Abstract: A housed valve which serves to control the flow therethrough of a medium is disclosed. The valve comprises a control member which projects into a flow-through aperture and is supported flexibly and elastically on a guide wire attached to the housing. The guide wire may be made of steel wire, and the support in a fixed relationship with the housing may be such that the axial position of the control member with respect to the flow-through aperture can be influenced in accordance with temperature.

Abstract: A dome-shaped diaphragm for loudspeakers comprising a substrate fabric of synthetic fiber, a poly-urethane elastomer film for giving airtightness to the substrate fabric, and a viscoelastic resin adhesive adhering the fabric and the film together.

Abstract: A closed-loop control of the instant of ignition is proposed, in which, with the aid of an ionic current sensor, the end of the ignition phase of an operational mixture of an internal combustion engine is ascertained as an actual value and the instant of ignition is corrected in accordance with the deviation of this actual value from a set-point value relating to the crankshaft angle. In this manner, the instant of ignition in externally ignited internal combustion engines, or the instant of injection in compression ignition engines, can be optimized by simple means, without expensive adjusting devices for the ignition angle or for the instant of injection. In addition, it is possible with a closed-loop control of this kind to perform an optimal adaptation of the ignition to varying peripheral circumstances such as the thermal status of the engine, characteristics of the fuel and of the combustion air, engine wear, and so forth.

Abstract: The maximum speed in an internal combustion engine is limited by circuitry which can be adjusted to conditions requiring a lower-than-normal top speed, for example during initial delivery to the customer and during the break-in period of the engine. The top speed limiter includes a comparator for suppressing or altering the fuel injection pulses. As a feature of the invention, the reference signal applied to the comparator and representing the top engine speed can be changed either manually or on the basis of elapsed time or mileage.

Abstract: A gas purification system has: a first treatment apparatus, which purifies an untreated feed gas, containing toxic ingredients such as HCN gas, H.sub.2 S gas and NH.sub.3 gas, into a primary treated gas by causing the feed gas to contact with an alkaline absorbent liquid; an absorbent-liquid-resuscitation apparatus, which refreshes the absorbent liquid, after absorbing the toxic ingredients, by bubblingly introducing a resuscitation gas; and a second treatment apparatus, which further purifies the primary treated gas into a secondary treated gas by strippingly capturing any possible remnant NH.sub.3 gas still present in the former. The resuscitation gas and the toxic-ingredient-absorbed absorbent liquid are forcibly converged by premix nozzles into combined gas/liquid jets as are injected into the absorbent-liquid-resuscitation apparatus.

Abstract: An apparatus is proposed for controlling an exhaust recirculation device in internal combustion engines, in which a throttle device in an exhaust recirculation line is opened on the condition that the position of the load-adjusting lever of a fuel injection pump associated with the engine falls below a maximum load position and that the adjusting member of an rpm governor of the fuel injection pump is below a predetermined deflection position and/or is operated above a lower rpm value. With an embodiment of this kind, the control of exhaust recirculation quantities can be performed in a simple and functionally reliable manner for the various operational points of the engine with the greatest possible approximation of the permissible values.

Abstract: An anti skid system for a wheeled vehicle, in which each of the two wheels on opposite sides of a vehicle axle is equipped with an independent brake pressure control system, each of which includes a wheel speed transducer, a processor and a brake force control valve assembly. In order to prevent the occurrence of yawing moments when the road surface adhesion coefficients are different for the two wheels, the control channels are interconnected in such a way that when one of the wheels exhibits a tendency to lock up, the rate of increase of the braking pressure in the opposite wheel is reduced. This reduction may be prevented if the other wheel also exhibits a tendency to lock up.

Abstract: A fuel injection pump having a hydraulic injection onset adjustment apparatus is proposed, in which a supplementary variation of the injection onset is obtained by means of the variation in pressure deviating from proportionality. This variation is obtained by means of varying a relief channel of a work chamber of the injection adjusting system. The cross-sectional variation is effected in accordance with the hydraulic pressure of the supply pump as well as an adjusting member which varies the initial stress of the restoring spring of the control valve.

Abstract: A tractor for agriculture comprising an engine, a hydraulic stepless speed change mechanism having an output shaft, an input shaft connecting the engine with the hydraulic stepless speed change mechanism and having an extended portion, a PTO shaft connected in association with the extended portion, a running device, a transmission shaft connected in association with the output shaft, and a transmission change mechanism disposed at an intermediate portion of the transmission shaft, said transmission change mechanism being connectable and disconnectable of power transmission from the output shaft to the running device and capable of power transmission from the extended portion to the running device when said power transmission from the output shaft to the running device is cut. The tractor may be running even if the hydraulic stepless speed change mechanism is in trouble.

Abstract: A device is proposed for burnoff of a measuring resistor, in particular a hot wire or hot film in the air flow rate meter of an internal combustion engine, wherein the occurrence of the burnoff procedures, their intensity, and their duration can be controlled in open-loop fashion. Primarily the initiation of a burnoff procedure is made dependent upon how often the driving or ignition circuit of a vehicle equipped with the engine is shut off. The initiation of the procedure can be controlled in addition in accordance with operational characteristics, for instance. The realization substantially includes a counter following the driving switch and having an associated comparator, wherein the threshold value of this comparator is controllable both in accordance with operational characteristics and, if needed, in accordance with time. Furthermore a timing element is provided with the aid of which the onset of a burnoff procedure can be delayed after the shutoff of the engine.

