Abstract: An air-cleaning cartridge for treating respiration air with a chemical as a packing, whose housing wall consists at least partially of an expandable, elastic material, is to be improved such that the size can be increased in a controlled manner prior to filling with the chemical, in order to achieve a reproducible contracting force of the expanded housing and in order to prolong the ready-to-use storage time of the cartridge. To achieve this, a pressure connection 7, through which a compressed gas can be introduced into the housing designed as a film bag 1, 1' in order to expand it to a predetermined volume, can be connected to one of the connections 2. The chemical 5 is filled from the filling chamber 3 into the pressurized, expanded film bag 1. After releasing the internal pressure into the atmosphere, the film bag tightly surrounds the packing introduced on all sides (Figure).

Abstract: The invention provides a vertical internal combustion engine with overhead valves wherein a crankshaft is vertically arranged and the cylinder is horizontally arranged. A carburetor is arranged on one side of the cylinder and a muffler is arranged on another side of the cylinder, opposite the carburetor. A suction port is connected to the carburetor by a horizontal straight line portion and a curved portion, leading from the horizontal straight line portion to a suction valve. The horizontal straight line portion includes a center line and the carburetor includes a center which is substantially aligned with the center line of the horizontal straight line portion, along a straight line. The exhaust port is connected to the muffler by an exhaust passage having a center line which passes through the center of the exhaust port and crosses the center line of the horizontal straight line portion, diagonally from below.

Abstract: The shock absorber of the present invention is provided with a piston which has a damping force generating mechanism and which partitions the interior of a cylinder into a rod-side chamber and a piston-side chamber; a piston rod with the piston mounted thereto, the piston rod being moved into and out of the cylinder, a base valve provided at an open end of the piston-side chamber in the cylinder; and an outer shell having a constant wall thickness throughout the overall length thereof and enclosing the outside of the cylinder to form a reservoir chamber. The outer periphery of a lower end portion of the outer shell is supported by a knuckle bracket, and a bottomed cylinder, having a cylindrical portion which cooperates with the thin-walled outer shell, is fitted in the lower end portion of the outer shell along the inner periphery thereof. In this state, the bottomed cylinder is welded together with the outer shell and the knuckle bracket.

Abstract: To absorb thermal expansions and relative movements, as well as to transmit torques, compensators, which are provided with an overtensioning device, are installed between the tuyere connections of a blast furnace and the hot-blast circulating duct. During the regular replacement of expendable parts of the tuyere connection, at least the elbow (4) must be removed as well, so that the intermediate pipe section (5) lined with refractory material will hang freely on the compensator (1). To achieve short replacement times, the compensator (1) is fixed according to the present invention by means of a locking device, and again disengaged on completion of the maintenance work. The locking device includes two flat bars (6), which are rigidly connected at the upper compensator flange (7). Threaded bolts (9), which extend into the flat bars (6) through openings (12), are fastened at the lower compensator flange (8).

Abstract: Test tube for biological analyses, and in particular for blood tests such as erythrocyte sedimentation rate, provided with a device making it possible to perform a photometric inspection of the test tube with a relative movement between the optical system and the test tube (1), the latter being between the emitter (E) and the receiver (R) of said system; the test tube possesses--externally on the base--a device in the form of an optical prism (5) that induces a sudden change in the direction of the light beam emitted by the emitter so that it briefly is unable to reach the receiver.

Abstract: A metering device for a liquid anesthetic that is fed from a reservoir via a supply line into a heatable intermediate container maintained under pressure, from which gaseous anesthetic is fed via a metering valve into a fresh gas line. Accurate metering, which can be better monitored, is provided for low-boiling anesthetics. A supply unit 7 is mounted in the supply line 5, and liquid anesthetic is transported by the supply unit 7 into the intermediate container 6 until it is filled up to a predetermined filling level. A heating device 12 stabilizes the temperature of the liquid bath and ensures a sufficiently high vapor pressure of the gaseous anesthetic above the liquid phase. The anesthetic vapor is sent via the metering valve into the fresh gas line.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for making a cast or measurement of a patient's foot while the leg of the patient is held substantially vertical. A center line is drawn on the back of the patient's leg along a longitudinal axis of the leg. The leg is then placed in a box with a transparent side and this transparent side has a substantially vertical line. The center line on the leg is aligned with the substantially vertical line on the box and then measurements or a cast of the foot is taken.

Abstract: An exhaust gas cleaning device for diesel engines has an exhaust gas soot filter (2) with a filter body (6) that is supported in a housing (4) and is regenerated by combustion of the soot when its temperature rises above the middle operating exhaust gas temperature range. A burner (26) is provided, having a combustion air fan (28) whose hot gas side is in flow communication with the exhaust gas soot filter (2), and the filter body (6) is supported in its housing in such a manner that at least a large part of its outer surface is heated externally during operation of the burner (26).

Abstract: A paper-folding machine with a plurality of folding rollers, which form a folding station in pairs and the distances between whose axes can be set to different folding gap widths corresponding to the paper thickness to be processed and the number of layers of paper passing through the individual folding stations, as well as with mechanical or electronic feed limiters, which are arranged in front of the individual folding stations and can be set individually to different feed lengths. The thickness of the incoming material to be folded, which is determined by means of a thickness-measuring device (40), and the sheet length of the arriving material to be folded, which is determined by a length-measuring device (41), as well as the desired type of folding and/or the set feed lengths of the individual feed limiters (T1-T4), are entered into a process computer (20) to determine the folding gap widths of the individual pairs of folding rollers (W1-W5).

