Abstract: An ignition chamber device is described which has an elongated, rotationally symmetrical form. The wall of the ignition chamber which protrudes into the main combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine has a coaxial overflow conduit embodied by a nozzle and radially extending discharge conduits which extend into the annular chamber which surrounds the nozzle. The ignition chamber is provided with an ignition device which has a central electrode that leads from the outside into the interior and by means of this central electrode the ignition voltage is carried via a conductor path, disposed in the wall, to a wall location opposite the nozzle, from where the ignition spark can leap the gap. A heat pipe is disposed in the nozzle and includes a portion arranged in close proximity to the cylinder wall, which prevents the ignition chamber from becoming overheated and on the other hand also enables the inflowing mixture to be heated up in optimal fashion on the way to the ignition location.

Abstract: A fuel injection pump provided with an outwardly opening valve needle, on the valve needle head of which there is disposed an injection cone, tapered in the direction of the fuel flow in extension of a cylindrical section of the needle head, for the purpose of shaping the injection jet.

Abstract: A device is proposed for regulating the fuel-air ratio in the operating mixture of an internal combustion engine and for monitoring the operational readiness of a .lambda. sensor controlling the regulating device and functioning by the principle of ion conduction in solid electrolytes. The .lambda. sensor has an adjustable, constant reference voltage switched opposite to it. The reference voltage approximately equals the average sensor output voltage. The level of the resultant voltage, which is established with the aid of the resultant current and has values located symmetrically with respect to the reference voltage, is monitored by comparator devices. The output signal of the comparator devices is logically processed and furnishes a signal as to the operational readiness of the sensor.

Abstract: The invention involves a cell which may be used for producing molten aluminum by electrolysis of aluminum oxide in a molten bath. The cell includes a cathode and an anode, a bar and a hanger. The bar is connected at an upper end to the hanger and at a lower end to the anode. Flexible means is provided for supplying electrical current through the bar to the anode. A jack means raises and lowers the hanger and thus the anode. Included in the invention, the hanger is mounted at at least two separated points, one higher than the other, in encompassing, sliding relationship, on a single, upright, circular cross-sectioned post passing through the hanger. By this technique, the hanger is constrained to move up and down, without rotation about horizontal axes.

Abstract: An rpm governor is proposed, in which intervention into the regulation process can be made directly via a magnet, so that the degree of proportionality, particularly with isostatic governors, can be lowered to a minimum.

Abstract: A flow rate meter is proposed which serves to ascertain the quantity of a flowing medium, in particular the quantity of air aspirated via an air intake tube by an internal combustion engine. The flow rate meter includes a measuring body which is pivotable counter to a restoring force about a bearing shaft supported in the housing in accordance with the quantity of the medium flowing therethrough. The flow rate meter further includes a damping body which is likewise pivotable about the bearing shaft and defines a damping chamber in the form of a movable wall, with respect to the flow conduit. The measuring body and the damping body are coupled rigidly to one another by means of crosspieces. The invention comprehends embodiments wherein either the damping body or the measuring body is directly connected with a hub held in a rotationally fixed manner on the bearing shaft.

Abstract: A regulator shaft, rotary centrifugal weights, and a governor member which is slidable on the regulator shaft, are arranged in a pressurized, fuel-filled inner chamber of a fuel injection apparatus. The centrifugal weights engage regulator springs via the governor member and a control sleeve. The governor member is closed adjacent the free end of the regulator shaft except for a throttle opening for communication with the inner chamber. The governor member is provided with a work chamber, one extremity of which is limited by the regulator shaft. A conduit leading to a fuel tank communicates with the work chamber. A magnetic valve connected to an electronic control device for control of the fuel flow is provided in the conduit. Opening the magnetic valve causes a pressure drop in the work chamber which in turn causes the governor member to press against the centrifugal weights, thus enhancing the fuel injection quantity so as to reduce deviations from those desired and pre-set.

Abstract: A regulating device is described for regulating or adjusting the composition of the operating mixture of an internal combustion engine. When the engine or exhaust gas probe is still cold, the composition of the fuel-air mixture is controlled in an open-loop manner, and upon the attainment of a minimum operating temperature, the closed-loop regulating device for influencing the fuel-air mixture is activated. The activation of the regulating device is effected, when the engine is being operated under a load, after the attainment of a first, low temperature value; during engine idling, this is effected after the attainment of a second, higher temperature value. Via the throttle valve, a switchover is effected between two threshold values of a threshold switch.

Abstract: A safety device is included in a circuit comprising a power source and a user device. The power source has one terminal connected to ground, as does the user device, with the safety device connected in a conducting path leading to the ground in the user device. In the event of an incorrect polarity connection between the power source and user device, a current path through the safety device and to ground is established.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus are proposed for regulating and attaining an anti-overload means in turbochargers and in internal combustion engines equipped therewith, serving in cost-favorable embodiment both in Otto (gasoline) engines and in Diesel engines to limit the air throughput of the engine in accordance with the engine speed and to provide that neither the turbocharger, as a result of exceeding its limit rpm, nor the engine can be endangered if the engine exceeds the permissible compression and combustion pressure. In summary, the intent is to attain a favorable adjustment of the exhaust turbocharger over the entire rpm range of the internal combustion engine. To this end, the exhaust gas quantity delivered to the exhaust turbocharger is controlled in accordance with the throughput, that is, in accordance with the air quantity delivered to the engine, with the aid of a bypass line.

