Abstract: Disclosed is a base station which transmits and retransmits to a terminal first and second downlink data in first and second component carriers, respectively, wherein a first configuration pattern of UL (uplink) and DL (downlink) subframes is set for the first component carrier and a second configuration pattern of UL and DL subframes is set for the second component carrier. The base station receives from the terminal in the first component carrier an ACK/NACK for the first and second downlink data received by the terminal, which stores retransmission data of the first and second downlink data in a soft buffer, wherein the soft buffer for the second downlink data is sized according to a maximum number of downlink HARQ retransmission processes executable in a reference configuration pattern of UL and DL subframes, and the reference configuration pattern is determined according to the first and second configuration patterns.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided contention based uplink data transmission. In one novel aspect, the contention-based uplink data channel is used to transmit the data directly to the network. In one embodiment, the UE selects an UL data channel from a set of preconfigured uplink contention based data channels and sends the UL data transmission on the selected UL data channel. In one embodiment, the contention based UL data has a narrow bandwidth with a long CP such that the TA is not needed from the base station. In another embodiment, a small signaling payload is included in the CB UL data transmission if the size of the data contents cannot be fit in the UL data channel. In one embodiment, the signaling payload is the BSR. The UE, subsequently, receives an UL grant and sends the remaining data contents using the allocated data channel in the UL grant.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for operating supplementary cells in licensed exempt (LE) spectrum. An aggregating cell operating in a frequency division duplex (FDD) licensed spectrum is aggregated with a LE supplementary cell operating in a time sharing mode for uplink (UL) and downlink (DL) operations. The LE supplementary cell may be an FDD supplementary cell dynamically configurable between an UL only mode, a DL only mode, and a shared mode, to match requested UL and DL traffic ratios. The LE supplementary cell may be a time division duplex (TDD) supplementary cell. The TDD supplementary cell may be dynamically configurable between multiple TDD configurations. A coexistence capability for coordinating operations between the LE supplementary cell with other systems operating in the same channel is provided. Coexistence gaps are provided to measure primary/secondary user usage and permit other systems operating in the LE supplementary cell channel to access the channel.

Abstract: A master camera device and a plurality of slave camera devices are directly connected through a network, and form one network segment. The master camera device performs multicast communication with each slave camera device, and acquires information representing a transmission condition from each slave camera device. In a case where a worsening transmission condition relative to a predetermined threshold is detected from a transmission condition of each slave camera device and a transmission condition of the master camera device, the master camera device performs multicast communication with each slave camera device, and controls an encoding level representing a degree of encoding process, sequentially from an encoder having a lower priority, including the encoder of the master camera device, to improve the transmission condition. Thus, by an efficient communication, the transmission condition is improved from an initial stage having an unstable transmission condition, to obtain a preferable real-time image.

Abstract: Disclosed is a first electronic device and the first electronic device includes: a transmitter transmitting data to a second electronic device; a receiver receiving a feed-back (hereinafter, referred to as a first feed-back) for the transmitted data from the second electronic device; and a processor deciding whether to transmit the data again or another data to the second electronic device, based on the first feed-back, in which when the first feed-back is negative, the transmitter retransmits the data under a predetermined condition, and when a feed-back (hereinafter, referred to as a second feed-back) received from the second electronic device is negative with respect to the data retransmitted under the predetermined condition, the transmitter re-retransmits at least a part of the data to the second electronic device.

Abstract: A method for preventing a first network node from missing a transmission from a second network node. The method includes, when a ten millisecond periodicity is used for Multicast/Broadcast Single Frequency Network (MBSFN) subframes, setting a time between an uplink grant from the second network node to the first network node and an acknowledgement/negative-acknowledgement message (ACK/NACK) from the second network node to the first network node equal to ten milliseconds. The method further includes, when a forty millisecond periodicity is used for MBSFN subframes, the second network node sending the first network node an asynchronous grant for an uplink retransmission when a data packet is missed, and when the first network node receives the grant for the uplink retransmission, the first network node retransmitting the missed data packet.

Abstract: A method, an apparatus, and a computer program product for wireless communication are provided. In an aspect, the apparatus may configure at least a first resource set and a second resource set for a control channel. The first and second resource sets may be configured with a common reference signal configuration. The apparatus also configures first rate-matching parameters for the first resource set and second rate-matching parameters for the second resource set. Then, the apparatus transmits the first rate-matching parameters and the second rate-matching parameters and transmits the control channel using the first resource set and the second resource set.

