Abstract: A light source with LED and optical protrusions is provided. It comprises an optical panel and at least one optical plate. The light source can be used together with a heat sink or an optical element to enhance its performance. The optical panel forms an optical surface having plural optical protrusions to reflect and mix lights emitted from the LEDs. The optical plate is inserted into at least one slot on the optical panel, and it comprises a heat dissipation core plate and at least one electric circuit layer. The electric circuit layer comprises LEDs and at least one control circuitry. The electric circuit layer can be attached to either single side or both sides of the heat dissipation core plate. The invention achieves good uniformity and high intensity of the combined lights with desired chromaticity.

Abstract: A stem and lamp capsule are connected together as an assembly using a retainer such that the stem is clamped to one end of the retainer and the capsule is clamped to the other end of the retainer. An oxidizable fuse is connected between leads of the capsule and electrical conductors of the stem. The retainer maintains the rigidity of the assembly and keeps a constant distance between the stem and the lamp capsule so that the repeatability and failure parameters of the fuse length can be maintained within acceptable tolerance.

Abstract: A light source module comprises a lamp cover, a lamp and at least a conductive wire. The lamp is fitted into the lamp cover. The conductive wire connects the lamp cover and the lamp to a ground. The conductive wire is wound around the lamp and the conductive wire has two ends connected to the lamp cover. The lamp cover includes at least a heat conductive plate connected with the conductive wire. The lamp cover, and the lamp are electrically connected to the ground through the conductive wire, so the capacitance there-between can be eliminated to improve the illumination performance of the light source module.

Abstract: A light emitting diode has: a ceramics substrate that has a high thermal conductivity; a light emitting element that is mounted on the ceramics substrate; and a radiation plate that is bonded to the back surface of the ceramics substrate. The radiation plate contacts the ceramics substrate at a contact region that includes a region of the back surface of the ceramics substrate corresponding to a region of the ceramics substrate on which the light emitting element is mounted.

Abstract: A heat controlled ultraviolet light apparatus includes a source of ultraviolet light, a cover, and a heating or cooling element that heats/cools the space or gap between the ultraviolet light source and the cover. Accordingly, the ultraviolet light source may be maintained at an optimal temperature thereby maximizing the efficiency of the ultraviolet light source in producing ultraviolet radiation. The apparatus may further include a temperature sensor and a control circuit to automatically control production of heat/cooling by the element based upon the ambient temperatures experienced by the ultraviolet light source during use. Methods are also provided for sanitizing heating and cooling coils of various devices such as an HVAC system, and cooling systems such as a refrigeration unit and an evaporative cooler.

Abstract: A lighting apparatus comprises an LED-mounted substrate and an exhauster. The substrate has a flat area as well as one or more raised areas of trapezoidal cross section which each form a passage thereunder. LEDs are mounted on the raised areas. When the LED-mounted substrate is installed on a wall, the passages are enclosed by the wall. The exhauster removes the heat from the LEDs by drawing out the air going through inside the passages.

Abstract: A quick temperature-raising structure of cold cathode fluorescent lamp comprises a cold cathode fluorescent lamp, a soft electric heating component, an insulating tube and two insulating components. The soft electric heating component adheres onto the surface of the cold cathode fluorescent lamp. The insulating tube is slipped onto the surface of the cold cathode fluorescent lamp. The two insulating components are slipped onto the joint portions at two sides of the cold cathode fluorescent lamp, the soft electric heating component and the insulating tube. Grooves are formed on the insulating components so that an external power source can provide the working power for the soft electric heating component and the cold cathode fluorescent lamp via conducting wires. The soft electric heating component can heat in advance to quickly raise the ambient temperature of the cold cathode fluorescent lamp when the cold cathode fluorescent lamp is driven.

Abstract: A flat luminescence lamp includes a first substrate having a first surface and a second surface, a second substrate having a first surface disposed facing opposite to the first surface of the first substrate, a first luminescence layer formed on the first surface of the first substrate, a second luminescence layer formed on the first surface of the second substrate, and a plurality of grooves formed on the second surface of the first substrate.

