Abstract: A semiconductor device including a semiconductor substrate having first and second device regions. A first trench is formed in the first region and a second trench is formed in the second region. The first trench and the second trench have different widths and different depths. The first trench and the second trench define device isolation regions and active regions.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a semiconductor device which, on performing a via first Dual Damascene process, inhibits or prevents the formation of a void in a bottom anti-reflective coating filling a via hole. The method typically includes the steps of forming a bottom anti-reflective coating (BARC) in a via hole in an interlayer dielectric on a semiconductor substrate sufficiently to fill the via hole; disposing an acid diffusion material on the BARC; forming a cross-link layer between the BARC and the acid diffusion material; removing the remaining acid diffusion material; and etching the cross-link layer, the BARC and the interlayer dielectric to form a trench extending from an upper portion of the via hole.

Abstract: A method for forming gate oxide layers of a semiconductor device including defining a first, a second, and a third device region by forming device isolation regions on a semiconductor substrate. The method also includes forming a sacrificing dielectric layer on the substrate, removing the sacrificing dielectric layer on the first device region by selective etching, and forming a first gate oxide layer by oxidizing the first device region. The method further includes removing the sacrificing dielectric layer on the second and third device regions, forming a second gate oxide layer on the second and third device region by oxidizing the substrate, forming a photoresist pattern exposing the third device region and covering the first and second device regions, and forming a third gate oxide layer by oxidizing the third device region.

Abstract: Semiconductor device fabrication methods include forming an oxide layer on a semiconductor substrate, forming an arrangement trench on the semiconductor substrate by patterning the oxide layer and the semiconductor substrate, forming a nitride layer on the arrangement trench and the oxide layer, forming a field trench on the semiconductor substrate by patterning the nitride layer, oxide layer, and the semiconductor substrate, and forming a pad oxide layer on inner walls of the field trench. The methods may also include removing the pad oxide layer on a bottom wall of the field trench, injecting ions into the bottom wall of the field trench so as to form an ion injected region, forming a buried layer by diffusing the ion injected region, and forming an epitaxial layer on the buried layer.

Abstract: Disclosed is an algorithm for dynamically changing an RTS threshold, which is a threshold for RTS-CTS frame exchange, depending on the traffic load in the BSS so as to maximize the MAC throughput of an IEEE 802.11 wireless LAN system. The present invention defines a new performance index based on the total time taken to transmit a frame and the time taken to successfully transmit a data frame. The RTS threshold is dynamically increased/decreased in a predefined range depending on the change in the new performance index.

Abstract: A system and method of measuring a distance of semiconductor patterns is provided. The system includes a microscope and a control unit. The control unit calculates standard coordinates of standard points in view-fields that include spots, spot coordinates of spots with respect to standard points, real coordinates of spots from both of the standard coordinates and spot coordinates, and finally the distance between the two spots from the first and second real coordinates. Coordinates are determined using high magnification, in conjunction with pixel counting, allowing more precise distance measurements.

Abstract: The present invention discloses and claims compounds of formula (I) as inhibitors of human casein kinase IF, and methods of using said compounds of formula (I) for treating central nervous system diseases and disorders including mood disorders and sleep disorders. Pharmaceutical compositions comprising compounds of formula (I) and methods for the preparation of compounds of formula (I) are also disclosed and claimed.

Abstract: A method of encrypting a motion picture file and a method of digital rights management using the same, wherein encryption method includes: extracting information on the location of at least one video sample, which is a real-time streaming unit, from meta-data of the motion picture file; extracting the video samples based on the location information; encrypting the extracted video samples, excluding a start code within a video sample header of each extracted video sample, based on predetermined encryption information; and producing an encrypted motion picture file by recombining the encrypted video samples. Since the file is encrypted in units of video object planes (VOPs) while maintaining an MEPG-4 file format, the encryption method can be easily applied to a completed file format and streaming service is also possible.

Abstract: A hermetic compressor is constructed to easily cover a ground hole, thus preventing paint from flowing into the ground hole during a painting work. Into the ground hole is fitted a cap. The cap includes a head, a body, and a shoulder which are integrated with each other into a single structure. The head has a larger diameter than the ground hole. The body extends from the head, and has a similar diameter to the ground hole. The shoulder has a larger diameter than the ground hole, and is provided on a predetermined portion of the body to be spaced apart from the head by a thickness of the ground hole. When the cap is fitted into the ground hole, the head and the shoulder are respectively in close contact with portions around the ground hole. The shoulder has a side surface which is inclined at a predetermined angle with the body of the cap to form an inclined surface, thus allowing an upper end of the shoulder to be smoothly removed from the ground hole. The cap is made of rubber or a silicone.

Abstract: According to method of managing and reproducing additional audio files of an interactive optical disc, additional audio data associated with main video data of an optical disc such as an interactive DVD are recorded as a file of a prescribed format. File information about the additional audio data and buffering information thereabout recorded in the file of a prescribed format. An optical disc apparatus interprets the file information and buffering information and then carries out a series of operations storing and reading out and playing the additional audio data in a way suitable to the buffering area allocated within a buffer. Consequently, additional audio data of various contents are read out from the optical disc or provided by a content providing server connected through the Internet.

