Abstract: The present invention provides for devices and methods for providing endovascular therapy, including facilitating establishment of vascular access, placement of endovascular sheaths, catheter tip localization, and administration of vascular occlusion. The invention includes a vessel cannulation device, an expandable sheath, an occlusion catheter, and a localizer each of which may be provided separately or used as part of a system. One embodiment of the invention is a vessel cannulation device including: a housing having a distal end with a distal tip and a proximal end; a guidewire lumen passing through the housing and at least the distal tip; a sensor coupled to the guidewire lumen; and an advancing member, which is configured for advancing at least one of a guidewire or a sheath and which is operably coupled to the sensor.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes effector deployment systems and devices that can be coupled adjunctively to a shaft of a concentric cylinder system, to provide additional functionality during intravascular procedures.

Abstract: Methods of reducing air within a stent graft delivery device are disclosed, utilizing various flushing techniques. A port in a manifold that includes a pusher catheter coaxially disposed about a guide wire catheter is flushed. A portion in a sheath hub that excludes a longitudinally extended outer sheath coaxially disposed about the pusher catheter is flushed with a flushing fluid and/or a blood soluble gas, such as carbon dioxide. The guide wire catheter is also flushed.

Abstract: Methods and devices quickly and accurately locate the sphenopalatine ganglion (SPG) while performing a sphenopalatine ganglion block procedure that introduces a medication to the SPG. The methods and devices also prevent the medication applied to the SPG from flowing down a patient's throat during the procedure.

Abstract: An introducer sheath may include a tubular member comprising an inner layer and an outer layer coaxially disposed about a central longitudinal axis of the introducer sheath, the tubular member being configured to shift between an unexpanded configuration to an expanded configuration. The inner layer may be circumferentially discontinuous along at least a portion of its length. At least a first portion of the inner layer may be configured to move circumferentially relative to the outer layer when shifting between the unexpanded and expanded configurations.

Abstract: The invention provides a catheter and control box apparatus and related methods that are useful in delivering liquids, including liquids comprising nucleic acid molecules into cells. In particular, the invention provides a catheter that stabilizes fluid flow within a vein to deliver a volume, pressure charge of saline solution, exogenous compositions, and isolated vectors to kidney cells, using the renal vein as a guide and under hydrodynamic pressure. The catheter and control box apparatus and related methods described herein are useful to research, prognose, ameliorate symptoms of kidney injury, and treat kidney pathologies.

Abstract: A balloon assist device is disclosed which includes an inner body, a balloon joined to the inner body, and a positioner. The inner body includes an open-ended closed tube extending along an axis from a proximal end to a distal end. The balloon assist device also includes an inflation tube in sealed communication with the balloon. The positioner allows a clinician to slide the balloon assist device along the catheter. The positioner may also include the inflation tube.

Abstract: An exemplary catheter can be provided which can include, for example, a first inflation arrangement configured, in operation, to substantially seal and/or anchor the catheter inside the bladder when inflated, a second inflation arrangement configured, in operation, to substantially float in urine when inflated, wherein the second arrangement can be located at a predetermined distance from the first inflation arrangement, and an aperture provided between the first inflation arrangement and the second inflation arrangement, where the first and second arrangements can cause the aperture to be (i) open when the second inflation arrangement can be located at a first position relative to the first inflation arrangement, and (ii) closed when the second inflation arrangement can be located at a second position relative to the first inflation arrangement, and where the second position can be different than the first position.

Abstract: Object of the present invention is to provide a safe sol for submucosal local injection which gels and creates a mucosal elevation having a high retention rate of mucosal elevation height when locally injected into a digestive submucosa. Provided is a sol for submucosal local injection containing from 0.2 mass % to 1.2 mass % of a collagen, water, a buffer, and from 200 mM to 420 mM sodium chloride.

Abstract: A method of removing vascular blockage includes providing a catheter system, comprising an outer catheter, a bypass catheter, and a guidewire. In the catheter system, the bypass catheter is slidably disposed within the outer catheter. The method includes positioning a distal end of the catheter system at a proximal end of an occlusion located within a vessel and moving the bypass catheter through the occlusion so that a medicated treatment solution may be delivered through the bypass catheter to an area of the brain or other tissue served by the vessel blocked by the occlusion. Both during and after the delivery of medicated treatment solution to the blocked part of the vessel with the bypass catheter, the physician may engage the occlusion with the perforated segment of the outer catheter so that a thrombolytic agent can be delivered at the occlusion to disintegrate it and then removing at least a portion of the occlusion from the vessel.

