Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of producing coatings of metal oxide, nitride or carbide or mixtures thereof, whereby operating a High Power Impulse Magnetron Sputtering, HIPIMS, discharged on one or more target (s) (3), in an argon and reactive gas mixture (5, 6), at peak pulse power higher than 200 Wcm?2, in which the deposition rate is improved and in the need for partial reactive gas pressure feedback systems is eliminated.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for growing a novel non-polar (13 40) plane epitaxy layer of wurtzite structure, which comprises the following steps: providing a single crystal oxide with perovskite structure; using a plane of the single crystal oxide as a substrate; and forming a non-polar (13 40) plane epitaxy layer of wurtzite semiconductors on the plane of the single crystal oxide by a vapor deposition process. The present invention also provides an epitaxy layer having non-polar (13 40) plane obtained according to the aforementioned method.

Abstract: The design of biodegradable magnetic nanoparticles for use in in-vivo biomedical applications. The particles can include Fe in combination with one or more of Mg, Zn, Si, C, N, and P atoms or other particles. The nanoparticles can be degraded in-vivo after usage. The nanoparticles can cease heating upon reaching a predetermined temperature or other value.

Abstract: Provided is a copper foil for a printed wiring board, the copper foil being suitable for achieving finer pitch, favorable in terms of manufacturing cost, and excellent both in etching ability and adhesion to an insulating substrate. The copper foil for a printed wiring board comprises a copper foil base material and a covering layer for covering at least a portion of a surface of the copper foil base material, wherein the covering layer is formed by an nickel-vanadium alloy layer containing nickel and vanadium, and a chromium layer, laminated in this order from the surface of the copper foil base material; the chromium layer contains chromium in an amount of 15-210 ?g/dm2; the nickel-vanadium alloy layer contains nickel and vanadium in a combined covering amount of 20-600 ?g/dm2; and the nickel-vanadium alloy layer contains vanadium in an amount of 3-70 wt %.

Abstract: An electronic device housing includes a substrate and a nano titanium dioxide coating formed on the substrate. The nano titanium dioxide coating has a thickness of about 10-100 nm. The nano titanium dioxide coating is formed of rutile crystals or composite crystals formed of rutile and anatase. A method for making the electronic device is also described.

Abstract: An electrode for measuring electrical activities of a living body and/or for outputting electrical signals into the living body, with an electrically insulated and flexible line, which is connected fixedly or releasably to a distally arranged and electrically conductive electrode tip. The electrode tip is designed for insertion into the body. The electrode tip includes at least one crystalline shape-memory material, and the electrode tip is flexible on account of the shape-memory material. The shape-memory material of the support structure is formed at least partially by physical vapour deposition, in such a way that precipitations in the shape-memory material have a maximum size of 500 nm.

Abstract: A holographic image display system comprises a screen, a first and a second light source, a scanning mechanism, and a controller. The screen includes a photochromic material arranged thereon. The photochromic material has light absorption characteristics which change depending on illumination with a wavelength of an ultraviolet light beam. The first light source directs a visible light beam with a sufficiently large diameter onto the screen, whereas the second light source directs an ultraviolet light beam onto the screen through the scanning mechanism. The controller controls emissions and scanning of the ultraviolet light beam based on a holographic signal so that the ultraviolet light beam can be scanned across the screen.

Abstract: A process of coating an article includes the steps of (1) forming a layer of a ceramic based compound on an article; (2) providing a solution containing a metal as a particulate having a diameter of about 10 nanometers to about 1000 nanometers and present in an amount of about 25 percent to about 50 percent by volume of the solution; (3) contacting the ceramic based compound layer with the solution; (4) drying the article; and (5) optionally repeating steps (3) and (4).