Abstract: A wireless communication apparatus includes a plurality of antennas, and a controller configured to cause a multicast frame including distribution data and a return request to be transmitted from the antennas, and the multicast frame to be re-transmitted when the antennas receive one or more return frames as a response to the multicast frame and an intensity of the return frames meets a predetermined condition.

Abstract: A wireless device, a base station, a random access method and a preamble configuration method are provided. The mobile communication system defines a plurality of preambles, a plurality of low priority preamble sets, and a high priority preamble set. The low priority preamble sets have a strict partial order relationship therebetween. The high priority preamble set and the highest-order low priority preamble set are independent from each other. When requiring random access from a base station, the wireless device randomly selects a preamble from the low priority preamble sets to transmit a random access request message to the base station by using the selected preamble. When the request for random access fails, the wireless device with low priority randomly reselects a preamble from the higher-order low priority preamble set, and the wireless device with high priority randomly reselects a preamble from the high priority preamble set.

Abstract: One example of the present invention relates to a method for transmitting, by a terminal, an uplink signal in a wireless communication system, the method comprising the steps of: receiving a TA command in subframe n; and transmitting the uplink signal by applying the TA command in subframe n+6, wherein if the terminal transmits a scheduling assignment (SA) in subframe n+b (1<b<6), the SA comprises a TA value, the TA value being the TA value applied to the subframe n+b.

Abstract: Provided are a transmitting apparatus, a receiving apparatus and methods of transmitting and receiving a data frame. The transmitting apparatus includes: a frame generator configured to cluster a predetermined number of frames to generate a frame cluster, at least one of the frames being generated by mapping data contained in an input stream to at least one signal processing path; an information inserter configured to insert signaling information into a signaling area of the at least one frame; and a transmitter configured to transmit the frame with the signaling information inserted therein, wherein the signaling information comprises profile information and duration information about the frame included in the frame cluster.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communication are described. A wireless device may receive a data transmission during a transmission time interval (TTI) that has one duration, and the device may transmit a responsive control message (e.g., acknowledgment information) in a subsequent TTI that has a different duration (e.g., a greater duration). In some cases, the control message may include bundled acknowledgment information for multiple downlink transmissions. The control message may, for instance, include acknowledgment information for data received during several TTIs having one duration bundled with acknowledgment information for data received during TTIs that have a different duration. The acknowledgment information may be compressed using, for example, a starting point and run length of consecutive negative acknowledgments.

Abstract: A mobile communication system and a communication method are provided in which, a base station apparatus can efficiently allocate, to a mobile station apparatus, an uplink resource for transmitting information indicating an ACK/NACK for downlink data. The mobile station apparatus that communicates with the base station apparatus, comprising: a scheduling unit configured to determine two physical uplink control channel resources for a transmission using a physical downlink shared channel in a case that a downlink transmission mode that supports the transmission of up to two downlink transport blocks using the physical downlink shared channel is configured for the secondary cell, and a physical downlink control channel that indicates the transmission using the physical downlink shared channel on the secondary cell is detected on the secondary cell.

Abstract: In data transmissions, a processing method for hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) is applied to a transmitter transmitting a first semi-persistent scheduling (SPS) data packet to a receiver. The receiver receives the first SPS data packet and transmits feedback to the transmitter. The transmitter which receives the feedback message can determine that a transmission of a repeat SPS data packet is required when the feedback message is a negative acknowledgement, and a repeat SPS data packet together with a HARQ ID corresponding to the repeat SPS data packet is transmitted to the receiver. If the receiver can match the repeat SPS data packet with the first SPS data packet according to the HARQ ID, a combination of the first SPS data packet and the repeat SPS data packet can be decoded.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments described a transmission scheme for use in a bi-directional Free Space Optical (FSO) communication system. Each node locally stores a transmitted data block until and acknowledgement is received that it was properly decoded. In the event that a decode was unsuccessful, the data is retransmitted. The receiving node may then add the received signals to then attempt a decode on a combined signal. The system may also include dynamic controls such that the retransmitted signal may be optimized to improve the probability of a successful decode.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for providing efficient downlink Hybrid Automatic Request (HARQ) feedback. In some embodiments, a method of operation of a wireless device in a cellular communications system comprises receiving downlink control information from a radio access node in a first subframe T. The downlink control information comprises an indication of a HARQ timing offset K. The method further comprises transmitting downlink HARQ feedback to the radio access node in a subframe T+K. In this manner, HARQ feedback can be directly scheduled by the network, which in turn enables efficient HARQ feedback.