Abstract: Active Energy Facilitated Drug Delivery platform for delivering therapeutics to biological tissue through electrical conductivity. This delivery method is comprised of an elastic alloy to encase a balloon or drug deposition, where the alloy acts to emit an electric field in aiding and actively allowing the pharmaceutical agent to have enhanced permeation, binding and internalization to cells and the biological matrix. A therapeutic agent is deposited onto a balloon to embody the drug deposition, reservoir whereby the electrical field facilitates the active transfer of a pharmaceutical agent to the target tissue is described.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a multipolar, detection/stimulation endovascular lead intended to be implanted in the coronary venous network. The lead comprises a lead body with in proximal portion a connector to a cardiac pacemaker/defibrillator generator, and in a distal portion a first branch and a second branch extending beyond a bifurcation. The distal ends of the branches are free ends carrying an array of electrodes connected to the connector. Each of the branches comprises at its free end an outlet in the distal direction, able to receive an implantation guide wire inserted therein and to guide the implantation guide wire in an axial direction parallel to the main axis of the lead body.

Abstract: A device and system for thermally affecting tissue that includes a balloon catheter with a reduced distal length for ease of navigation and that also includes a balloon that is more resistant to bursting and delamination. The balloon may include a proximal neck generally attached to an elongate body and a distal neck generally attached to a shaft disposed within the elongate body. The distal neck is turned inward to extend within the balloon chamber and the proximal neck may either extend within the chamber or extend proximally away from the balloon chamber. Alternatively, the device may include an inner balloon and an outer balloon, the distal necks of both being turned inward and extending within the inner balloon chamber. The proximal necks may both also be turned inward to extend within the chamber or the proximal neck of the outer balloon may extend away from the balloon chamber.

Abstract: A system for treating aortic dissection including an aortic dissection implant comprising an expandable anchoring structure and an elongate tubular structure. The expandable anchoring structure can be configured to apply radial force to the sinuses of the aortic root and/or the sinotubular junction when expanded. The elongate tubular structure can comprise an expandable support frame and one or more layers. The expandable support frame can be configured to extend from the descending aorta to the ascending aorta and curve along with a curvature of the aortic arch when expanded within the aorta. The one or more layers can comprise a first porous layer comprising an atraumatic outer surface positioned over the expandable support frame and a second non-porous layer positioned over a portion of the first porous layer. The second non-porous layer may be configured to be positioned on opposite sides of the aortic dissection and to be inflatable via blood flow to seal against the dissection.

Abstract: An endobronchial probe includes a deflector having a bore extending therethrough at an angle to its long axis for passage of a tool. The probe includes a location sensor and an ultrasound imager. A push-pull anchoring system comprises a plurality of guides and wires that can extend beyond the guides and retract within the guides. When extended the wires diverge from the long axis sufficiently to engage a bronchus. The probe includes a balloon disposed on the distal segment contralateral to bore that when inflated urges the mouth of the bore into contact with the bronchial wall.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a body, a shaft assembly, a deflection actuation assembly, and a dilation catheter. The shaft assembly includes a rigid proximal portion and a flexible distal portion. The deflection actuation assembly includes a rotary actuator and a first translatable actuation member at least partially disposed within the first rotary actuator. A second translatable actuation member extends through the shaft assembly and couples the first translatable actuation member with the flexible distal portion of the shaft assembly. The first rotary actuator is rotatable about a longitudinal axis to thereby drive the first and second translatable actuation members longitudinally. The flexible distal portion is configured to deflect away from the longitudinal axis in response to translation of the first and second translatable actuation members longitudinally. The dilation catheter is slidable relative to the shaft assembly and includes an expandable dilator.

Abstract: An intravascular sensor assembly including a flexible elongate member having a longitudinal axis (LA) is provided. The sensor assembly includes a first engagement feature proximal to a distal end of the flexible elongate member; a core member disposed inside a lumen of the flexible elongate member, the core member configured to translate within the flexible elongate member along the LA proximal to the first engagement feature; and a component holding a sensor circuit, the component fixedly secured to a distal end of the core member such that the mounting structure translates along the LA of the flexible elongate member with the core member. A system and a method for performing measurements using a sensor as above are also provided.