Abstract: Perovskite semiconductor thin films and the method of making Perovskite semiconductor thin films are disclosed. Perovskite semiconductor thin films were deposited on inexpensive substrates such as glass and ceramics. CsSnI3 films contained polycrystalline domains with typical size of 300 nm and larger. It is confirmed experimentally that CsSnI3 compound in its black phase is a direct band-gap semiconductor, consistent with the calculated band structure from the first principles.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electrode for evolution of gaseous products in electrolysis cells comprising e metal substrate coated with at least two catalytic compositions, the outermost catalytic composition being deposited by means of chemical or physical phase vapour deposition technique and having a composition comprising noble metals selected from the group of platinum group metals or oxides thereof.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments provide a multi-source deposition method and apparatus for the provision of coatings within relatively tight tolerances. An apparatus may be provided including control circuitry and a plurality of deposition sources for coating a substrate. The sources may be disposed a selectable distance away from the substrate and/or may be tilted at a selected angle. The control circuitry may utilize information indicative of an emission pattern associated with each of the sources to adjust a power to each of the sources during coating of the substrate. By rotating the substrate relative to the sources and/or controlling parameters such as source height, tilt angle, and source power, a substantially uniform coating thickness may be achieved on the substrate.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a display substrate includes forming a plastic base substrate. A blocking layer is formed on a surface of the plastic base substrate by depositing a first material and a second material that are distinct. A substrate includes a plastic base substrate and a blocking layer formed at surfaces of the plastic base substrate and having a first layer and a second layer alternatingly. The first layer and second layer include continuously changing component ratio of a first material to a second material. The blocking layer effectively blocks moisture and/or oxygen.

Abstract: A method and system for performing gas cluster ion beam (GCIB) etch processing of various materials is described. In particular, the GCIB etch processing includes setting one or more GCIB properties of a GCIB process condition for the GCIB to achieve one or more target etch process metrics.

Abstract: A housing is provided which includes an aluminum or aluminum alloy substrate, an aluminum layer and a corrosion resistant layer formed on the aluminum or aluminum alloy substrate in that order. The corrosion resistant layer is an Al—O—N layer. Then, Nd ions is implanted in the Al—O—N layer by ion implantation process. The atomic percentages of N and O in the Al—O—N gradient layer gradually increase from nearing the aluminum or aluminum alloy substrate to far away from it. The housing has a higher corrosion resistant. A method for making the housing is also provided.

Abstract: A low-emissivity multilayer coating includes, in order outward from the substrate, a first layer including a layer containing titanium oxide, a layer containing silicon nitride, or a sublayer layer containing titanium oxide in combination with a sublayer containing silicon 5 nitride, a second layer including Ag, a third layer including at least one layer selected from titanium oxide layers and silicon nitride layers, a fourth layer including Ag, and a fifth layer including silicon nitride, where the color of the coatings can be varied over a wide range by controlling the thicknesses of the layers of titanium oxide, silicon nitride and Ag.

Abstract: A housing is provided which includes an aluminum or aluminum alloys substrate, an aluminum layer and a corrosion resistant layer formed on the aluminum or aluminum alloys substrate in that order. The corrosion resistant layer is an Al—O—N layer. Then, Gd ions is implanted in the Al—O—N layer by ion implantation process. The atomic percentages of N and O in the Al—O—N gradient layer gradually increase from the bottom of the layer near the aluminum or aluminum alloys substrate to the top of the layer away from aluminum or aluminum alloys substrate by physical vapor deposition. The housing has a higher corrosion resistance. A method for making the housing is also provided.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a composite polymer/nanoporous film system and methods of fabrication of tunable nanoporous coatings on flexible polymer substrates. The porosity of the nanoporous film can be tuned during fabrication to a desired value by adjusting the deposition conditions. Experiments show that SiO2 coatings with tunable porosity fabricated by oblique-angle electron beam deposition can be deposited on polymer substrates. These conformable coatings have many applications, including in the field of optics where the ability to fabricate tunable refractive index coatings on a variety of materials and shapes is of great importance.

Abstract: An article includes a substrate, a color layer formed on the substrate, and a transparent layer formed on the color layer. The color layer includes a second matte region and a second mirror-like region, the second mirror-like region present an appearance like cracks in rocks. The transparent layer includes a third matte region and a third mirror-like region, the third matte region corresponds to the second matte region and covers the second matte region, the third mirror-like region corresponds to the second mirror-like region and covers the second mirror-like region. A method for manufacturing the article is also provided.

