With Solid Catalyst Or Absorbent Patents (Class 208/213)
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Patent number: 4536276Abstract: There is disclosed a system for measuring and controlling the concentration of hydrogen in hydrogen recycle processes used in oil refineries and petrochemical plants. The system is intended to permit reduction in hydrogen use in hydrogen-consuming hydrogen recycle processes. The system is dependent on the recognition that a decrease in cooling medium temperature results in an increase in vent gas flow, which can be decreased to the minimum permissible without endangering catalyst activity and stability and product yield if hydrogen concentration is monitored, and that partial pressure is the key parameter.Type: GrantFiled: June 28, 1984Date of Patent: August 20, 1985Assignee: UOP Inc.Inventor: Don B. Carson
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Patent number: 4524234Abstract: The process for the production of hydrocarbons from a feedstock comprising compounds of the formula R--X wherein X is a moiety containing at least one of halogen, sulfur, oxygen, and nitrogen, wherein the feedstock is contacted with an aluminophosphate molecular sieve of U.S. Pat. No. 4,310,440 at effective process conditions to produce light olefin products.Type: GrantFiled: October 19, 1984Date of Patent: June 18, 1985Assignee: Union Carbide CorporationInventor: Steven W. Kaiser
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Patent number: 4522706Abstract: Hydrocarbon treating processes such as catalytic cracking and fluid coking are provided in which a perovskite-containing catalytic composition is used as catalyst. The perovskite-containing catalytic composition is produced by interrupting the reaction of perovskite precursors after formation of at least 60 wt. % perovskite and before formation of more than 99 wt. % perovskite from the precursors.Type: GrantFiled: December 23, 1983Date of Patent: June 11, 1985Assignee: Exxon Research & Engineering Co.Inventors: Kenneth S. Wheelock, Robert C. Schucker
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Patent number: 4518481Abstract: An oxidation-resistant hydrocarbon oil composition is made by catalytically hydrogen-refining under relatively severe conditions a hydrocarbon oil basestock boiling in the lube oil boiling range and separately catalytically hydrogen-refining under relatively mild conditions a hydrocarbon fraction boiling in the lube oil range and having an aniline point exceeding 60.degree. C. and a sulfur content of at least 2.0 wt %. The resulting severely-refined basestock has a sulfur content not greater than 0.10 wt % and the resulting mildly-refined fraction has a sulfur content of at least 1.0 wt %, and the desired oxidation resistant composition is a blend comprising 85 to 99.9 wt % of the former and 15 to 0.1 wt % of the latter.Type: GrantFiled: August 10, 1983Date of Patent: May 21, 1985Assignee: Exxon Research & Engineering Co.Inventor: Pierre D. Marin
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Patent number: 4510046Abstract: The catalytic hydrodenitrogenation of an organic nitrogen compound is carried out in the presence of a catalyst composition comprising platinum, titanium and a support.Type: GrantFiled: December 6, 1983Date of Patent: April 9, 1985Inventor: Stephen L. Parrott
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Patent number: 4508616Abstract: A catalyst for use in the conversion of heavy hydrocarbons to light ones, the catalyst being prepared from a naturally occurring material characterized by an elemental composition comprising aluminum, iron, silicon, magnesium and titanium by the thermal and chemical treatment of the naturally occurring material with steam/H.sub.2 +H.sub.2 S so as to change the physical properties and surface chemical properties of the starting material.Type: GrantFiled: May 23, 1984Date of Patent: April 2, 1985Assignee: Intevep, S.A.Inventors: Jose M. Larrauri, Beairit C. Arias, Roberto E. Galiasso
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Patent number: 4502946Abstract: Process for the complete replacement under operating conditions of particles in a vessel provided with a feed inlet and, if desired, a separate particle inlet, a particle outlet and an effluent outlet, wherein part of the feed passing through the vessel during withdrawal of particles is by-passing the vessel when the particles still present in the vessel do not occupy more than 20% v of the volume initially occupied by particles and the feed is passed through the vessel before or during the addition of fresh particles.The process is particularly suitable for the complete replacement under operating conditions of spent hydrodemetallization catalysts.Type: GrantFiled: March 28, 1984Date of Patent: March 5, 1985Assignee: Shell Oil CompanyInventor: Gerrit J. Pronk
