Noble Metal Or Oxide Thereof Patents (Class 208/138)
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Patent number: 5393413Abstract: A stationary or mobile process for the selective production of aromatics, olefins and saturates from commercially available light hydrocarbon fuels using a low temperature and pressure catalytic system is described. The reforming of these products occur when the hydrocarbon fuel is passed over a dissimilar metal catalyst, preferably containing nickel and copper at low temperature (i.e., about -50.degree. F. to 250.degree. F.) and pressure (i.e., about 10 to 100 psia). The dissimilar metal catalyst is housed in a non-electrical conducting chamber and is operated with fluid Reynolds Numbers over the catalyst surface of between 2.times.10.sup.3 and 20.times.10.sup.4. The hydrocarbon fuel is recirculated, by means of a constant speed pump, over the dissimilar metal catalyst between 1 and approximately 100 times. This process results in reformed hydrocarbon fuels having superior performance qualities than the base hydrocarbon fuel.Type: GrantFiled: September 8, 1992Date of Patent: February 28, 1995Assignee: Pac Rim Products, Inc.Inventors: Anthony J. Arand, John K. Arand, Jr.
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Patent number: 5391292Abstract: Disclosed is a method for starting up a cyclic or semi-cyclic reforming reactor after catalyst regeneration. The method mitigates disruptions to the reforming unit after catalyst regeneration, such as excessive light gas make and a decrease in recycle hydrogen purity.Type: GrantFiled: December 17, 1993Date of Patent: February 21, 1995Assignee: Exxon Research and Engineering CompanyInventors: James J. Schorfheide, Albert E. Schweizer
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Patent number: 5384038Abstract: A reforming process, selective for the dehydrocyclization of paraffins to aromatics, is effected using a bed of catalyst particles containing multiple Group VIII (8-10) noble metals having different gradients within the catalyst particles and a nonacidic large-pore molecular sieve. The use of this bed of catalyst particles results in greater selectivity of conversion of paraffins to aromatics and improved catalyst stability, particularly in the presence of small amounts of sulfur.Type: GrantFiled: February 14, 1994Date of Patent: January 24, 1995Assignee: UOPInventor: Leonid B. Galperin
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Patent number: 5382353Abstract: A pretreatment process is disclosed for increasing conversion and reducing the fouling rate of reforming catalysts wherein the catalyst is pretreated at a temperature from 1025.degree. F. to 1275.degree. F. in a reducing atmosphere prior to contacting the catalyst with a hydrocarbon feed in the presence of hydrogen.Type: GrantFiled: November 15, 1993Date of Patent: January 17, 1995Assignee: Chevron Research & Technology Co., a Div. of Chevron U.S.A. Inc.Inventors: Bernard F. Mulaskey, Robert L. Hise, Steven E. Trumbull, William J. Cannella, Robert A. Innes
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Patent number: 5380425Abstract: A process for producing a low benzene content gasoline is disclosed. Catalytic reforming produces a benzene rich reformate which is fractionated to yield a benzene rich C6 fraction which is then over-alkylated, preferably with C2/C3 olefins from an FCC, to produce heavy alkylate having too high an end point for use as gasoline. Heavy alkylate is charged to an FCC reactor, along with a conventional heavy FCC feed, and converted back into a gasoline boiling range product. Heavy alkylate also produces reactive alkyl fragments in the cracking reactor which react with benzene produced during cracking of FCC heavy feed.Type: GrantFiled: August 31, 1993Date of Patent: January 10, 1995Assignee: Mobil Oil CorporationInventors: Jonathan E. Child, James K. Wolfenbarger
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Patent number: 5376259Abstract: A naphtha feed is contacted in a penultimate aromatic forming stage under catalytic aromatic forming conditions with a first catalyst. The effluent from the penultimate stage is contacted in a final aromatic forming stage under catalytic aromatic forming conditions and at substantially the same pressure as is maintained in the penultimate stage with a second catalyst. The pressure is selected to provide optimal aromatic production per calendar day from the final stage.Type: GrantFiled: July 22, 1991Date of Patent: December 27, 1994Assignee: Chevron Research and Technology CompanyInventors: Jules M. Kline, Stephen J. Miller, Bernard F. Mulaskey