Abstract: A golf club head is manufactured so as to be at least partially composed of martensitic stainless steel and to have an exterior surface. At least one chromium layer is deposited on at least a portion of the exterior surface of the golf club head. At least one outer layer is deposited by physical vapor deposition on at least a portion of the at least one chromium layer, the outer layer including a metal and a nonmetal.

Abstract: An aluminum or aluminum alloy article is described. The aluminum or aluminum alloy article includes an aluminum or aluminum alloy substrate, a barrier layer formed on the substrate, a color layer formed on the barrier layer, and an insulation layer formed on the color layer. The barrier layer and the color layer are formed by vacuum sputtering. The barrier layer is a layer of silver-aluminum-oxygen-nitrogen. The insulation layer is an external layer of the aluminum or aluminum alloy article.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cutting tool for metal machining with improved wear properties, comprising a cutting tool substrate of cemented carbide, cermet, ceramics or a super hard material, and a wear resistant coating, wherein the wear resistant coating comprises a PVD Ti—Si—C—N layer with a compositional gradient, and a method of making thereof.

Abstract: A piezoelectric actuator includes a substrate, an oxide layer formed on the substrate, a Ti0x (0<x?2) adhesive layer formed on the oxide layer, a Ti adhesive layer formed on the Ti0x adhesive layer, a Pt lower electrode layer formed on the Ti adhesive layer, and a PZT piezoelectric layer formed on the Pt lower electrode layer.

Abstract: An antistatic article including a substrate having a first surface, a sputtered conductive layer arranged on the first surface and having a thickness ranging from approximately 0.5 nanometers to approximately 10 nanometers, and an outer layer or a series of layers arranged atop the sputtered conductive layer, wherein, the antistatic article exhibits a surface resistivity of less than approximately 1012 ohms/square. A method of making an antistatic article includes pretreating a surface of the substrate, sputtering the conductive layer onto the surface to a thickness ranging from approximately 0.5 nanometers to approximately 10 nanometers, and sputtering the outer layer and one or more additional layers atop the conductive layer, wherein, the antistatic article exhibits a surface resistivity of less than approximately 1012 ohms/square.

Abstract: A thin film for a lead for brain applications includes at least one section comprising a high conductive metal and a low conductive metal, whereby the low conductive metal is a biocompatible metal and has a lower electrical conductivity than the high conductive metal and whereby the high conductive metal is at least partially encapsulated by the low conductive metal. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a thin film for a lead for brain applications and a deep brain stimulation system.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of a bubble-type micro-pump is provided. At least a bubble-generating unit is provided on the bubble-generating section. Because of the varied surface energies on the top of the bubble-generating section, the varied backfilling velocities of the fluid of the front end and the rear end cause fluid moving when a bubble vanishes. The top surface of the bubble-generating section is subjected to a particular surface treatment to form a surface energy gradient. Examples of surface treatment include sputtering a thin film with varied densities or thickness, radiating one or multi-layer thin films by a laser beam, etc.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a magnetic recording medium includes reducing and eliminating impurity gas present in a chamber. A magnetic recording layer is formed and an active material layer is also formed immediately below or immediately above the magnetic recording layer in respective chambers. The active material layer is formed in the same chamber or with a gate opened between the magnetic recording layer chamber and the active material layer chamber.

Abstract: The invention concerns a cutting tool having a base body and a single-layer or multi-layer coating applied thereto. To provide cutting tools which are improved over the state of the art it is proposed according to the invention that the coating includes at least one two-phase or multi-phase layer which contains at least two different phases of metal oxide, wherein the at least one two-phase or multi-phase layer is electrically conductive.