Abstract: A system includes a dilation catheter and a guide member. The dilation catheter includes a proximal end, a distal end, a dilator, a navigation sensor, and a force sensor. The dilator is positioned proximal to the distal end and is configured to transition between a non-dilated configuration and a dilated configuration. The navigation sensor is positioned distal to the dilator and is configured to cooperate with a guidance system and thereby provide signals indicating a position of the dilation catheter in three-dimensional space. The force sensor is positioned distal to the dilator and is configured to provide signals indicating a force encountered by the force sensor. The dilation catheter is configured to slide relative to the guide member. A distal portion of the guide member is sized and configured to fit in a nasal cavity of a patient.

Abstract: An innovative medical device that permits rapid, minimally invasive restoration of blood flow across a vascular blockage. A system allowing for lysis or removal of said blockage. Said device creates a temporary bypass using longitudinal structure configured for insertion into the blood vessel and adapted to deliver a side hole to a target area. The side hole defines a distal first segment and a proximal second segment with a lumen to allow blood flow therethrough to the distal end hole. In an alternate embodiment, a slidable outer sheath can cover the side hole to permit reversal of blood flow from the distal end hole to a proximal end hole located outside a patient's body by means of an aspiration controller. Alternate embodiments include an optional anchoring balloon, a macerating stent or wires, perforations for fluid delivery, and an backflow valve.

Abstract: Various implementations of a percutaneous transluminal angioplasty device include a catheter, a filter, and an expandable balloon. The filter is coupled adjacent a distal end of the catheter and is movable between an unexpanded and expanded configuration via a filter activation wire extending through a lumen of the catheter. An anti-stenotic therapeutic agent is disposed on an outer surface of the balloon, and the balloon is disposed on the catheter proximally of the filter. An axial movable sheath is positioned over the balloon and filter during deployment to a target site and is axially retracted away from the filter and balloon prior to treatment of a lesion. At the target site, the exposed filter is expanded via the filter activation wire. Then, the exposed balloon is inflated to dilate and deliver the therapeutic agent to the lesion.

Abstract: Described herein are methods and devices for delivering a drug to the frontal sinus system. An inflatable implant is positioned within the frontal sinus system using an anchoring means secured within the frontal sinus cavity. A drug-containing fluid is released directly into the frontal sinus drainage system.

Abstract: The invention relates to a medical device for delivering a therapeutic agent to a tissue. The medical device has a layer overlying the exterior surface of the medical device. The layer contains a therapeutic agent, an antioxidant, and an additive. In certain embodiments, the additive has a hydrophilic part and a drug affinity part, wherein the drug affinity part is at least one of a hydrophobic part, a part that has an affinity to the therapeutic agent by hydrogen bonding, and a part that has an affinity to the therapeutic agent by van der Waals interactions. In some embodiments, the additive is a liquid. In other embodiments, the additive is at least one of a surfactant and a chemical compound, and the chemical compound has one or more hydroxyl, amino, carbonyl, carboxyl, acid, amide or ester groups.

Abstract: A delivery system includes a catheter, and a drug coated angioplasty balloon mounted on the catheter. The balloon has a wrapped or folded delivery configuration and an expanded deployed configuration. A protective sleeve surrounds the drug coated balloon in the delivery configuration to minimise wash-off of drug from the balloon during delivery. The protective sleeve is retractable, so that once the drug coated balloon is at or near the treatment site, the sleeve can be retracted to allow the drug coated balloon to operate effectively. The protective sleeve can have a spacer mounted to or integral with the protective sleeve. The spacer in one case can comprise of interior ribs or ridges on the sleeve which minimise the surface area of the sleeve in direct contact with the drug coating on the balloon.

Abstract: A drug coating layer on a non-porous nylon elastomer balloon substrate surface comprising a plurality of elongated bodies with long axes wherein each elongated body is formed of a crystal of a water-insoluble drug and is independently formed on the substrate surface, wherein the long axes of the elongated bodies are substantially linear in shape, and the long axes of the elongated bodies form an angle in a predetermined range with respect to a substrate plane with which the long axis of the elongated body intersects. The drug coating layer can provide low toxicity and a high intravascular stenosis inhibitory effect.

Abstract: Described herein are methods and devices for selectively applying fluids (particularly anesthetics) to a target tissue from within a blood vessel while minimizing the amount of fluid applied to non-target tissue. The injection catheters described herein may include an elongate body, a directional injector, and one or more holdfasts for securing the catheter before extending the injector. The methods of selectively applying anesthetic to a target structure generally include the steps of inserting an injection catheter into a body vessel, positioning the injection catheter within the body vessel near the target structure, anchoring the injection catheter before extending a directional injector from the injection catheter, and applying anesthetic from the injection catheter to the target structure.