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Patent number: 5368720Abstract: A two stage process for reforming a naphtha feed at low severities with tin modified platinum-iridium catalysts. In particular, both high selectivity, and high activity are manifested by such catalysts in reforming a naphtha feed at low severities in a first fixed-bed reforming stage which is comprised of a series of reforming zones, or reactors; i.e., within the dehydrogenation and ring isomerization zones of a reforming unit. The first stage zones are charged with a tin-containing platinum-iridium catalyst, and the naphtha feed reformed to produce an intermediate RON clear C.sub.5 + liquid reformate. The intermediate octane product of the first reforming stage is passed to a second stage which is comprised of one or more moving-bed reforming zones, or reactors, which are operated in a continuous catalyst regeneration mode with platinum containing catalyst.Type: GrantFiled: April 13, 1992Date of Patent: November 29, 1994Assignee: Exxon Research & Engineering Co.Inventors: John F. Dolan, Stuart S. Goldstein, George A. Swan, III
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Patent number: 5366617Abstract: A reforming process, selective for the dehydrocyclization of paraffins to aromatics, is effected using a catalyst containing a platinum-group metal, a nonacidic large-pore molecular sieve, and a metal modifier which is positioned on the catalyst to be extrinsic to the pores of the molecular sieve. The use of this catalyst results in greater selectivity converting paraffins to aromatics and improved catalyst stability particularly when processing feedstocks containing small amounts of sulfur compounds.Type: GrantFiled: December 28, 1992Date of Patent: November 22, 1994Assignee: UOPInventors: Steven A. Bradley, Leonid B. Galperin
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Patent number: 5366614Abstract: A hydrocarbon feedstock is catalytically reformed to effect dehydrocyclization of paraffins in a process combination comprising a first reforming zone containing a mixed reforming catalyst and sulfur sorbent and a sulfur-removal zone utilizing a manganese component to preclude sulfur from the feed to a second reforming zone. The process combination shows substantial benefits over prior art processes in achieving reforming-catalyst stability.Type: GrantFiled: May 18, 1993Date of Patent: November 22, 1994Assignee: UOPInventors: Michael B. Russ, Frank R. Whitsura, Roger L. Peer, Joseph Zmich, Chi-Chu D. Low
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Patent number: 5362378Abstract: The use of high silica to alumina ratio large pore zeolites, in combination with a hydrogenation/dehydrogenation component, to convert Fischer-Tropsch heavy end products which may contain paraffins, olefins and oxygenates into low pour point distillates with high cetane number and extra high VI lube is described. The lube can be dewaxed by a conventional solvent process, by a catalytic process, or by increasing the severity of the hydroisomerization step.Type: GrantFiled: December 17, 1992Date of Patent: November 8, 1994Assignee: Mobil Oil CorporationInventors: William S. Borghard, Robert T. Hanlon, Suzanne E. Schramm
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Patent number: 5358631Abstract: A process is provided for catalytic reforming or dehydrocyclization of hydrocarbons using a catalyst comprising a noble metal, and an intermediate pore size crystalline silicate having a high silica to alumina ratio and a relatively low alkali content. Preferably, the crystalline silicate is in the form of small crystallite size, such as less than 5 microns. The reforming or dehydrocyclization process is sulfur tolerant so that the reforming can be carried out in the presence of sulfur or with periodic exposure to sulfur.Type: GrantFiled: June 23, 1992Date of Patent: October 25, 1994Assignee: Chevron Research and Technology CompanyInventors: Stephen J. Miller, Bernard F. Mulasky
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Patent number: 5346611Abstract: Reforming and dehydrocyclization catalysts and processes are disclosed wherein reforming catalysts comprise a Group VIII metal and at least one bound medium pore non-zeolitic molecular sieve characterized in the calcined form by an adsorption of isobutane of at least 2 percent by weight at a partial pressure of 500 torr and a temperature of 20.degree. C. and characterized by an adsorption of triethylamine less than about 5 percent by weight at a partial pressure of 2.6 torr and a temperature of 22.degree. C. The binder preferably is alumina and/or silica, and the Group VIII metal preferably is platinum.Type: GrantFiled: July 2, 1993Date of Patent: September 13, 1994Assignee: UOPInventors: Peter K. Coughlin, Regis J. Pellet
