Systems, apparatuses, and methods for cardiovascular conduits and connectors
A cardiovascular conduit system may comprise a connector. The connector may comprise a proximal end adapted to attach to a cardiovascular organ. The proximal end may comprise a first plurality of expandable members, and each member in the first plurality of expandable members may be deployable from a delivery position to a deployed position. The first plurality of expandable members may be dimensioned to deploy inside the cardiovascular organ to secure the connector to the cardiovascular organ. The connector may comprise a distal end adapted to attach to a conduit and an opening extending through the connector. Connectors for cardiovascular conduit systems may also include expandable stents. Connectors may be rotatably secured to a conduit, and the conduit may be reinforced. Methods for forming and using cardiovascular conduit systems are also disclosed.
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Aortic valve replacement is a cardiac surgery procedure that replaces a patient's aortic valve with a prosthetic valve. Aortic valve replacement typically requires open heart surgery, which may be risky and/or impractical for many patients. Aortic valve replacement may not be an option for patients with aortic stenosis, left ventricular outflow obstruction, a heavily calcified ascending aorta, a heavily calcified aortic root, and/or other high risk medical conditions. For example, patients with conditions that preclude a median sternotomy may not be candidates for an aortic valve replacement operation.
Apical aortic conduits may provide a less invasive alternative to aortic valve replacement. An apical aortic conduit may be connected between the apex of the heart and the aorta in a procedure similar to a coronary artery bypass graft. Apical aortic conduits may improve blood flow between the heart and the aorta by bypassing a diseased or malfunctioning aortic valve. Patients who are not eligible for aortic valve replacement may be treated by using an apical aortic conduit to bypass the valve. For example, apical aortic conduits may be used in pediatric patients. The native valve may be left in place in pediatric patients to eliminate the need for periodic valve replacements as the patient grows. Thus, the apical aortic conduit may maintain the maximum possible function of the native valve while bypassing the restricted flow to lessen stress on the heart and allow more blood flow to the body. In other words, the apical aortic conduit may bypass the native valve to allow for extra flow to the aorta while still allowing the maximum flow that the native valve can physiologically handle.
Traditional apical aortic conduits may fail or malfunction for various reasons. For example, the conduit material used in an apical aortic conduit may become blocked as a result of kinking. Traditional conduits may also become occluded and obstruct apical flow. Also, apical aortic conduits are typically sutured to the heart and the aorta, and the suturing may cause aneurisms at or near the attachment site. Apical aortic conduits may also cause gastrointestinal complications such as dysphagia and gastric erosion.
SUMMARYIn certain embodiments, a cardiovascular conduit system may comprise a connector. The connector may comprise a proximal end adapted to attach to a cardiovascular organ. The proximal end may comprise a first plurality of expandable members. Each member in the first plurality of expandable members may be deployable from a delivery position to a deployed position, and the first plurality of expandable members may be dimensioned to deploy inside the cardiovascular organ to secure the connector to the cardiovascular organ. The connector may also include a distal end adapted to attach to a conduit and an opening extending through the connector. The opening may be dimensioned to transfer blood between the conduit and the cardiovascular organ.
According to various embodiments, the cardiovascular conduit system may further comprise a retractable retaining member that holds the first plurality of expandable members in the delivery position. In at least one embodiment, the first plurality of expandable members may be spaced around a perimeter of the proximal end of the connector. According to some embodiments, the first plurality of expandable members may comprise at least one of: shape-memory wire, shape-memory tube, or shape-memory sheet.
The cardiovascular conduit system may comprise fabric extending between at least two expandable members in the first plurality of expandable members. In some embodiments, at least one member in the first plurality of expandable members may comprise a barb. According to certain embodiments, the connector may comprise an apical connector.