Abstract: Devices, systems, and methods are disclosed that help deliver catheters or other medical devices to locations within a patient's body. The device includes a transporter catheter having a proximal end and a distal end, at least a first balloon located at the distal end, substantially at a tip of the transporter catheter, and at least a second balloon located between the distal end and the proximal end of the transporter catheter. The first balloon is an orienting balloon and the second balloon is an anchor balloon. The transporter catheter may include a single lumen or more than one lumen. The transporter catheter may include a shaft comprising an inner layer and an outer layer, the inner layer may be made of a material more flexible than the material of the outer layer. The outer layer may also include a braided-wire assembly, said braided-wire assembly being formed by braiding a plurality of flat wires or circular wires. The braided-wire assembly may wrap around the inner layer.

Abstract: An arterial access device has an internal lumen and a proximal port, the arterial access device sized and shaped to be inserted directly into an arterial access site in the common carotid artery such that the lumen provides a passageway for an interventional device to be inserted via the proximal port into the carotid artery. The arterial access device has a distal portion that is configured to be inserted into an arterial pathway through the access site, and a proximal portion configured to extend outward from the access site when the distal portion is in the arterial pathway.

Abstract: Devices, systems, and methods are disclosed that help deliver catheters or other medical devices to locations within a patient's body. The device comprises a transporter catheter having a proximal end and a distal end, at least a first balloon located at the distal end, substantially at a tip of the transporter catheter, and at least a second balloon located between the distal end and the proximal end of the transporter catheter. The first balloon is an orienting balloon and the second balloon is an anchor balloon. The transporter catheter may include a single lumen or more than one lumen. The transporter catheter may include a shaft comprising an inner layer and an outer layer, the inner layer may be made of a material more flexible than the material of the outer layer. The outer layer may also comprise a braided-wire assembly, said braided-wire assembly being formed by braiding a plurality of flat wires or circular wires. The braided-wire assembly may wrap around the inner layer.

Abstract: Devices, systems, and methods are disclosed that help deliver catheters or other medical devices to locations within a patient's body. The device comprises a transporter catheter having a proximal end and a distal end, at least a first balloon located at the distal end, substantially at a tip of the transporter catheter, and at least a second balloon located between the distal end and the proximal end of the transporter catheter. The first balloon is an orienting balloon and the second balloon is an anchor balloon. The transporter catheter may include a single lumen or more than one lumen. The transporter catheter may include a shaft comprising an inner layer and an outer layer, the inner layer may be made of a material more flexible than the material of the outer layer. The outer layer may also comprise a braided-wire assembly, said braided-wire assembly being formed by braiding a plurality of flat wires or circular wires. The braided-wire assembly may wrap around the inner layer.

Abstract: Devices, systems, and methods are disclosed that help deliver catheters or other medical devices to locations within a patient's body. The device comprises a transporter catheter having a proximal end and a distal end, at least a first balloon located at the distal end, substantially at a tip of the transporter catheter, and at least a second balloon located between the distal end and the proximal end of the transporter catheter. The first balloon is an orienting balloon and the second balloon is an anchor balloon. The transporter catheter may include a single lumen or more than one lumen. The transporter catheter may include a shaft comprising an inner layer and an outer layer, the inner layer may be made of a material more flexible than the material of the outer layer. The outer layer may also comprise a braided-wire assembly, said braided-wire assembly being formed by braiding a plurality of flat wires or circular wires. The braided-wire assembly may wrap around the inner layer.

Abstract: A method may include accessing a terminal branch of an ophthalmic artery through a face of a subject. Additionally, the method may include positioning a device within the ophthalmic artery of the subject and treating at least one of a blockage, a stenosis, a lesion, plaque or other physiology in at least one of the ophthalmic artery or a junction between an internal carotid artery and the ophthalmic artery.

Abstract: A medical prosthesis includes a tube having a length between a first end and a second end. The tube includes a polymer and at least one drug. The tube is configured to be manipulated to selectively increase and decrease the length of the tube. Kits, systems and methods are disclosed.