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Patent number: 5342506Abstract: Catalytic reforming wherein the lead reactor contains a catalyst comprised of platinum and a relatively low level of Re on an inorganic oxide support. The tail reactor contains a tin modified platinum-iridium catalyst wherein the metals are substantially uniformly dispersed throughout the inorganic oxide support.Type: GrantFiled: December 30, 1992Date of Patent: August 30, 1994Assignee: Exxon Research and Engineering CompanyInventors: William C. Baird, Jr., George A. Swan, III, Joseph P. Boyle, Eduardo Mon
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Patent number: 5328595Abstract: Catalytic reforming of a naphtha feed with large-pore zeolites containing Group VIII metals and Group IA or Group IIA metal cations.Type: GrantFiled: November 2, 1992Date of Patent: July 12, 1994Assignee: Chevron Research and Technology CompanyInventor: Andrew Rainis
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Patent number: 5302279Abstract: Hydrocarbon lubricants having a high viscosity index (V.I.) and low pour point are produced by hydroisomerizing, over zeolite beta, a waxy lube feed such as a waxy vacuum gas oil whose aromatic components are removed by extraction, e.g. with furfural. The zeolite beta catalyst comprises noble metal, e.g., Pt, and a low acidity zeolite beta, e.g., framework boron-containing zeolite beta.Type: GrantFiled: December 23, 1992Date of Patent: April 12, 1994Assignee: Mobil Oil CorporationInventors: Thomas F. Degnan, Quang N. Le
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Patent number: 5300211Abstract: A hydrocarbon feedstock is catalytically reformed to effect dehydrocyclization of paraffins in a process combination comprising a first reforming zone and a sulfur-removal zone utilizing a manganese component to preclude sulfur from the feed to a second reforming zone. The process combination shows substantial benefits over prior art processes in the stability of the extremely sulfur-sensitive catalyst utilized in the second reforming zone.Type: GrantFiled: December 29, 1992Date of Patent: April 5, 1994Assignee: UOPInventors: Michael B. Russ, Roger L. Peer, Joseph Zmich, Chi-Chu D. Low
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Patent number: 5298154Abstract: A catalytic composite comprising a combination of catalytically effective amounts of a platinum component, optionally a second metal component such as tin or rhenium, and a halogen component with a porous carrier support material is disclosed. The platinum, second metal (if present) and halogen components are present in the catalytic composite in amounts, calculated on an elemental basis, of about 0.2 to about 0.4 wt. percent platinum metal, about 0.2 to about 0.5 wt. percent the second metal, and 0.5 to about 1.5 wt. percent halogen. Moreover, the metallic components are substantially uniformly distributed throughout the porous carrier support material. The support material is spherical gamma alumina having a characteristic pore structure including "superpores" (200-10,000 nm or greater) interconnected with "mesopores" (5-20 nm), wherein 80% or more of the pore volume (N.sub.2) resides in pores of less than 150 .ANG..Type: GrantFiled: July 13, 1992Date of Patent: March 29, 1994Inventors: Gyanesh P. Khare, Roland von Ballmoos
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Patent number: 5292427Abstract: Staged-Acidity Naphtha Reforming provides increased C.sub.5+ liquid yields by systematically adjusting catalyst acidity within a multireactor reformer to match the different acid strengths required to selectively aromatize naphthene and paraffin hydrocarbon as they traverse the reformer train.Type: GrantFiled: December 17, 1992Date of Patent: March 8, 1994Assignee: Exxon Research & Engineering Co.Inventors: Gary B. McVicker, John J. Ziemiak
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Patent number: 5269907Abstract: A process for reforming a naphtha feed at low severities with tin modified platinum-iridium catalysts. In particular, both high selectivity, and high activity are manifested by such catalysts in reforming a naphtha feed at low severities in the lead reactor, or reactors, of a series of reactors; i.e., within the dehydrogenation and ring isomerization zone, or zones, of a reforming unit. The lead reactors of the series are charged with a tin-containing platinum-iridium catalyst, and the naphtha feed reformed to produce a low RON clear C.sub.5 + liquid reformate. The low octane product of the lead reactors may be transferred to a mogas pool, into blending components, or all or some part of the product further reformed. Preferably, the product is further reformed in a tail reactor, and preferably the tail reactor is charged with a non-tin containing platinum, or platinum-iridium catalyst.Type: GrantFiled: March 6, 1992Date of Patent: December 14, 1993Assignee: Exxon Research and Engineering Co.Inventors: William C. Baird, Joseph P. Boyle, George A. Swan, III