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Patent number: 4483764Abstract: Hydrocarbon conversion process catalyst comprising an active metallic component comprising at least one metal having hydrocarbon conversion activity and at least one oxygenated phosphorus component, and a support component comprising at least one porous refractory inorganic oxide matrix component and at least one crystalline molecular sieve zeolite component.Type: GrantFiled: October 27, 1983Date of Patent: November 20, 1984Assignee: Standard Oil Company (Indiana)Inventors: Albert L. Hensley, Jr., Jeffrey T. Miller, Thomas D. Nevitt, A. Martin Tait
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Patent number: 4482450Abstract: A process for catalytic reaction of heavy oils and a particulate solid medium, which comprises withdrawing a part or the whole of the used medium from the reactor, separating the withdrawn particles into the particles which have been rendered magnetic by the deposition thereon of nickel, vanadium, iron and copper originally contained in the heavy oils, and non-magnetic particles, using a high gradient magnetic separator which is so designed that a ferromagnetic matrix is placed in a uniform high magnetic field, and returning the non-magnetic particles of the medium into the reactor for re-use.Type: GrantFiled: October 3, 1983Date of Patent: November 13, 1984Assignee: Nippon Oil Company, Ltd.Inventors: Masaru Ushio, Toru Morita, Takeshi Ishii, Yasuyuki Oishi
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Patent number: 4411770Abstract: This invention provides an improved process for hydroconversion of a heavy hydrocarbon oil having a CCR content of 8-30 weight percent, which process involves contacting the heavy oil in a hydrovisbreaking zone containing a low acidity zeolite catalyst and recovering and fractionating the visbroken effluent to provide distillate products and a 1000.degree. F.+ fraction which has a Kinematic Viscosity between about 30,000-60,000 centistokes at 100.degree. F.Type: GrantFiled: April 16, 1982Date of Patent: October 25, 1983Assignee: Mobil Oil CorporationInventors: Nai Y. Chen, Eric J. Scott, David S. Shihabi
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Patent number: 4406772Abstract: Heavy hydrocarbon oils such as vacuum residues are converted into light hydrocarbon oils by reaction with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst. The catalyst is obtained as a by-product in the system and includes a coke produced by the hydrotreatment and metal components, such as vanadium and nickel, derived from the heavy hydrocarbon oils and deposited on the coke during the hydrotreatment. A portion of the reaction residue is subjected to a treatment to recover the metal components, a part of which are used in the catalyst.Type: GrantFiled: June 11, 1982Date of Patent: September 27, 1983Assignee: Director-General of Agency of Industrial Science & TechnologyInventors: Yoshiyuki Sasaki, Etsuro Nakamura, Yoshimoto Ojima, Teruo Kondo, Koji Ukegawa, Akimitsu Matsumura
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Patent number: 4397736Abstract: A process of recovering the hydrocarbon values from low organic carbon content deposits comprises the hydrotreating of hydrocarbons from those deposits in the presence of supercritical alkane-containing solvType: GrantFiled: April 1, 1981Date of Patent: August 9, 1983Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventor: Jim Y. Low
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Patent number: 4378308Abstract: Metal poisoning of hydrodesulfurization catalysts is reduced by coating the catalyst surface with a hydrated clay mineral, hydrated alumina, hydrated silica, or mixtures thereof. The catalyst and process in which it is used are particularly useful for the desulfurization of residual oils to produce low-sulfur, fuel oil products.Type: GrantFiled: November 26, 1980Date of Patent: March 29, 1983Assignee: Mobil Oil CorporationInventors: Philip J. Angevine, Edward J. Rosinski
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Patent number: 4342643Abstract: A shaped catalyst and methods of use are provided. The catalyst has substantially the shape of a cylinder having a plurality of longitudinal channels extending radially from the circumference of the cylinder and defining protrusions therebetween, said protrusions having a maximum width greater than the maximum width of the channels.Type: GrantFiled: June 5, 1981Date of Patent: August 3, 1982Assignee: Chevron Research CompanyInventor: Chwan P. Kyan