Abstract: A noise damping device is proposed for reducing and smoothing pressure fluctuations in a damping medium, especially in fuel supplied by fuel supply pumps, which serves to reduce pressure fluctuations downstream of the fuel supply pump. The noise damping device includes a diaphragm fluctuation damper which is disposed directly downstream of the pump compression collar and by means of which, by rotating the diaphragm fluctuation damper, an annular fitting is fixable in its axial position between the diaphragm fluctuation damper and the pump compression collar. A check valve in the connection extension of the diaphragm fluctuation damper or in the annular fitting prevents the return flow of fuel out of the fuel circulatory system after the termination of fuel supply.

Abstract: A fuel supply system is proposed for mixture-compressing internal combustion engines having externally supplied ignition. The fuel supply system includes an air intake tube delimited by an air filter, the air intake tube having a conical section downstream of which an arbitrarily actuatable throttle device is disposed. Associated with the conical section of the air intake tube is an air bypass line in which an air flow rate meter provided with a temperature-dependent resistor is disposed. The quantity aspirated by the engine is determined by this air flow rate meter. A fuel injection valve is disposed in such a manner that on one side it protrudes into the interior of the air filter and on the other side, with a slender mouthpiece, it protrudes approximately through the conical section. The fuel can be injected into the gap between the throttle device and the air intake tube wall by means of this mouthpiece. The fuel supply system according to the invention has a very low structural height.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine is provided with an ion current sensor in the exhaust conduit. The sensor may be simply a spark plug across which is applied the vehicle battery voltage. The operation of the engine at various values of mixture composition yields characteristic curves for the ion current and for the fluctuations in the ion current as a function of the air number. These characteristic data are used to provide set point values against which the prevailing ion current is compared. If a set point value is exceeded, the fuel-air mixture is adjusted accordingly by an integral controller.

Abstract: An assembly for cleaning ships' hulls of such marine growth as seaweed, shell etc. is disclosed. The assembly has a frame with rotating brushes, the frame being reciprocally pivotal over the hull in an arcuate direction by being connected to one end of an arm or the like. The other end of the arm is pivotally connected to a joint which forms a stationary point for the assembly.

Abstract: A valve comprising an elastically flexible diaphragm and an annular stopper, the stopper being adapted to control shifting and flexion of the diaphragm under fluid pressure when the valve is closed in such a manner that the stopper abuts against the diaphragm intermediately between a part thereof contacting a valve diaphragm seat and a part thereof connected to a valve closure member.

Abstract: A device is proposed for measuring the mass of a flowing medium, in particular for measuring the aspirated air mass in internal combustion engines, which has a temperature-dependent resistor disposed in the flow of the medium, the temperature and/or resistance of which is controlled in accordance with the mass of the medium, the control variable serving as a standard for the mass of the medium. The temperature-dependent resistor is embodied as a hot strip or hot wire guided over at least three support points. In order to improve the measurement precision of the hot strip or hot wire and reduce the deposition of dust thereon, the hot element is provided at an inclination relative to the flow direction of the medium.

Abstract: A fuel injection system is proposed which serves to supply fuel to a mixture-compressing, externally ignited internal combustion engine. The fuel injection system includes an air flow rate member, which actuates a metering and distribution valve. A reservoir is disposed in a pressure control line which branches off from a fuel supply line, by means of which reservoir a flushing valve can be affected in such a manner that below a certain fuel pressure in the pressure control line the flushing valve is opened, as a result of which the fuel supplied to the individual injection valves can flow back through outflow lines to the fuel tank and thus closes the flushing valve above the certain fuel pressure. Above the certain fuel pressure, the electrical circuit of the starter motor is simultaneously closed. Thus, upon starting the engine, all the lines and units of the fuel injection system are filled with fuel, so that a secure start is assured.

Abstract: Safety apparatus for a motor vehicle electric consumer having a temperature-dependent internal resistance, which includes a temperature indicating circuit for providing a signal which accurately indicates the consumer temperature to a threshold switch which actuates a switching device to interrupt current flow through the consumer whenever the consumer temperature exceeds a predetermined maximum value. The temperature indicating circuit either may be a consumer resistance measuring circuit such as a bridge circuit including the consumer in one leg thereof, or may be a consumer temperature replicating circuit, connected in parallel with the consumer, such as a special RC network. The switching device either may be a switch connected in series with the consumer, or a switch connected in parallel with the consumer, in which case the apparatus also includes an overcurrent device connected in series with the parallel combination of the switch and the consumer.

Abstract: A fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine includes electromagnetic injection valves controlled by a fuel control unit which receives signals from a camshaft actuated switch, a position-dependent throttle transducer and an oxygen sensor. When the oxygen sensor changes output levels, the transmission of this information is delayed, by the action of a switching transistor controlled by a monostable multivibrator, for a period of time equal to the internal time constant of the multivibrator.