Abstract: A method and composition for controlling an exothermic reaction between a powerful oxidizing agent such as the permanganate salts, and reducing agents such as polyhydroxy organic compounds, comprises non-charged, relatively hydrophobic pigments which can be slurried at relatively high solids. The pigment may be calcium carbonate, diatomaceous earth (diatomite), talc, or blends thereof. The pigments are not flocculated in permanganate slurries and can be dispersed at high solids contents. The dispersions can be spray dried or pelletized with controllable moisture contents from about 0.1 to 10%. The resulting composition yields effective control of the exothermic reaction with more uniform and reproducible results.

Abstract: Method and composition for decomposing and detoxifying chemical warfare agents, organic toxic compounds (e.g., pesticides), and for removal of contaminants in materials including fuels. The method and composition are based on ferrate (VI). The ferrate is typically applied to a contaminated surface or volume with a phase transfer catalyst and/or with a carrier.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to stabilized peracid compositions. Stabilizing compositions including a metal salt and a chelating agent are added to compositions including peracids. The results stabilized peracid compositions have increased shelf life and storage stability.

Abstract: A solid composition in the form of a tablet that generates and releases a biocidal solution comprising at least chlorine dioxide with an enhanced weight percent yield is presented. The composition comprises reactants capable of in-situ generation of chlorine dioxide comprising a chlorite donor that is coated with a gel-forming material that slows the rate of dissolution of the high solubility chlorite donor, a free halogen donor, and an acid source, resulting in an unexpectedly high weight percent yield and providing a controlled release of biocidal solution. The compositions of the invention show improved environmental stability which can reduce the cost of packaging and significantly increase the utility of the composition. The controlled release allows the use in multi-tablet chemical dispensers which may otherwise induce potentially explosive conditions or allow rapid release of the biocidal solution thereby inducing a spike in chemical concentration rather than a controlled and sustained release.

Abstract: A solid composition in the form of a tablet that generates and releases a biocidal solution comprising at least chlorine dioxide with an enhanced weight percent yield is presented. The composition comprises reactants capable of in-situ generation of chlorine dioxide comprising a chlorite donor that is coated with a gel-forming material that slows the rate of dissolution of the high solubility chlorite donor, a free halogen donor, and an acid source, resulting in an unexpectedly high weight percent yield and providing a controlled release of biocidal solution. The compositions of the invention show improved environmental stability which can reduce the cost of packaging and significantly increase the utility of the composition. The controlled release allows the use in multi-tablet chemical dispensers which may otherwise induce potentially explosive conditions or allow rapid release of the biocidal solution thereby inducing a spike in chemical concentration rather than a controlled and sustained release.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a granular water treatment composition, comprising: 35-95 wt % calcium hypochlorite; 1 to 50 wt % magnesium sulfate or a hydrate thereof; 0.1 to 10 wt % lime; and 0.1 to 55 wt % of a water soluble zinc salt or a hydrate thereof; wherein the weight percents are based on the total weight of the composition. The present invention is also directed to a water treatment tablet, comprising 35-95 wt % calcium hypochlorite; 1 to 50 wt % magnesium sulfate or a hydrate thereof; 0.1 to 10 wt % lime; and 0.1 to 10 wt % of a water soluble zinc salt or a hydrate thereof; wherein the weight percents are based on the total weight of the composition.

Abstract: The invention is a method and composition for producing carbon dioxide that is based on the reaction or activation of at least one carbon-containing compound with protons. The carbon-containing compound can be in the form of a powder, an impregnated carrier (e.g. zeolite crystals) or an aqueous solution and is preferably selected from the group consisting of carbonates, bicarbonates or sesquicarbonates. The protons are preferably provided by a proton-generating species such as an acid or metal salt. The method and composition can further include a water-retaining substance and/or a chlorine dioxide-producing compound in accordance with the invention.