Abstract: The coating system comprises: at least one layer of type A, a layer of type A substantially consisting of (AlyCr1-y)X, wherein X depicts one of the group consisting of N, CN, BN, NO, CNO, CBN, BNO and CNBO, y describing the stoichiometric composition of the metallic phase fraction; and at least one layer of type B, a layer of type B substantially consisting of (AluCr1-u-v-wSivMew)X, wherein X depicts one of the group consisting of N, CN, BN, NO, CNO, CBN, BNO or CNBO, and wherein Me depicts one of the group consisting of W, Nb, Mo and Ta or a mixture of two or more of the constituents of that group, u, v and w describing the stoichiometric composition of the metallic phase fraction. A thickness ratio of said layer of type A to said layer of type B is higher than 1. The workpiece comprises such a coating system. Through this, an excellent wear-protection is provided, and the coating system and workpieces can be used for a broad range of different applications.

Abstract: An improved substrate is disclosed for an electrode of an electrochemical cell. The improved substrate includes a core material surrounded by a coating. The coating is amorphous such that the coating includes substantially no grain boundaries. The core material may be one of lead, fiber glass, and titanium. The coating may be one of lead, lead-dioxide, titanium nitride, and titanium dioxide. Further, an intermediate adhesion promoter surrounds the core material to enhance adhesion between the coating and the core material.

Abstract: A sputtering coil for a plasma chamber in a semiconductor fabrication system is provided. The sputtering coil couples energy into a plasma and also provides a source of sputtering material to be sputtered onto a workpiece from the coil to supplement material being sputtered from a target onto the workpiece. Alternatively a plurality of coils may be provided, one primarily for coupling energy into the plasma and the other primarily for providing a supplemental source of sputtering material to be sputtered on the workpiece.

Abstract: A fabricating method of a conductive substrate including the following steps is provided. A substrate is provided. A barrier layer having a first roughened surface is formed on the substrate by an atmospheric pressure plasma process, wherein the surface roughness (Ra) of the first roughened surface formed by the atmospheric pressure plasma process is between 10 nanometers (nm) and 100 nm. A first electrode layer is formed on the first roughened surface of the barrier layer by a vacuum sputter process, wherein a second roughened surface with the surface roughness (Ra) between 10 nm and 100 nm is formed on a surface of the first electrode layer. Furthermore, a photoelectric conversion layer is formed on the second roughened surface of the first electrode layer. A second electrode layer is formed on the photoelectric conversion layer. A solar cell and a conductive substrate are also provided.

Abstract: Provided is a method for preparing an epoxy substrate having a nanopattern, including: (a) forming a titanium oxide film by anodizing a titanium substrate; (b) obtaining a titanium substrate having a concave shape formed on the surface by removing the titanium oxide film from the titanium substrate on which the titanium oxide film has been formed; (c) coating an epoxy resin onto the titanium substrate on which the concave shape has been formed; and (d) obtaining an epoxy substrate having a nanopattern of convex surfaces by removing the titanium substrate.

Abstract: In an embodiment of the present invention, the following operations are performed while a substrate holder is being rotated at a fixed rotation speed with plasma being generated. Specifically, a first state where a substrate holding surface of the substrate holder is exposed to a target holder is formed to start a first deposition of divisional depositions, and a second state where the surface is shut off from the target holder is formed in T/X seconds after the start of the first divisional deposition. Moreover, the first state is formed to start an n-th deposition of the divisional depositions when a reference point set on the substrate holder arrived at a position rotated by (n?1)×360/X degrees from a position of the reference point located at the start of the targeted deposition, and the second state is formed in T/X seconds after the start of the n-th divisional deposition.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a magnetic media for magnetic data recording that greatly reduces the time required to manufacture the magnetic media. After constructing the magnetic disk with the desired magnetic media layer, a protective overcoat is deposited on the disk. The disk is then exposed to ozone in order to speed the rate of oxidation of the protective overcoat and thereby reduce the time needed to treat the overcoat. After exposing the overcoat to an ozone a lubrication layer can be applied. This process reduces the time necessary to cure the overcoat from a time of about 24 hours to a time range of 10 seconds to 30 minutes.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a porous device with restrictive layer comprises the steps of providing a porous structure having a micro pore structure, flattening the porous carrier to form a surface, and forming a restrictive layer on the surface of the porous carrier, a method for manufacturing said restrictive layer includes forming a nickel-chromium alloy layer on the surface of the porous carrier, forming a copper metal layer on the nickel-chromium alloy layer, forming a nickel metal layer having a top surface on the copper metal layer, and processing said nickel-chromium alloy layer, said copper metal layer and said nickel metal layer to form a plurality of channels communicating with the micro pore structure and the top surface. The restrictive effect and damping effect can raise anti-vibration ability of the porous device itself by formation of dual restrictive structure composed of the micro pore structure and the channels.