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Patent number: 4338186Abstract: A process for converting the raffinate from an HCl-treated shale oil to a suitable feedstock for a hydrocracking reactor for making fuels from the raffinate by hydrotreating the raffinate and thereafter water quenching the hydrotreated product.Type: GrantFiled: November 17, 1980Date of Patent: July 6, 1982Assignee: Suntech, Inc.Inventors: Henry E. Reif, Jeffrey P. Schwedock
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Patent number: 4313820Abstract: Hydrogen sulfide is removed from a fluid stream by contacting the fluid stream which contains hydrogen sulfide with an absorbing composition comprising zinc, titanium and at least one promoter selected from the group consisting of vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, molybdenum, rhenium, and compounds thereof. If organic sulfur compounds are present in the fluid stream, the absorbing composition acts as a hydrodesulfurization catalyst to convert the sulfur in the organic sulfur compounds to hydrogen sulfide which is subsequently removed from the fluid stream by the absorbing composition. If olefin contaminants are present in the fluid stream, the absorbing composition acts as hydrogenation catalyst to hydrogenate the olefin contaminants to paraffins.Type: GrantFiled: September 23, 1980Date of Patent: February 2, 1982Assignee: Phillips Petroleum Co.Inventors: Floyd E. Farha, Jr., Lloyd E. Gardner
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Patent number: 4312741Abstract: A catalytic process for the conversion of hydrocarbons or bituminous shales or carbon monoxide in the liquid phase in contact with hydrogen flowing upwardly through a series of successive stages, each containing a catalyst bed either semi-stationary or dispersed in the charge, the catalyst being maintained at each stage by an upward flow of hydrogen or hydrocarbon supplied below an opening in the partition wall between two successive stages and periodically allowed to pass from one stage to the next through said opening, by discontinuing said upward flow.Type: GrantFiled: July 9, 1980Date of Patent: January 26, 1982Assignee: Institut Francais du PetroleInventor: Yves Jacquin
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Patent number: 4294688Abstract: Heat transfer in a hydrocarbon conversion process utilizing a magnetically stabilized fluid bed reactor and a magnetically stabilized catalyst regenerator is improved by the use of a fluidizable solids mixture comprising substantially inert heat carrier particles and magnetizable catalyst particles wherein the inert particles have settling rates higher than the settling rates of the catalyst particles. The heat carrier particles and the magnetizable catalyst particles are completely or partially separated in settling zones associated with the reactor and regenerator. The separated heat carrier particles and catalyst particles are independently circulated between the reactor and regenerator so that the heat carrier particles can be passed through one or more heat exchangers to provide the desired temperature levels in the system.Type: GrantFiled: March 19, 1980Date of Patent: October 13, 1981Assignee: Exxon Research & Engineering Co.Inventor: Francis X. Mayer
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Patent number: 4293402Abstract: Hydrocarbons are preheated, particularly for a hydrodesulfurization process by first heating the hydrocarbon stream to produce a vapor and a liquid stream, thereafter superheating at least some of the vapor phase and mixing the superheated vapor phase with the liquid phase to generate the hydrocarbon feedstream at the desired temperature. By this procedure only the evaporated hydrocarbons are subjected to a high temperature, but not the heavier hydrocarbons.Type: GrantFiled: March 10, 1980Date of Patent: October 6, 1981Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventor: John S. Olson
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Patent number: 4292171Abstract: A hydrocarbon conversion process wherein a hydrocarbon feedstock is contacted with a magnetically stabilized fluid bed of particulate solids comprising a mixture of separate, discrete (a) magnetizable substantially non-catalytic particles, and (b) non-magnetizable catalytic particles. The particulate solids mixture is withdrawn from the magnetically stabilized, fluidized bed and separated into magnetizable, substantially non-catalytic particles and non-magnetizable catalyst particles. The non-magnetizable catalytic particles are thereafter regenerated and returned to the hydrocarbon conversion zone. The separated magnetizable, substantially non-catalytic particles are subjected to heat transfer prior to their return to the conversion zone.Type: GrantFiled: March 19, 1980Date of Patent: September 29, 1981Assignee: Exxon Research & Engineering Co.Inventors: Francis X. Mayer, William F. Arey, Jr.