In various embodiments, the connector may further comprise a mid-section between the distal and proximal ends and a second plurality of expandable members extending from the mid-section. Each member in the second plurality of expandable members may be deployable from a delivery position to a deployed position, and the second plurality of expandable members may be dimensioned to deploy outside the cardiovascular organ to secure the connector to the cardiovascular organ. According to some embodiments, at least one member in the second plurality of expandable members may be longer than at least one member in the first plurality of expandable members.
According to certain embodiments, the connector may further comprise an expandable mid-section between the distal and proximal ends. The expandable mid-section may be deployable to apply a radial force on an opening in the cardiovascular organ. In some embodiments, the connector may be dimensioned to attach to a vascular organ. According to at least one embodiment, the first plurality of expandable members may form a cylinder in the delivery position.
In various embodiments, the connector may further comprise a mid-section between the distal and proximal ends. The connector may also comprise a second plurality of expandable members extending from the mid-section. Each member in the second plurality of expandable members may be deployable from a delivery position to a deployed position, and the second plurality of expandable members may be dimensioned to deploy outside the cardiovascular organ to secure the connector to the cardiovascular organ. The second plurality of expandable members may form a cylinder in the delivery position.
In at least one embodiment, each member in the first plurality of expandable members may form a spiral in the delivery position. In some embodiments, the first plurality of expandable members may comprise loops, and at least two expandable members in the first plurality of expandable members may overlap. According to various embodiments, the cardiovascular conduit system may comprise a conduit positioned around the distal end of the connector, and the distal end of the connector may comprise a groove dimensioned to attach to the conduit. The cardiovascular conduit system may also comprise a spring positioned around a first end of the first conduit and seated in the groove of the connector to rotatably secure the conduit to the connector. In some embodiments, the ring may be positioned around the spring and seated in the groove of the connector. According to at least one embodiment, the conduit may be attached to the connector, and the conduit may comprise a duct and a reinforcing member.
In various embodiments, the conduit may be attached to an inside of the opening in the connector. According to some embodiments, the conduit may be attached to an outside of the connector. In at least one embodiment, the connector may comprise at least one of a first cuff adapted to be positioned against an outside surface of the cardiovascular organ and a second cuff adapted to be positioned against an inside surface of the cardiovascular organ.
In certain embodiments, a method may comprise coring an opening in a cardiovascular organ and inserting a connector into the opening in the cardiovascular organ. The connector may comprise a plurality of expandable members. The method may further comprise deploying the plurality of expandable members inside the cardiovascular organ to secure the connector to the cardiovascular organ. In at least one embodiment, deploying the plurality of expandable members may comprise retracting a retaining member.
According to various embodiments, the method may comprise sliding a conduit onto a distal end of the connecting member. A distal end of the connecting member may comprise a groove. The method may also comprise positioning a spring around the conduit and in the groove of the connecting member and positioning a ring around the spring. In at least one embodiment, the conduit may comprise a duct and a reinforcing member.
In certain embodiments, a cardiovascular conduit system may comprise an apical connector. The apical connector may comprise an expandable member, and the expandable member may be deployable from a delivery configuration to a deployed configuration. The expandable member may be adapted to apply radial force to an opening in a heart when deployed. In various embodiments, a first plurality of hooks may extend from a proximal end of the expandable member. According to at least one embodiment, the expandable member may be a rolled stent that deploys by unrolling. In other embodiments, the expandable member may comprise a mesh.
According to various embodiments, the first plurality of hooks may be deployable from a delivery configuration to a deployed configuration. In some embodiments, the apical connector may comprise a second plurality of hooks extending from a distal end of the expandable member, and the second plurality of hooks may be deployable from a delivery configuration to a deployed configuration. According to at least one embodiment, the apical connector may comprise a third plurality of hooks extending from the expandable member between the first plurality of hooks and the second plurality of hooks.
According to certain embodiments, a cardiovascular conduit system may comprise a first connector. The first connector may comprise a proximal end dimensioned to be attached to a first cardiovascular organ and may also comprise a distal end. The cardiovascular conduit system may also comprise a first conduit rotatably attached to the distal end of the first connector. According to at least one embodiment, the first connector may comprise a groove formed in the distal end, and the first conduit may be positioned around an outside of the distal end of the first connector.
