Abstract: An ion modulator of improved sensitivity and capable of producing copies of excellent quality is provided in the form of a conductive metal screen which is coated with a photoconductor or insulator and having a supplementary electrode forming an integral part thereof. The supplementary electrode functions to provide a positive or negative bias potential resulting in a larger transmission coefficient, better gray scale, improved light sensitivity, and the ability to operate in both positive and negative modes.

Abstract: Polymeric photoconductive composition having recurring structural units of the formula: ##EQU1## WHEREIN R is hydrogen or alkyl of 1-4 carbon atoms;R' is alkyl of 1-4 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl, phenyl, or alkyl substituted phenyl;B is phenylene or a diradical of a fused aromatic nucleus having up to four benzene rings;A.sub.r is selected from the group consisting of naphthalene, anthracene, pyrene, perylene, julolidine, carbazole, their respective homologues and analogues;x is 0 or 1;y is 0 or 1; andn is at least 2.The above polymeric compositions are suitable for use as charge transport matrices for photogenerator materials or can themselves be complexed with an appropriate activator and thus, form a charge transfer complex which is itself capable of photoresponse within the visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum.

Abstract: A photosensitive member for electrophotographic use having a photosensitive binder layer comprising zinc oxide and titanium dioxide photoconductive particles blended in a ratio of about 50:50 to 80:20 by weight and homogeneously dispersed into a film forming insulating resin binder, the particles having an average size of about 0.05 micron to 1.0 micron and the zinc oxide and titanium dioxide particles diffusing in light sensitivity by a factor of more than about 1.2 based on a gray filtered mean daylight source.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member having a photosensitive layer containing an amorphous alloy comprising at least one of the chalcogen elements and at least one element from group IVa of the Periodic Table. This photosensitive layer can be sensitized by adding an element from group Va of the Periodic Table or a halogen thereto.

Abstract: An electro-photographic method and apparatus in which the photo-conductive material is on an optically transparent base, the voltage at each position on the photo-conductive material or on small areas of conductive material associated therewith being depended on the amount of light impinging on the photo-conductive layer through the transparent base and on a potential set up between an electrically conductive layer located between the base and the photo-conductive layer and on an element located on the other side of the photo-conductive layer, pigment being accepted in an amount depending on the variable voltage.

Abstract: An electrically insulated minor portion is provided on the periphery of a photosensitive drum comprising a cylindrical supporter, a photoconductive strip wound in roll form on a supply reel disposed in the interior of the cylindrical supporter and paid out thereof to apply a portion thereof to a major portion of the outer periphery of the cylindrical supporter so that the portion may serve as a photoreceptor on which an electrostatic latent image of an original to be copied is formed. The strip portion on the outer periphery is withdrawn and wound on a take-up reel that is also disposed in the interior of the cylindrical supporter. The minor portion of the outer periphery of the cylindrical supporter has on its surface an electrically insulating layer with electrical resistance in the range of 1 to 5 .times. 10.sup.9 .OMEGA.cm, the layer consisting of a material which is not charged by frictional contact with either the magnetic developing brush or the cleaning brush.

Abstract: A polyvinylpyrenal copolymer obtained by condensing the corresponding aromatic aldehyde with a copolymer of vinyl alcohol and having a number average molecular weight of at least 5,000. Also included are photoconductive members utilizing such material as an intrinsic photoconductor or as matrix material, demonstrating excellent structural and electronic properties for xerographic purposes.

Abstract: A multilayer electrophotographic member (such as a plate or flexible web) of the type for producing an electrostatic latent image thereon has a layer of photoconductive material, such as selenium, overlain by a charge image bearing layer comprising an organic polymeric material having the ability to transport electrical charge carriers therethrough, such as polyvinylcarbazole. The charge image bearing layer also has incorporated therein a plasticizer material selected from the group consisting of phenylether, its oligomers and substituted derivatives of the phenylether moiety.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for copying a graphic representation using a uniformly poled pyroelectric material.The uniformly poled pyroelectric material is selectively heated to form a differential charge pattern on the material. The differentially charged material can be used with charged toner particles to form a copy of the graphic representation using techniques well known in the art.

Abstract: Reproduction elements coated with organic photoconductors are made with improved and/or more widely selectable electrophotographic properties by employing in the photoconductive coating a donor-acceptor complex composed of a known organic electron donor having photo- or semiconductor properties, e.g. a poly-N-vinylcarbazole or polyvinylpyrene, and a N-(fluoren-9-ylidene)-aniline compound as an activating electron acceptor. Especially effective as the electron acceptor are certain new compounds, namely, p- and m-nitro-N-(2,4,7-trinitrofluoren-9-ylidene)-aniline and p-methylsulfonyl-N-(2,4,7-trinitrofluoren-9-ylidene)-aniline.