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Patent number: 4203828Abstract: In the hydrodesulfurization of sulfur-containing heavy hydrocarbon oils, water is injected into the hydrotreating gas and vaporized at a temperature below 450.degree. F. to produce a steam-containing hydrotreating gas which is combined subsequently with the sulfur-containing heavy hydrocarbon oil.Type: GrantFiled: May 26, 1976Date of Patent: May 20, 1980Assignee: Exxon Research & Engineering Co.Inventors: Sheldon Bodnick, John C. Brice
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Patent number: 4194964Abstract: Heavy petroliferous stocks such as vacuum and atmospheric resids, tar sand oils, shale oils, liquids from conversion of coal and the like are concurrently distilled and hydroprocessed for removal of sulfur, nitrogen and metals and are hydrocracked or otherwise hydroprocessed in a packed distillation column under hydrogen pressure wherein the packing is constituted, at least to a substantial extent in both stripping and rectifying sections by catalyst suited to the desired conversions.Type: GrantFiled: July 10, 1978Date of Patent: March 25, 1980Assignee: Mobil Oil CorporationInventors: Nai Y. Chen, Ikai Wang
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Patent number: 4158622Abstract: Hydrocarbonaceous material produced from pyrolysis of coal and shale is subjected to hydrogenation and fines removal by first passing it through an ebullating bed reactor in which the hydrocarbonaceous material is partially hydrogenated and partially vaporized. The vapor is then separated and further hydrogenated while the fines in the liquid portion are concentrated and removed as a slurry. The remaining liquid is vaporized, either by recycling it through the ebullating bed reactor or by flash evaporation, to rid it completely of fines. The thus vaporized remaining liquid is also subjected to further hydrogenation.Type: GrantFiled: February 8, 1978Date of Patent: June 19, 1979Assignee: Cogas Development CompanyInventor: Eugene F. Schwarzenbek
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Patent number: 4155875Abstract: A method of softening or loosening caked catalyst pellets used for the desulfurization of a residual oil regardless of the sizes and shapes of the catalyst pellets and without the need of mechanically crushing the caked catalyst comprising contacting the caked catalyst with a washing oil containing an organic amine and/or ammonia gas absorbed therein.Type: GrantFiled: March 24, 1977Date of Patent: May 22, 1979Assignee: Nippon Mining Co., Ltd.Inventors: Kineo Yamaguchi, Katsuhiko Kawakami, Yukimasa Nakamoto
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Patent number: 4152250Abstract: This invention relates to a catalyst for hydrotreatment of hydrocarbons comprising one or more of metals selected from the group consisting of transition metals and metals of group IIb of the periodic table supported on sepiolite. More particularly it relates to a catalyst effective in the selective demetallization treatment of hydrocarbons.Type: GrantFiled: June 15, 1977Date of Patent: May 1, 1979Assignee: Chiyoda Chemical Engineering & ConstructionInventors: Masayoshi Inooka, Motoyoshi Wakabayashi, Masatoshi Matsuda, Masaaki Kasuya, Yoshihiro Ohguchi, Munekazu Nakamura, Tatsuo Morimoto
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Patent number: 4141816Abstract: Deposition of ammonium chloride from gaseous streams is prevented by maintaining the temperature of the gaseous stream above the deposition temperature for ammonium chloride at operating pressure. The invention is particularly useful in hydrocarbon hydrogen treating processes in which hydrogen recycle streams containing ammonium chloride or ammonium chloride-forming constituents must be recompressed before recycle to the hydrogen treating process.Type: GrantFiled: June 29, 1977Date of Patent: February 27, 1979Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventors: Ralph P. Crowley, Max G. Staples
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Patent number: 4139453Abstract: Desulfurization and hydrorefining of an asphaltene-containing black oil with hydrogen in contact with a colloidally dispersed vanadium catalyst in admixture with 2 weight percent to 30 weight percent water biased on the weight of the oil.Type: GrantFiled: June 5, 1978Date of Patent: February 13, 1979Assignee: UOP Inc.Inventor: Le Roi E. Hutchings