Abstract: Disclosed is a substrate processing system which enables combined static and pass-by processing. Also, a system architecture is provided, which reduces footprint size. The system is constructed such that the substrates are processed therein vertically, and each chamber has a processing source attached to one sidewall thereof, wherein the other sidewall backs to a complementary processing chamber. The chamber system can be milled from a single block of metal, e.g., aluminum, wherein the block is milled from both sides, such that a wall remains and separates each two complementary processing chambers.

Abstract: A porous metal article includes a substrate; a metal layer formed on the substrate; and a porous metal layer formed on the metal layer. The metal layer is a noble metal layer doped with M that is at least one element selected from a group consisting of aluminum, magnesium and calcium, the content of M in the metal layer is between about 30 wt % and about 70 wt %.

Abstract: A multilayer transparent electroconductive film is obtained by stacking a transparent electroconductive film (II) on a transparent electroconductive film (I), and in this structure, the transparent electroconductive film (I) contains one or more added elements selected from aluminum and gallium, and the content of the added elements is in a range represented by ?2.18×[Al]+1.74?[Ga]??1.92×[Al]+6.10. The transparent electroconductive film (II) contains one or more added elements selected from aluminum and gallium, and the content of the added elements is in a range represented by ?[Al]+0.30?[Ga]??2.68×[Al]+1.74. In this case, [Al] is the aluminum content expressed as the atomic ratio (%) Al/(Zn+Al) and [Ga] is the gallium content expressed as the atomic ratio (%) Ga/(Zn+Ga).

Abstract: A coated article includes a substrate, a color layer deposited on the substrate. The color layer includes a plurality of first CrC layers and first TiC layers. Each first CrC layer is alternately arranged with each first TiC layer. The color layer have an L* value between about 29 to about 35, an a* value between about 0 to about 2, and a b* value between about 0 to about 2 in the CIE L*a*b* color space. A method for manufacturing the coated article is also provided.

Abstract: In order to produce zirconia-based layers on a deposition substrate, wherein reactive spark deposition using pulsed spark current and/or the application of a magnetic field that is perpendicular to the spark target are employed, a mixed target comprising elemental zircon and at least one stabilizer is used, or a zirconium target comprising elemental zirconium is used, wherein in addition to oxygen, nitrogen is used as the reactive gas. As an alternative, combined with the use of the mixed target, nitrogen can also be used as the reactive gas in addition to oxygen.

Abstract: An at least partially metalized plastic product for cosmetic and perfume packaging comprising a plastic body, the plastic body being directly covered at least partially by a metal layer, wherein the plastic is a polyolefin selected from: polyethylene, polypropylene, their copolymer or their mixture; and in that when the polyolefin comprises at least one polypropylene or a copolymer of polypropylene-polyethylene, this polyolefin has an infrared spectrum having: a peak at the wave number of 720 cm?1 of a height at least equal to 20; or a peak at the wave number of 809 cm?1 of a height less than 20, a peak at the wave number of 840 cm?1 of a height less than 50, a peak at the wave number of 899 cm?1 of a height less than 20, and a peak at the wave number of 997 cm?1 of a height less than 60.

Abstract: In one aspect of the invention, a sputter source is provided. The sputter source includes a target source affixed to a bottom plate of the sputter source. A plurality of magnets spaced apart from each other is included. The plurality of magnets is disposed above a surface of the bottom plate, wherein a surface of the target source is profiled such that the target source has a minimum thickness aligned with an axis of each of the plurality of magnets and a maximum thickness aligned with an axis of a gap defined between each of the plurality of magnets. A method of processing a substrate is also included.

