Abstract: A method and apparatus for establishing a set of cells used to support a soft handoff. The apparatus is used in a wireless communication system including a plurality of cells and at least one wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) having at least one beam antenna which is configured to transition between a switch beam mode and an omni-directional beam mode. The WTRU communicates with a serving cell while the beam antenna is in the switch beam mode. The WTRU performs measurements on cells neighboring the serving cell to determine measurement results associated with the cells. The WTRU then determines whether each of the measurement results exceeds a predetermined threshold. A set of cells associated with the measurement results that exceed the predetermined threshold is established. If the number of cells in the set reaches a predetermined number, the beam antenna transitions from the switch beam mode to the omni-directional beam mode.

Abstract: An optical assembly to be mounted on a microscope for measuring micro-structures is provided, which images a first object image (7) onto a second object image (8) lying above the optical assembly and in this way shifts the object image at a standardized interface for a camera (12), as well as the interface for the camera itself, upwards. The optical assembly permits a stroboscope lamp (6) to be coupled into the incident beam path of the microscope over a beam splitter (5) without requiring any structural modifications to the microscope. Instead, the optical assembly according to the invention is simply mounted on the C-mount of the microscope. The invention enables the use of stroboscope lamps in commercially available microscopes, which otherwise are not suitable for stroboscopic examinations.

Abstract: A measurement device for oscillation measurement, as well as a corresponding method, is proposed, wherein the oscillation measurement is performed by at least one laser interferometer (2, 3), whose measurement beam is directed onto various measurement points (5) of the object (1) for generating a scanning movement, and the obtained oscillation data is correlated with the position data of the respective measurement point (5) and evaluated or displayed. In particular, for three-dimensional measurements, the invention reduces the measurement complexity because the scanning device is a robot arm, which moves a measurement head of the laser interferometer to the desired measurement points on the object.

Abstract: A method and apparatus which determine the minimum transmission power level of an access point (AP) for reliably communicating with at least one wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) in a wireless communication system. The apparatus obtains the range of the AP and estimates the interference to the AP by executing a slow interference estimation process and a fast interference estimation process. A required received power (RRP) of the WTRU is obtained from the interference estimate. The minimum transmission power level of the AP is determined by summing the range of the AP and the RRP.

Abstract: A container (1), especially a fluidized container, including a housing upper part (2) and a housing lower part (3) is provided. The housing parts are detachably interlinked in an annular separation zone which is provided with a sealing element. The container in accordance with the invention provides that (i) the two housing parts are interlinked by coupling elements (8, 9) that engage with one another in a positive manner and that allow a limited movement in the direction of separation; (ii) the container parts are retained in a sealing position with a predetermined separation point (7) by means of a retainer (5), in which position an elastic sealing element (10) sealingly rests against the two coupling elements; and (iii) the coupling elements acts as a limiting stop when a maximum container pressure is exceeded, the predetermined separation point is activated and the housing parts are displaced towards the direction of separation.

Abstract: A fall safety device is provided having a load-bearing rotor 2, which supports at least one locking member 6, which can be moved by centrifugal force and which is moved into engagement with at least one stop 7b of a stator 4 if a certain rotor speed is exceeded and blocks the further rotation of the rotor 2. The locking member 6 and/or the stop 7b is in active connection with a braking body 8, which undergoes a plastic deformation when engaging the fall safety device and damps the stopping process.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a self-bearing step motor, and more particularly, to self-bearing step motor system and a control method thereof, wherein a rotor can be supported by magnetic force without adding an additional winding for supporting the rotor to a step motor having no mechanical bearing for supporting the rotor.

Abstract: Rolling circle replication of a padlock primer is inhibited when it is hybridised to a target nucleic acid that is long or circular. The invention provides methods of addressing this problem including cutting the target nucleic acid near or preferably at the site which hybridises with the padlock probe, whereby a 3?-end of the cut target nucleic acid acts as a primer for rolling circle replication of the padlock probe. Also included is a method for assaying for a polyepitopic target by the use of two affinity probes each carrying an oligonucleotide tag and of padlock probe for rolling circle replication in association with the two affinity probes.

Abstract: At a first communication station, communications from a second communication station are received. The first station transmits power commands based on in part a reception quality of the received communications. From the first communication station, a first communication having a transmission power level in a first time slot is transmitted. At the second communication station, the first communication and the power commands are received. A power level of the first communication as received is measured. A pathloss estimate is determined based on in part the measured received first communication power level and the first communication transmission power level. A transmission power level is set for a second communication in a second time slot from the second station to the first station based on in part the pathloss estimate weighted by a quality factor and the power commands.

Abstract: Classes of cognition models which may include: 1) Radio Environment models, 2) Mobility models and 3) Application/User Context models are utilized in a wireless communications network. Radio Environment models represent the physical aspects of the radio environment, such as shadowing losses, multi-path propagation, interference and noise levels, etc. Mobility models represent users motion, in terms of geo-coordinates and/or logical identifiers, such as street names etc. as well as speed of user terminal etc. The context model represents the present state and dynamics of each of these application processes within itself and between multiple application processes. These data are employed to optimize network performance.