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Patent number: 4138230Abstract: An absorption process, as for the removal of H.sub.2 S from vapor streams, wherein a stream of lean absorbent removed from the regenerator as a sidecut is used in a high pressure absorption zone and a lean absorbent stream removed as the regenerator bottoms stream is used in a low pressure absorption zone.Type: GrantFiled: July 5, 1977Date of Patent: February 6, 1979Assignee: UOP Inc.Inventor: H. Lytle Thompson
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Patent number: 4136016Abstract: A hydrocarbon conversion process, such as catalytic desulfurization of a vaporized petroleum feedstock with hydrogen or catalytic reforming of a vaporized hydrocarbon feedstock, is carried out by passing the gaseous medium upwardly through a fluidized bed of magnetizable composite particles having catalytic activity for hydrocarbon conversion and which contain 2 to 40 volume % ferro- or ferrimagnetic material to a nontime varying (direct current) and substantially uniform applied magnetic field having a substantial component along the direction of gravity such that the composite particles have a component of magnetization along the direction of gravity.Type: GrantFiled: January 3, 1978Date of Patent: January 23, 1979Assignee: Exxon Research & Engineering Co.Inventor: Ronald E. Rosensweig
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Patent number: 4134825Abstract: A catalytic hydroconversion process for a hydrocarbonaceous oil is effected by dissolving an oil-soluble metal compound in the oil, converting the compound to a solid, non-colloidal catalyst within the oil and reacting the oil containing the catalyst with hydrogen. Preferred compounds are molybdenum compounds.Type: GrantFiled: November 2, 1977Date of Patent: January 16, 1979Assignee: Exxon Research & Engineering Co.Inventors: Roby Bearden, Jr., Clyde L. Aldridge
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Patent number: 4133744Abstract: Hydrofining of suitable sulfur and/or nitrogen containing organic feedstock is provided wherein such feedstock is subjected to hydrofining conditions in the presence of a catalytic amount of a solid containing, a synthetic amorphous solid prepared by hydrolyzing and polymerizing in the presence of water a silane having the formula R(Si)X.sub.3, wherein R is a nonhydrolyzable organic group, X is a hydrolyzable group and (Si) is selected from the group consisting of --Si-- and --Si(R).sub.2 --O --Si--, and calcining the polymerized product, said silane being admixed with a second compound, R'.sub.n MY.sub.m, wherein R' is selected from the group consisting of the same groups as R, Y is selected from the group consisting of the same groups as X and oxygen, M is at least one member selected from the group consisting of the elements of Groups IIIA, VIB, and VIII of the Periodic Table, m is any number greater than 0 and up to 8 and n is from 0 to any number less than 8.Type: GrantFiled: April 14, 1978Date of Patent: January 9, 1979Assignee: Mobil Oil CorporationInventors: Thomas O. Mitchell, Darrell D. Whitehurst
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Patent number: 4127470Abstract: Processes for the treating of sulfur-containing petroleum oil feedstocks employing alkali metal compounds, alkaline earth metal compounds, and mixtures thereof are disclosed. Specifically, processes for hydrotreating feedstocks which have been previously partially desulfurized using conventional hydrodesulfurization catalysts by contacting such feedstocks with alkali metal compounds, alkaline earth metal compounds, and mixtures thereof, are disclosed. Preferably, the products of such a treatment are employed as feeds for catalytic cracking processes. In addition, processes for the combined hydrotreating and hydroconversion of various sulfur-containing petroleum oil feeds are disclosed, employing at least two hydroconversion agents selected from the group consisting of the alkali metal compounds and alkaline earth metal compounds, in the presence of added hydrogen, and at elevated temperatures.Type: GrantFiled: August 1, 1977Date of Patent: November 28, 1978Assignee: Exxon Research & Engineering CompanyInventors: William C. Baird, Jr., Roby Bearden, Jr., Thomas H. Ledford
