Abstract: A fuel injection nozzle is proposed, intended in particular for Diesel engines, in which an induction coil is installed in an intermediate disc. The coil core is embodied by a pressure element and a valve needle in force-locking contact therewith. An annular permanent magnet is secured either on the pressure bolt or on the intermediate plate. This embodiment of an injection nozzle, as a so-called needle stroke transducer, is used when it is desired to ascertain the duration of injection and especially the onset of injection.

Abstract: A fuel injection valve is proposed which, especially in low-fuel-pressure systems, serves to inject fuel into the intake tube of a mixture-compressing internal combustion engine with externally supplied ignition. The fuel injection valve includes a fixed valve seat cooperating with a movable valve element, downstream of which the fuel to be injected is carried into a mixture guidance channel of a mixture guidance tube and surrounded on all sides with air or exhaust gas for preparation immediately upon its entrance into the mixture guidance channel and injected via an injection opening into the intake tube. The mixture guidance channel may be embodied as tapering in conical fashion toward the injection opening. For the purpose of preliminary preparation of the fuel, secondary air or exhaust gas can already be delivered to the fuel before its entrance into the mixture guidance channel.

Abstract: A control device for Diesel engines is proposed in which a rapid shutoff of the engine can be effected by evacuating the suction chamber of the injection pump. The control device includes a supply pump and a reversal valve, which in a stop position connects the suction chamber with the intake side of the supply pump and connects the compression side of the supply pump with the fuel tank. A check valve is provided in the supply line between the supply pump and the fuel filter which, when closed, is vacuum-tight; this check valve is disposed to open toward the filter, counter to the force of a valve closing spring. Another check valve, comprising an overflow valve determining the suction chamber pressure, is provided in an overflow line leading from the suction chamber to the fuel tank; this overflow valve is also vacuum-tight when closed. When the reversal valve is actuated by an electromagnet, a similar key-actuated shutoff to that known in gasoline engines can also be effected in Diesel engines.

Abstract: A fuel injection nozzle having a valve needle opening outward is proposed in which the valve needle is suspended in place in the base of a spring plate embodied in the form of a cup.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine with externally supplied ignition is proposed, in which besides a main combustion chamber an ignition chamber is provided, which communicates with the main combustion chamber via a central discharge channel, which is disposed coaxially with the axis of the ignition chamber, and via additional discharge channels distributed about this discharge channel. Protruding into the coaxially disposed overflow channel is an electrode extending through the ignition chamber, this electrode being embodied as a heat pipe and forming a spark gap with the wall of the ignition chamber in the region of the overflow channel. As a result of its embodiment as a heat pipe, the electrode is protected against excessive heating and is simultaneously held to an optimal temperature.

Abstract: A piston made of an aluminum alloy has at least one piston ring groove defined by two side walls and a bottom wall. At least one preferably both side walls of the piston ring groove(s) are formed or defined by a zone, which has been hardened by an energy beam remelting process. The remelted zone may comprise alloy elements other than or more concentrated than the alloy elements comprised in the other portion of the piston, said additional alloy elements being introduced into said zone in the course of the remelting process. Each piston ring groove side wall may be formed by an individual remelted zone, or both sidewalls of a piston ring groove may be formed by the same remelted zone. The additional alloy elements may be applied in the form of a layer or a wire to the location of the surface of the piston, where subsequently a remelted zone is formed by the energy beam. The energy beam is preferably an electron beam, however, ion and laser beams may also be used.

Abstract: The nozzle body of a fuel injection nozzle comprises upper and lower portions which are secured together by welding. This connection is achieved by using the extremity of pin means on the valve needle as a centering element. The surfaces which cooperate with the valve needle at most only need to be equalized.