Abstract: Disclosed is an LED (Light Emitting Diode) lamp including a light emitting diode having first and second electrodes; a first lead frame, provided with a cup portion formed at one end thereof and a first lead portion extended from the cup portion to the other end thereof, and electrically connected to the first electrode; a second lead frame, provided with a diode connecting portion adjacent to the cup portion and a second lead portion adjacent to the first lead portion, spaced from the first lead, and electrically connected to the second electrode; a mold for sealing the light emitting diode, the cup and diode connecting portion; and a heat dissipating portion, having a designated area, formed on at least one selected from the group consisting of a lower portion of the cup portion, a lower portion of the diode connecting portion, the first lead portion and the second lead portion.

Abstract: There are disclosed derivatives of 3-chromancarboxylic acid represented by formula I their pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof and prodrugs thereof which are useful for treatment and control of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (type II diabetes) and its related vascular disease as well as obesity and lipid disorders

Abstract: In a method for inspecting a defect in accordance with one aspect of the present invention, an object is divided into a plurality of regions. Reflectivity of each of the plurality of regions is obtained. Amplification ratio for each region is determined using the reflectivity. A light is irradiated onto the regions. A light reflected from a first region is amplified by a first amplification ratio that is determined for the first region. Moving the irradiated light from the first region to a second region is detected. A light reflected from the second region is amplified by a second amplification ratio that is determined for the second region. The amplified lights from the first region and the second region are analyzed to determine an existence of a defect on the object.

Abstract: Disclosed are a chip scale package and a method of fabricating the chip scale package. The chip scale package comprises conductive layers with a designated depth formed on an upper and a lower surfaces of a chip, and electrode surfaces formed on the same side surfaces of the conductive layers, which are connected to corresponding connection pads of a printed circuit board. The chip scale package is miniaturized in the whole package size. Further, the method of fabricating the chip scale package does not require a wire-bonding step or a via hole forming step, thereby simplifying the fabrication process of the chip scale package and improving the reliability of the chip scale package.

Abstract: A power module flip chip package is provided. The power module flip chip package includes a package carrier having a front surface and a back surface facing the front surface, and a power semiconductor device electrically connected to the front surface of the package carrier via conductive bumps. The conductive bumps are electrically connected to a gate terminal, a source terminal, and a drain terminal of the power semiconductor device. The power module flip chip package has reduced resistance and inductance and improved reliability.

Abstract: An apparatus and method of measuring the thickness of a substrate. A first light is reflected from a standard sample having a known thickness. The light is concentrated through the light-focusing lens. The first light is converted into a first electrical signal by a detector responding to a light intensity of the concentrated first light. A second light is reflected from a substrate, and then is concentrated through the light-focusing lens. The second light is converted into a second electrical signal by the detector responding to a light intensity of the concentrated second light. An operating unit determines first and second peak values from the first and second electrical signals, respectively. The operating unit calculates the thickness of the substrate by using a standard distance corresponding to the first peak value, a moving distance of the substrate corresponding to the second peak value, and the known thickness of the standard sample.

Abstract: A memory system, memory device, and method for setting an operating mode of a memory device include a memory cell array; row and column decoders which select a row and a column of the memory cell array, respectively, according to a multi-bit address signal; and a mode control circuit which receives at least one bit from the multi-bit address signal used in the selection of the row or the column, and which sets an operating mode of the memory device according to the at least one bit, wherein the operating mode is one of a burst length mode, a DLL reset mode, a test mode, a CAS latency mode, and a burst type mode.

Abstract: A color cathode ray tube comprising a panel having a substantially flat outer surface, a funnel mounted on a rear side of the panel, a shadow mask including a plurality of electron beam through holes, and a mask frame for supporting the shadow mask, said mask frame satisfying the following condition: d/v?0.9, d/h?0.9 wherein d is a height of a center of a diagonal portion of the mask frame, h is a height of a center of a short side portion of the mask frame, and v is a height of a center of a long side portion of the mask frame.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a refrigerator. A refrigerator according to the present invention comprises a pair of fixed rails 12 installed on both side walls of inner surfaces of a storage space 11; a pair of movable rails 22 combined with the fixed rails so as to be drawn forward with respect to the fixed rails 12; a food storage container 30 supported on the movable rails 22; a linkage mechanism for moving the storage container 30 upward in a certain range; and a holding means for holding the storage container 30 at a position where the storage container has moved upward by the linkage mechanism. The linkage mechanism includes first and second links 40 and 50, both ends of each of which are pivotably connected to each movable rail 22 and to the storage container 30. According to the refrigerator of the present invention, it is easy to take foods in and out of the storage container of the storage space positioned at a lower position of the refrigerator.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a drying machine. The drying machine comprises supporting members mounted on a base, and motor fixing brackets each including an insert part, through which a motor is inserted, and first and second supporting legs extending downwardly from the opposite ends of the insert part, the first and second supporting legs being engaged with the supporting members, whereby any vibration of the motor is prevented and attachment/detachment of the motor is easy and convenient.