Abstract: Describes a composition comprising a mixture of (1) a major amount of calcium hypochlorite, e.g., hydrated calcium hypochlorite, and (2) a minor amount of calcium hypochlorite-compatible hydrophobic additive (other than discrete particulate Group IIA or IIIA metal stearates) in amounts sufficient to provide the composition with reduced hydrophilic properties. The composition has a solution rate in water at standard conditions that is less than the calcium hypochlorite used to prepare the composition, but sufficient for the intended application. Describes also calcium hypochlorite compositions in which the hydrophobic additive is an organo-silicon material, or a metal oxide, e.g., amorphous precipitated silica, treated with a hydrophobizing agent, such as an organo-silicon material, e.g., an organo-silane and/or organo-siloxane material.

Abstract: Methods and compositions to a clathrate that includes chlorine dioxide (ClO2) are provided. Clathrates trap gaseous chlorine dioxide to provide a dry solid material that is stable and easy to use and handle. Stable formulations of gaseous chlorine dioxide are useful as disinfectants.

Abstract: The current invention encompasses a microemulsion having environmentally safe components, the microemulsion exhibiting optical clarity and stability over a wide range of temperatures. The microemulsion also forms a part of a decontaminant solution for treating chemical and biological contaminant agents, the solution preferably containing peroxycarboxylic acids generated from solids as the primary decontamination agent. The solution is a single phase emulsion that is both stable and effective over a broad range of temperatures, the range extending well below 0° C. There is also disclosed a microemulsion decontaminate solution having components that stabilize the included solid and peroxycarboxylic acids.

Abstract: This invention relates to a novel non-aqueous liquid oxygen bleach composition prepared by dispersing solid peroxygen compound in the liquid in which the content of an anhydrous non-polar organic solvent and a non-ionic and anionic surfactant is controlled. The composition is formed in a high viscous paste or a gel-type suspension and can be used as a multi-purpose composition, for example, the bleach and stain remover of clothes and the cleanser of bathroom and kitchen since they have a chemical/physical stability of no loss of available oxygen, an excellent bleaching and cleaning ability due to their alkaline pH range, no change of viscosity or no phase separation during the storage and so on.

Abstract: The current invention encompasses a microemulsion having environmentally safe components, the microemulsion exhibiting optical clarity and stability over a wide range of temperatures. The microemulsion also forms a part of a decontaminant solution for treating chemical and biological contaminant agents, the solution preferably containing peroxycarboxylic acids generated from solids as the primary decontamination agent. The solution is a single phase emulsion that is both stable and effective over a broad range of temperatures, the range extending well below 0° C. There is also disclosed a microemulsion decontaminate solution having components that stabilize the included solid and peroxycarboxylic acids.

Abstract: The instant invention concerns a composition comprising a base polymer, at least one compound of the formula E-(L-E)x wherein: E is and L is a linking group; and at least one transition metal in a positive oxidation state. The invention also concerns packages containing walls comprising such compositions, methods of forming such packages, and methods of packaging an oxygen-sensitive item within such a package.

Abstract: The invention relates to polyurethane foams comprising polymers of heterocyclic N-vinyl monomers (i) and a disinfectant or bleaching agent (ii).

Abstract: Surfactant-containing compositions are described which include a protein component that has the effect of improving the surface-active properties of the surfactants contained in the compositions. The surfactant-containing compositions having the protein component demonstrate significantly lower critical micelle concentrations (CMC), reduced surface tensions, and reduced interfacial tensions than do comparable compositions having no protein component. In addition, the surfactant-containing compositions having the protein component has the effect of converting greasy waste contaminants to surface active materials.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the production of bleaching catalyst granules, containing a bleaching catalyst, an acidic polymer, a support material and optionally further adjuncts, characterized in that a fluid bed is formed from the support material in a fluidized bed apparatus, an aqueous solution or dispersion is added to the fluid bed, containing the bleaching catalyst, the acidic polymer, and optionally the further adjuncts which is then granulated and dried. The method is particularly suitable for bleaching catalysts of formula (1), where R, R1, R2, R3 and X have the meanings given in the description.

Abstract: The invention concerns coated sodium percarbonate granules comprising a core produced by fluidized bed spray granulation, containing sodium percarbonate as its main component, an inner coating layer containing an organic, hydrate-forming salt as its main component, and an outer coating layer containing as its main component at least one surfactant containing in the molecule one or more sulfate or sulfonate groups in the form of an alkali metal, alkaline-earth metal or ammonium salt. The invention also concerns a process for the production of the granules, the use of the granules in bleaching and cleaning agents, and bleaching and cleaning agents containing the granules. The sodium percarbonate granules according to the invention display improved storage stability combined with high internal stability and a high active oxygen content.