The cardiovascular conduit system may comprise a first spring positioned around a first end of the first conduit and seated in the groove of the first connector to rotatably secure the first conduit to the first connector. In at least one embodiment, the cardiovascular conduit system may comprise a ring positioned around the first spring and seated in the groove of the first connector. In some embodiments, the cardiovascular conduit system may comprise a second connector. The second connector may comprise a proximal end dimensioned to be attached to a second cardiovascular organ, a distal end, and a groove formed in the distal end of the second connector. The cardiovascular conduit system may also comprise a second spring positioned around the second end of the first conduit and seated in the groove of the second connector to rotatably secure the first conduit to the second connector. In some embodiments, the first connector may comprise an apical connector and the second connector may comprise an aortic connector.
According to various embodiments, the cardiovascular conduit system may further comprise a second connector. The second connector may comprise a first end, a second end, a first groove formed in the first end of the second connector, and a second groove formed in the second end of the second connector. The cardiovascular conduit system may also comprise a second conduit, a second spring positioned around a second end of the first conduit and seated in the first groove of the second connector to rotatably secure the second connector to the first conduit, and a third spring positioned around a first end of the second conduit and seated in the second groove of the second connector to rotatably secure the second conduit to the second connector.
According to some embodiments, the cardiovascular conduit system may further comprise a third connector. The third connector may comprise a proximal end dimensioned to be attached to a second cardiovascular organ, a distal end, and a groove formed in the distal end of the third connector. The cardiovascular conduit system may comprise a fourth spring positioned around a second end of the second conduit and seated in the groove of the third connector.
In certain embodiments, a method may comprise sliding a first end of a surgically implantable conduit over a cardiovascular connector, the cardiovascular connector comprising a groove in a distal end. The method may also comprise positioning a spring over the surgically implantable conduit and in the groove of the cardiovascular connector. The method may comprise coring an opening in a cardiovascular organ. The method may further comprise attaching the cardiovascular connector to the opening in the cardiovascular organ.
According to various embodiments, the method may comprise positioning a ring over the spring and in the groove of the cardiovascular connector, folding the first end of the surgically implantable conduit over the ring, and suturing the first end of the cardiovascular connector to another portion of the cardiovascular connector to hold the ring and spring in place. In at least one embodiment, attaching the cardiovascular connector to the opening in the cardiovascular organ may comprise deploying an expandable section of the cardiovascular connector inside the cardiovascular organ.
In certain embodiments, a cardiovascular conduit system may comprise a surgically implantable conduit. The surgically implantable conduit may comprise a duct and a reinforcing member attached to the duct. According to at least one embodiment, the reinforcing member may comprise a plurality of disconnected rings attached to the duct. In various embodiments, the reinforcing member may comprise a spiral reinforcing wire attached to the duct. In some embodiments, the reinforcing member may comprise a mesh of reinforcing members. In at least one embodiment, the surgically implantable conduit may be pre-shaped to extend from an apex of a heart to an aorta. In various embodiments, the surgically implantable conduit may be flexible.
Features from any of the above-mentioned embodiments may be used in combination with one another in accordance with the general principles described herein. These and other embodiments, features, and advantages will be more fully understood upon reading the following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and claims.
The accompanying drawings illustrate a number of exemplary embodiments and are part of the specification. Together with the following description these drawings demonstrate and explain various principles of the instant disclosure.
Throughout the drawings, identical reference characters and descriptions indicate similar, but not necessarily identical, elements. While embodiments of the instant disclosure are susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms, specific embodiments have been shown by way of example in the drawings and will be described in detail herein. However, one of skill in the art will understand that embodiments of the instant disclosure are not intended to be limited to the particular forms disclosed herein. Rather, the instant disclosure covers all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the scope of embodiments defined by the appended claims.