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Patent number: 5262045Abstract: Novel catalyst composite material is disclosed which comprises in combination a crystalline metallosilicate zeolite in terms of mole ratios having the general formula:O-below 0.4X:M.sub.2 O.sub.3 :30-300SiO.sub.2 :10H.sub.2 Owherein M is iron, lanthanum or mixtures thereof and X is selected from the oxides of sodium, hydrogen, platinum, iridium, rhenium and mixtures thereof, alumina and a chlorine component. This catalyst has a long and stable activity and no loss of components is encountered during the reforming of pyrolysis naptha and more importantly it is observed that the pyrolysis naptha does not have to be hydrogenated prior to contacting it with the catalyst. Reforming of pyrolysis naptha to a liquid fraction containing more than 99% of aromatic hydrocarbons is achieved.Type: GrantFiled: November 5, 1991Date of Patent: November 16, 1993Assignee: Council of Scientific & Industrial ResearchInventors: Katikaneni S. P. Rao, Subramanian Sivasanker, Paul Ratnasamy, Kondam M. Reddy
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Patent number: 5256277Abstract: Paraffins, especially paraffins in the C.sub.4 -C.sub.8 range, are isomerized to iso-paraffins over an isomerization catalyst comprising a noble metal such as platinum on a support material comprising an inorganic, non-layered, porous, crystalline phase aluminosilicate material with pores of at least 13 .ANG. and which exhibits, after calcination, an X-ray diffraction pattern with at least one peak at a d-spacing greater than 18 .ANG.. These materials have a high surface area and sorption capacity marked by a benzene adsorption capacity of greater than about 15 grams benzene per 100 grams at 50 torr and 25.degree. C. In its preferred form, the support material has a uniform, hexagonal arrangement of pores with diameters of at least about 13 .ANG. and a hexagonal electron diffraction pattern that can be indexed with a d.sub.100 value greater than about 18 .ANG. which corresponds to at least one peak in the X-ray diffraction pattern.Type: GrantFiled: July 24, 1991Date of Patent: October 26, 1993Assignee: Mobil Oil CorporationInventors: Kenneth J. Del Rossi, George H. Hatzikos, Albin Huss, Jr.
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Patent number: 5248409Abstract: Rare earth oxides, such as Nd.sub.2 O.sub.3 disperse onto the surface of SiO.sub.2 /Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 and act as weakly basic titrants. This lowers the acidity of SiO.sub.2 /Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 to close to that of chlorided alumina, as shown by model compound reaction tests. This support also disperses a noble metal such as Pt much better than undoped SiO.sub.2 /Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 and similar to chlorided alumina. Platinum on the rare earth modified silica alumina can function as a hydrocarbon conversion catalyst in reactions where Pt/chlorided Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 is used, such as in reforming, and isomerization, especially wax isomerization.Type: GrantFiled: August 20, 1992Date of Patent: September 28, 1993Assignee: Exxon Research & Engineering CompanyInventors: Stuart L. Soled, Gary B. McVicker, William E. Gates
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Patent number: 5235121Abstract: The present invention provides a method and apparatus for reforming a hydrocarbon feedstock in the presence of steam using a steam-active reforming catalyst The present invention can generally be used in conjunction with any steam-active reforming processes wherein the hydrocarbon reforming and catalyst regeneration operations are conducted simultaneously and the catalyst is regenerated using a steam-diluted oxygen (or air) regeneration medium. In the present invention, catalyst regeneration effluent gas is advantageously reused in the reforming operation to provide at least a portion of the steam environment required for reforming the hydrocarbon feedstock. Free oxygen is preferably removed from the regeneration effluent gas before the regeneration effluent gas is brought into contact with the hydrocarbon feedstock.Type: GrantFiled: August 2, 1991Date of Patent: August 10, 1993Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventors: Francis M. Brinkmeyer, Warren M. Ewert, Homer M. Fox, D. F. Rohr, Jr.
