Abstract: A fuel injection valve which serves in low-pressure fuel systems to inject fuel into the intake tube of a mixture-compressing internal combustion engine having externally-supplied ignition. The fuel injection valve includes a fixed valve seat cooperating with a movable valve element. Downstream of the valve seat, the fuel to be injected proceeds by way of a nozzle into a mixture guidance conduit, which communicates in the immediate vicinity of the nozzle with an intake passage downstream of a throttle valve of the intake passage. Likewise discharging at the mouth of the mixture guidance conduit into the intake passage is an annular conduit surrounding the mixture guidance conduit. Preparation air or exhaust gas can be delivered by way of this annular conduit in such a way that it envelops the injected fuel on all sides. The end of the annular conduit discharging into the intake tube is embodied as a throttle restriction.

Abstract: A multistage change-speed apparatus for a tractor has a running-travel-system change-speed gearing apparatus, a planetary gearing reduction apparatus operatively connected to that apparatus, an intermediary transmission shaft driven by this apparatus, a speed-reduction shaft disposed beneath that shaft, a bevel pinion shaft disposed in parallel with this shaft, an auxiliary change-speed gearing apparatus disposed between these two shafts, and a differential operatively connected to that apparatus. The planetary gearing reduction apparatus is shiftable between the operative state and the inoperative state.

Abstract: A method of making a flexible hose comprising a hose main body formed from a rubber strip wound into helical coils rigidly joined together and a linear reinforcement of rigid resin disposed in contact with the strip in a manner to have a thickness between the reinforcement and the inner surface of the helically wound strip. The reinforcement is bonded to the integral homogeneous rubber portion of the strip.

Abstract: An apparatus is proposed for driving electromagnetic devices, in particular electromagnetic injection valves in internal combustion engines. The apparatus includes a signal source for actuating pulses and is characterized in that at least one timing circuit is provided for advanced magnetization, preferably dependent on operating characteristics, of the electromagnetic device. The apparatus achieves the most linear possible relationship between the duration of the actuating pulse and, for example, the opening time of the injection valve. In this manner, the fuel quantity to be supplied to the internal combustion engine can be more precisely dosed and the operational behavior of the engine can be made optimal.

Abstract: The invention relates to a spinning or twisting machine with a plurality of upright textile spindles, wherein the spindle shaft of each textile spindle is coaxially firmly attached to the rotor shaft of an electromotor and wherein the housing of the electromotor includes upper and lower bearing brackets that are disposed on a spindle rail and for the purpose of simple and precise centering of the electromotor housing these bearing brackets are radially adjustable on the spindle rail independently of one another.

Abstract: A fuel injection pump for an internal combustion engine including a low pressure sump and a sump piston, reciprocating in a cylinder, for imparting elevated pressure to the fuel for delivery to injection valves. The pressure chamber in the pump cylinder can be opened to the sump at some adjustable point of the piston stroke to limit fuel delivery. A secondary conduit between the pressure chamber and the sump includes a flow throttle that variably restricts the return flow of fuel as adjusted by fluid pressure which is regulated by a secondary fuel control mechanism. This mechanism is subject to closed-loop control via an air flow rate meter disposed in the induction tube and also acts as a limiting stop for the baffle plate of the air flow rate meter.

Abstract: A bearingless rotor system has a flexible strap member to which the root of a rotor blade is attached, and a pitch rod aligned with the pitch axis and mounted to the rotor blade root and to a pitch arm, which arm transmits control system variations by way of a pitch link to the pitch rod. Tapered shoes are disposed adjacent the surfaces of the strap and are capable of applying a restoring force to the strap in opposition to flexural displacements of the strap member.

Abstract: An apparatus is proposed which serves the purpose of mixture formation for internal combustion engines, in particular mixture-compressing engines with externally supplied ignition. The apparatus includes an air flow rate meter, which has at least one control body opening the intake tube cross section to a greater or lesser extent in accordance with the air flow to the cylinders, the deflection of which control body directly controls a fuel metering valve. The fuel metering valve is disposed on the end of the control body and extends in a direction pointing in opposition to that of the air flow and is embodied as a needle valve having a metering needle and a metering opening. The metered fuel can be ejected directly downstream of the fuel metering valve via one or more nozzle openings.

Abstract: Power steering system for motor vehicles is proposed, in particular intended for the lower velocity range, which includes a measurement transducer for the steering direction in close relationship with a piston-cylinder unit, which acts simultaneously as the steering damper and as the auxiliary-force apparatus. The measurement transducer may also be integrated in the piston of this unit. The control of the hydraulic medium for the piston-cylinder unit takes place preferably via three-position valves due to desired throttling, in accordance with velocity, of the return flow at a particular time.