DETAILED DESCRIPTIONA physician may implant a cardiovascular conduit system to circumvent a restriction in blood flow. For example, a physician may use a cardiovascular conduit system to bypass an aortic valve in a patient with aortic valve stenosis. Similarly, a cardiovascular conduit system may be used to bypass a pulmonary valve in a patient with pulmonary valve stenosis. Physicians may also use cardiovascular conduit systems to address various other problems and diseases in a patient's cardiovascular system.
The cardiovascular conduit systems, apparatuses, and methods presented in the instant disclosure may provide various advantages. In some embodiments, physicians may implant a cardiovascular conduit system on a beating heart. Procedures performed on a beating heart may be referred to as off-pump procedures, and off-pump procedures may be less invasive than on-pump procedures (i.e., procedures that require cardiopulmonary bypass). In other embodiments, cardiovascular conduit systems may be used with traditional surgical techniques (e.g., on-pump procedures). In traditional surgical techniques, cardiovascular conduit systems may provide various advantages, such as reduced pump time and smaller incisions. Connectors in a cardiovascular conduit system may be designed to reduce the risk of aneurisms at the attachment site. The conduit in a cardiovascular conduit system may be kink and occlusion resistant. Cardiovascular conduit systems may also reduce the risk of gastrointestinal complications. The following disclosure presents numerous other features and advantages of various cardiovascular conduit systems.
The figures and description of the instant disclosure present various cardiovascular conduit systems, apparatuses, and methods.
Cardiovascular conduit systems may typically be attached to cardiovascular organs. A cardiovascular organ may be any organ in a cardiovascular system. Cardiovascular organs include the heart and all of the blood vessels (e.g., arteries and veins) in the cardiovascular system. Thus, the aorta and the pulmonary artery may be referred to as cardiovascular organs. According to some embodiments, blood vessels may also be referred to as vascular organs.
Valve housing 22 may also be connected to a first end of a conduit section 25, and a second end of conduit section 25 may be attached to a connector 29. A first end of a conduit section 27 may be attached to connector 29, and a second end of conduit section 27 may be attached to a connector 26. Connector 26 may attach conduit section 27 to aorta 14. The conduit system shown in
According to various embodiments, a physician may attach a connector of a cardiovascular conduit system to a cardiovascular organ in an off-pump procedure. Since the heart continues to beat in an off-pump procedure, a physician may need to secure the connector to the cardiovascular organ as quickly as possible after coring an opening in the organ. The connectors illustrated in
The connectors illustrated in
A delivery configuration may be a connector configuration used for inserting a connector into an opening in a cardiovascular organ. In a delivery configuration, a connector may typically be smaller than in a deployed configuration. Thus, a connector in a delivery configuration may allow for a smaller incision or opening in a cardiovascular organ than a connector in a deployed position.
As shown in
As expandable members 110 deploy, each expandable member may move independently of other expandable members. The independent movement of expandable members 110 may allow expandable members 110 to conform to the shape of the inside of a cardiovascular organ, thereby providing a relatively secure connection to the cardiovascular organ. Expandable members 110 may be spaced evenly around the perimeter of the proximal end 104 of connector 100, as shown in
Connector 100 may be made of any suitable material, including metal, plastic, pyrolitic carbon, or any suitable combination of materials. According to some embodiments, connector 100 may be rigid enough to hold open an opening in a cardiovascular organ, but not so rigid that it damages the cardiovascular organ.
In various embodiments, expandable members 110 may be made from a shape-memory material. Shape-memory materials may include, for example, shape-memory alloys, which may also be referred to as smart alloys or memory metals. According to some embodiments, shape-memory materials may exhibit pseudo-elastic and/or super-elastic properties. A shape-memory material may be a copper-zinc-aluminum alloy, a copper-aluminum-nickel alloy, a nickel-titanium alloy (e.g., NITINOL), or any other suitable shape-memory alloy. Expandable members 110 may be made from wires, tubes, or flat sheets of shape-memory material.