Abstract: The present disclosure proposes a VoIP data transmission method, comprising: when a VoIP communication request corresponding to any terminal is received, determining whether currently adopted uplink and downlink configuration information supports the terminal in performing TTI bundling operation according to preset bundling configuration parameters when it is determined that the terminal is required to perform the TTI bundling operation on generated VoIP data package; and when not supporting, sending the preset bundling configuration parameters and new uplink and downlink configuration information to the terminal, wherein the new uplink and downlink configuration information supports the terminal in performing the TTI bundling operation according to the preset bundling configuration parameters.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus for transmitting a broadcast signal, an apparatus for receiving a broadcast signal, and a method for transmitting/receiving a broadcast signal using an apparatus for transmitting/receiving broadcast signal. A method for transmitting a broadcast signal according to the present invention comprises the steps of: generating a first PLP which includes an IP stream having at least one service component; signaling IP-PLP mapping information for linking the IP stream and the PLP in binary form and generating a second PLP which includes the signaled binary information; performing FEC-encoding and bit-interleaving on the first and second PLPs; generating a transmission frame including the first and second bit-interleaved PLPs; and modulating the transmission frame and transmitting a broadcast signal including the modulated transmission frame, wherein the IP-PLP mapping information includes IP information for identifying the IP stream and PLP information for identifying the PLP.

Abstract: Systems and methods for ACM trajectory include receiving data at a communications receiver; decoding the received data based on a selected MODCOD; monitoring a number of iterations used to decode the data using the selected MODCOD; comparing the number of iterations used to decode the data using the first selected MODCOD to a reference number of iterations; and adjusting a SNR threshold value for the selected MODCOD where the number of iterations used to decode the data using the first selected MODCOD is greater than the reference number of iterations.

Abstract: Systems and methods for establishing communication between a terminal and a device are disclosed. According to certain embodiments, a method used in the device includes receiving a plurality of multicast packets from the terminal. The method also includes determining, according to the multicast packets, wireless connection information of a wireless network. The method further includes connecting to the wireless network according to the wireless connection information. The method further includes generating a notification indicating a password associated with the device.

Abstract: A communication apparatus that communicates with an external apparatus to transmit data to the external apparatus, the communication apparatus comprising, a first communication unit configured to communicate with the external apparatus in accordance with a first communication method, a second communication unit configured to communicate with the external apparatus in accordance with a second communication method, and a control unit configured to control operation in the first communication unit and the second communication unit, wherein the control unit controls so as to switch communication with the external apparatus to second communication by the second communication unit after performing first communication by the first communication unit, and transmit transmission target data to the external apparatus in the second communication.

Abstract: Provided herein is a control method of an electronic device. A gesture is detecting and a plurality of images of a user are photographed, if the gesture substantially corresponds to a predetermined gesture. A predetermined function is performed, if the change detected in the images is less than a predetermined threshold during a predetermined time period.

Abstract: A system and method for transmitting data over a channel, in which the data are categorized in at least two different categories. For example, the data are categorized according to the effect on perceived degradation on the data when error mitigation is performed on the data. Corrupted data of the first category are replaced using a first replacement method, such as retransmission and forward error correction. The corrupted data of the second category are replaced using a second replacement method different from the first replacement method, e.g., error mitigation or interpolation.

Abstract: A decoding method, a memory controlling circuit unit and a memory storage device are provided. The decoding method includes: performing a first type decoding operation for a first frame including a first codeword to obtain a second codeword. The method also includes: recording error estimate information corresponding to the first frame according to an execution result of the first type decoding operation. The method further includes: updating the first codeword in the first frame to the second codeword if the error estimate information matches a first condition; and performing a second type decoding operation for a block code including the first frame.