Abstract: There are disclosed various dispensing mechanisms for dispensing filamentary material through a catheter into a treatment site of a patient, for example into an aneurysm sack in a patient's vessel. In one embodiment, the dispensing assembly includes a chamber having a spherical carrier onto which filamentary material is wound. Upon injecting driving fluid into the dispensing assembly filamentary material unwinds from the spherical carrier and is pulled through the catheter to be dispensed from the distal end of the catheter. The apparatus includes a pressure sensitive valve disposed at the inlet or the outlet of the receptacle, the pressure sensitive valve being closed when the pressure of driving fluid is below a threshold and open when the pressure of driving fluid is above the threshold. The pressure sensitive valve, when open, allows fluid flow through the chamber and dispensation of filamentary material from the outlet.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to KIM-1 polypeptide as a plasma acute and chronic kidney injury and renal cell carcinoma biomarker, and methods and kits comprising the use of agents specific to KIM-1 for facilitating and enhancing the diagnosis of kidney injury or carcinoma. The present invention is based on the discovery that measuring KIM-1 levels in the blood is more accurate and reliable than measuring KIM-1 levels in the urine for the diagnosis of subjects with proximal kidney tubule injury or kidney cancer. The invention is directed to methods for diagnosis of acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease (CKD), and renal cell cancer by determining and monitoring the levels of KIM-1 polypeptide in a blood sample, such as plasma or serum sample.

Abstract: In some examples, a device includes a catheter and a sheath. The catheter includes a catheter body and an expandable balloon positioned on the catheter body. The sheath includes a sheath body including a wall defining a lumen configured to receive the expandable balloon, the wall defining a channel extending longitudinally at least partially between a proximal end of the sheath body and a distal end of the sheath body, and a sheath insert configured to close the channel. The sheath insert includes a septum configured to be removably received within the channel, and a flange extending from the septum and configured to retain the septum within the channel when the septum is received within the channel.

Abstract: Devices, systems, and methods for improving airflow within an airway. One example embodiment includes a method for treating a subject. The method includes (1) placing an expandable object into one or more airways of the bronchial tree of the subject, (2) expanding the expandable object within at least one of the one or more airways such that at least a portion of a wall of the one or more airways is expanded, and (3) placing a stent in the airway such that a portion of the stent is adjacent to the portion of the wall of the one or more expanded airways.

Abstract: A system for reaming a medullary canal of a bone, comprises a reamer device including an elongated member and a reamer head rotatably coupled to a distal end of the elongated member and a drive shaft sized and shaped to be inserted through the elongated member so that a first connector at a distal end of the drive shaft is engagable with the reamer head, rotation of the drive shaft rotates the reamer head relative to the elongated member, the drive shaft including a channel extending longitudinally therethrough and a hole extending laterally therethrough from a first opening through a first side wall of the drive shaft to a second opening through a second side wall of the drive shaft in combination with a seal configured to be inserted through the hole of the drive shaft so that the seal extends across the channel of the drive shaft.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a device and a method for treating at least one of hypertension, pulmonary arteries, diabetes, obesity, heart failure, end-stage renal disease, digestive disease, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, urological disease, cancers, tumors, pain, asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by delivering an effective amount of a formulation to a tissue. In embodiments of the present invention, the formulation may include at least one of a gas, a vapor, a liquid, a solution, an emulsion, or a suspensions of one or more ingredients. In embodiments of the present invention, amounts of the formulation and/or energy are effective to injure or damage tissue, nerves, and nerve endings in order to relieve disease symptoms.

Abstract: Embodiments of an expandable sheath can be used in conjunction with a catheter assembly to introduce a prosthetic device, such as a heart valve, into a patient. Such embodiments can minimize trauma to the vessel by allowing for temporary expansion of a portion of the introducer sheath to accommodate the delivery apparatus, followed by a return to the original diameter once the prosthetic device passes through. Some embodiments can include a sheath with inner and outer layers, where a folded portion of the inner layer extends through a slit in the outer layer and a portion of the outer layer overlaps the folded portion of the inner layer. Some embodiments include an elastic outer cover positioned outside the outer layer. Embodiments of the present expandable sheath can avoid the need for multiple insertions for the dilation of the vessel, thus offering advantages over prior art introducer sheaths.

Abstract: Embodiments of an expandable sheath can be used in conjunction with a catheter assembly to introduce a prosthetic device, such as a heart valve, into a patient. Such embodiments can minimize trauma to the vessel by allowing for temporary expansion of a portion of the introducer sheath to accommodate the delivery apparatus, followed by a return to the original diameter once the prosthetic device passes through. Some embodiments can include a sheath with inner and outer layers, where a folded portion of the inner layer extends through a slit in the outer layer and a portion of the outer layer overlaps the folded portion of the inner layer. Some embodiments include an elastic outer cover positioned outside the outer layer. Embodiments of the present expandable sheath can avoid the need for multiple insertions for the dilation of the vessel, thus offering advantages over prior art introducer sheaths.

