Abstract: A wafer structure including a semiconductor substrate, a number of UBM layers and a number of bumps is provided. The semiconductor substrate has an active surface, a number of bonding pads and a passivation layer. The bonding pads are positioned on the active surface of the semiconductor substrate. The passivation layer covers the active surface of the semiconductor substrate and exposes the bonding pads. The UBM layers are respectively arranged on the bonding pads, and each UBM layer includes an adhesive layer, a super-lattice barrier layer and a wetting layer. The adhesion layer is disposed on bonding pads. The super-lattice barrier layer is disposed on the adhesion layer and includes a number of alternately stacked sub-barrier layers and sub-wetting layers. The wetting layer is disposed on the super-lattice barrier layer, and the bump is disposed on the wetting layer.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus and a method of measuring a distance between devices using a low clock frequency signal. The apparatus includes clock frequency generators, counters, a controller and a calculator for determining the distance based on clock signal overlap. Radio waves are transmitted and a number of clocks of a clock signal having a clock frequency b are counted, and if the transmitted radio waves are received again, a number of clocks of a clock signal having a clock frequency a are counted. If the clock signals having the clock frequencies a and b overlap with each other, counting of the numbers of the clocks of the clock signals having the frequencies b and a stops, and the distance is measured using the count values of the clock signals having the clock frequencies a and b. As a result, number of clocks of clock signals having low clock frequencies with a uniform difference can be counted to precisely measure a distance.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a grooved polishing pad wherein a large number of grooves, extending parallel to each other, are fabricated at specific intervals on at least one of a front surface and a back surface of a polishing pad substrate through a groove cutting process on the polishing pad substrate which is made from a synthetic resin material, the method comprising the steps of: cutting, by using a multi-edged tool having a plurality of pad groove machining cutting parts, arrayed at equal spacing p with the spacing p being an integer multiple no less than 2 of a desired spacing d of the grooves, a plurality of the grooves; and repeating the cutting of the plurality of grooves through shifting the multi-edged tool in a direction in which the pad groove machining cutting parts are arrayed, in order to fabricate the large number of grooves, extending parallel to each other, with the desired spacing d.

Abstract: A device to reform a raw material gas into a synthesis gas rich in hydrogen and carbon monoxide is disclosed. The device includes a vessel, a floating head, a plurality of reaction tubes, inlets and outlets for raw material and heating gases, and a cooled fixed tube plate.

Abstract: A seat assembly supports an occupant in a passenger compartment of a vehicle. The seat assembly includes a seat cushion pivotally coupled to the vehicle for movement about a first pivot axis between a generally horizontal seating position and a generally upright stowed position. The first pivot axis being fixed with respect to the vehicle. The seat assembly also includes a seat back pivotally coupled to seat cushion for pivotal movement relative to the seat cushion about a second pivot axis, such that the seat back is displaced rearwardly as the seat cushion is moved toward the stowed position.

Abstract: Disclosed is a thermoplastic elastomer composition comprising 100 parts by weight of EPDM rubber, 5-1,000 parts by weight of styrenic thermoplastic elastomer, 50-3,000 parts by weight of paraffin oil, 10-200 parts by weight of a polyolefin resin as a curative, 1-15 parts by weight of a phenolic resin, and 0.5-5 parts by weight of a curing activator. The composition is superior in flowability, mechanical properties and oil resistance as well as being low in hardness, so that it can be applied for automobile parts.

Abstract: A heat transfer system includes a power sub-system configured to receive a heat source stream, and one or more heat exchangers configured to transfer heat from the heat source stream to a working stream. The working stream is ultimately heated to a point where it can be passed through one or more turbines, to generate power, while the heat source stream is cooled to a low temperature tail. A distillation condensation sub-system cools the spent stream to generate an intermediate stream and a working stream. The working stream can be variably heated by the intermediate stream so that it is at a sufficient temperature to make efficient use of the low temperature tail. The working stream is then heated by the low temperature tail, and subsequently passed on for use in the power sub-system.

Abstract: A stepper motor includes a rotor having equally spaced rotor teeth defining a full step angle, and a stator with stator poles wound with coils that can be driven in a series of phases so as to magnetically interact with the rotor to produce stepping motion. The stator poles have teeth organized into two groups when there is an even number of stator teeth per pole, or into three groups for an odd number of stator teeth per pole. The stator teeth have an average pitch different from the rotor's tooth pitch, but the groups of stator teeth are also displaced relative to other groups by a specified offset angle of one-half or one-quarter step to double the number of detent positions, and to displace such detent positions from full one-phase ON or two-phase ON positions.

Abstract: Hand held wireless reading viewer for bar codes printed with fluorescing inks that are invisible to the human eye. The reading viewer comprises a portable housing with a window transparent to the excitation and emission wavelengths, an LED or laser diode illuminator module having optical filter and diffuser, an image sensor module with a spectral band limited imaging optics, real time LCD video display, microprocessor with an image acquisition circuit, RF communications port, battery and self-destruct intrusion detector.