Connector 100 may allow for quick and secure attachment of a conduit to a cardiovascular organ without relying on sutures as the primary attachment method. While connector 100 secures itself to a cardiovascular organ from inside the organ, other connectors may include expandable members that secure to the outside of the organ. According to some embodiments, a connector may include expandable members that secure the connector to both the inside and the outside of a cardiovascular organ.
Expandable members 110 and 111 may be flexible so that they conform to the anatomy of a cardiovascular organ when they are deployed. Also, the spiral design and flexibility of expandable members 110 and 111 may allow expandable members 110 and 11 to conform to a heart by moving with the heart as the heart expands and contracts.
Connector 120 may also include a cuff 132. In some embodiments, cuff 132 may be made of a material that can be penetrated by a needle to allow a physician to suture cuff 132 to the outside of a cardiovascular organ. Suturing cuff 132 to the cardiovascular organ may help expandable members 130 hold connector 120 in place. In various embodiments, cuff 132 may include openings that allow a physician to suture cuff 132 to a cardiovascular organ. Any of the connectors disclosed herein may include a cuff or other member that allows the connector to be sutured to the cardiovascular organ. The connectors disclosed herein may include cuffs that are designed to be positioned on the outside and/or inside of a cardiovascular organ.
Connector cuffs may be made of fabric or any other suitable material. A cuff may aid in sealing the connector to the cardiovascular organ to minimize blood leakage at the interface between the connector and the cardiovascular organ. A cuff may also promote tissue in-growth that may result in a layer of tissue encapsulating the connector, which may further reduce leakage and may strengthen the connection between the connector and the cardiovascular organ.
As shown in
Connector 280 may be an expandable stent designed to expand when placed in an opening of a cardiovascular organ. Connector 280 may be deployable from a delivery configuration, as shown in
As shown in
After connector 320 is inserted into an opening in a cardiovascular organ, connector 320 may be deployed.
A first step of connecting conduit 410 to connector 420 may include sliding conduit 410 over the grooved end of connector 420, as shown in
According to various embodiments, a conduit may be rotatably attached to a connector using any suitable attachment mechanism other than a ring-and-spring assembly. In some embodiments, the conduit may be sutured to the connector to provide a fixed connection between the conduit and the connector. Suture may also be wound around the conduit in a groove of a connector to attach the connector to the conduit.
The procedure shown in
Connector 512 may be dimensioned to attach to a connector 514. Connector 514 may be attached to a first end of a conduit 516, and a connector 518 may be attached to a second end of conduit 516. Connector 518 may be an aortic connector (i.e., a connector designed to attach to an aorta or other blood vessel). Connector 518 and/or connector 502 may be any of the various connectors illustrated herein. Also, the connectors shown in
According to some embodiments, a conduit may be reinforced to provide additional strength and resistance to kinking.
Conduit reinforcement may be positioned on the interior or exterior of a duct. According to some embodiments, conduit reinforcement may be woven through duct material and/or sandwiched between two layers of duct. Conduit reinforcement may be pre-shaped to conform to a patient's anatomy, as shown in
The reinforced conduit shown in
The preceding description has been provided to enable others skilled in the art to best utilize various aspects of the exemplary embodiments described herein. This exemplary description is not intended to be exhaustive or to be limited to any precise form disclosed. Many modifications and variations are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the instant disclosure. It is desired that the embodiments described herein be considered in all respects illustrative and not restrictive and that reference be made to the appended claims and their equivalents for determining the scope of the instant disclosure.
Unless otherwise noted, the terms “a” or “an”, as used in the specification and claims, are to be construed as meaning “at least one of.” In addition, for ease of use, the words “including” and “having”, as used in the specification and claims, are interchangeable with and have the same meaning as the word “comprising.”
