Abstract: Apparatus and method for optically detecting an object. The apparatus includes a light source to illuminate an object, an illumination optical path, a detection optical path, imaging optics, a detection means, wherein the imaging optics are arranged in the detection optical path and wherein light from the object can be imaged onto the detection means with the aid of the imaging optics, an adjustment means is provided, by means of which at least one imaging optical component, arranged in the illumination optical path or in the detection optical path, is rotatable about its respective optical axes, or is pivotable with respect to the optical axis of the optical path in which the optical component is arranged, and is translatable in a direction transverse to the optical axis, to detect an object with the aid of the optical component in a rotated, pivoted or translated state.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus are disclosed, whereby an improvement of the measuring accuracy in the determination of structural data is facilitated. A first detector unit (15a) is provided for receiving the light reflected or transmitted by structures applied on the microscopic component (2). A second detector (15b) is provided for detecting the illumination intensity emitted by the at least one light source, and a computer (18) for determining the structural data from the light received by the first detector unit (15a) and the second detector (15).

Abstract: A method and a system for an automatic white balancing of color images being exposed to different illuminants have been achieved. The color information from the sensor color channels is measured and averaged over all pixels belonging to each of the colors of the color array used. The result is equivalent to what color a 1-pixel camera would see if pointed to the same scene. From this “statistical pixel” the ratios of the colors involved are calculated. Pictures taken in different illuminants as e.g. daylight, fluorescent light or incandescent light can then be separated due to their location in different categories in a space defined by said ratios of the colors involved. Each category has predefined white balance factors, which are applied to the image now.

Abstract: An equalizer includes at least two first mutually interfering equalizer sections, and at least two second interference-correcting equalizer sections, arranged in series. Each of the second equalizer sections corresponds with one first equalizer section, such that although each corresponding equalizer section has the same center frequency, the second equalizer sections have an equalization response opposite the interference effect, and the gain of the corresponding second equalizer section at the respective common center frequency contains the negative gain of at least one first equalizer section adjacent to the corresponding first equalizer section at the center frequency of the corresponding first equalizer section.

Abstract: An operating element for the engaging and extraction of planar sub-assemblies, with a display element in the operating lever, a front element for a planar sub-assembly with operating element and component support for accommodating planar sub-assemblies.

Abstract: A lower foil formed with upwardly open filled pockets passes horizontally at a constant transport speed through a work station of a machine frame. A support table holds an upper tool immediately above the foil in the station. A double parallelogrammatic linkage has two upper pivots on the support table, two lower pivots on the machine frame, and two upright links pivoted on the upper and lower pivot. A table drive mounted on the frame includes a crank connected to the link for oscillating the link about the lower pivot and thereby reciprocating the support table generally in the transport direction. A lower tool is carried by guides on the support table for only vertical movement relative to the support table. A tool drive mounted on the frame includes another crank connected to the lower tool for reciprocating the lower tool vertically relative to the support table.

Abstract: Polymers stabilized by protective colloids and/or emulsifiers and consisting of at least one comonomer unit from the group consisting of vinyl esters of utinbranched or branched alkyl carboxylic acids containing between 1 and 18 C atoms, acrylic acid esters or methacrylic acid esters of branched or unbranched alcohols containing between 1 and 15 C atoms, dienes, olefins, vinyl aromates and vinyl halogenides, optionally containing between 0.1 and 20 wt. % more of functional comonomer units from the group comprising carboxyl-functional, hydroxyl-functional and NH-functional, ethylenically unsaturated comonomers, are useful as additives to moldable starch compositions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for inspecting a wafer, comprising an illumination means for illuminating the surface of a wafer, an imaging means for optically imaging the surface of the wafer with at least one camera having an imaging area, a movement means for a relative movement between the imaging area and the surface of the wafer, and an evaluation means for evaluating the wafer, wherein the imaging means comprises two cameras focused on the same imaging area.

Abstract: Cationic polyvinyl acetals are prepared by copolymerizing one or more cationic N-alkyldiallylammonium salt monomers with one or more vinyl esters of branched or unbranched carboxylic acids having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, hydrolyzing the resulting copolymers to copolymers containing >50 mol % vinyl alcohol units, and acetalizating the vinyl alcohol units with one or more aliphatic aldehydes having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, their acetals, and/or hemiacetals, wherein the copolymerization takes place in a mixture of water and monovalent aliphatic alcohol having a water content of 2% to 35% by weight.

Abstract: A gas generator comprises an elongated, preferably tubular outer housing (10), at least one combustion chamber (26, 28) provided therein and filled with a solid propellant (30; 30?), and at least one igniter unit (16, 18) generating ignition gas for igniting the solid propellant (30; 30?). The igniter unit (16, 18) is arranged laterally and externally on the outer housing (10) in such a way and, in relation to the outer housing (10), a preferably radial ignition transfer opening (50, 58) is provided in the outer housing so that ignition gas generated in the igniter unit (16, 18) flows into the interior of the outer housing (10) via the ignition transfer 1 openings (50, 58).