Abstract: A composition that generates a target product and releases a biocidal solution containing the target product is presented. The composition comprises reactants capable of generating the target product through a chemical reaction, a halogen, and a gel-forming material. The chemical reaction is triggered when the reactants are contacted by a main solvent (e.g., water). The gel-forming material makes the composition stable for storage. Upon being exposed to the main solvent, the gel-forming material forms a gelatinous structure that creates a chamber within the composition enclosing some of the reactants such that the target product is generated in the chamber. The gelatinous structure contributes to the high yield of the target product (e.g., chlorine dioxide) and its controlled release. The halogen (e.g., bromine and/or chlorine) enhances the biocidal effect of the target product.

Abstract: A method of treating a peroxygen compound (e.g., potassium monopersulfate) for use in applications where controlled release rate, exposure to incompatible compounds, and/or moisture is presented. The method incorporates coating the peroxygen compound with one or more of the following polymers: 1) chitin/chitosan, 2) carboxylate/sulfonate copolymer or tertiary polymer, and 3) carboxylate polymer selected from polymaleic acid, polyepoxysuccinic acid and/or phosphinocarboxylate polymers. Optionally, the peroxygen compound is also coated with an inorganic salt layer and a silicate layer. Potassium monopersulfate coated with an organic polymer is useful in reduced allergenic formulations and as an anti-caking agent. When the organic polymer is a polysaccharide, the coated potassium monopersulfate is also effective for shock treatment of water systems (e.g., pools). The oxidizing composition prepared with this method has a prolonged shelf life while demonstrating good solubility during use.

Abstract: A reactor for an in-situ production of a chemical product in high yield are presented. The reactor, which may be placed in a main solvent, includes an agglomerate of reactants and a gel-forming material. The gel-forming material forms a gelatinous structure when contacted by the main solvent (e.g., water), and allows controlled permeation of the main solvent to the reactants. The reactants dissolve in the main solvent and react to produce a target product. The target product leaves the reactor through the colloidal gel wall at a controlled rate. A high concentration of the reactant is maintained in the chamber formed by the gelatinous structure, resulting in a higher yield of the target product than if the reactants were directly added to a large body of main solvent.

Abstract: A method and composition for reducing chemical oxygen demand is presented. The composition includes a persulfate donor and a transition metal catalyst in contact with the persulfate donor. When the composition is contacted by water, the transition metal catalyst reacts with persulfate and reduces the persulfate concentration in the water. The composition allows the use of persulfate, which is known to cause irritation to users of aquatic facilities (e.g., pools, spas) that come in contact with it. As the persulfate concentration is reduced rapidly in the water by the catalyzed reaction, the persulfate-containing cleaning product may even be used while the aquatic facilities are being used. Optionally, a free halogen donor may be incorporated into the composition. The composition may be in the form of powder, granules (coated or uncoated), or agglomerate.

Abstract: A chemical solution distributing apparatus which is installed in a water tank in water closets or the like and distributes chemical solutions periodically in the water tank including a bottomed tubular apparatus main body which has an opening at its lower end; a chemical retaining section which is present inside this apparatus main body and mounts/retains chemicals; and a drawn-water passage section which is installed outside the apparatus main body and in which one end thereof is connected to the inside of the apparatus main body via the opening while the other end thereof is positioned higher than the lower end of the apparatus main body; wherein the chemical retaining section has holes in order to mix chemicals with the water inside the apparatus main body or inside the water tank; and wherein a check valve to allow release of air inside the apparatus main body to the outside is also formed.

Abstract: A dissolved oxygen releasing blend is disclosed utilizing magnesium peroxide blended with powdered Bentonite and/or vegetable oil. The Bentonite (or other clay material) reduces the hydraulic conductivity of magnesium peroxide, thereby reducing the rate of magnesium peroxide disassociation.

Abstract: The improvement of shelf stability in hypochlorite-containing aqueous liquid washing and/or cleaning agents that contain colored metal pigment is achieved by the use of an alkali iodide and a sterically hindered amine.