Abstract: A method is proposed in which the injection pump, having been adjusted in terms of the supply quantity and of the supply onset, is provided on a test bench, before being mounted on the internal combustion engine, with an electric pulse transducer, whose mounted position is marked on the injection pump. The pump may also be corrected, at a fixed test rpm, to a set-point value fixed relative to the supply onset signal by means of measuring the signal distance between the supply onset signal of a signal transducer measuring the dynamic supply onset and the rotary-position signal of the pulse transducer. The injection pump, with the camshaft rotated into the rotary position associated with the dynamic supply onset, is mounted on the engine which has been brought with its crankshaft into the associated working position.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus are proposed for sterilizing containers before they are filled, with which it is possible to subject heat-sensitive containers to sterilization by a heating medium. While the interior of the containers is subjected to heated vapor, the exterior of the containers is cooled, so that in the wall of the containers the overall temperature of the wall is kept so low that deformation is avoided. To provide such cooling, either a cooling element complemental in shape to the outer contour of the containers, or a coolant-spray device, may be used.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for atomizing and burning liquid fuels, according to which a primary gas is introduced into a vortex sink flow having a light swirl and entering the combustion space in the region of its sink through an opening in a front surface. The swirl of the vortex sink flow is so great that it will hug the front surface as a wall jet due to the Coanda effect while the swirl is maintained. The fuel is introduced into at least one region of the swirling flow where a good atomizing effect exists.

Abstract: A heating device for use in motor vehicles to rapidly heat combustion chambers, exhaust gas sensors, catalyzers and other associated apparatus. A resistive heating element is connected in series with a low-impedance measuring resistor and a switch across a power source, while a resistance bridge is formed with the aid of two further resistors. The diagonal bridge voltages are compared in a comparator whose output actuates a control circuit which operates the heater switch. The heater switch also provides the power for the comparator. In a first interval, constant current is applied to the heating element, while the current is pulsed during a second time interval. The switch control pulses may be provided by a free-running oscillator or one whose pulses are synchronized with the undulations of the engine starter current.

Abstract: A flow rate meter is proposed which serves to ascertain the quantity of a flowing medium particularly the quantity of air aspirated by an internal combustion engine via an air intake tube. The flow rate meter includes a measuring device pivotable in a flow channel about a support shaft downstream of which measuring device the flow channel is suddenly enlarged at several zones in order to reduce the measurement error at a maximal flow rate of the medium.

Abstract: An apparatus for fuel metering, in particular supplementary fuel metering, in an externally ignited internal combustion engine by means of a special metering device, in particular an injection valve, wherein the special metering device is triggerable at least from time to time with pulses under special operating conditions such as cold starting, hot starting, or acceleration, or in order to enable emergency operation of the internal combustion engine. To this end, the apparatus comprises, besides the special metering device, a stroke transducer, which depending on the special operating state to be controlled, is connected with the output of the starting switch or with the output of the driving switch of the internal combustion engine or of the vehicle.

Abstract: A method is proposed which serves to produce a valve needle of a needle valve. The basis of the method is the production, from a wire serving as the raw material, of a springlike coil on a carrier body, where the adjacent courses of the coil rest on one another, and this coil applied to the carrier body is provided on its circumference with a predetermined contour by grinding on a grinding machine. After the grinding, the individual courses of the coil, forming the individual valve needles, are separated. The wire serving as the raw material and the valve needles after separation of the courses of the coil can be subjected in a suitable manner to a heat treatment. In a simple and inexpensive manner, the method assures the production of curved valve needles with precise dimensions.

Abstract: A furnace for treating sewage sludge, ash from municipal incinerators or other industrial wastes by melting the waste with a high-temperature bed formed from a combustible carbonaceous material for the reuse of the resulting molten product, for example, as aggregate. A gas for combustion is supplied to the bed at an intermediate portion between its upper and lower portions while causing the resulting combustion gas to flow through the bed dividedly upward and downward.

Abstract: An anti-locking apparatus is proposed which is intended for a hydraulic brake system having a foot-actuated brake control valve and is intended for use in passenger vehicles. The brake control valve permits pressure medium to flow from a pressure source to the primary side of a hydraulic main cylinder, which is associated with a central switching valve embodied as a 3/2-way valve and at least one 2/2-way valve for the purpose of controlling the anti-locking function. The secondary side of the main cylinder, or in two-brake circuits, the main cylinders, is associated with a check valve device by way of which the secondary side can be relieved when the check valve device is opened after the switchover of the central switching valve. In this manner, the functioning of the anti-locking apparatus is improved because it is possible to perform the pressure reduction down to the level of atmospheric pressure. This is important at low road adhesion values.

Abstract: Apparatus for measuring the amount of fuel supplied by a fluid supply device wherein a throttle element is inserted in a supply line to a supply device having an apportioning cross-section wherein a constant pressure differential is maintained by means of a pressure comparison device in which the comparison results in an adjustment of the throttle element and whereby the cross-section or the position of the throttle element provides a measurement of the amount of fluid flowing through the supply line which can be transformed into a desirable and useful control value.