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Patent number: 4126539Abstract: A CHD reactor is modified to include a feed nozzle arrangement which hydrogen-saturates the charged liquid before distribution across the fixed catalyst bed by a pair of gas/liquid distributor trays. Product is recovered from the catalyst bed through an apparatus arrangement comprising Glitsch grid to maintain low pressure drop in the system.Type: GrantFiled: December 5, 1977Date of Patent: November 21, 1978Assignee: Mobil Oil CorporationInventors: Walter R. Derr, Jr., Lawrence E. Gallagher, James H. Haddad, Stephen J. McGovern, Klaus W. Schatz, Fritz A. Smith
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Patent number: 4119530Abstract: A startup method for moving-bed reactors used in hydrocarbon conversion processes wherein the reactor is brought on-stream at full capacity while it contains less than a full loading of catalyst, and quantities of catalyst are intermittently added to the reactor while the hydrocarbons are being processed. Catalyst removal is then begun at a rate lower than the rate of catalyst addition and adjusted when the catalyst retention volume of the reactor becomes filled. The method is specifically adaptable to the hydrogenation of olefinic materials, the desulfurization of petroleum fractions and the production of liquid products from coal.Type: GrantFiled: January 21, 1977Date of Patent: October 10, 1978Assignee: UOP Inc.Inventors: George J. Czajkowski, Frank Stolfa
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Patent number: 4115248Abstract: A catalyst composition, a method for its preparation and a hydrotreating process using same. The catalyst comprises a rigidly interconnected pack of irregularly shaped particles having an average diameter below 0.15 mm. Among the particles and throughout the pack are access channels comprising interconnected macropores having diameters in the 0.1 to 15 micron range which contribute at least 5 percent of the pore volume. The particles comprise materials selected from the group consisting of at least one refractory oxide component and one hydrogenation component. For each 100 parts of the oxide component the composition contains, in parts by weight, an amount of the hydrogenating component, calculated as metal, in the range from 0.1 to 50 parts.Type: GrantFiled: October 13, 1977Date of Patent: September 19, 1978Assignee: Chevron Research CompanyInventor: Bernard F. Mulaskey
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Patent number: 4098675Abstract: Deposition of ammonium chloride from a gaseous stream as it is passed through a compression means is prevented by recycling to the compression suction a sufficient amount of the compression means discharge that has been heated by the compression operation to maintain the temperature of the gaseous stream above the deposition temperature for ammonium chloride at operating pressure. The invention is particularly useful in hydrocarbon hydrogen treating processes in which hydrogen recycle streams containing ammonium chloride or ammonium chloride-forming constituents must be recompressed before recycle to the hydrogen treating process.Type: GrantFiled: July 7, 1977Date of Patent: July 4, 1978Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventor: Max D. Pope
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Patent number: 4093536Abstract: Alkanes are catalytically converted employing a catalyst comprising at least one alkaline earth oxide together with a promoting amount of manganese oxide and/or rhenium oxide. When the catalyst is treated with an oxygen-containing gas, such as air, prior to contacting the alkanes conversion by cracking is favored. When the catalyst is treated with hydrogen prior to contacting the alkanes dehydrocyclization is favored. A composition of matter is disclosed suitable for use as a catalyst for converting alkanes.Type: GrantFiled: May 22, 1975Date of Patent: June 6, 1978Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventor: Louis F. Heckelsberg