Claims
1. A cardiovascular conduit system comprising:
- a connector comprising:
- a proximal end adapted to attach to a cardiovascular organ, the proximal end comprising: a first plurality of expandable members, each member in the first plurality of expandable members being deployable from a delivery position having a cylindrical helical shape to a deployed position having a proximal-end planar spiral shape, the delivery position forming a circular passage through the connector, the first plurality of expandable members being dimensioned to deploy inside the cardiovascular organ to directly contact and secure the connector to the cardiovascular organ without any interposing material;
- a distal end adapted to have a conduit attached thereto;
- a mid-section between the distal and proximal ends, the mid-section comprising: a second plurality of expandable members extending from the mid-section, each member in the second plurality of expandable members being deployable from a delivery position to a deployed position having a mid-section planar spiral shape, the mid-section planar spiral shape extending from the mid-section between the distal end and the proximal end;
- an opening extending through the connector, the opening being dimensioned to transfer blood between the conduit and the cardiovascular organ, the proximal-end planar spiral shape and the mid-section planar spiral shape each being perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the opening extending through the connector.
2. The cardiovascular conduit system of claim 1, further comprising a retractable retaining member that holds the first plurality of expandable members in the delivery position.
3. The cardiovascular conduit system of claim 2, wherein the first plurality of expandable members are spaced around a perimeter of the proximal end of the connector.
4. The cardiovascular conduit system of claim 1, wherein the first plurality of expandable members comprise at least one of: shape-memory wire, shape-memory tube, or shape-memory sheet.
5. The cardiovascular conduit system of claim 1, further comprising fabric extending between at least two expandable members in the first plurality of expandable members.
6. The cardiovascular conduit system of claim 1, wherein the connector comprises an apical connector.
7. The cardiovascular conduit system of claim 1, wherein the connector further comprises an expandable mid-section between the distal and proximal ends, the expandable mid-section being deployable to apply a radial force on an opening in the cardiovascular organ.
8. The cardiovascular conduit system of claim 1, wherein the connector is dimensioned to attach to a vascular organ.
9. The cardiovascular conduit system of claim 1, wherein the first plurality of expandable members forms a cylinder in the delivery position.
10. The cardiovascular conduit system of claim 1 wherein the second plurality of expandable members is deployable from a delivery position having a cylindrical helical shape, the second plurality of expandable members being dimensioned to deploy outside the cardiovascular organ to secure the connector to the cardiovascular organ.
11. The cardiovascular conduit system of claim 1, wherein each member in the first plurality of expandable members forms a spiral in the delivery position.
12. The cardiovascular conduit system of claim 1, further comprising at least one ring member extending around the conduit and positioned within a circumferential groove in the distal end of the connector, wherein the at least one ring member comprises a spring positioned around the conduit and seated in the circumferential groove of the connector to rotatably secure the conduit to the connector.
13. The cardiovascular conduit system of claim 12, wherein the at least one ring member comprises a ring positioned around the spring and seated in the circumferential groove of the connector.
14. The cardiovascular conduit system of claim 1, wherein the conduit comprises a duct and a reinforcing member.
15. The cardiovascular conduit system of claim 1, wherein the conduit is attached to an inside of the opening in the connector.
16. The cardiovascular conduit system of claim 1, wherein the conduit is attached to an outside of the connector.
17. The cardiovascular system of claim 1, wherein the connector comprises at least one of:
- a first cuff adapted to be positioned against an outside surface of the cardiovascular organ;
- a second cuff adapted to be positioned against an inside surface of the cardiovascular organ.
18. A cardiovascular conduit system comprising:
- a conduit;
- an apical connector attached to the conduit, the apical connector comprising:
- a first expandable member and a second expandable member, the first and second expandable members being deployable from a delivery configuration having a cylindrical helical shape forming a circular passage through the apical connector to a deployed configuration having a planar spiral shape, the planar spiral shape of the deployed configuration of the first and second expandable members being perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the apical connector attached to the conduit;
- wherein the conduit is connected to an outer surface of the apical connector at a distal end of the apical connector spaced distal of both the first expandable member and the second expandable member.
