Abstract: Photoactive pyrite layers, whose preparation and use represent a commercially highly interesting alternative to materials hitherto in common use. The semiconductor material chiefly used until now, e.g. for solar cells, is silicon. However, its costs of manufacture are too high to allow solar cells to be made at favorable cost. The significance of the disclosure and development of pyrite as a semiconductor material, especially for solar cells, lies in the fact that it is plentifully occurring and cheap, as well as environmentally compatible. Pyrite (iron pyrites, FeS.sub.2) can be used as a photoactive material in solar cells and in optoelectronic components. It is possible to use both naturally occurring pyrite, after a material treatment to improve the photosensitivity, as well as synthetically produced, single-crystal and polycrystalline pyrite.

Abstract: A control device for guiding edges or a centerline of a material web which moves over rollers utilizes the difference between a desired position value and an actual position value, which actual position value is multiplied by a signal corresponding to the speed of the material web. A control signal is generated which is applied to a control element to reposition the web to obtain the desired positions for the edges or centerline. To make the control hunting-free, the error signal, formed of the actual value measured at a predetermined location, and the desired value is multiplied by the speed of the web and is delivered to a first control circuit for stabilization.

Abstract: A screw plastifying and conveying device includes a screw (5) which has a pull-in zone (I) of constant pitch volume (V.sub.0), a first compression zone (II), and adjacent thereto, i.e. in the injection side, a second compression zone (III). The compression ratio (V.sub.1 :V.sub.0) of the second compression zone (III) is between 1:1.0 and 1.2, while that of the first compression zone is between 1:1.6 and 1:4. This makes it possible, by underdosing, to reduce the melt volume in the second compression zone, thereby achieving stable conveying action over a wide operating range. Molded parts with minimal internal tensions and e.g. also molded parts of glass-clear material with unobjectionable optical properties can thus be produced.

Abstract: An improvement of a device for protecting manipulators against collision with other objects. Two discs are held in spaced relationship by spacer balls applied thereagainst on the periphery. The discs are urged toward each other and the gap is adjustable. If due to a collision, the position of the spacer balls is changed, the discs move toward each other, thereby causing actuation of a switch and a disconnection of the drive.

Abstract: A telecomputer system for processing data from a plurality of subscribers, maintaining its own integrity and operability, and establishing communication between various points in the system, comprises a pair of shared communication paths establishing two main lines of communication and two control units connected to the two control paths. A shared information memory is also connected to the two shared paths. The shared memory is also connected by separate pathways to each of the control units. An information and control console is connected to the control units for accepting and providing information and display for an operator.

Abstract: The apparatus is of the type comprising a vertical cylindrical vessel containing a flexible tubular bag closed at one end and fixed by the periphery of its open opposite end to the periphery of the upper part of the vessel and in which mercury is injected in the vessel around the bag when the member to be treated is introduced in the bag. The apparatus comprises two coaxial flexible bags (3,21) extending one inside the other within the vessel (2) and defining therebetween a small closed space (22), means (23) for introducing a liquid of high density in the space (22) and means (24) for achieving in the vessel, around the outer bag (3), a solid molding, which is capable of being disaggregated, of a member of any size introduced in the inner bag (21), the vessel (2) being vertical or inclined.

Abstract: An apparatus for contacting fluids combined with solids comprises a cylindrical vessel with a slurry or liquid feed inlet port, a liquid outlet port, a gas inlet port and a gas outlet port. The vessel includes a lower cylindrical baffle which defines a stilling chamber therearound, the main contacting section of the vessel being above the stilling chamber. The lower end of the baffle extends below the liquid outlet port which discharges liquid from the stilling chamber. A cylindrical member is disposed in the cylindrical vessel inwardly of the stilling chamber. It has a lower end which is aligned with the gas inlet port for receiving gas therefrom and an upper end which is higher than a lower edge of the cylindrical baffle. The main contacting section above the cylindrical member has a height which makes a ratio with a length of the cylindrical member having a value within the range between 2 and 50.

Abstract: An edge guiding device is provided for sewing work with several edges extending at angles to each other, and on which parallel seams are to be formed, e.g., collars. The device has an edge ruler which is formed by a central section and two sections controllable independently of the central section, each with a guide face. During the formation of seams which begin or end at inside corners of the collar or work, the edge ruler is moved synchronously with the work displacement. Thereby, e.g., one-piece collars plus collarbands can be securely guided from the start during the formation of the seam sections beginning or ending at the inside corners of the collars. For guiding at a long side of the collar, which is usually curved, the outer sections of the edge ruler are pulled back and only the central section with its arched guide face is used for guiding the work.

Abstract: An electronic musical instrument is provided with a temporal variation circuit of SCF parameters for temporally varying the filter characteristic of a switched capacitor filter circuit, a control circuit for digitally controlling the temporal variation circuit and a touch response circuit for detecting, by scanning, touch response data in performance, whereby temporal variations of a musical waveform signal are digitally controlled.

Abstract: A bucket wheel cutting device with two cutting wheels for a floating dredge with suction tube conveyance, has its suction tube arranged to end in two suction chambers separated by a central partition, one of the cutting wheels being provided at each of the two sides thereof. The suction chambers can be closed alternately, relative to the suction tube, by means of an adjustable flap.

