Abstract: An apparatus and method for configuring and executing an application appropriate to a broadcast-receiving device are provided. The apparatus includes an application-generating unit that generates an application having at least two functions to be selectively performed by the broadcast-receiving device and information related with the application, and an application-transmitting unit that transmits the generated application and the information related with the application to the broadcast-receiving device via a predetermined communication method, wherein the application determines which function is activated among the at least two functions, and provides the determined result to the broadcast-receiving device.

Abstract: Provided are an audio encoding method and apparatus and an audio decoding method and apparatus in which audio signals can be encoded or decoded so that sound images can be localized at any desired position for each object audio signal. The audio decoding method generating a third downmix signal by combining a first downmix signal extracted from a first audio signal and a second downmix signal extracted from a second audio signal; generating third object-based side information by combining first object-based side information extracted from the first audio signal and second object-based side information extracted from the second audio signal; converting the third object-based side information into channel-based side information; and generating a multi-channel audio signal using the third downmix signal and the channel-based side information.

Abstract: Provided is a method of allocating a stack in a multi-threaded sensor operating system environment. The method dynamically allocates as much stack space as is required by a thread, thereby enabling efficient use of stack space. The method includes the steps of: whenever a function is called while a thread is performing an operation, dynamically allocating a stack space to be used by the called function; and when execution of the function is finished, returning the allocated stack space.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus and method for comparing a protein structure, which can search a protein similar to an inquiry protein in a 3D protein database in real time by describing a feature of a protein structure by using a three-dimensional (3D) relative directional angle (RDA) and a Fourier descriptor. The apparatus includes: a 3D RDA coder configured to code a 3D RDA of a target protein data or an inquiry protein data inputted from the outside; a Fourier transformer configured to obtain Fourier coefficients by Fourier transforming 3D RDA coding values coded by the 3D RDA coder; a comparator configured to compare the obtained Fourier coefficient of the target protein data with the obtained Fourier coefficient of the inquiry protein data; and a data generator configured to output protein data in order from high similarity to low similarity according to the comparison result of the comparator.

Abstract: Provided is a method of resource management and call admission control in an access network in a hierarchical manner.

Abstract: Provided is a self-pulsating laser diode including: a distributed feedback (DFB) section serving as a reflector; a gain section connected to the DFB section and having an as-cleaved facet at one end; a phase control section interposed between the DFB section and the gain section; and an external radio frequency (RF) input portion applying an external RF signal to at least one of the DFB section and the gain section.

Abstract: An interface system between a user and a vehicle includes a vehicle information terminal in communication with the vehicle; a VXML server that converts information into voice signals, and receives and transmits the voice signals between the vehicle information terminal and a telephone; an SMS server that converts information into a message, and transmits the message to the telephone; and a WIPI server that receives and transmits vehicle remote control information between the telephone and the vehicle information terminal.

Abstract: Embodiments relate to a Metal-Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor (MOSFET) and a method of fabricating a MOSFET. According to embodiments, a method of forming a MOSFET may include forming a first gate insulating layer on a semiconductor substrate, nitrifying the first gate insulating layer, forming a second gate insulating layer on the first gate insulating layer, injecting fluorine ions into the second gate insulating layer, and diffusing the fluorine ions into the first gate insulating layer.

Abstract: An electrophoretic display includes first and second display substrates that are opposite each other and an electrophoretic layer and a contact sensor interposed between the first and second display substrates. When the second display substrate is pressed, the contact sensor connects a common electrode of the second display substrate with a sensing interconnection of the first display substrate such that a potential difference occurs at the pressed position.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for generating a terahertz (THz) wave are provided. The apparatus comprises: an fiber optic probe injecting an optical wave transmitted through an optical fiber into a device under test (DUT); a driving oscillator generating and injecting an electrical wave into the DUT; and the device under test (DUT) generating a THz wave using the produced optical and electrical waves.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a VDL/DLL architecture in which the power supply to the VDL, VccVDL, is regulated at least as a function of the entry point of the input signal (ClkIn) into the VDL. Specifically, VccVDL is regulated to be higher when the delay through the VDL is relatively small (when the entry point is toward the right (or minimum delay) edge of the VDL) and is reduced when the delay is relatively high (when the entry point is toward the left (or maximum delay) edge of the VDL). This provides for graduated delays across the stages of the VDL, but without the need to design each stage separately. Other benefits include a VDL/DLL design operable over a wider range of frequencies, and a reduced number of stages, including a reduced number of buffer stages. Moreover, when the disclosed technique is used, buffer stages may be dispensed with altogether.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory device includes a main cell array region, a first redundancy cell array region and a first dummy cell array region that are formed at one side of the main cell array region, and a second redundancy cell array region and a second dummy cell array region that are formed at the other side of the main cell array region. The first redundancy cell array region includes a first redundancy bitline, and the first dummy cell array region includes first dummy bitlines. The second redundancy cell array region includes a second redundancy bitline, and the second dummy cell array region includes second dummy bitlines. The first and second redundancy cell array regions are disposed closer to the main cell array region than the first and second dummy cell array regions.