Abstract: The improvement of shelf stability in hypochlorite-containing aqueous liquid washing and/or cleaning agents that contain colored metal pigment is achieved by the use of a specific aromatic fragrance.

Abstract: A composition capable of expedited in-situ generation of dioxirane and a method of preparing the composition are presented. The composition includes a transition metal catalyst, peracid donor, and carbonyl donor, and forms an effective multi-purpose oxidizing (e.g., bleaching) solution. Methods of using the bleaching solutions and their application are also presented. The composition provides a cost-effective means of producing a dioxirane-based multi-purpose bleaching solution for use on laundries, carpets, hard surfaces, bathroom surfaces, floors and the like.

Abstract: A reactor for an in-situ production of a chemical product in high yield are presented. The reactor, which may be placed in a main solvent, includes a core and a reactor wall around the core. The reactor wall allows controlled permeation of the main solvent to the core. The core contains a reactant that reacts to produce a target product upon being contacted by a main solvent. The target product leaves the reactor at a controlled rate. Because the amount of the main solvent that permeates into the reactor is controlled, a high concentration of the reactant is maintained inside the reactor, resulting in a higher yield of the desired chemical product than if the reactants were directly added to the body of main solvent.

Abstract: Describes a composition comprising a mixture of calcium hypochlorite and hydrated magnesium sulfate having an average of from 3 to 5.5 moles of water of hydration per mole of magnesium sulfate. The amount of hydrated magnesium sulfate in the composition is such that the composition has at least a DOT Packing Group III Division 5.1 Classification.

Abstract: Accelerator solution suitable for forming a redox system with peroxides and having a high storage stability, consisting essentially of (a) more than 1.0 wt % of one or more reducing agents, at least one of them being selected from ascorbic acid and sodium formaldehyde sulphoxylate, (b) one or more metal salts, at least one of them being selected from the group consisting of transition metal salts, lithium salts, and magnesium salts, (c) one or more organic oxygen-containing solvents, (d) optionally one or more stabilisers, and (e) optionally water.

Abstract: The present invention is generally directed to a method of producing an aqueous solution of chlorine dioxide from the reaction of a metal chlorite and an acid forming component which do not react to produce chlorine dioxide in the substantial absence of water. The reactants are separated from liquid water by a membrane which allows the controlled passage of liquid water and/or water vapor into contact with the reactants. The chlorine dioxide thus generated passes out through the membrane into the liquid water to produce the desired aqueous solution. Aqueous solutions containing chlorine dioxide produced in this manner can be conveniently used for commercial and domestic cleaning operations such as in the food industry.

Abstract: Compositions comprising (i) at least one anionic associative polymer comprising at least one carboxylic acid group and at least one ester derived from a fatty alcohol and a carboxylic acid; (ii) at least one additional anionic associative polymer comprising at least one carboxylic acid group and at least one ester derived from an alkoxylated fatty alcohol and a carboxylic acid; and (iii) at least one oxidizing agent, and processes using the same for providing physical stability to an oxidizing composition, and in hair treatment compositions.

Abstract: A granulate for particulate detergents or cleaning agents, the granulate containing a detergent or cleaning agent active ingredient and an outer encapsulation layer formed of polyvalent metal salts of an unbranched or branched, unsaturated or saturated, mono- or polyhydroxylated fatty acid having at least 12 carbon atoms or a mixture of the salts. Also, a process for making the granulate by applying to the granules an encapsulation material that comprises one or more polyvalent metal salt or salts, preferably in the form of an aqueous dispersion in a fluidized bed process.

Abstract: Calcium nitrate, which is known to have the effect of inhibiting elution of phosphorus contained as insoluble substance in sludge in rivers, lakes and coasts in a reducing environment, can be applied not by injection of an aqueous solution of calcium nitrate, but by putting it in a solid form. An agent for inhibiting elution of phosphorus is proposed which comprises calcium nitrate as the major component (10-30%), calcium carbonate or calcium sulfate (a total of 50-90%), and stearic acid or its salt (1-20%) as a hydrophobic substance for delaying elution of the calcium salt, and sucrose fatty acid isobutyl or paraoxy isobutyl benzoate (1-20%) as a binder, and the composition is pressed in a mold into tablets or briquette. The application into sludge by use of an air gun is preferable.