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Patent number: 5233118Abstract: A process for the steam dehydrogenation of hydrocarbons which utilizes a novel catalytic composition is disclosed. The catalyst composite comprises a Group VIII noble metal component, a Group IA or IIA metal component, and a component selected from the group consisting of tin, germanium, lead, indium, gallium thallium, or mixtures thereof, all on an essentially theta-alumina support having a surface area of from about 50 to 120 m2/g, and an Apparent Bulk Density of 0.5 g/cm3 or more. The process is performed at a water to hydrocarbon molar ratio of 0.25:1 to 10:1.Type: GrantFiled: January 22, 1992Date of Patent: August 3, 1993Assignee: UOPInventors: Jeffery C. Bricker, Deng-Yang Jan, John M. Foresman
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Patent number: 5233121Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for isomerizing a light paraffinic naphtha feedstock having a boiling range from about 50.degree. F. to about 210.degree. F. and containing at least 85 weight percent aliphatic hydrocarbon having 6 carbon atoms or less. The process comprises contacting the feedstock at isomerization conditions with an isomerization catalyst comprising a zeolite beta component.Type: GrantFiled: August 4, 1992Date of Patent: August 3, 1993Assignee: Amoco CorporationInventor: Frank S. Modica
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Patent number: 5225071Abstract: Reforming and dehydrocyclization catalysts and processes are disclosed wherein reforming catalysts comprise a Group VIII metal and at least one medium pore non-zeolitic molecular sieve characterized in the calcined form by an adsorption of isobutane of at least 2 percent by weight at a partial pressure of 500 torr and a temperature of 20.degree. C. and characterized by an adsorption of triethylamine less than about 5 percent by weight at a partial pressure of 2.6 torr and a temperature of 22.degree. C. In one embodiment the catalyst includes a Group VII metal on a halogenated carrier.Type: GrantFiled: March 23, 1992Date of Patent: July 6, 1993Assignee: UOPInventors: Peter K. Coughlin, Regis J. Pellet
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Patent number: 5221465Abstract: Tin modified platinum-iridium catalysts provide high yields of C.sub.5 +liquid reformate in catalytic reforming, concurrent with high activity. In particular, the tin modified platinum-iridium catalysts are of unusually high selectivity, as contrasted with known iridium promoted platinum catalysts. The high selectivity is manifested in reforming a naphtha feed in a reactor charged to capacity with the catalyst, but particularly when used in the dehydrocyclization zone, or tail reactor of a series of reactors, while the lead reactors of the series contain a non tin-containing platinum catalyst, especially a platinum-iridium, or a platinum-rhenium catalyst. The tin modified platinum-iridium catalysts are also highly active, with only moderate loss in the high activity for which iridium stabilized platinum catalysts are known.Type: GrantFiled: December 30, 1991Date of Patent: June 22, 1993Assignee: Exxon Research and Engineering CompanyInventors: William C. Baird, Jr., George A. Swan, III, Joseph P. Boyle
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Patent number: 5221464Abstract: Supports for catalytic reforming catalysts are prepared by doping ZrO.sub.2 with tantalum. The catalyst may contain a Group VII or Group VIII metal and/or an acidic component.Type: GrantFiled: August 12, 1991Date of Patent: June 22, 1993Assignee: Sun Company, Inc. (R&M)Inventors: Vincent A. Durante, Aristides Macris, Rangasamy Pitchai, Xenophon E. Verykios
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Patent number: 5215652Abstract: The invention presented involves a method for regenerating, replacing or treating the catalyst in a hydroprocessing reactor, the method comprising admixing with the feedstock, recycle stream or hydrogen stream of the reactor an additive which comprises a nonionic, organometallic platinum group metal coordination composition which is a) resistant to breakdown under ambient temperatures; b) capable of breakdown at temperatures existing in the vicinity of the catalyst; and c) does not contain a disadvantageous amount of phosphorus, arsenic, sulfur, antimony or halides.Type: GrantFiled: January 27, 1989Date of Patent: June 1, 1993Assignee: Platinum Plus, Inc.Inventors: W. Robert Epperly, Barry N. Sprague, Danny T. Kelso, Wayne E. Bowers
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Patent number: 5211837Abstract: A hydrocarbon feedstock is catalytically reformed to effect dehydrocyclization of paraffins in a process combination comprising a first reforming zone and a sulfur-removal zone utilizing a manganese component to preclude sulfur from the feed to a second reforming zone. The process combination shows substantial benefits over prior art processes in the stability of the extremely sulfur-sensitive catalyst utilized in the second reforming zone.Type: GrantFiled: February 27, 1992Date of Patent: May 18, 1993Assignee: UOPInventors: Michael B. Russ, Roger L. Peer, Joseph Zmich, Chi-Chu D. Low