Abstract: A method for minimizing datalink message propagation time comprises determining whether a datalink TPDU ready for transmission requires an acknowledgement; transmitting the TPDU, starting a transport retry timer, and setting a transmission count to one, when acknowledgement is required; determining whether acknowledgement is received after transmitting the TPDU; determining whether the retry timer has expired if acknowledgement not received; determining whether a hold mode is in effect when the retry timer has expired; determining whether a transport inactivity timer has expired when the hold mode is in effect; determining whether the hold mode is still in effect when the inactivity timer has not expired; when the hold mode is no longer in effect, incrementing the transmission count by one; and retransmitting the datalink TPDU and restarting the retry timer, when the transmission count is less than a predetermined maximum value and the inactivity timer has not expired.

Abstract: In order to enable a dynamic handshake procedure, a client device is configured with a list of handshake contributors. The client device initiates a handshake by determining the handshake contributors and writing properties of the handshake contributors in a client handshake, which is then sent to a server device. The client handshake is processed at the server device by invoking an appropriate handler, which handles the handshake result. The server can also send its contributors and their properties to the client. Once the client receives the properties, the client can call an appropriate handler to handle the properties. Connections may be created based on the exchanged properties. New contributors and contributor handlers may be added to both the client and server devices.

Abstract: A radio resource adaptation method between UL and DL for two-way communications between a first communication device and a second communication device, comprising: receiving, by the first communication device, fed-back information in an unused part of radio resource allocated to a second communication link (UL or DL) from the second communication device to the first communication device, the fed-back information enabling utilization efficiency enhancement of radio resource allocated to a first communication link (DL or UL) from the first communication device to the second communication device; and performing, by the first communication device, resource-efficient information transmission and/or retransmission on the radio resource of the first communication link, based on the received fed-back information. The radio resource adaptation is implemented with wireless communication devices.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method for transmitting service data, a terminal, and a base station. The method includes: a terminal sends a transmission attribute of the terminal to a base station, wherein the transmission attribute of the terminal is used for a determination of a transmission time interval (TTI) bundling transmission policy of the terminal; receives a TTI bundling transmission indication from the base station; determines a TTI bundling transmission policy of the terminal according to the transmission attribute of the terminal; and sends service data to the base station in a TTI bundling transmission manner according to the TTI bundling transmission policy of the terminal. Technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure are used to enlarge coverage of medium-data rate and high-data rate services.

Abstract: According to some aspects, a base station may transmit a radio resources control (RRC) message to a wireless device. The RRC message may comprise configuration parameters for an enhanced physical downlink control channel (ePDCCH) associated with one or more subframes in a frame. The base station may transmit, via the ePDCCH, scheduling information for a packet. The base station may receive the packet according to the scheduling information, for example.

Abstract: A communications apparatus includes a radio transceiver and a processor. The radio transceiver receives a plurality of feedback messages from a peer device. The feedback messages are transmitted by the peer device to indicate a result of UL data transmission. The processor analyzes content of the feedback messages to determine a preferred retransmission type of the peer device and records the preferred retransmission type of the peer device in a memory device. When the radio transceiver receives a first UL grant message indicating transmission of a first UL data and the processor determines that a forthcoming first feedback message corresponding to the transmission of the first UL data is unable to be received, the processor determines whether to retransmit the first UL data according to the preferred retransmission type of the peer device.

Abstract: A method is provided for performing a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) by a user equipment (UE). An uplink (UL) grant for a first subframe of a second serving cell is received through a first serving cell. UL data in the first subframe of the second serving cell is transmitted according to the UL grant. When a not-acknowledgement (NACK) for the UL data is received through a physical HARQ indicator channel (PHICH) in a subframe i of the first serving cell, the UE performs a non-adaptive retransmission for the UL data in a second subframe of the second serving cell. When a PHICH resource corresponding to the UL data is not present in the subframe i, the UE does not perform the non-adaptive retransmission in the second subframe of the second serving cell.

Abstract: A signal processing device for communication is provided and includes a de-rate matching module, a decoder, a signal-quality generation module, and a first control module. The de-rate matching module performs a de-rate matching operation on the control signal to obtain a de-rate matching signal. The decoder performs a decoding operation on the de-rate matching signal to obtain a decoding signal. The signal-quality generation module generates at least one signal-quality indicator according to the control signal and the de-rate matching signal. The at least one signal-quality indicator includes a similarity indictor which is obtained by the signal-quality generation module performing a similarity calculation operation on the control signal and the de-rate matching signal. The first control module determines and controls whether to stop the decoding operation for the de-rate matching signal of the current control signal according to the at least one signal-quality indicator.

