Abstract: An organic electroluminescence display includes a first substrate with a pixel region formed with an organic electroluminescence element including a first electrode, an organic thin film layer and a second electrode and a non-pixel region formed with a metal wiring for transmitting signals from the exterior to the organic electroluminescence element, a second substrate arranged in a upper side of the first substrate, a frit provided between the first and second substrates, and a first and a second protective films provided as a stacking structure between the metal wiring and the frit, wherein the first substrate and the second substrate are attached to each other through the frit. The metal wirings of the non-pixel region have a first protective film made of a silicon compound formed thereon.

Abstract: A carriage for an ink cartridge of an image forming apparatus employing an improved locking structure that draws out the ink cartridge with a simple unlocking thereof, thereby improving a user convenience in replacing the ink cartridge. The carriage for the ink cartridge of the ink jet printer has: a carriage body with a mounting portion, in which the ink cartridge is accommodated; a latch rotatably disposed at the carriage body to open and close the mounting portion; a resilient latch member to resiliently bias the latch in an opening direction; and a locking unit to lock the latch to the carriage body, wherein when the latch is unlocked with respect to the carriage body, the locking unit rotates together with the latch, and draws out the ink cartridge from the mounting portion.

Abstract: Disclosed are compositions and methods for their use, such as in identifying G-protein-coupled receptors, ligands and compounds that modulate the activities of G-protein-coupled receptors. The compositions and methods employ cyclic nucleotide-gated channels and fluorescence dyes in detecting changes of intracellular cAMP levels in response to the stimulation of G-protein-coupled receptors. Activation of the G-protein-coupled receptors can be detected in a variety of assays, including cell-based imaging assays with fluorescence microscopes and high throughput assays with multi-well plates and fluorescence plate readers.

Abstract: Provided is a method of manufacturing a thin film magnetic head. In particular, a method of manufacturing a thin film magnetic head is provided in which a flow process of a photoresist is applied to separate a hard magnetic layer and a metal multi-layer and a photoresist is used to insulate an upper electrode from a lower electrode in manufacturing a magnetic reproduction device, thereby simplifying and optimizing a manufacturing process and significantly reducing a manufacturing time.

Abstract: A system for customized document portfolio management. Corresponding methods and user interfaces are provided accordingly for allowing customized document portfolio management. In an preferred embodiment the system includes a document metadata database storing a plurality of documents and meta information thereof, a management server programmed to rule engine, search, security engine and notification engines, and a web server providing an interactive website for displaying documents and allowing creation of a customized portfolio. The customized portfolio management system preferably provides notification on the website, apprising users of changes in the status of their documents. Unique technical identification codes may be used to establish relationships among document.

Abstract: Disclosed is a dispenser of an icemaker in a refrigerator for maximizing an inner space when a total size is the same, and for minimizing the total size when the inner space is the same. The dispenser of the icemaker in the refrigerator includes an ice chute being a passage through which the ice produced from the icemaker is discharged; and a container supporter provided at an outer case and disposed to be perpendicular to an outer surface of the outer case when the ice is discharged outside through the ice chute, the contain supporter allowing a container seated thereon to receive the ice discharged from the ice chute. The ice chute is closed and not exposed outside when the ice-discharging process is finished, and the container supporter is not exposed to the outer surface of the outer case.

Abstract: A clip for a flat fluorescent lamp includes a first contact portion, a second contact portion and a connecting portion. The clip electrically connects first and second external electrodes that are on upper and lower surfaces of a lamp body of a flat fluorescent lamp. The first contact portion makes contact with the first external electrode. The first contact portion has a hole. The second contact portion makes contact with the second external electrode. The second contact portion may also have a hole. The connecting portion electrically connects the first contact portion to the second contact portion. The first external electrode is securely connected to the second external electrode, thereby improving reliability of the flat fluorescent lamp.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a half-pel motion estimation method. The calculation object half-pel, which is in the block of the previous or next reference frame, is not estimated additionally for each block of the current frame divided into blocks of a predetermined size. The present invention suggests an algorithm that can perform half-pel search only with a SAD value used in integer-pel search and a random variable for correcting errors. Since the present invention does not have to generate half-pel for motion estimation, the calculation amount is amazingly reduced and the calculation time is reduced.

Abstract: The present invention provides a semiconductor device having a silicide thin film and method of forming the same. A semiconductor device comprises a gate insulation layer formed on an active region of a semiconductor substrate. A gate electrode is formed on the gate insulation layer. An impurity region is formed in the active region adjacent the gate electrode. A silicide thin film such as a cobalt silicide thin film is formed to a thickness of less than approximately 200 ? in the impurity region.

Abstract: The present invention provides a rapid and sensitive method for the detection of a West Nile virus (WNV), Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), St. Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV) and Dengue virus (DENV) and antibodies directed against thereof involving contacting a biological specimen suspected of being infected with WNV, JE, SLE or DEN with a substantially purified and isolated WNV E glycoprotein or subfragment thereof having a native conformation wherein the E glycoprotein or subfragment thereof has a reactivity with antibodies against WNV and a cross-reactivity with antibodies against JEV, SLEV and DENV. The instant invention further provides a rapid, sensitive, and consistent method for the specific detection of WNV by employing diagnostic assays having the antigen NS5 which is specifically reactive with anti-WNV antibodies but not cross-reactive with antibodies against other flaviviruses such as JEV, SLEV, or DENV.