Abstract: A suction catheter system is described with a suction extension interfaced with a guide catheter to form a continuous suction lumen extending through a portion of the guide catheter and through the suction extension. The suction extension can be positioned by tracking the suction nozzle through a vessel while moving a proximal portion of the suction extension within the lumen of the guide catheter. The suction extension can comprise a connecting section with a non-circular cross section for interfacing with the inner lumen of an engagement section of the guide catheter. The tubular body of the guide catheter can have a reduced diameter distal section the can be useful to restrain the movement of the suction extension.

Abstract: The disclosure provides macrolide particulates including a macrolide therapeutic agent such as rapamycin at high concentration in the particulate. In one method the particulates are made by adding a composition containing an polyoxyethylene sorbitan n-acyl ester, poly(ethyleneimine), or alkylated quaternary ammonium salt to a composition including macrolide dissolved in an alcohol such as ethanol. In another method the particulates are made by adding a non-solvent composition to a composition including macrolide and an alkyl-substituted chromanol dissolved in an alcohol such as ethanol. The formed macrolide particulates have one or more desirable properties including sizes in the range of 0.1 ?m to 10 ?m, spherical or near spherical shapes, low polydispersity, and/or stability. The macrolide particulates can be used for therapeutic compositions, or in association with an implantable or insertable medical device, such as associated with a polymeric coating on a device.

Abstract: An improved intravascular blood pump and related methods involving the broad inventive concept of equipping the intravascular blood pump with guiding features such that the intravascular blood pump can be selectively positioned at a predetermined location within the circulatory system of a patient.

Abstract: Described herein are methods and devices for selectively applying fluids (particularly anesthetics) to a target tissue from within a blood vessel while minimizing the amount of fluid applied to non-target tissue. The injection catheters described herein may include an elongate body, a directional injector, and one or more holdfasts for securing the catheter before extending the injector. The methods of selectively applying anesthetic to a target structure generally include the steps of inserting an injection catheter into a body vessel, positioning the injection catheter within the body vessel near the target structure, anchoring the injection catheter before extending a directional injector from the injection catheter, and applying anesthetic from the injection catheter to the target structure.

Abstract: A system for treating a patient comprises a delivery device and injectate. The delivery device comprises an elongate shaft with a distal portion and at least one delivery element positioned on the elongate shaft distal portion. The delivery device is constructed and arranged to deliver the injectate through the at least one delivery element and into tissue to create a therapeutic restriction in the gastrointestinal tract. Methods of creating a therapeutic restriction are also provided.

Abstract: A medical system may include an elongate member having a proximal end and a distal end, the elongate member being movable between a collapsed configuration and an expanded configuration, and a first therapeutic agent configured to treat a condition of the lung.

Abstract: Methods and devices are disclosed that enable safe, rapid and relatively short and straight access to the cerebral arteries for the introduction of interventional devices to treat acute ischemic stroke. In addition, the disclosed methods and devices provide means to securely close the access site to the cerebral arteries to avoid the potentially devastating consequences of a transcervical hematoma.

Abstract: A method, device, or system for treating eye disorders or conditions, comprising restoring or increasing blood flow or blood flow rate in an artery that supplies blood to or in the eye, thereby increasing the amount of nutrient(s) that reaches the eye or a portion thereof. The invention also includes methods, devices, or systems for treating eye disorders or conditions which use reverse flow or retrograde flow structures and systems during the treatment of the eye disease.

Abstract: A positioning information processing method and apparatus, where the method includes obtaining, by a terminal device, location information of at least two to-be-positioned targets, selecting, by the terminal device, a first to-be-positioned target from the at least two to-be-positioned targets according to the location information of all the to-be-positioned targets, displaying, by the terminal device, location information of the first to-be-positioned target, and indicating an orientation and a quantity of other to-be-positioned targets, different from the first to-be-positioned target, in the at least two to-be-positioned targets according to the location information of all the to-be-positioned targets.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for treating an obstructed biological conduit that include administering to the conduit an agent that can degrade extracellular matrix of obstructing tissue. Particular methods include delivery of an enzyme or a mixture of several enzymes to the area or region of obstruction wherein the enzyme(s) have the capability to degrade extracellular matrix components within the obstruction thereby restoring the normal flow of transported fluid through the conduit. The invention also includes prophylactically dilating a section of conduit to minimize the risk of obstruction formation.