Abstract: The present invention provides a bleaching composition comprising a [3.3.1] bicyclo compound carrying at least one tertiary amine group the bleaching composition substantially devoid of a peroxygen source.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the preservation of a liquid biological sample. The biological sample is exposed to a preservative containing at least about 0.15 g of sodium benzoate and at least about 0.025 g of citric acid per 100 ml of sample. The biological sample may be collected in a vessel or an absorbent mass. The biological sample may also be exposed to a substrate and/or a vehicle.

Abstract: A process for producing coated bleach activator granules in which bleach activator base granules are coated with a coating substance and are simultaneously and/or subsequently thermally conditioned.

Abstract: A stabilizer mixture containing the components (A) and (B) wherein component (A) is for example a compound of the formula (A-1) wherein A1 is hydrogen or C1-C4alkyl, A2 is a direct bond or C1-C10alkylene, and n1 is a number from 2 to 50; and component (B) is formed by two different low molecular weight sterically hindered amine compounds containing a group of the formula (I) and (II); with the proviso that components (A) and (B) are different.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a preparation for cleaning tooth root surfaces and surrounding tissue (periodontal pockets). The preparation is a two-component liquid of the type that has previously been used for chemical-mechanical treatment of carious lesion. The active component in the liquid is a hypochlorite, preferably sodium hypochlorite, and the other component in the liquid is a component which reduces the aggressiveness of the hypochlorite on healthy tissue and which also increases the viscosity of the liquid. The preparation is applied on the tooth root surface in question by means of a brush or an applicator instrument. After 10-15 seconds the root surface is cleaned by means of a scraping instrument.

Abstract: The invention relates to a preparation for chemical-mechanical treatment of caries by means of a caries-dissolving two-component liquid. One of the components is an active, caries dissolving component and the other a component which reduces the aggressiveness of the active component to mucous membranes. The active component is a chloride compound comprising active chlorine, i.e. chlorine having a charge state of +1, Cl(+1), which chloride has a somewhat lower reactivity than sodium hypochlorite and then also a somewhat reduced dissolving effect on the carious substance.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of forming a humidity barrier using fats or other materials that can form an amorphous coating for particles comprising sensitive biological materials in a dehydrated and/or a vitrified state. Since the hydrophobic coating may be sticky, a second hard-shell coating is applied to prevent the particles from sticking together. This approach would minimize exposure of the dried biological material to atmospheric moisture and the consequent loss of biological activity.

Abstract: The present invention provides a granulated bleaching activator having a high solubility, that is, a granulated bleaching activator comprising (a) a bleaching activator and (b) at least one nonionic surfactant selected from the group consisting of a nonionic surfactant (b1) having a melting point less than 20° C. and an alkylene oxide addition type nonionic surfactant (b2) having a melting point less than 20° C., (b1) fulfilling the specific requirements concerning solubility, in a specific ratio.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to novel water treatment compositions and methods of preparation and use. More particularly, the invention relates to solid water treatment compositions containing at least one halogen source and at least one amine compound. Methods of preparing solid water treatment compositions and methods for controlling biofouling, disinfecting, cleaning and water systems are also provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to storage-stable bleach activator granules consisting essentially of a bleach activator and an acid-modified phyllosilicate, prepared by mixing a dry bleach activator with a dry, acid-modified phyllosilicate, compressing this mixture to give relatively large agglomerates and comminuting these agglomerates to the desired particle size.

Abstract: What is claimed are bleach activator granules which are obtained by mixing a bleach activator with a binder and x% by weight of the total amount of a water-soluble polymer, spraying of water which comprises 100-x% by weight of the total amount of the water-soluble polymer, where x is a number from 0 to 100, and subsequent granulation and drying.

Abstract: A mixture consisting essentially of dry trichloroisocyanuric acid, dry surfactant particles, and bulking agents is disclosed. The mixture serves as a quickly dissolving chlorine release mixture used in shock treatment of substantial bodies of water. The surfactant is provided to wet the trichloroisocyanuric acid particles and facilitate their quick solution into the water.