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Patent number: 5210348Abstract: A substantially benzene-free product suitable for gasoline blending is formed from a benzene-containing refinery stream. At least about 30% of the benzene initially present in the stream is catalytically alkylated with C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 olefins to form alkylated products. Most preferably, the alkylation zone is present in the distillation column and the alkylated products drop to the lower portion of the column and are recovered with the heavy fraction. Alternatively, the alkylation zone is downstream of the distillation column and a secondary distillation column removes the heavier alkylated products. The remaining light fraction is hydrogenated to convert substantially all of the remaining non-alkylated benzene to cyclohexane and is isomerized to boost the octane of C.sub.5 -C.sub.7 paraffins, preferably in a single reactor.Type: GrantFiled: May 23, 1991Date of Patent: May 11, 1993Assignee: Chevron Research and Technology CompanyInventors: C. Richard Hsieh, Richard C. Robinson
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Patent number: 5207892Abstract: Novel catalyst compositions comprising a metal hydrogenation component and a modified form of zeolite Y are found to be highly effective in the hydrocarbon conversion processes carried out in the presence of added hydrogen and involving hydrogenation as an essential reaction mechanism. The modified form of zeolite Y is prepared from a starting zeolite Y which has been ammonium cation exchanged to lower the alkali metal content to less than 3.0 weight percent. The starting composition is then steamed at temperatures above about 550.degree. C. to reduce the unit cell dimension and then contacted with an aqueous ammonium ion solution having a pH below about 4 to increase the bulk Si/Al.sub.2 ratio to the range of about 6.5 to 20.Type: GrantFiled: December 24, 1990Date of Patent: May 4, 1993Assignee: UOPInventors: James G. Vassilakis, Donald F. Best
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Patent number: 5186816Abstract: A high aromatic-content solvent having a boiling point range of 185.degree.-245.degree. C. and a mixed aniline point of not higher than 21.degree. C. is produced by reforming a petroleum fraction containing at least 50% by volume of components having a boiling point range of 150.degree.-215.degree. C. and then subjecting to a fractional distillation.Type: GrantFiled: March 12, 1990Date of Patent: February 16, 1993Assignee: Nippon Mining Co., Ltd.Inventors: Fumio Maruyama, Shiro Aizawa, Kazuo Fujiyoshi
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Patent number: 5171691Abstract: A method is provided of selecting operating parameters for a reforming process having at least penultimate and final reforming stages, each containing a respective catalyst, for optimum OB/CD production of product reformate having a selected RON and/or over a particular run length. The catalyst lives are determined at constant LHSV for the penultimate and final stage catalysts for a give feed octane to each stage as a function of the change in RON from that of the feed to that of the C.sub.5 + effluent from the respective stage. The penultimate stage C.sub.5 + effluent RON is selected to be such that the lives of the catalysts in each stage are substantially equal. Preferably the yield of C.sub.5 + effluent from each stage and the life of the catalyst used in each stage is determined as a function of the reforming pressure of that stage. The operating pressures of the stages are then selected to be within about 30% of that which gives the highest OB/CD.Type: GrantFiled: March 2, 1990Date of Patent: December 15, 1992Assignee: Chevron Research and Technology CompanyInventors: Jules M. Kline, Stephen J. Miller, Bernard F. Mulaskey
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Patent number: 5157187Abstract: There is provided a method for reducing the pour point of an alkyl aromatic lube base stock by hydroisomerizing alkyl side groups on alkyl aromatic compounds. The alkyl aromatic, compounds may be alkylated naphthalenes. The hydroisomerization reaction may take place over a catalyst comprising zeolite beta and platinum.Type: GrantFiled: January 2, 1991Date of Patent: October 20, 1992Assignee: Mobil Oil Corp.Inventors: Quang N. Le, Stephen S. Wong
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Patent number: 5155075Abstract: A process for regenerating a coke contaminated reforming catalyst comprising platinum on a molecular sieve, said process consisting essentially of contacting said catalyst with a halogen-free oxygen-containing gas at a temperature of less than 780.degree. F. for a sufficient period of time such that the aromatization activity is restored to within 20.degree. F. of the activity said catalyst possessed at the start of the previous run cycle.Type: GrantFiled: March 1, 1991Date of Patent: October 13, 1992Assignee: Chevron Research and Technology CompanyInventors: Robert A. Innes, Dennis L. Holtermann, Bernard F. Mulaskey