Abstract: In a light source, a heat sink is in contact with a side-on type discharge tube 110. The heat sink is in contact with a peripheral region 110ws around an exit window 101ww of the discharge tube 110. The heat sink consists of a spring member 101sp kept in direct contact with the peripheral region 101ws, and a radiating block 101bl which connects the spring member 101sp to a radiator box 101bx. Since materials made by sputtering or the like of electrodes in the discharge tube 110 mostly attach to the peripheral region 101ws of side wall 101w, it is feasible to decrease the amount of materials attaching to the exit window 101ww and, in turn, lengthen the lifetime of the discharge tube. Another light source may be constructed in structure in which the heat sink is in contact with a head-on type discharge tube or in structure in which light is outputted from a projecting portion.

Abstract: The represent invention relates to a method of backlighting a liquid crystal display which includes heating a fluorescent lamp with an external heating element which does not contact the lamp. The heating step may be accomplished by passing a current through a resistive material. The resistive material may be coated on to a surface. The present invention also relates to a backlighting system with a fluorescent lamp and an external heating element which does not contact the fluorescent lamp. The heating element may be a resistive material coated on a substrate. The present invention also relates to a portable display device element includes a liquid crystal display, a fluorescent lamp to act as a backlight, a heating element which does not contact the fluorescent lamp and optionally including reflectors, diffusers, and optical enhancement films. The heating element may be a resistive material coated on a substrate.

Abstract: In a plasma display panel device including a plasma display panel and a drive circuit for driving the plasma display panel, a plurality of circuit boards (4, 13) are provided, and electronic components (E1′, E1″, E2′) making up the drive circuit are mounted separately on the plurality of circuit boards (4, 13).

Abstract: The invention relates to a photodetector capable of detecting even weak light with precision and having a structure permitting size reduction. In the photoelectric tube, a photoelectric tube is cooled down starting from a light receiving faceplate side via a supporting protrusion piece of a heat conductive supporting member fixed to the heat absorbing portion of a cooling device by the heat absorbing operation of the cooling device. At this time, the photoelectric tube is fixed only to the supporting protrusion piece, so that heat inflow through other members is prevented. Thus, the photoelectric surface is efficiently cooled down through the light receiving faceplate by the cooling device serving as a cooling source, so that a stable cooling temperature is obtained. This suppresses the emission of thermal electrons from the photoelectric surface, and hence sufficiently suppresses the occurrence of noise in the photoelectric tube.

Abstract: In a projection cathode ray tube device in which a projection cathode ray tube and a projection lens assembly are coupled and held by a coupler, superior focus characteristics and high resolution are realized by eliminating the deviation between the center of the phosphor screen of the cathode ray tube and the center of the lens assembly. In the cathode ray tube, each of the outside and inside surfaces of a faceplate is formed as a spherical convex surface which is curved toward an electron gun.

Abstract: A compact selfballasted fluorescent lamp includes a fluorescent arc tube forming a crooked discharge path, a housing comprised of a first end portion open to be fit thereon with a bulb-base, a middle portion and a second end portion open to be mounted thereto with the fluorescent arc tube, a lighting circuit module accommodated in the housing, the unit being provided with a circuit board and two or more circuit components mounted on the circuit board for constituting a lighting circuit for lighting the fluorescent arc tube, and a thermal conductor having a thermal conductivity of 0.1 W/(m·K) or more, which is filled in the housing, extending upwards from a components mounting side of the circuit board of the lighting circuit module and contacting with the inner wall of the housing lying on the side of the first end portion of the housing, thereby covering at least one of the circuit components of the lighting circuit.

Abstract: A plasma display device including a plasma display panel, a chassis base disposed in parallel with the plasma display panel, and a heat conductive media disposed between the plasma display panel and the chassis base. The heat conductive media is disposed such that a heat conductive rate is varied according to a location of the plasma display panel or the chassis base.

Abstract: There is provided a light source device, used in a display device and the like, having a high light emitting efficiency. The light source device has an electric discharge tube containing mercury and electrodes at both ends. A heat conducting member is attached to and is in contact with a part of the electric discharge tube. The heat conducting member locally cools the tube. The heat conducting member and the tube satisfy the following relationship, 6×10−5/S<(1/k1−1/k2)W, where a cross sectional area of the electric discharge tube is S (m2), an amount of generate heat per unit length of the electric discharge tubes is W (W), heat conductivity of the non-cooling part is k1 (W/K/m), and heat conductivity of the cooling part is defined as k2 (W/K/m).