Abstract: In one aspect of this disclosure, control information and data are carried in the same subframe in order to reduce control overhead. A method, an apparatus, and a computer-readable medium for wireless communication are provided. The apparatus may be a first UE. The first UE determines a data block to be transmitted to a second UE. The first UE determines a first resource in a subframe for carrying the data block and determines a second resource in the subframe for carrying control information associated with transmitting the data block. The first UE transmits the data block and the control information to the second UE in a device-to-device communication channel on the determined first and second resources, respectively.

Abstract: A first remote memory access link is established between a first communications interface card on the first computing device and a second communications interface card on the second computing device. In response to an error associated with the first remote memory access link, messages are copied from a segmented queue associated with the first communications interface card to a segmented queue associated with a third communications interface card on the first computing device. A second remote memory access link between the third communications interface card and a fourth communications interface card is activated on the second computing device, and messages are resent from the segmented queue associated with the third communications interface card to the fourth communications interface card through the second remote memory access link. The second computing device discards duplicate received messages, if any.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for determining HARQ-ACK feedback timing and uplink scheduling timing, and for managing the synchronous uplink HARQ process during uplink and downlink reconfiguration. The method comprises: when uplink and downlink reconfiguration is performed, determining whether at least one HARQ-ACK feedback associated with the last frame of a previous uplink and downlink configuration cannot be transmitted in the first frame of a current uplink and downlink configuration; and when the HARQ-ACK feedback cannot be transmitted in the first frame of the current uplink and downlink configuration, the HARQ-ACK feedback follows a new timing determined by the previous and the current uplink and downlink configuration.

Abstract: A User Equipment (UE) configured for multi-cell communications is disclosed. The UE includes a processor and instructions stored in memory that is in electronic communication with the processor. The UE determines a primary cell (PCell) with a corresponding PCell time alignment timer. The UE also determines a secondary cell (SCell) with a corresponding SCell time alignment timer. The UE further determines whether the PCell time alignment timer is expired. The UE additionally sets the SCell time alignment timer as expired if the PCell time alignment timer is expired.

Abstract: A system and method are described for change data capture wherein a source database is replicated to a remote database. In one embodiment, a data storage device contains source log blocks containing information regarding database transactions processed for a source database, wherein the data storage device and source database are located in a first location, and at least some of the source log blocks include a plurality of database transactions in the same order as processed in the source database. Messages containing source log blocks are sent from the first location to a second location geographically remote from the first location. One or more components at the second location receive source log blocks from the messages, extract the source transaction data from the source log blocks, and use the source transaction data to write database transaction information to a second database based on the extracted source transaction data.

Abstract: Various system embodiments comprise a plurality of devices configured to wirelessly communicate with each other. The plurality of devices includes a battery-operated hearing aid configured to communicate with another device using Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) wireless communication technology. A BLE tester is configured to test the hearing aid for the performance of BLE wireless communication via a wireless link. One embodiment uses a wireless test mode as a diagnostic tool for analyzing the wireless communication environment, such as when the communication with the hearing aid is interfered in a noisy environment.

Abstract: Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide techniques for conveying downlink control information (DCI). According to certain aspects, the DCI comprises at least a first field that indicates both a rank indication (RI) and a number of enabled transport blocks (TBs) and at least a second field that indicates either a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) for an enabled TB if the first field indicates more than one TB is enabled or information other than the MCS if the first field indicates a single TB is enabled.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communication are described. A user equipment (UE) or a base station may identify a timing advance parameter and a processing parameter for the UE, and one or both may determine a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) timing based on the identified parameters. For example, if the UE has a large timing advance or reduced processing capacity, a longer HARQ timing may be chosen. When the UE receives downlink (DL) transmissions from the base station, the UE may send an acknowledgement (ACK) or negative acknowledgement (NACK) based on the chosen HARQ timing. The base station may send a retransmission (in the case of a NACK) based on the HARQ timing. In some cases, the UE may request a specific HARQ timing, or request an updated timing advance. If HARQ synchronization is lost, the UE and the base station may default to a preconfigured HARQ timing.