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Patent number: 4092239Abstract: A catalyst is provided which comprises a hydrogenation component composited with a support. The hydrogenation component comprises a rare earth metal component and a transition metal component. Preferred catalysts are bimetallic catalysts consisting of cobalt and a rare earth metal on an alumina support. Also provided is a hydrodesulfurization process utilizing said catalyst.Type: GrantFiled: January 5, 1976Date of Patent: May 30, 1978Assignee: Exxon Research & Engineering Co.Inventor: William R. Moser
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Patent number: 4087348Abstract: Sulfur-containing petroleum oil feedstocks which include heavy hydrocarbon constituents undergo simultaneous desulfurization and hydroconversion by contacting such feedstocks with alkaline earth metal hydrides or alkaline earth metal oxides, particularly barium hydride or barium oxide, in the presence of hydrogen, and at elevated temperatures. The mixtures of reaction products resulting from the above procedure can be separated to give a petroleum oil product which has been substantially desulfurized and demetallized and significantly upgraded as demonstrated by reduced Conradson carbon content, and increased API gravity and which includes alkaline earth metal sulfide salts from which the alkaline earth metal hydrides or oxides may be regenerated.Type: GrantFiled: October 18, 1976Date of Patent: May 2, 1978Assignee: Exxon Research & Engineering Co.Inventors: William C. Baird, Jr., Roby Bearden, Jr.
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Patent number: 4087349Abstract: Sulfur-containing heavy hydrocarbonaceous oil feeds are simultaneously hydroconverted and desulfurized by reaction of the feed with an alkali metal alkoxide in the presence of added hydrogen at elevated temperatures.Type: GrantFiled: June 27, 1977Date of Patent: May 2, 1978Assignee: Exxon Research & Engineering Co.Inventor: William C. Baird, Jr.
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Patent number: 4076613Abstract: Improved processes for the combined desulfurization and hydroconversion of various sulfur-containing pertroleum oils, and particularly various residua feedstocks, are disclosed. These feedstocks are thus contacted with alkali metals, such as sodium, in the molten state, in a conversion zone maintained at specified conditions such that the feedstocks are both desulfurized and subjected to significant hydroconversion, particularly demonstrated by significant reductions in the 1,050.degree. F+ fraction of these feedstocks, as well as significantly decreased Conradson carbon and increased API gravity. In addition, the deep demetallization and moderate denitrogenation of these feedstocks is also achieved. These important results are obtained by maintaining the conversion zone at temperatures of above 750.degree. F, and in the presence of sufficient added hydrogen to produce a hydrogen pressure in the conversion zone of between about 1500 and 3000 psig.Type: GrantFiled: April 28, 1975Date of Patent: February 28, 1978Assignee: Exxon Research & Engineering Co.Inventor: Roby Bearden, Jr.
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Patent number: 4073721Abstract: A process is disclosed for catalytic hydrotreating of a heavy hydrocarbon oil and a light hydrocarbon oil in separate reactors, wherein the hydrotreating catalyst is circulated through both reactors. The process is particularly suited to obtaining long catalyst life when operating at low hydrogen pressures.Type: GrantFiled: June 23, 1977Date of Patent: February 14, 1978Assignee: Shell Oil CompanyInventors: Dirk Kanbier, Frans Goudriaan
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Patent number: 4055483Abstract: A heavy hydrocarbonaceous oil containing a Group IB, IVB, VB, VIB, VIIB or VIII transition metal compound is upgraded by treatment with hydrogen or a hydrogen donor compound in the presence of an aluminum alkyl compound, for example, triethyl aluminum. The transition metal compound may be naturally occurring in the oil or added to the oil. A preferred transition metal compound is vanadyl phthalocyanine.Type: GrantFiled: August 2, 1976Date of Patent: October 25, 1977Assignee: Exxon Research & Engineering Co.Inventors: Joseph K. Mertzweiller, Roby Bearden, Jr.