Abstract: An expansion sleeve for securing fastening elements, such as screws, into a wall, comprises a substantially cylindrical sleeve having an insertion end with a front portion adjacent said insertion end with an exterior surface tapering inwardly toward this end and with a plurality of outwardly extending sawtooth projections extending along the longitudinal length thereof adjacent this end. The expandable plug has a closed neck adjacent the opposite end and it includes at least one longitudinal slot and preferably one on each diametrical side extending along a substantial portion of its length from the insertion end to the solid cylindrical sleeve portion. A thickening strip extends longitudinally along preferably each diametric side on sides opposite to the slot sides and they are also provided with a series of longitudinally spaced sawtooth projections.

Abstract: A control apparatus for internal combustion engines is proposed, in which the adjustment range or the full-load position of a supply quantity adjustment member of the fuel metering apparatus is varied in accordance with the absolute pressure of the aspirated air in the suction tube of the engine in order to attain optimal combustion at the greatest possible torque. The control apparatus (FIG. 1) includes a pneumatic pressure converter and a pneumatic adjustment member. The pneumatic pressure converter, in a first pressure chamber, contains an evacuated diaphragm pressure box exposed to the aspirated air pressure (p.sub.L), which acts counter to a second diaphragm pressure box exposed in its interior to atmospheric air pressure (p.sub.A) and located in a second pressure chamber connected to a compressed air source. Both pressure boxes are connected via an actuation member supporting a valve member, and the valve member reduces the servo air pressure (p.sub.S) to a control air pressure (p.sub.

Abstract: A tractor transmission having an input shaft, a PTO system transmission shaft disposed thereunder, a gear-type speed change mechanism for changing the number of rotations of the input shaft, and oil reservoir. A gear in engagement with the gear in said gear-type speed change mechanism is rotatably disposed at said PTO system transmission shaft and blades are disposed at the boss of this first-mentioned gear. At least one side of each of said blades is opened toward said oil reservoir. Lubricating oil in said oil reservoir is utilized as resistance to the blades, thereby to stop the rotation of the gear-type speed change mechanism otherwise caused due to the force of inertia.

Abstract: A fuel control system for an internal combustion engine with correction for optimum values based on a variety of factors. Characteristic engine data is stored in preferably digital memories with capabilities for interpolation. Upon addressing the engine data fields with input signals related to current operational variables, for example the accelerator pedal position, the control system derives therefrom a nominal air flow rate which is used as the reference value in a control loop that sets the amount of recycled exhaust gas and the fresh air flow. As the actual air flow rate approaches the reference value, the fuel flow is adjusted to insure correct mixtures at all times. In another embodiment, the fuel is supplied on demand but cannot exceed a maximum value except under special override conditions. Several other embodiments and variants are presented.

Abstract: The invention relates to a fuel injection pump for internal combustion engines having an injection onset adjuster with which the injection onset is adjustable toward "early", for instance in accordance with temperature. In accordance with the invention this adjustment toward "early" is made possible especially in pumps having a load-dependent injection onset adjustment, which preferably exhibit a shift toward "late" up to full load.

Abstract: A method for operating a fuel-supply system using a lambda-control apparatus for an internal-combustion engine wherein the amount of fuel to be supplied to the internal combustion engine is a function of signals representing the speed (RPM), the engine load, the exhaust-composition, and the temperature of the exhaust-gas sensor together with the attainment of a given temperature of the engine as an additional control criteria for the lambda-control apparatus. The method further includes deriving a temperature signal from the internal combustion engine to operate a threshold element with a hystereses whose switching values lie at about 10.degree. C. and 50.degree. C. to 85.degree. C. for optimum fuel mixture in the combustion chamber. The output signal of the threshold element can be further utilized for a supplementary warm-up fuel enrichment for better ignition characteristics, engine smoothness, and exhaust gas composition.

Abstract: A device is proposed for the adjustment of a quantity-metering member of a fuel injection pump in an internal combustion engine with self-ignition, comprising an electric circuit arrangement for a control signal dependent on operating parameters, this signal inffluencing the position of the quantity-metering member via an electromagnetic servo unit wherein the electric circuit arrangement includes at least one series circuit made up of a minimum value selection stage, a maximum value selection stage, and a servo unit controller for the quantity-metering member and the output signals of at least two set-point stages for, in particular, the speed, the smoke limit, equalization, and exhaust gas temperature can be fed to the minimum value selection stage with the maximum value selection stage additionally coupled to a start control stage. In addition to the use of the device as a total controller, i.e.