Abstract: An imaging system using a migration imaging member comprising a softenable photoconductive material with a fracturable layer of migration marking material contacting the softenable photoconductive material and having the fracturable layer spaced apart from at least one surface of the softenable layer and typically contiguous to the free surface of the softenable material. Imaging with a member comprising a softenable photoconductive binder material with marking particles therein dispersed throughout said softenable binder is also disclosed. Imaging is accomplished by providing a migration force across the migration imaging member and developing the member whereby the migration marking material migrates in depth in the softenable layer in imagewise configuration.

Abstract: A light-transparent photoconductive material for use in electrophotography is the reaction product obtained by condensingA. an organic photoconductive compound containing an amino and/or hydroxyl group andB. a reactive colored compound containing an active halogen atom;Or by condensingA. an organic photoconductive compound containing an active halogen atom andB. a reactive colored compound containing an amino and/or hydroxyl group.

Abstract: Derivatives of polyglutamic acid with a molecular weight of from 1,000 to 100,000 and having the following general formula (I) are novel photoconductive substances which are superior in film forming ability and are suitable for use as photoconductors for electrophotographic copying materials:General formula (I) ##EQU1## wherein R represents a polynuclear aromatic or a heterocyclic nitrogen group, each containing up to sixteen carbon atoms, andn is the integer 1 or 2.

Abstract: Photoconductive coating compositions for application to solid substrates which are to be utilized in electrophotographic operations are described; the resultant photoconductive coatings comprise a layer of photoconductive pigment particles bonded to themselves and to the solid substrate with a binder comprising a novel interpolymer, at least one of whose constituent monomers contains bromine. Novel bromine-containing monomers are also disclosed.

Abstract: This application describes a multilayer electrophotographic element composed of a conducting layer, a photoconductive layer, and a polymeric interlayer having a surface resistivity greater than about 10.sup.12 ohm/sq. between the conducting layer and the photoconductive layer. The interlayer comprises a blend of at least two distinct polymeric phases comprising: (a) a film-forming, water- or alkali-soluble polymer, and (b) a film-forming hydrophobic polymer.

Abstract: An organic photoconductive composition, useful as an electrophotosensitizing material consisting of an organic photoconductive compound and a compound having an active methylene, as chemical sensitizer, represented by the formula,R--COCH.sub.2 --Xor ##EQU1## wherein R is a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, alkyl, arylamino, alkylamino, aryloxy or alkoxy; X is acyl, carbamoyl, phenyl-substituted carbamoyl or cyano; Y is carbonyl, oxygen, sulfur, ##EQU2## (wherein L is hydrogen or alkyl); Z is a residue necessary to form a 5- or 6-membered ring, and method for making the same.

Abstract: Process for direct alpha to X phase conversion of metal-free phthalocyanine. In this process, the alpha polymorph of a metal-free phthalocyanine pigment can be directly converted to the X form by depositing the alpha form of the pigment on a suitable substrate followed by in situ conversion of this deposit by controlled heating. The X form of metal-free phthalocyanine is known to possess good electrophotographic speed, and, thus, can be used either alone or in combination with other photoconductive materials in electrophotography.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of substantially hexagonal crystals of metal-free alpha phthalocyanine, said crystals ranging in size from about 1 micron to about 75 microns is disclosed. Photoelectrophoretic and manifold processes employing said crystals are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for expediting the breaking in or aging of xerographic photoreceptors comprising a substrate and at least one selenium and arsenic-containing photoconductor layers and to improve low density image differentiation by initially exposing the photoconductor layers to a visible or ultraviolet light flux while at a temperature of not less than about 85.degree.C.

Abstract: A high polymer compound containing therein the reactive group represented by the following general formula; ##SPC1##Wherein X represents O or S; Y represents a hydrogen atom or a cyano group; and R.sub.2 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having not more than 4 carbon atoms, a halogen atom or a nitro group.

Abstract: An electrophotographic sensitive member comprises of a flexible web having a photosensitive layer and provided with a longitudinally uni-directionally heat contractible insulating connector sheet of a predetermined length extending from one end thereof. In attaching the sensitive member over an endless support, the free end of the sensitive member is adhered to the free end of the connector sheet and the connector sheet is contracted to tightly embrace the member on the endless support upon the application of heat.

Abstract: An electrophotographic member comprising a resin binder and an organic photoconductive composition and a process using the electrophotographic member, the composition consisting essentially of a compound of the formula (A), its dimeric compound or its polymeric compound: ##SPC1##Whereim R.sub.1 is hydrogen atom, halogen atom, alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, alkoxycarbonyl group having alkyl group 1 to 4 carbon atoms, nitro group, alkylene group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms which is capable of forming a bis-compound, or a bond which is capable of forming a bis-compound, R.sub.