Abstract: Disclosed is a crystalline hard coating layer having no cracks, which exhibits both high hardness and excellent wear resistance at the same time. A method for forming the hard coating layer is also disclosed. A crystalline hard coating layer (3) coating a substrate (2) is formed by a PVD method, and contains Si and C as essential components, while containing an element M (which is one or more elements selected from among group 3A elements, group 4A elements, group 5A elements, group 6A elements, B, Al and Ru) and N as optional components. The crystalline hard coating layer (3) has the following composition: SixC1-x-y-zNyMz (where 0.4?x?0.6, 0?y?0.1, and 0?z?0.2).

Abstract: A film forming method performs a film forming process on a target object having on a surface thereof an insulating layer. The film forming method includes a first thin film forming step of forming a first thin film containing a first metal, an oxidation step of forming an oxide film by oxidizing the first thin film, and a second thin film forming step of forming a second thin film containing a second metal on the oxide film.

Abstract: A process of fabricating a perpendicular magnetic recording medium. In one embodiment, the process may comprise forming a metallic buffer layer with a (002) texture on an underlayer using a deposition process performed at a temperature below 30° C. The underlayer may have a crystalline (001) texture. The process may further comprise forming a perpendicular magnetic recording layer on top of the metallic buffer layer using a deposition process performed at a temperature above 350° C. The magnetic recording layer may comprise a magnetic material with a L10 crystalline structure and with a c-axis perpendicular to a plane of the perpendicular magnetic recording layer. The process may further comprise removing metal of the metallic buffer layer from a top surface of the perpendicular magnetic recording layer that moved to the top surface of the perpendicular magnetic recording layer during the forming of the perpendicular magnetic recording layer.

Abstract: Provided is a method for producing a piezoelectric thin-film element including a piezoelectric thin-film layer having good surface morphology and high crystallinity. The method includes forming a lower electrode layer on a substrate; forming a piezoelectric thin-film buffer layer on the lower electrode layer at a relatively low film-formation temperature; forming a piezoelectric thin-film layer on the piezoelectric thin-film buffer layer at a film-formation temperature that is higher than the film-formation temperature for the piezoelectric thin-film buffer layer; and forming an upper electrode layer on the piezoelectric thin-film layer.

Abstract: Certain example embodiments relate to a coated article including at least one infrared (IR) reflecting layer in a low-E coating. In certain examples, at least one layer of the coating is of or includes zirconium oxide (e.g., ZrO2) doped with gadolinium and/or gadolinium oxide (e.g., Gd2O3 or other suitable stoichiometry). Providing a layer including Gd-doped zirconium oxide as the uppermost or overcoat layer of the coated article (e.g., over a silicon nitride based layer) advantageously results in improved durability, and chemical and heat stability in certain example embodiments. Coated articles herein may be used in the context of insulating glass (IG) window units, vehicle windows, or in other suitable applications such as monolithic window applications, laminated windows, and/or the like.

Abstract: The present invention provides a low-friction coating layer for vehicle components comprising: a Ti layer on a surface of a base material; a TiN layer on the Ti layer surface; a TiAgN layer on the TiN layer surface; and an Ag layer transferred on the TiAgN layer surface, and a method for producing the same.

Abstract: An antenna includes a transparent substrate, a silver layer directly formed on a surface of the transparent substrate, an ink layer made of an electroconductive ink directly formed on the silver layer, and a transparent protective layer directly formed on the silver layer. The silver layer forms a desired antenna pattern and has a feed portion and grounding portion. The ink layer covers the feed portion and the grounding portion. The protective layer covers the silver layer besides the feed portion and the grounding portion. A method for making the antenna is also described.

Abstract: A hard coating film to be applied to the surface of a tool, which has a composition of (Cr1-a-bAlaSib) (BxCyN1-x-y) with atomic ratios specified below. 0<a?0.4 0.05?b?0.35 0.25?1?a?b?0.9 0?x?0.15 0?y?0.5 or a composition of (M1-a-bAlaSib) (BxCyN1-x-y) with atomic ratios specified below. 0.05?a?0.5 0.1<b?0.35 0?x?0.15 0?y?0.5 where M denotes Ti and Cr. The hard coating film for cutting tools has better wear resistance than conventional ones.