Abstract: An information storage medium on which data is recorded after performing optimum power control (OPC) and a method and apparatus to record/reproduce data on/from the information storage medium, wherein the recordable information storage medium has a plurality of recording layers and a pickup irradiates a beam onto the information storage medium, utilize operations of: recording data on at least a portion of a recording layer through which a test beam to find an optimum recording power passes before performing optimum power control (OPC) on a desired recording layer and performing OPC on the desired recording layer. The method and apparatus allow data to be recorded after performing a test to determine an optimum recording power, thus providing effective recording/reproducing quality.

Abstract: A flat panel display is provided. The flat panel display includes a light emitting device and two or more thin film transistors (TFTs) having semiconductor active layers having channel regions, where the thickness of the channel regions of the TFTs are different from each other. Thus, higher switching properties of a switching TFT can be maintained, a more uniform brightness of a driving TFT can be satisfied, and a white balance can be satisfied without changing a size of the TFT active layer.

Abstract: A method is provided for building a simulation environment. A first functional model is produced that emulates the interaction of a processor with a first interface of a bus for the processor as controlled by a first script. A second functional model is produced that is controllable to emulate multiple interfaces. The second functional model is controlled to emulate a second interface of an input/output peripheral by a second script. A third functional model is produced that emulates a memory subsystem. A simulation environment is automatically generated that simulates the design block for a programmable logic device. The simulation environment couples the bus to the design block and the first and third functional models, couples the second interface to the design block and the second functional model, and couples the first and second functional models via a synchronization bus used for synchronizing between transactions of the first and second scripts.

Abstract: There is provided an advertising system and method using an Internet web browser, in which one of a menu bar, location bar, tool bar, etc. in the screen of the web browser, that is not used for displaying information from a server, is used for displaying advertisements, during a period of time for which function commands are not inputted, thereby improving effectiveness of advertisement. The advertising method using a web browser is constructed in such a manner that a moving state of a cursor is detected when a web browser is activated to be displayed, an advertising logo or phase is displayed at a portion above a text box when it is detected that the cursor is not positioned at a command input box such as menu bar, tool bar, location bar, etc., and a corresponding command input bot at which the cursor is located is displayed to receive a control signal from a user when it is detected that the cursor is placed at one of the menu bar, tool bar, location bar, etc.

Abstract: A light-emitting diode (“LED”) package and a backlight unit having the same are disclosed. The LED package includes a package substrate, at least two LED chips arranged on the package substrate spaced apart from each other and having different brightness characteristics, a plurality of electrodes mounted on the package substrate to supply electrical power to the LED chips, and electric wires connecting the electrodes to the LED chips.

Abstract: A packet forwarding apparatus forwards packets by hardware implementation in a packet switch system for an internet protocol service. In the packet forwarding apparatus, an interface transmits/receives a packet through interfacing with a data link layer. A bus operator converts the packet received from the interface by a pre-set logic. A header parser parses a header of the converted packet. A network search engine controller receives a parsed result and the packet from the header parser and controls a command for forwarding the packet by interworking with an external network search engine and a processor.

Abstract: A miniaturized system on a chip that incorporates a positive high voltage charge pump and a negative high voltage charge pump into one pump circuit and shares components. A voltage control apparatus in a semiconductor device may include at least one of the following: First and second input/output units capable of inputting or outputting voltage. A voltage booster that receives and boosts a voltage from one of the first and second input/output unit and outputs the boosted voltage from the other input/output unit. An output selector that receives the boosted voltage from the voltage booster and selects one of the positive or the negative voltage to output. An output controller that receives the boosted voltage from the voltage booster and controls and/or regulates the output voltage. An output unit that outputs the generated output voltage.

Abstract: Provided is a layout method for protein-protein interaction networks based on a seed protein, which is for performing multiple stages of nesting centered on a node having a high degree of physical relationship, and performing multiple stages of extension and force directed placement (FDP) with respect to a final nest graph. The layout method includes the steps of: a) extracting a node list of each sub-graph constituting a protein-protein interaction network, and aligning the node list according to adjacency of nodes; b) selecting a seed protein from the aligned node list according to node priority and nest relationship with another node; c) nesting adjacent nodes centered on the selected seed protein to generate a nested node; and d) selecting an initial position of the generated nested node, placing the nodes of the nested nodes on respective division points, centered on the seed protein, and then performing layout.

Abstract: A plasma display panel and a method of making thereof such that the plasma display panel includes a first substrate and a second substrate arranged opposite to each other; a plurality of address electrodes disposed on the first substrate; a dielectric layer disposed to cover the address electrodes disposed on the first substrate; a plurality of display electrodes disposed to cross the address electrodes on a second substrate; an inorganic oxide layer disposed to cover the display electrodes; an MgO protective layer disposed to cover the inorganic oxide layer; barrier ribs disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate to define a plurality of discharge cells; and phosphor layers disposed in the discharge cells.

Abstract: Circuits systems and methods for frequency translation and signal distribution includes a downconverter circuit having first and second inputs coupled to receive respective first and second input signals, and an output for providing a downconverted output signal. The downconverter circuit includes a mixer circuit, a first switch, and a second switch. The mixer includes a first input coupled to a reference source, a second input, and an output coupled to the downconverter circuit output. The first switch includes a first port coupled to the downconverter circuit first input, and a second port switchably coupled to the mixer circuit second input. The second switch includes a first port coupled to the downconverter circuit second input, and a second port switchably coupled to the mixer circuit second input.