also involves performing continuous spectroscopy measurements with the tool, with the data and weighted averaging being constantly updated. Weighting coefficients may also be adjusted based on similarity or difference between time-adjacent traces.

Abstract: Systems and methods for processing sensor analyte data are disclosed, including initiating calibration, updating calibration, evaluating clinical acceptability of reference and sensor analyte data, and evaluating the quality of sensor calibration. The sensor can be calibrated using a calibration set of one or more matched sensor and reference analyte data pairs. Reference data resulting from benchtop testing an analyte sensor prior to its insertion can be used to provide initial calibration of the sensor data. Reference data from a short term continuous analyte sensor implanted in a user can be used to initially calibrate or update sensor data from a long term continuous analyte sensor.

Abstract: Systems and methods for processing sensor analyte data are disclosed, including initiating calibration, updating calibration, evaluating clinical acceptability of reference and sensor analyte data, and evaluating the quality of sensor calibration. The sensor can be calibrated using a calibration set of one or more matched sensor and reference analyte data pairs. Reference data resulting from benchtop testing an analyte sensor prior to its insertion can be used to provide initial calibration of the sensor data. Reference data from a short term continuous analyte sensor implanted in a user can be used to initially calibrate or update sensor data from a long term continuous analyte sensor.

Abstract: Systems and methods for processing sensor analyte data are disclosed, including initiating calibration, updating calibration, evaluating clinical acceptability of reference and sensor analyte data, and evaluating the quality of sensor calibration. The sensor can be calibrated using a calibration set of one or more matched sensor and reference analyte data pairs. Reference data resulting from benchtop testing an analyte sensor prior to its insertion can be used to provide initial calibration of the sensor data. Reference data from a short term continuous analyte sensor implanted in a user can be used to initially calibrate or update sensor data from a long term continuous analyte sensor.

Abstract: A system for monitoring glucose blood level of a user is disclosed. The system comprising an illumination unit configured for providing coherent optical illumination on a selected inspection region on the user body, a collection unit configured for collecting light returning from the inspection region and generating a plurality of image data pieces associated with speckle patterns in the collected light, and a control unit comprising a processing utility and storage utility comprising pre-stored calibration data, the processing utility is configured for receiving input data on a plurality of image data pieces from the collection unit and for processing said input data for determining correlation functions between different image data pieces and using said correlation functions and said pre-stored calibration data for determining data on glucose blood level of the user.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device and method for noninvasively determining the hematocrit value of a subject. The device comprises a light source (22, 23) for emitting light onto a skin area of the subject, said light comprising first light at a first wavelength in a first wavelength range between 500 and 1000 nm and second light at a second wavelength in a second wavelength range between 1000 and 2000 nm, a reflection detector (24) for detecting light reflected from said skin area of the subject in response to light illumination by said light source, a transmission detector (25) for detecting light transmitted through said skin area of the subject in response to light illumination by said light source, a processing unit (31) for deriving plethysmography, PPG, signals for said first and second wavelengths from the light detected by said reflection detector (24) and said transmission detector (25), and an analysis unit (32) for determining the hematocrit value of the subject from said PPG signals.

Abstract: In one embodiment of the invention, a crew member (172) using a computing device (174) communicates over a wireless link (15) with a film system communication module (176) placed nearby a filming tank (178). The computing device (174) can be a smartphone, tablet or computer. A crew member (180) and/or talent (182) wearing a remote transceiver (184) in the tank communicates over a wireless link (58) through the film system communication module. Additional crew members (186) can also connect to the film system communication module (176) and communicate to any person with a transceiver (184).

Abstract: An implantable unit includes fluorescent sensor molecules, each of which includes a binding site for an analyte, a donor fluorophore, and an acceptor fluorophore; and a first light source. An external system includes an external reading unit, which includes a light sensor; and a processor, which is configured to (i) during a first time period: (a) drive the first light source to generate light having a first illumination peak wavelength appropriate for excitation of the donor fluorophore, and (b) receive, from the light sensor, a first measurement of the fluorescent light emitted from the acceptor fluorophore, (ii) during a second time period: (a) drive a second light source to generate light having a second illumination peak wavelength appropriate for direct excitation of the acceptor fluorophore, and (b) receive, from the light sensor, a second measurement of the fluorescent light emitted from the acceptor fluorophore, and (iii) calculate the concentration of the analyte based on the measurements.

Abstract: Infusion systems, infusion devices, and related operating methods are provided. An exemplary method of operating an infusion device capable of delivering fluid to a user involves a control system associated with the infusion device obtaining a first measurement indicative of a physiological condition of the user from a first sensing arrangement, obtaining one or more measurements from a second sensing arrangement indicative of a second condition of the user. The control system classifies the second condition as corresponding to one of a plurality of intensity levels based at least in part on the one or more measurements, and thereafter operates the infusion device to deliver the fluid to the user based on the first measurement of the physiological condition in a manner that is influenced by the intensity level classification.