Abstract: A method is proposed for the closed-loop control of the composition of the operational mixture furnished an internal combustion engine, in which the location of the peak combustion chamber pressure is ascertained relative to top dead center during sequential work cycles and a control signal is formed from the fluctuations in the occurrance of the peak combustion chamber pressure from top dead center, by means of which control signal a permissible extent of fluctuation is established by means of influencing components of the operational mixture or the ignition angle.

Abstract: The invention relates to a fuel injection pump wherein the fuel delivery to the engine is interrupted by means of a magnet. To this end, the magnet engages the governor lever at least indirectly, the governor lever is also arranged to engage the rpm governor of the fuel injection pump and further being coupled in a force-locking manner with the fuel quantity contorl member.

Abstract: A fuel injection system for supercharged internal combustion engines is proposed, which serves to meter a quantity of fuel adapted to the quantity of air aspirated by the engine and also serves to regulate the fuel-air mixture in accordance with operating characteristics of the engine. The fuel injection system includes an air flow rate member, the restoring force of which is generated by means of pressure fluid in a control pressure line. The pressure of the pressure fluid in the control pressure line is variable in accordance with at least one pressure control valve, by means of which the pressure in the control line and thus the restoring force exerted upon the air flow rate member, which actuates a control slide of a metering and distribution valve assembly, can be reduced when the intake tube pressure downstream of a compressor increases. The result is that an undesirable leaning down of the fuel-air mixture caused by the error in air density can be corrected.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electromagnetically actuatable valve, which serves in particular to inject fuel into the intake tube of mixture-compressing internal combustion engines having externally supplied ignition. The valve includes a flat armature which is firmly connected with a movable valve member which cooperates with a fixed valve seat and embodied as a ball element. The flat armature is pivotably supported on its side remote from the valve seat or on the side oriented toward the valve seat on a spring tongue preferably embodied out of a remnant air disc. The one-sided fixation of the flat armature on the spring tongue assures an unequivocal up-or-down movement of the flat armature.

Abstract: An electromagnet is proposed which is intended in particular for controlling a fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines. The electromagnetic includes a flat armature and a magnetic winding applied to a shell core of ferromagnetic material. In order to minimize the spatial dimensions of the magnetic circuit and to improve the rapidity of operation of the electromagnet, the quotient A/l.sub.m, where A is the window surface area of the shell core and l.sub.m is the average winding length of the magnetic coil, is selected to be as small as possible. Furthermore, the magnetic circuit is embodied such that at the onset of the attracting movement of the flat armature, a magnetic induction B which is approximately 70% of the saturation induction prevails in the vicinity of the two axially acting air gaps, which have magnetic surface areas, A.sub.1, A.sub.2 of approximately equal size.

Abstract: An adjustment device having a servomotor and arranged for rotary angle adjustment is proposed. The rotary portion is connected via a shaft with a throttle device which controls the cross section of a bypass line bypassing a throttle valve disposed in the intake tube of an internal combustion engine. The adjustment device is axially limited on one end by a cap, which is embodied as a cast part together with a portion of the bypass line. The throttle device is embodied as a rotary slide and with a control portion transversely penetrates the cap and the bypass with the control portion arranged to open the bypass to a greater or lesser extent depending on the position of the rotary slide. Between an armature of the servomotor and the rotary slide, a sealing disc is loosely guided on the shaft. As a result of a pressure drop at the sealing disc, the sealing disc can be pressed against a sealing face of the cap in order to keep the leakage air quantity as small as possible.

Abstract: A fuel injection pump is proposed wherein the idling rpm is influenced with the injection time adjustment via a linkage. The increased starting quantity can also be controlled along with this via an additional apparatus. The adjustment can be made in particular in accordance with engine temperature via a thermostatic servomotor.

Abstract: A fuel injection apparatus for externally ignited internal combustion gas engines is proposed. The fuel injection apparatus comprises an intake pipe in which an air flow meter and a throttle valve are provided. The fuel quantity injected into the intake pipe via an injection valve is controlled by the air flow meter. To prepare the combustible mixture of injected fuel and air, a preparation air line branches off from the intake pipe between the air flow meter and the throttle valve. This preparation air line discharges into the injection valve. A throttle is provided in the preparation air line. A full-load air line discharges into the preparation air line between the throttle and injection valve. A shut-off valve is provided in the full-load air line, said shut-off valve being completely open at least during the full-load operation of the combustion engine, allowing additional air flow into the preparation air line, which air is drawn from the intake pipe upstream of the air flow meter.

Abstract: A control apparatus is proposed for a fuel metering system of an internal combustion engine having at least one additively functioning warmup enrichment circuit. The apparatus is characterized in that the additive enrichment can be reduced during overrunning. The purpose of this feature is to maintain the cleanest possible exhaust gas even during the warmup phase during overrunning. This is attained, for instance, by means of a logical linkage of an overrunning recognition signal and the output signal of an additively functioning correction circuit for the metering signal.

Abstract: The invention relates to a fuel injection pump with a hydraulic governor and a hydraulic means of governing the onset of injection. The pressure controlled per se in proportion to the rpm is governed in accordance with load in slightly less than proportional fashion. The load-dependent control takes place by means of the adjusting piston of the hydraulic governor, which controls the cross section of a relief channel.