Abstract: A mounting foot assembly including a base member with a front wall having a front surface and a foot member with a rear wall having a rear surface. The foot member is adjustably secured to the base member with the rear surface of the rear wall being in facing relationship with the front surface of the front wall of the base member, whereby the angular position of the base member relative to the foot member may be varied. A bracket may be mounted on the foot assembly having a rear crossbar portion adapted to be positioned in a cross channel in the base member and a forward portion extending down in front of the rear wall of the foot member to which a light unit may be attached.

Abstract: A optical imaging sensor assembly for a machine-vision vehicle service system comprising a variable lens optical assembly. The variable lens optical assembly is controlled in response to direction from a vehicle service software application to alter an optical characteristic such as a field of view, a lens focal length, or an optical axis alignment to acquire images for use in a vehicle service procedure such as a vehicle wheel alignment procedure, vehicle tire balancing procedure, or tire changing procedure.

Abstract: A wafer structure with a buffer layer is provided. The wafer structure comprises a wafer which has at least one pad formed thereon, a passivation layer formed on the wafer for partially exposing the at least one pad, a buffer layer formed on the passivation layer and the pad, and an under bump metallurgy (UBM) formed on the buffer layer. The buffer layer comprises a thickness-increased inner buffering member made from aluminum and located between the UBM and the pad to enhance the shock-absorbing ability of the wafer in a drop test to avoid the conductive bump bonded to a substrate coming off or cracking. The invention can also enhance the bonding between the conductive bump and the UBM. The buffer layer may further comprise an outer buffering member made of polyimide, coated on the passivation layer and partially arranged between the UBM and the passivation layer.

Abstract: Targeted application of anti-fouling mechanisms in a heat exchange system produces higher rates of energy recovery. The anti-fouling mechanisms with high mitigation rates can be deployed at only the hottest portions of a pre-heat train that experience the highest rates of fouling and heat loss. In application, bundles of corrosion resistant smoothed tubes are deployed in the late pre-heat train to significantly reduce the formation of harder deposits. Vibration can be used as an adjunct approach in conjunction with the corrosion resistant, smooth tubes, or deployed alone on existing bundles. The use of high performing, more durable exchangers in select locations justifies the increased cost of these components.

Abstract: A system for preventing the illumination of a vehicle check engine light by notifying the driver that the fuel door is not closed. The system includes an interference member, a sensor for detecting the position of a fuel door, and a processor to communicate a detectable signal to the driver. The interference member prevents the fuel door from closing if the fuel cap is not properly seated in the fuel injection port, and the sensor detects the position of the door. The sensor can communicate the position of the door to the processor which in turn can send a detectable signal to the driver that the fuel door is ajar and the fuel cap is loose. Furthermore, in vehicles equipped with power slide doors, the processor can also disable the operation of the power slide door to prevent the power slide door from colliding with the fuel door.

Abstract: A device for producing a purified liquid from an uncleaned liquid has at least one evaporator (10) for evaporating the supplied uncleaned liquid, and at least one condenser (23) for condensing the supplied steam, each condenser (23) being connected to the steam outlet of at least one upstream evaporator (10) by a connection pipe (47). A pressure difference is provided between the evaporator (10) and the condenser (23). In order to also generate energy, besides producing the purified liquid, at least one steam-operated working machine (70) to which the steam which can be supplied to the condenser (23) can be applied, is associated with the connection pipe (47).

Abstract: ABSTRACT An end of train unit includes a positioning system such as a GPS receiver and is configured to transmit a message including the EOT unit's location when the EOT unit detects a loss of air pipe pressure and/or it is tipped over and/or a low battery condition is detected. In highly preferred embodiments, the EOT unit periodically re-transmits the message until an acknowledgment message is received. In some embodiments, information from the positioning system is used to create a signal as a substitute for a motion sensor. In other embodiments, information from the positioning system is used to determine the speed of the end of the train. End of train unit tracking is also performed.

Abstract: An inverted U-shaped bracket for mounting a vehicle console to the vehicle floor where the vehicle console has already been attached to a pair of side console panels, the bracket having a pair of distal end portions and a back portion, the back portion being disposed between the distal end portions. The back portion having an embossment disposed opposite a bead. Each distal end portion has an oblong aperture. The oblong apertures are greater in diameter than the diameter of a rigid shaft such that the bracket can shift along the width and height of the vehicle. The bracket allows the vehicle console to be positioned flush to the vehicle floor and fixed to that desired position by absorbing any deviation or gaps between the vehicle console and the floor. The bracket absorbs the deviation and gap by bending at the bead and shifting within the space allotted between the oblong aperture and rigid shaft.

Abstract: To provide a map generation device according to the present invention which extracts a polygon shape of a building having a complex upper portion structure from a wide area image. The map generation device includes an image appointment unit that receives appointment of at least one position in a building existing within an aerial photograph, a polygon extraction unit that extracts a building region based on a result of discriminating a color around the appointed position and extracts a polygon line of the building region, and a vector generation unit that generates a vector of the polygon line of the building region.