Abstract: A support frame having a plurality of wheeled assemblies, mounted at corners of the support frame, each wheeled assembly including a substantially identical mechanism for extending and retracting a respective wheel assembly. Each mechanism has a locking member which includes a locking portion for selectively engaging locking apertures on a rotatable member which rotatably supports the wheel assembly. Each mechanism also includes a grip, spaced from the locking member, to facilitate rotation of the rotatable member and the respective wheel assembly between extended and retracted positions when the locking portion is disengaged from the locking apertures. When each wheel assembly is in an extended position, the support frame is able to roll on a suitable surface. Each wheel assembly is also capable of being retained in a retracted position housed within a recess in its associated housing.

Abstract: A code-division-multiple-access (CDMA) system employing spread-spectrum modulation. The CDMA system has a base station (BS), and a plurality of subscriber units (SUs). The signals transmitted between the BS and SU use spread-spectrum modulation. The apparatus for maintaining control of power from an SU to a BS, comprises sending from the SU, using spread-spectrum modulation, a SU-spreading code, and detecting at the base station, the SU-spreading code from the SU. In response to detecting the SU-spreading code at the BS, a BS-spreading code is sent to the SU, using spread-spectrum modulation. At the SU, if the BS-spreading code is detected, then transmit power of the SU is reduced. If the BS-spreading code is not detected at the SU, then transmit power of the SU is increased.

Abstract: In telecommunications systems, User Equipments (UEs) communicate with a common station via wireless communication signals which have a system frame format. Commonly used time slots (CUTSs) are available for common use by the UEs for transmitting code identified signals for a specific uplink channel. The UEs select a code identifier from a plurality of identifiers, such as midambles. A UE transmission with a selected code identifier in a selected CUTS will fail if another UE transmits with the same code identifier in the same CUTS or if the UE transmission lacks sufficient power. Communication efficiency is enhanced by determining the number of successful and failed UE transmission in CUTSs per frame and adjusting one or more communication parameters in response to said determination such as a parameter upon which the UEs determine an access rate for transmitting in CUTSs and/or a power control parameter.

Abstract: A signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) estimator for estimating a SIR of baseband signals which are received and processed by a data demodulator to provide demodulated signals to the SIR estimator. The SIR estimator receives the demodulated symbols from the data demodulator and estimates the average signal power of the demodulated symbols as a function of a median based average power value md and a mean based average power value me of the demodulated symbols for each quadrant of a quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) constellation. The function is used to determine a minimum value m between md and me. The SIR estimator estimates the average effective interference power of the demodulated symbols and calculates the SIR by dividing the estimated average signal power of the demodulated symbols by the estimated average effective interference power of the demodulated symbols. The SIR estimator reduces bias effects on SIR estimation.

Abstract: A hybrid serial/parallel bus interface has a data block demultiplexing device. The data block demultiplexing device has an input configured to receive a data block and demultiplexes the data block into a plurality of nibbles. For each nibble, a parallel to serial converter converts the nibble into serial data. A line transfers each nibble's serial data. A serial to parallel converter converts each nibble's serial data to recover that nibble. A data block reconstruction device combines the recovered nibbles into the data block.

Abstract: A method and system for copying backup data is disclosed. Backup data may be copied to a first virtual tape library in the same format as it would be copied to a physical tape library. The backup data may also be electronically copied to a second virtual tape library or to a physical tape library.

Abstract: A time division duplex method for determining whether to initiate handover of a mobile unit from a serving base station to a target base station, the method comprises receiving the broadcast channel from the serving base station (BCHser); calculating the serving base station received signal code power (RSCPser); receiving the broadcast channel from the target base station (BCHtar); calculating the target base station received signal code power (RSCPtar); determining interference signal code power for the serving base station (ISCPser); determining interference signal code power for the target base station (ISCPtar); calculating RSCPser/ISCPser; calculating RSCPtar/ISCPtar; and determining whether RSCPser/ISCPser is less than RSCPtar/ISCPtar, and if so, commencing handover from the serving base station to the target base station.

Abstract: A one-piece wheel hub of a bicycle wheel made from layered structural fiber based material, preferably carbon fiber material. The wheel hub is preferably formed by applying layers of the fiber based material to an expandable core to form a tubular body. The tubular body may be cured, during which time the core expands, by applying radial pressure to the tubular body.

Abstract: A disposable electrochemical sensor strip is provided. The sensor strip includes an isolating sheet having at least a through hole, at least a conductive raw material mounted in the through hole, a metal film covered on the conductive raw material to form an electrode which comprises an electrode working surface for processing an electrode action, and an electrode connecting surface, at least a printed conductive film mounted on the isolating sheet and having a connecting terminal for being electrically connected to the electrode connecting surface, and a signal output terminal for outputting a measured signal produced by the electrode action.