19. A cardiovascular conduit system comprising:
- a first connector comprising:
- a plurality of expandable members;
- a proximal end dimensioned to be attached directly to a first cardiovascular organ with the plurality of expandable members and without any interposing material positioned between the cardiovascular organ and the expandable members;
- a distal end having a circumferential groove formed therein, the circumferential groove having a radial depth;
- a first conduit directly contacting and rotatably attached only to an exterior of the first connector only at the distal end with at least one ring member positioned around the first conduit and within the circumferential groove, the ring member having a width that is no greater than a width of the circumferential groove;
- a first spring positioned around a first end of the first conduit and seated within the radial depth of the groove of the first connector to rotatably secure the first conduit to the first connector;
- wherein the at least one ring member is positioned external to the first spring and seated within the radial depth of the groove of the first connector.
20. The cardiovascular conduit system of claim 19, wherein:
- the first connector comprises a groove formed in the distal end;
- the first conduit is positioned around an outside of the distal end of the first connector.
21. The cardiovascular conduit system of claim 19, further comprising:
- a second connector comprising:
- a proximal end dimensioned to be attached to a second cardiovascular organ;
- a distal end;
- a groove formed in the distal end of the second connector;
- a second spring positioned around the second end of the first conduit and seated in the groove of the second connector to rotatably secure the first conduit to the second connector.
22. The cardiovascular conduit system of claim 21, wherein:
- the first connector comprises an apical connector;
- the second connector comprises an aortic connector.
23. The cardiovascular conduit system of claim 19, further comprising:
- a second connector comprising:
- a first end;
- a second end;
- a first groove formed in the first end of the second connector;
- a second groove formed in the second end of the second connector; a second conduit;
- a second spring positioned around a second end of the first conduit and seated in the first groove of the second connector to rotatably secure the second connector to the first conduit;
- a third spring positioned around a first end of the second conduit and seated in the second groove of the second connector to rotatably secure the second conduit to the second connector.
24. The cardiovascular conduit system of claim 23, further comprising:
- a third connector comprising:
- a proximal end dimensioned to be attached to a second cardiovascular organ;
- a distal end;
- a groove formed in the distal end of the third connector;
- a fourth spring positioned around a second end of the second conduit and seated in the groove of the third connector.
25. A cardiovascular conduit system comprising:
- a surgically implantable conduit comprising:
- a duct having a continuous tubular structure with a fixed, non-collapsible diameter;
- a spiral shaped reinforcing member attached to the duct and extending along a single path between consecutive turns of the spiral shaped reinforcing member.
26. The cardiovascular conduit system of claim 25, wherein the cardiovascular conduit system comprises a plurality of disconnected rings attached to the duct.
27. The cardiovascular conduit system of claim 25, wherein the surgically implantable conduit is pre-shaped to extend from an apex of a heart to an aorta.
28. The cardiovascular conduit system of claim 25, wherein the surgically implantable conduit is flexible.
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Type: Grant
Filed: Dec 19, 2008
Date of Patent: Dec 9, 2014
Patent Publication Number: 20100160847
Assignee: St. Jude Medical, Inc. (St. Paul, MN)
Inventors: Peter N. Braido (Maple Grove, MN), Yousef F. Alkhatib (Maple Grove, MN)
Primary Examiner: Adam Marcetich
Application Number: 12/340,280
International Classification: A61M 5/00 (20060101); A61F 2/86 (20130101); A61F 2/90 (20130101); A61F 2/04 (20130101); A61F 2/06 (20130101); A61F 2/89 (20130101); A61F 2/848 (20130101); A61F 2/88 (20060101); A61B 17/11 (20060101); A61F 2/07 (20130101); A61B 17/00 (20060101); A61F 2/24 (20060101); A61F 2/92 (20130101);