Abstract: To provide a track-guided transport system, in particular a suspended monorail system, comprising a data transmission line arranged along a track and at least one vehicle, which can be run along the track and comprises at least one mobile data handling unit to receive signals from the data transmission line and/or to transmit signals to the data transmission line, in which it is possible to have relevant data passed to the vehicle at its current position in a simple manner or to have the vehicle at its current position transmit relevant data to its surrounding area, it is proposed that the transport system comprises at least one local stationary data handling unit, which comprises a signal transmitter, which transmits a signal, which is received by the mobile data handling unit of the vehicle, and/or a signal receiver, which receives a signal, which is transmitted from the mobile data handling unit of the vehicle.

Abstract: A radiation-transparent die half for a forming die in which a beam outlet from a shaping beam outlet surface is spatially limited by a diaphragm is manufactured in a simpler and more economical manner. Further, a long life is additionally ensured through the possibility of reworking the forming beam outlet surface in combination with effective protection of the diaphragm. According to the invention, the diaphragm is constructed as a radiation-impermeable layer which is enclosed up to its end faces by radiation-transparent material.

Abstract: A television receiver includes a tuner stage, a selective filter stage connected to the tuner stage, and a intermediate-frequency stage connected to the selective filter stage. A field-strength-detection stage is also provided, which generates a field strength signal proportional to the field strength of the received signal. The selective filter stage includes a transfer function that is modifiable by a control signal derived from the field strength signal.

Abstract: A vehicle steering wheel comprises a hub and several switches The switches are integrated in a common housing which is secured to the hub.

Abstract: An imaging method and system that flexibly accesses light sensor elements and processes imaging signals. The imaging system comprises an array of pixel sensor cells, an array controller and a readout control circuit. The imaging system provides color interpolation.

Abstract: Improving cell therapy and tissue regeneration in a patient suffering from a cardiovascular or a neurological disease by treating a tissue of the patient with shock waves and/or applying to the patient a therapeutically effective amount of stem cells and/or progenitor cells. Such treatment increases expression of chemoattractants, pro-angiogenic factors, and pro-survival factors. The chemoattractants can be, for example, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) or stromal cell derived factor 1 (SDF-1). For example, the treated tissue can be located in the patient's heart or in a skeletal muscle of the patient, and the shock waves can be extracorporeal shock waves (ESW) or intracorporeal shock waves. The cardiovascular disease can have an ischemic or non-ischemic etiology. For example, the cardiovascular disease can be a myocardial infarction, ischemic cardiomyopathy, or a dilatative cardiomyopathy. For example, the neurological disease can be a peripheral neuropathy or neuropathic pain.

Abstract: An apparatus for inspecting a disk-like object comprising at least one first module for inspecting a surface of the disk-like object and at least one second module insertable in the apparatus. The at least one second module is arranged to inspect a different element of the disk-like object than the surface of the disk-like object.

Abstract: A video imaging system includes an imaging array having a plurality of picture elements (pixels) formed in a substrate. An analog to digital converter formed in the substrate converts signals from the pixels into digital pixel signals. A defect detection circuit formed in said substrate provides a defective pixel output signal indicating, as the digital pixel signal corresponding to the pixels is processed, if any one pixel of the plurality of pixels in the imaging array is defective. The video imaging system includes a defect substitution circuit, also formed in the substrate, that substitutes a corrected pixel for any defective pixel. The video imaging system is responsive to a gain control signal to adjusts the pixels in magnitude. The gain control signal is applied to the first circuit to control the analysis of the pixel to determine if it is defective.

Abstract: In a system and method for remote maintenance, remote configuration and/or remote operation of an electrophotographic printing or copying system, a data processing system is connected with a communication unit of the printing or copying system via a network. Given a deactivated printing or copying system, the communication unit receives first data transmitted by the data processing system via the network and processes the transmitted first data. After receiving the first data, the communication unit activates a data processing unit of the printing or copying system. After the activation of the data processing unit, second data can be transmitted between the data processing system and the data processing unit.

Abstract: A printed circuit card made of plastic has a carbonization sensor for protection against smoldering electrical fires. The carbonization sensor contains a first and a second conductor track disposed on the printed circuit card and also a monitoring device. The two conductor tracks are electrically insulated from one another by the plastic, and the monitoring device monitors an insulating state of the two conductor tracks in relation to one another and produces a fault signal. Local overheating of the printed circuit card is detected at an early time by the carbonization sensor, before an avalanche effect caused by the carbonization, which makes the printed circuit card electrically conductive, leads to a smoldering electrical fire.