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Patent number: 4051015Abstract: A heavy hydrocarbonaceous oil is converted to lower boiling products by treatment with hydrogen in the presence of a particulate acidic copper chloride catalyst.Type: GrantFiled: June 11, 1976Date of Patent: September 27, 1977Assignee: Exxon Research & Engineering Co.Inventors: Roby Bearden, Jr., William C. Baird, Jr.
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Patent number: 4051020Abstract: A gas phase and a liquid phase pass countercurrently through a reaction vessel, and solid particles move from stage to stage in the reactor concurrently with either the liquid phase or the gas phase. In one embodiment of the invention the liquid phase is a hydrocarbon oil to be treated, for example, desulphurized, the gas phase is hydrogen, and the solid particles are hydrodesulphurization catalyst particles.Type: GrantFiled: June 14, 1976Date of Patent: September 27, 1977Assignee: Commonwealth Oil Refining Co. Inc.Inventor: Gerald W. G. McDonald
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Patent number: 4049542Abstract: A hydrocarbon feed containing an olefinic component and sulfur-containing impurities is upgraded in a sulfur removal process without hydrogenating the olefins by contacting a mixture of the feed and hydrogen gas with a catalyst comprising copper under conditions, including a temperature in the range of about 120.degree. C to 400.degree. C.Type: GrantFiled: October 4, 1976Date of Patent: September 20, 1977Assignee: Chevron Research CompanyInventors: Kirk R. Gibson, Thomas R. Hughes, Robert L. Jacobson
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Patent number: 4045331Abstract: A novel process for the demetallization of petroleum feedstocks comprising contacting a petroleum feedstock at elevated pressures and temperatures, and preferably in the presence of hydrogen, with a catalyst comprising a manganese component composited with alumina, said catalyst having a surface area in excess of 175 m.sup.2 /gm and having at least 60% of its pore volume in pores having diameters between 50 and 200 A. Preferred catalysts comprise between about 2 and 15 weight-percent manganese. Removal of more than 25%, usually more than 50%, of the organometallic impurities can be achieved.Type: GrantFiled: October 23, 1975Date of Patent: August 30, 1977Assignee: Union Oil Company of CaliforniaInventor: John W. Ward
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Patent number: 4039430Abstract: A process for the maximum utilization of a fixed bed of spherical catalyst by approaching perfect liquid distribution in the bed by means of selecting a liquid mass flux in the range of about 2000 to about 4000 lb/hr-ft.sup.2.Type: GrantFiled: December 29, 1975Date of Patent: August 2, 1977Assignee: UOP Inc.Inventor: Robert H. Jensen
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Patent number: 4032433Abstract: Hydrorefining of petroleum stocks containing asphaltenes, sulfur and nitrogen with an extruded refractory inorganic oxide catalyst support wherein said support is prepared by admixing a peptizing agent, a surfactant, and a water-insoluble particulate organic polymer having a particle size of from about 1 to about 200 microns with a powdered refractory inorganic oxide and extruding the resulting mixture.Type: GrantFiled: April 30, 1976Date of Patent: June 28, 1977Assignee: UOP Inc.Inventors: Larry W. Petri, John E. Conway
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Patent number: RE31186Abstract: A hydrocarbon conversion process, such as catalytic desulfurization of a vaporized petroleum feedstock with hydrogen or catalytic reforming of a vaporized hydrocarbon feedstock, is carried out by passing the gaseous medium upwardly through a fluidized bed of magnetizable composite particles having catalytic activity for hydrocarbon conversion and which contain 2 to 40 volume % ferro- or ferrimagnetic material .[.to.]. .Iadd.in .Iaddend.a nontime varying (direct current) and substantially uniform applied magnetic field having a substantial component along the direction of gravity such that the composite particles have a component of magnetization along the direction of gravity.Type: GrantFiled: December 30, 1980Date of Patent: March 22, 1983Assignee: Exxon Research and Engineering Co.Inventor: Ronald E. Rosensweig