Abstract: A method and user equipment (UE) for transmitting ACK/NACK information, and a method and base station (BS) for receiving ACK/NACK information are disclosed. If ACK/NACK repetition and spatial orthogonal-resource transmit diversity (SORTD) caused by 2 antenna ports are configured in the UE, the UE performs first ACK/NACK transmission using 2 PUCCH resources implicitly decided by an associated PDCCH. From the second transmission, the UE performs ACK/NACK transmission using 2 PUCCH resources explicitly assigned respectively for the two antenna ports.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a method for processing feedback information, a base station, and a user equipment. The method includes: determining, by a base station, a feedback manner of HARQ feedback information, where the feedback manner includes feeding back the HARQ feedback information or not feeding back the HARQ feedback information; and sending, by the base station, first signaling to a user equipment, where the first signaling carries the feedback manner of the HARQ feedback information. The embodiments of the present invention can improve an HARQ mechanism, so as to support new technologies in a small cell more effectively.

Abstract: A method of providing a multicast service in a mobile communication system includes dividing original multicast data into a plurality of multicast data to generate a plurality of multicast streams having different data rates and transmitting a first transmission frame including the plurality of multicast streams to a plurality of user equipments; receiving a report on a data rate corresponding to an unreceived multicast stream among the plurality of multicast streams from one or more user equipments among the plurality of user equipments; and transmitting a second transmission frame including the unreceived multicast stream to the plurality of user equipments including the one or more user equipments.

Abstract: The object of the invention is a method to receive e-mail from any transmitting user in a specific e-mail address, generating proof of all the operation transactions to deliver a certificate to the transmitting user as a trusted third party of the sending and delivery of an e-mail, indicating the content and the attachments, by the steps of reception in a mail server, sending of a copy to the recipient, its itemization in a database and its registration in the client register and database, where finally a data processing unit creates an electronic receipt with the transactional data, the data sent, the attachments and it digitally signs it creating the certificate that it sends to the initial user.

Abstract: In a zigbee network, reliable communications are provided by maintaining messages transmitted from a device in a message queue in the device. If no successful acknowledgement is received for a transmitted message, the message is re-transmitted when the message queue executes. Messages are deleted from the queue when the message is successfully transmitted or when a maximum number of re-tries has been exhausted.

Abstract: A wireless transmit/receive units (WTRUs) receives a downlink transmission from a Node-B and decodes the downlink transmission. If the decoding is not successful, the WTRU sends a pre-defined burst signifying a negative acknowledgement (NACK) to the Node-B via a contention-based shared feedback channel. The pre-defined burst may be sent only once without requiring an acknowledgement. The Node-B calibrates a downlink transmit power so that the downlink transmission is transmitted to the WTRUs with a high likelihood. The Node-B may send a downlink transmission including multiple data streams processed using different modulation and coding schemes so that a WTRU having a high signal quality decodes all data streams while a WTRU having a low signal quality decodes less than all data streams. The Node-B sends a channel quality indicator (CQI) threshold so that each WTRU determines a data stream to report feedback based on the CQI threshold and a measured CQI.

Abstract: Devices and techniques for accelerated packet processing are described herein. The device can match an action to a portion of a network data packet and accelerate the packet-processing pipeline for the network data packet through the machine by processing the action.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and computer program products for providing zero-copy multiplexing using copy-on-write are disclosed. Examples generally relate to both physical and virtualized computer systems. A computer-implemented method may include receiving notification of an incoming network packet, determining that a section of the network packet is to be modified, creating a copy of the network packet section to be modified, modifying the network packet section copy, and sending a memory location of the modified network packet section copy to an application. In a virtualized computer system, a hypervisor may receive notification of an incoming network packet, determine that a section of the network packet is to be modified, create a copy of the network packet section to be modified, modify the network packet section copy, and send a memory location of the modified network packet section copy to a guest when providing a modified network packet to the guest.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for transmitting common information, a base station, and user equipment, where the method includes: generating additional information according the common information, where the common information is a paging message and/or system information, and data packets of the additional information and data packets of the common information are the same at a Media Access Control MAC layer; and sending the common information and the additional information to the user equipment. In embodiments of the present invention, because the additional information and the common information carry same MAC layer data packet content, in a case of receiving the common information and the additional information, the user equipment may determine a data packet at the MAC layer according to the common information and the additional information; therefore a probability of correct detection of the common information may be increased.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a wireless communication system. In more detail, the present invention relates to a method for transmitting uplink control information in a wireless communication system operating as TDD, and a device for same. The method includes transmitting Hybrid Automatic Repeat request-Acknowledgement (HARQ) in a subframe n through Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH), and a transmission power of the PUCCH relates to a method determined using Equation 4 or 5, and a device for same.