Abstract: Irradiation lamps of an ultraviolet-light irradiation apparatus are uniformly cooled to achieve an appropriate temperature of the walls of the lamps and the ultraviolet light emitted from the lamps is efficiently reflected toward an object to be irradiated so that the ultraviolet light is efficiently irradiated onto the object to be irradiated. A plurality of low-pressure mercury lamps are arranged in parallel. A reflective mirror is arranged above the low-pressure mercury lamps so as to reflect the ultraviolet light emitted by the low-pressure mercury lamps. An exhaust passage defined by the reflective mirror suctions air around the low-pressure mercury lamps and exhausts the suctioned air to outside. The reflective mirror has a plurality of openings arranged along a longitudinal direction of the low-pressure mercury lamps, and a part of the openings has a size different from a size of other parts of the openings.

Abstract: Disclosed is a LED which can be mounted at high density on a large area display. Having a hole for heat sink in the ceramic substrate, the LED is superior in heat sink property. In order to fabricate the light emitting device, first, a secondary ceramic sheet is stacked on the ceramic substrate, followed by forming electrodes in a predetermined pattern on the secondary ceramic sheet around the hole for heat sink. On the ceramic substrate, an upper ceramic sheet with an opening is stacked to form a stacked ceramic substrate in such a way that a part of the electrodes are exposed through the opening. After co-firing the stacked ceramic substrate, a light emitting diode chip is mounted on the secondary ceramic sheet at a position corresponding to the hole for heat sink. Then, the electrodes are electrically connected with the LED chip, and the LED chip is sealed with insulating resin. A light emitting device using the LED and a fabrication method therefor are also disclosed.

Abstract: The represent invention relates to a method of backlighting a liquid crystal display which includes heating a fluorescent lamp with an external heating element which does not contact the lamp. The heating step may be accomplished by passing a current through a resistive material. The resistive material may be coated on to a surface. The present invention also relates to a backlighting system with a fluorescent lamp and an external heating element which does not contact the fluorescent lamp. The heating element may be a resistive material coated on a substrate. The present invention also relates to a portable display device element includes a liquid crystal display, a fluorescent lamp to act as a backlight, a heating element which does not contact the fluorescent lamp and optionally including reflectors, diffusers, and optical enhancement films. The heating element may be a resistive material coated on a substrate.

Abstract: A mount assembly (20) for a lamp has a glass stem (22) having a first portion (24) that is tubular and has an outside diameter D2 and a second portion (26) formed as a pinch seal with at least one dimension greater than D2. A substantial C-shaped clip (10) is mounted upon the first portion (24). The C-shaped clip (10) has a given height H and an inside diameter D that is smaller than the outside diameter D2 whereby the clip (10) frictionally engages the first portion (24). A pair of substantially oppositely located cutouts (12, 14) is formed in the clip (10), each providing an extending flap (16, 18) projecting away from the clip (10). The clip is positioned on the first portion (24) such that at least a part of said second portion (26) is contained within the cutouts (12, 14). A first frame member (28) is affixed to the flap (16) and a second frame member (28) is affixed to the flap (18). This assembly accurate supports the structure and prevents rotation of the mount assembly.

Abstract: With two features of positive lock and self-pop-up, the invention provides simple procedure for connecting and disconnecting spark plugs and spark plug wires, a union of prevention and ensurer.

Abstract: A less costly bulb-shaped fluorescent lamp with improved assembly efficiency is provided which prevents the impairment of product quality due to the change in color of a holder or the slipping off of a fluorescent tube from the holder decreased in resin strength. The fluorescent lamp includes a set of fluorescent tubes, filament coils disposed at both ends of each fluorescent tube, a starter circuit for activating the fluorescent tubes, a holder for retaining the fluorescent tubes, and a case containing the starter circuit. The holder includes holes for receiving the fluorescent tubes, and a recess defined in a central portion of the holder and extended in the opposite direction of the fluorescent tubes.