Abstract: A field tank-vehicle has a large reservoir for holding water or plant nutrients in water solution and/or suspension, and a plurality of relatively small auxiliary containers for holding water solutions and/or suspensions of herbicides, insecticides, hormones and other soil-treating chemicals. The apparatus includes vehicle-speed-responsive means for insuring uniform mixture application, and positive-action pumps for each feed line to insure accurate metering of each liquid to a mixer in the main line leading to a conventional sprayer boom. Each pump is driven from the vehicle-speed-responsive means by a variable-ratio speed-changer for metering the several liquids being combined, in desired proportions.

Abstract: A propulsion system for an aircraft having a fuselage and a wing with two nacelles disposed on opposite sides of the fuselage, each of the nacelles having a turbo fan therein with drive means connected thereto for air flow through the nacelle from a forward air inlet to air exit openings, the air flow within the nacelle divided into twi air streams, one of the air-streams being directed downwardly through a variable area forward chin nozzle provided with a cascade of vanes for directing the outflow in a desired direction with the other air stream exhausted through an aft nozzle of variable area at the aft outlet opening against a slotted flap system mounted aft of the aft nozzle against which the outflow from the aft nozzle is directed so that the two air streams provide pitch, roll and yaw control as well as balanced lift and propulsion utilizing controlled thrust modulation and vectoring for all regimes of flight from vertical takeoff and landing (VTOL) or short takeoff and landing (STOL) or a combination o

Abstract: An apparatus for the temperature control of a resistor used for measurement purposes, in particular, in combination with air flow rate measurement purposes, in particular, in combination with air flow rate measuring devices in internal combustion engines for a vehicle wherein the temperature of the resistor with current flowing through it is regulated during the measurement phase and in particular, operational states of the system provided with the apparatus and/or at particular times, the flow of current through the resistor is increased for the purpose of burning off dirt particles, which would falsify the measurement result, from the surface of the resistor which is formed, for example, as a hot wire. The apparatus includes a memory for picking up a signal such as whether a particular engine temperature is present at the beginning of one operational cycle or not and when this temperature is present, a red-hot heating procedure is omitted when the engine is subsequently turned off.

Abstract: A signal selection system, including a plurality of detection circuits having inputs receiving respective direct voltage signals and outputs connected to a scan bus. Each detector circuit includes an operational amplifier having a non-inverting input receiving one of the direct voltage signals, an inverting input connected to the scan bus, and an output connected via a diode to the scan bus, so that the scan bus is maintained at essentially the highest or lowest signal of the signals being scanned, depending on the orientation of the detector circuit diodes. The system includes a plurality of indicators, associated respectively with the detector circuit diodes, for indicating whenever the associated diode is forward-biased, and an alarm circuit connected to the scan bus for indicating whenever the scan bus voltage exceeds a maximum value if the signal being detected is the highest signal, or whenever the scan bus voltage is less than a minimum value if the signal being detected is the lowest signal.

Abstract: A fuel injection valve and a method for manufacturing the fuel injection valve serving to inject easily vaporized fuels are proposed in which the fuel injection valve includes a closing body that controls the fuel outlet and is subjected to a closing force and a nozzle holder secured on the internal combustion engine or on the suction tube. A nozzle body is displaceable within the nozzle holder against a shaped disc until such time as the closing spring supported in the inner area on the shaped disc has an initial stress which corresponds to the valve opening pressure force.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electromagnetically actuatable valve, which serves in particular to inject fuel into the suction tube of mixture-compressing internal combustion engines having externally supplied ignition. The valve includes a flat armature which is firmly connected with a movable valve element, embodied as a ball which cooperates with a fixed valve seat. The flat armature is provided on its side remote from the valve seat with recesses into which spring tongues formed from a remnant air disc protrude, resting under the influence of voltage on the flat armature and guiding it in parallel fashion.