Abstract: A guide slot for a valve plate is bounded on both sides by guide strips projecting into a flow channel of a valve housing for the plate. These guide strips contain notches at intervals. The notches of one guide strip are offset relative to the notches of the other guide strip. When the valve is open, medium entering the guide slot through the notches on the inflow side is deflected in the guide slot before it leaves the guide slot again through the offset notches on the outflow side. This generates in the guide slot a lengthwise current leading to a self-cleaning action for combatting deposits. During the valve plate closing process, a permanent self-cleaning takes place over the entire closing travel zone. For this reason, the valve is particularly well suited for use in conveyor lines for thickish, powdery, granular or solids-containing media.

Abstract: For the drawing in of material webs in web-fed rotary presses a driven draw-in element is used which has a finite length extent and which is moved along different, preadjustable draw-in paths. Guides are disposed along the draw-in paths which provide interruptions which improve the accessibility of the printing units of the presses. For the passage through these guideless regions the draw-in element is stiffened.

Abstract: A dry coke cooling apparatus comprises an antechamber with a bottom hole for charging coke into a cooling chamber which accommodates vertical outer cooling walls and inner cooling walls which extend within the coke charge. The lower part accommodates coke discharge equipment and conduits for supplying circulated cooling gas which passes upwardly through the charge, to be exhausted at the top. The inner cooling walls are supported on hollow beams which are cooled by the circulated cooling gas directly or indirectly.

Abstract: Container to be used to transport goods or materials from one place to another remote place using a large truck, etc.The front side plate and back side plate are folded into two and the side faceplates are made as shutters which can move up and down.It is formed into a box when it contains goods or materials and when it does not contain them, the shutters are housed in the upper part and the front side plate and back side plate are folded into two.

Abstract: A clamping device for connecting a branchpipe to a main pipe buried underground, has a main body with a lower side having a curved surface for engaging the main pipe and, at the same time, is provided with a connection port for a branched coupling. Arms are supported by sections of the body on both sides of the connection port cand on the upper side of the main body. These arms are extended downwardly so as to hold the main pipe and move for free rotation with respect to the support sections. Arm retainers are idly supported at the centers by bolts which are screwed into threaded holes provided on a midplane of the support sections of the main body. The retainers have pushing sections formed on both their ends for pushing the arms from above, at external sides of the support sections. Only a small working hole must be excavated for connecting the branched pipe to the main pipe since the clamping device can be positioned and tightened from ground level.

Abstract: A cylinder actuator has a cylinder barrel, a piston running axially therein, a piston rod running through a first end plate and a stop for limiting motion of the plunger (made up of the piston and its piston rod) by cooperation with an abutment on the plunger. The maximum extent to which the piston rod may be moved out of the barrel is adjustable. The stop mounted within the cylinder is in the form of a radial projection mounted on a stop rod and able to be adjusted in the axial direction. The stop rod extends from the second cylinder and plate along a coaxial hole in the stop rod. This hole has a part of small diameter adjacent to said second end plate and a part of large diameter remote therefrom, said large and small diameters joining at a radial shoulder in said stop rod, said shoulder forming said abutment. The radial projection is located in the hole part with the large diameter.

Abstract: The present invention is connected with a method for testing a gas diffusion which comprises the steps of rotatably disposing a topography model in the wind passage of a wind tunnel; previously establishing a time distribution of a direction and a velocity of a wind blowing above the topography model; rotating the topography model on the basis of the established time distribution of the blowing wind; discharging a tracer gas from a certain position of the topograph model while changing the wind velocity in the wind tunnel; and testing a diffusion of the tracer gas. Further, the present invention is connected with an apparatus for practicing the above-mentioned method and is concerned with a method for testing a gas diffusion which comprises fixing a topography model in a wind passage of a wind tunnel; and rotating the wind passage about the topography mold on the basis of a time distribution of a wind direction. Furthermore, the present case is concerned with their improvements.

Abstract: A dolly carries a fifth wheel for connecting a trailing vehicle, a drawing device (18,20,24) for pivotable connection of the dolly (8) to a drawing vehicle and elongated side supports (22) are movable from a free position to a locked position in which they form an essentially rigid connection between the dolly and a support element (24) carried by the drawing vehicle. Hereby the connection between the dolly and the drawing vehicle can be made sidewardly rigid if needed. By the side supports (22) being carried by pivotal supports (26), which allow sidewards pivoting of the side supports to the locked position, a vehicle rig, including the dolly, can maintain a maximum of allowed length both with and without sidewards rigidity.

Abstract: A conveying device more particularly suitable for use as a vertical hoist on construction sites or in industrial premises takes the form of a flexible and pliant hose-like pressure duct having a shuttle piston therein. The shuttle piston acts to seal off an internal portion of the duct and is fixed in place by way of a magnetic coupling with an external rider. The external rider is anchored in place so as to encompass the portion of the pliant duct in which the shuttle piston is located. The pliant duct is moved either up or down depending on whether fluid pressure is inserted into the duct above or below the fixed shuttle piston. By attaching a hook or the like to one end of the duct the pliant hose is capable of acting as a traction rope.