Abstract: A method of generating an image code includes receiving a site identification (ID) of an access site, receiving a user ID and a password for accessing the access site, and generating an image code for establishing a login to the access site based upon the user ID and the password.

Abstract: An elastomeric fiber can be easily unwound from a package by way of using an OETO unwinding device which comprises a fiber package, a standby package and a static guide such that the distance from the inlet orifice of the static guide to the center of the static guide-facing side of the fiber package is in the range of 25 to 38 cm, and the distance (R) between the centers of the static guide-facing sides of the fiber package and standby package is in the range of 25 to 50 cm.

Abstract: Polysaccharide fibres, such as cellulose or starch, modified by grafting an amino-containing antimicrobial polymer (ACP) onto the fibres or starch using a co-polymerization reaction, exhibits high antimicrobial activity. For example, the presence of 1.0% by weight grafted polymer in the cellulose fibres or starch fibres results in excellent antimicrobial activity (over 99% inhibition). The application further discloses that including triclosan or butylparaben into a novel cationic ?-cyclodextrin polymer or nanocapsule yields a bacteriostat.

Abstract: A display device includes a display panel having a display region and a peripheral region. Signal lines disposed in the peripheral region provide an image display signal to the display region. A test pad portion is disposed in the peripheral region and connected to at least some of the signal lines. The test pad portion includes a test pad, an extension line extending from the test pad, and a bridge wire connecting the extension line to an associated signal line. The bridge wire is formed of a corrosion resistant material. The signal line is protected from corrosion by connecting the signal line to the test pad portion via the bridge wire, which prevents corrosion of the test pad from spreading to the signal line. The bridge wire can be protected from corrosion by disposing it under a sealing member of the panel.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display having data driving apparatus comprising first and second output switches, a charge sharing line, and first and second charge sharing switches. The first output switch switches an electrical connection between a first amplifier providing a positive gradation voltage and a first data line in response to a control signal. The second output switch switches an electrical connection between a second amplifier providing a negative gradation voltage and a second data line in response to the control signal. The first charge sharing switch switches an electrical connection between the first data line and the charge sharing line in response to the control signal. The second charge sharing switch switches an electrical connection between the second data line and the charge sharing line in response to the control signal.

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition and a liquid crystal display including the liquid crystal composition that includes a first class containing a fluorine-containing liquid crystal compound represented by Formula I (n=1, 2, or 3), and a second class containing at least one neutral liquid crystal compound represented by Formulae III, IV, and V. In Formula I, W1 and W2 are each independently selected from the group consisting of —F, —CF3, —CF2H, —OCF3, and —OCF2H, the liquid crystal compounds represented by Formulae I, III, IV, and V have R1, R2, and R5 to R10 that are any one of a hydrogen atom, and an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, and an alkenyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms as terminal groups, and a first sub-class has a content of 6 wt % or less based on a total content of the first class and the second class, with the proviso that a liquid crystal compound of the first class having n=1 is the first sub-class and a liquid crystal compound of the first class having n=2 or 3 is a second sub-class.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention relate to a separate type mass data encryption/decryption apparatus and an implementing method therefor. The separate type mass data encryption/decryption apparatus includes a microprocessor and a storage unit for storing an encryption/decryption key. The apparatus further includes an external communication interface module connecting to a peripheral data bus for transmitting data between the encryption/decryption apparatus and an external terminal, and said microprocessor is used for encrypting/decrypting data inputted from the external terminal. Embodiments of the present invention can process mass data with higher security and expedience.

Abstract: A light emitting device having a vertical topology, which is capable of achieving an enhancement in light emission efficiency and reliability, and a method for manufacturing the same are disclosed. The light emitting device includes a first-conductivity-type semiconductor layer, a light emitting layer arranged over the first-conductivity-type semiconductor layer, and a second-conductivity-type semiconductor layer arranged on the light emitting layer. The second-conductivity-type semiconductor layer includes an etch barrier layer.