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Patent number: 5152884Abstract: Zeolites washed with aqueous solutions or water to exhibit pH in the range of 9.4 to 10.0 and preferably 9.6 to 10.0 which can be converted to reforming catalysts with enhanced activity, selectivity and activity maintenance. Also processes for washing the zeolite to the target pH range and processes for using catalysts made with the washed zeolite to reform naphtha feeds.Type: GrantFiled: September 7, 1990Date of Patent: October 6, 1992Assignee: Exxon Chemicals Patents Inc.Inventors: Jar-Lin Kao, Murray Nadler, Mark J. Potter, Roque V. Martir
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Patent number: 5151259Abstract: A crystalline aluminosilicate having its anhydrous state a formula expressed in terms of mol ratios as follows:xQ:0.01-0.1 M.sub.2/n O:0-0.8 Z.sub.2 O.sub.3 :SiO.sub.2 :0.0001-0.5 MeS,wherein:Q is an organic nitrogen compound;Z is aluminium, boron, gallium or mixtures thereof;x is between 0 and 0.5;M is at least one metal cation of valence n; andMe is at least one of the metals which form an insoluble sulfide compound.Type: GrantFiled: December 18, 1990Date of Patent: September 29, 1992Assignee: Haldor Topsoe A/SInventor: Niels J. Blom
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Patent number: 5137620Abstract: A reforming process using a Supported Group VIII noble metal reforming catalyst which has been pretreated with an unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon at elevated temperatures, thereby lowering activity during initial reforming operations and reducing gas production during the initial operation.Type: GrantFiled: May 20, 1991Date of Patent: August 11, 1992Assignee: Exxon Research and Engineering CompanyInventors: John L. Robbins, Elise Marucchi-Soos, Ming Chow, William E. Gates, Shun C. Fung, Joseph P. Boyle
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Patent number: 5114565Abstract: Catalytic reforming processes using boron-containing large-pore zeolites.Type: GrantFiled: January 25, 1991Date of Patent: May 19, 1992Assignee: Chevron Research and Technology CompanyInventors: Stacey I. Zones, Dennis L. Holtermann, Andrew Rainis
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Patent number: 5108582Abstract: An aromatic-hydrocarbon solvent is utilized to purge contaminants, such as sulfur, from a conversion system. Complementary contaminant-removal steps may include oxidation, reduction, and contaminant removal with a sacrificial particulate bed. This solvent purge avoids deactivation of a subsequently loaded contaminant-sensitive catalyst, such as a reforming catalyst selective for dehydrocyclization.Type: GrantFiled: June 3, 1991Date of Patent: April 28, 1992Assignee: UOPInventors: Arthur A. Foutsitzis, Frank G. Padrta, Michael B. Russ
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Patent number: 5106809Abstract: Tin modified platinum-iridium catalysts provide high yields of C.sub.5 + liquid reformate in catalytic reforming, concurrent with high activity. In particular, the tin modified platinum-iridium catalysts are of unusually high selectivity, as contrasted with known iridium promoted platinum catalysts. The high selectivity is manifested in reforming a naphtha feed in a reactor charged to capacity with the catalyst, but particularly when used in the dehydrocyclization zone, or tail reactor of a series of reactors, while the lead reactors of the series contain a non tin-containing platinum catalyst, especially a platinum-iridium, or a platinum-rhenium catalyst. The tin modified platinum-iridium catalysts are also highly active, with only moderate loss in the high activity for which iridium stabilized platinum catalysts are known.Type: GrantFiled: December 14, 1990Date of Patent: April 21, 1992Assignee: Exxon Research and Engineering CompanyInventors: William C. Baird, Jr., George A. Swan, III, Joseph P. Boyle
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Patent number: 5106800Abstract: The activity and stability of a catalyst are enhanced by substantially precluding water contact between a catalyst finishing step and startup of a process unit utilizing the catlayst. Water is precluded from contacting the catalyst during catalyst finishing and loading at the fabrication site, transportation to the conversion site, and loading, activation, and startup in the reactors of the process unit.Type: GrantFiled: December 20, 1990Date of Patent: April 21, 1992Assignee: UOPInventors: Mark D. Moser, R. Joe Lawson
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Patent number: 5106484Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for treating hydrotreated naphtha which involves treating the naphtha over massive nickel catalyst followed by treating the naphtha over a metal oxide under conditions effective for removing impurities from said naphtha to result in substantially purified naphtha, wherein the metal oxide is selected from the group of metal oxides having a free energy of formation of sulfide which exceeds said free energy of formation of platinum sulfide, such as manganous oxide. In so doing, naphtha in the gas phase in the presence of hydrogen is passed over the manganous oxide at a temperature within the range of about 800.degree. F. and 1100.degree. F., a hydrogen to oil molar ratio between about 1:1 and 6:1, a whsv between about 2 and 8, and pressure between about 50 and 300 psig; and the naphtha in the liquid phase at a temperature between about 300.degree. F. and about 350.degree. F., and whsv less than about 5 is passed over the massive nickel.Type: GrantFiled: December 19, 1990Date of Patent: April 21, 1992Assignee: Exxon Chemical Patents Inc.Inventors: Murray Nadler, John F. Walsh, David S. Brown