Abstract: A metering pump for metering low-boiling liquids, especially liquid anesthetics provides continuous metering of liquid. To achieve this, the pump chamber 7 is maintained at a temperature below the boiling point of the liquid by means of a cooling device 14, preferably a Peltier cell.

Abstract: A hollow cylinder (3) of suitable material (the cathode) and one or more anodes (5, 7) of suitable shape and dimensions permits the generation of high-density plasma capable of being used particularly (but not exclusively) for applications in space. The plasma is produced by an electrical discharge in a gas which flows in the device through the cathode (3) and suitable orifices (8, 27) formed in the anodes (5, 7) in order to create a pressure difference between the cathode cavity (3C) in which the discharge is to be initiated and the exterior of the device. The discharge is initiated in the first place between the hollow cathode (3) and the first anode (5) and is then transmitted to the following anodes. The cathode (3), unlike the usual hot cathodes, not only does not have a filament to heat it to a suitable temperature before the initiation of the discharge, but can operate even if kept suitably cold.

Abstract: A diagnostic apparatus for producing low frequency sound waves applied to a structure to be examined to induce sound waves in the structure and a sensor which is positioned on the structure remote from the sound producing means to receive the sound waves after passage through the structure and to convert the sound waves into electrical impulses. The sensor is connected to an amplifier to boost the electrical signals and transmit the same to a computer data processor and receiver unit for storing the signals and converting the signals into a visual form.

Abstract: An ion engine for the generation of primary plasma by discharge in a gas wherein the discharge is obtained by the simultaneous use of a magnetic conditioning and confinement field and an electromagnetic field. The latter being at a frequency such that the cyclotron resonance effect of the electrons in the gas can be exploited. The engine generates a static magnetic field and generates and applies an electromagnetic field at cyclotron frequency. By using the cyclotron resonance effect, it is possible to improve the processes of plasma generation and the processes of ion beam extraction by the use of an optimized system of grids made of refractory material. These processes are optimized to match the differences in the operating conditions acting on the intensity of the magnetic field.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is used to clamp the fabric to be embroidered in mechanical and manual embroidery.In embroidery hoops with an outer contour deviating from the circular shape, the task is to achieve uniform distribution of the contact pressures over the entire clamped surface between the inner hoop and the outer hoop. This task is accomplished by designing the shape of the cross section of the sections of the inner hoop between two axes such that the bending stiffness is essentially constant over the entire circumference of the inner hoop and the extension stiffness decreases continuously between two axes such that it reaches a minimum in the area of the smallest radius of curvature. The cross-sectional shape of the sections of the outer hoop between two axes is designed such that the extension stiffness between two axes changes in the direction opposite the change occurring in the inner frame.

Abstract: In a metering and spray pump for liquid, low-viscosity and pasty substances, an elastic bellows 3 is arranged between two plastic housing parts 1, 2 that are telescopingly movable relative to one another, connecting them. The bellows, acting as a discharge valve 18, has, at one end, a valve annular wall 15 that surrounds the generated surface 17 of an inner annular discharge seat 8 made in one piece with the first housing part 1 in a sealing manner and such that it can be lifted off. As a suction valve 58, the bellows 3 has, at its other end, a valve annular wall 54 which is in sealing and separable contact with the generated surface 43 of a valve seat 42 made in one piece with the second housing part 2 such that it can be lifted off, and the medium to be pumped is drawn into the bellows 3 through the valve seat.

Abstract: A stitch forming machine is provided including a transducer for determining the tension present in a thread, wherein the thread tension assumes a higher value during stitch formation and the transducer provides a signal representing the tension level. The control is provided for evaluating the signal corresponding to the tension level. The control includes a comparator device for comparing a peak of the signal representing the tension level, which peak can be used to detect a malfunction, with a limit signal, corresponding to a limit tension. The comparator sends a signal to a switching device when a signal peak drops below the limit signal. The switching device may be connected to a shut-off device of the drive motor of the machine as well as one or more display elements. In this way, the machine may be stopped and the display element associated with a limit tension, below which the tension dropped by a switching device.

Abstract: A particle filter for the exhaust gases of internal combustion engines is described, which can be regenerated by burning free, and in which the filter cartridges (12) include a support tube (16) with a lining of filter material (20). The support tubes 16 are conical. The lining with filter material (20) is preferably carried out such that the filter cartridge (12) has a cylindrical shape, i.e., the filter material (20) lining is thicker on the inlet side than on the outlet side. However, lining with an equal thickness of filter material (20) over the entire length of the conical part of the filter cartridge (12) is also shown.

Abstract: A computerized compound synthesization for producing an aimed product by controlling a synthesis reaction process including steps of supplying raw material compounds, reagents and solvents, a synthesis reaction step, a purification step and a product extraction step in accordance with a control program. Optimal condition for the reaction is established by determining discrete time points at which the reagent is added and volumes of the reagent to be added at the time points, respectively, on the basis of parameters including reaction rate constant, equilibrium, constant, initial concentration of starting material mixture, ratio of concentration of intermediate product to theoretical equilibrium concentration, stoichiometrical ratio between the reagent and the intermediate and concentration of the reagent in accordance with a relation established among these parameters.