Abstract: Variations in a translucent medium are imaged by detecting deflections and/or polarization shifts in a probe beam transmitted through the translucent medium. Deflections and polarization shifts may be detected using a first polarizing filter positioned between a probe beam generator and the translucent medium to polarize the probe beam in a first direction, a beam splitter positioned to receive the probe beam after it has been transmitted through the medium, and a probe beam deflection detector that receives a first split beam and provides a deflection signal associated with refractive index variations in the medium. A second polarizing filter receives a second split beam and polarizes it in a second direction, perpendicular to the first direction. An intensity sensor receives the second split beam, after it has passed through the second polarizing filter, and provides an intensity signal associated with a polarization shift in the medium.

Abstract: A battery cell having an anode or cathode comprising an acidified metal oxide (“AMO”) material, preferably in monodisperse nanoparticulate form 20 nm or less in size, having a pH<7 when suspended in a 5 wt % aqueous solution and a Hammett function H0>12, at least on its surface.

Abstract: A method and system for detecting glucose in a biological sample is disclosed. This includes illuminating a biological sample with a light source, collecting transmitted, transflected or reflected light from the sample with a detector, generating spectral data of one or more components in the sample other than glucose in a spectral data analysis device, and analyzing the spectral data of the one or more components, sufficient to provide a glucose measurement from the spectral data of the one or more components other than glucose with the spectral data analysis device.

Abstract: An apparatus for detecting a physiological condition in a person, comprising input structure for receiving at least two physiological parameters, processing structure for determining, from the received physiological parameters, a result signal indicative of the presence or onset of said physiological condition, and output structure for generating an output indicative of the result signal. The apparatus further comprises storage structure for storing a look-up table comprising a plurality of entries, each entry corresponding to a pre-calculated probability of the presence or onset of said physiological condition, the pre-calculated probabilities being determined by way of a mathematical process from previously monitored physiological parameters; and the processing means is adapted to process the received at least two physiological parameters to identify one of the plurality of entries of the look-up table, and to determine said result signal from the identified entry of the look-up table.

Abstract: A portable sensor for measuring a hydration level of an object in close physical proximity with the sensor includes a portable housing having a total volume of less than about 50 cm3. First circuitry disposed in the housing includes a thermal source, a controller electrically coupled to the thermal source, a temperature sensing element, and a processor coupled to the temperature sensing element. When the object is in close physical proximity with the sensor, the thermal source is energized by the controller with a signal having a known function of time. The object affects a time variation of a temperature of the thermal source, the temperature sensing element senses the affected time variation of the temperature of the thermal source, and the processor determines a hydration level of the object based on a characteristic of the affected time variation of the temperature of the thermal source.

Abstract: Exemplary system, method and computer accessible medium are provided for determining at least one characteristic of a target object located behind or within a medium. For example, it is possible to identify a reference object that is located behind or within the medium. The target object and the reference object can be irradiated via a surface of the medium using at least one electromagnetic wave. At least one acoustic signal provided from an irradiated tissue volume that is responsive to the electromagnetic wave(s) can be measured. Calibration information can be obtained from the acoustic signal measured from the reference object based on at least one known property of the reference object. Then, the characteristic(s) of the target object can be determined based on the calibration information and the acoustic signal from the target object.

Abstract: The subject matter disclosed herein relates to systems, methods and/or devices for calibrating sensor data to be used in estimating a blood glucose concentration. A relationship between sensor measurements and reference readings may be used to estimate a relationship between sensor measurements and blood glucose concentration. Such sensor measurements may be weighted according to a decreasing function of uncertainty associated with sensor values.

Abstract: A method of treating a host with a medication, comprising assigning a unique identifier to a host treatment apparatus; assigning a unique identifier to the host; storing the unique host identifier and the unique host treatment apparatus identifier on at least one remote server of a network and associating the unique host identifier and the unique host treatment apparatus identifier on the at least one remote server such that the unique host identifier and the unique host treatment apparatus identifier are exclusively associated to each other; activating the host treatment apparatus; coupling the host medication delivery device to the host; operating the host medication delivery device to deliver the medication contained in the host medication delivery device to the host; and operating the host treatment apparatus such that the host treatment apparatus communicates wirelessly to the at least one remote server an operational status of the host medication delivery device.

Abstract: A process for calibrating a glucose sensor under sterile conditions includes providing separate, sterile, glucose-containing calibration fluids, each having a different glucose concentration, and in turn providing these fluids to a sensing zone containing a sensing probe of a glucose sensor. Each solution is typically, in turn, propelled into the sensing zone, thus flushing out used fluid already present in the sensing zone. The process provides rapid calibration of a glucose sensor in a sterile fashion and is therefore appropriate for point-of-use calibration.