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Patent number: 5091073Abstract: This invention relates to a novel synthetic crystalline molecular sieve composition, MCM-37, which may contain framework +3 valence element, e.g. aluminum, and +5 valence element, e.g. phosphorus or with an addition +4 valence element, e.g. silicon, and to use thereof as a support and in catalytic conversion of organic compounds. The crystalline composition of this invention can easily be converted to catalytically active material.Type: GrantFiled: July 13, 1990Date of Patent: February 25, 1992Assignee: Mobil Oil Corp.Inventors: Clarence D. Chang, Cynthia T. W. Chu, Ralph M. Dessau, John B. Higgins, John D. Lutner, John D. Schlenker
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Patent number: 5091075Abstract: A process for the reforming of hydrocarbons is improved by the use of an enhanced nucleate boiling surface in a selected portion of the feed effluent heat exchanger. In a vertical type heat exchanger where the reforming feedstream enters at a lower end of the heat exchanger and is at least partially vaporized in the heat exchanger by contact with a reforming effluent stream that enters an upper end of the heat exchanger and is at least partially condensed therein, an enhanced nucleate boiling surface is formed on the heat exchange surface that is in contact with the entering liquid phase portion of the stream feed. The enhanced nucleate boiling surface increases the amount of condensing that takes place on the opposite side of the heat exchange surface in a boiling-condensing zone.Type: GrantFiled: July 6, 1990Date of Patent: February 25, 1992Assignee: UOPInventors: Patrick S. O'Neill, Elias G. Ragi, Thomas J. Godry
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Patent number: 5073250Abstract: A naphtha feed is contacted in a penultimate reforming stage under catalytic reforming conditions with a first catalyst. The effluent from the penultimate reforming stage is contacted in a final reforming stage under catalytic reforming conditions and at substantially the same pressure as is maintained in the penultimate reforming stage with a second catalyst. The reforming pressure is selected to provide optimal OB/CD production of product reformate of a desired RON from the final stage.Type: GrantFiled: March 2, 1990Date of Patent: December 17, 1991Assignee: Chevron Research & Technology CompanyInventors: Jules M. Kline, Stephen J. Miller, Bernard F. Mulaskey
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Patent number: 5059304Abstract: A process is disclosed for removing sulfur from a naphtha feedstream comprising contacting a naphtha feed with a platinum on alumina sulfur conversion catalyst under mild reforming conditions so that thiophenic and other organic sulfur compounds are converted to hydrogen sulfide without any significant cracking of the naphtha feed. Thereafter, the naphtha feed stream is contacted with a sulfur sorbent that has a metal component selected from Group I-A or Group II-A of the Periodic Table supported on a refractory inorganic oxide support, to remove hydrogen sulfide from the naphtha feed.Type: GrantFiled: November 30, 1988Date of Patent: October 22, 1991Assignee: Chevron Research CompanyInventor: Leslie A. Field
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Patent number: 5045178Abstract: A process for producing methylnaphthalenes is disclosed, comprising subjecting a fraction containing at least 50% by volume of components within the boiling range of 195.degree.-215.degree. C., which is obtained by distilling a raffinate resulting from the recovery of normal paraffins from a hydrodesulfurized kerosene fraction, to reforming reaction and then recovering methylnaphthalenes from the product oil.Type: GrantFiled: March 9, 1990Date of Patent: September 3, 1991Assignee: Nippon Mining Co., Ltd.Inventors: Fumio Maruyama, Shirou Aizawa, Kazuo Fujiyoshi
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Patent number: 5041208Abstract: A novel noble metal containing high SiO.sub.2 /Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 ratio large pore zeolite catalyst is used for the direct reforming and desulfurization of olefinic gasolines derived from catalytic cracking processes. The aromatic gasoline obtained from this process has a higher octane rating and is lower in sulfur than the FCC gasoline fraction feed.Type: GrantFiled: December 6, 1989Date of Patent: August 20, 1991Assignee: Mobil Oil CorporationInventors: Randall D. Patridge, Monique A. Schobert, Stephen S. Wong