Abstract: A less costly bulb-shaped fluorescent lamp with improved assembly efficiency is provided which prevents the impairment of product quality due to the change in color of a holder or the slipping off of a fluorescent tube from the holder decreased in resin strength. The fluorescent lamp includes a set of fluorescent tubes, filament coils disposed at both ends of each fluorescent tube, a starter circuit for activating the fluorescent tubes, a holder for retaining the fluorescent tubes, and a case containing the starter circuit. The holder includes holes for receiving the fluorescent tubes, and a recess defined in a central portion of the holder and extended in the opposite direction of the fluorescent tubes.

Abstract: A less costly bulb-shaped fluorescent lamp with improved assembly efficiency is provided which prevents the impairment of product quality due to the change in color of a holder or the slipping off of a fluorescent tube from the holder decreased in resin strength. The fluorescent lamp includes a set of fluorescent tubes, filament coils disposed at both ends of each fluorescent tube, a starter circuit for activating the fluorescent tubes, a holder for retaining the fluorescent tubes, and a case containing the starter circuit. The holder includes holes for receiving the fluorescent tubes, and a recess defined in a central portion of the holder and extended in the opposite direction of the fluorescent tubes.

Abstract: A radiator plate includes a metallic matrix and a dispersant. The metallic matrix exhibits a predetermined coefficient of thermal expansion. The dispersant is dispersed in the metallic matrix, and exhibits a coefficient of thermal expansion being smaller than that of the metallic matrix. The radiator plate has a heat-receiving surface, on which an electric device serving as a heat generator is disposed, and a heat-radiating surface for radiating heat received from the heat-receiving surface. The dispersant is dispersed more on the heat-receiving-surface side than on the heat-radiating-surface side. Thus, the radiator plate is inhibited from warping, and is good in terms of the dimensional stability as a final product. Moreover, the thermal resistance is diminished between the heat-receiving surface and the heat-radiating surface. Accordingly, the heat-radiating ability of the radiator plate is secured. Also disclosed is a process for manufacturing the radiator plate.

Abstract: A thermal energy transfer device for use with an x-ray generating device or x-ray system including an anode assembly having a target, a cathode assembly positioned at a distance from the anode assembly configured to emit electrons that strike the target producing x-rays and residual energy in the form of heat, and a rotatable shaft supported by a bearing assembly. The thermal energy transfer device including a thermal gradient device positioned adjacent to and in thermal communication with one end of the shaft, the thermal gradient device operable for transferring heat away from that end of the shaft, and a fin structure positioned adjacent to and in thermal communication with the thermal gradient device, the fin structure operable for convectively cooling the thermal gradient device.

Abstract: A heat removal system for use in an organic light emitting diode displays is disclosed. The heat removal assembly includes a heat dissipating assembly for dissipating heat from the organic light emitting device, a heat transfer assembly for transferring heat from the top organic light emitting device to the heat dissipating assembly and a cooling assembly for cooling the organic light emitting display device.

Abstract: A mounting member for supporting a shroud, and an arc tube located within such shroud, in an arc discharge lamp is provided. The mounting member includes at least two support clips welded to at least one support rod on the same side of the support rod. A bubble-in-the-press arc lamp is provided having at least one press seal that includes opposite walls. A bubble portion is formed in one wall, and the other wall includes a protrusion. The bubble portion extends towards one wall and the protrusion extends towards the other wall to hold a support clip of a supporting member therebetween. An electric lamp assembly is provided that includes the mounting means and/or the bubble-in-the-press arc tube of the present invention.

Abstract: An air-cooled light comprising a cylindrical transparent sleeve that shields heat generated by a high intensity discharge lamp from the surrounding environment. The air-cooled light of the present invention comprises an outer cylindrical transparent sleeve that surrounds a high-intensity discharge lamp. Sealingly attached to opposing ends of the transparent cylinder are two end plates for supporting the transparent cylinder from a ceiling structure. O-rings positioned between the end plates and the cylindrical transparent sleeve provides a seal for insulating the interior of the transparent cylinder from the external environment. The high-intensity discharge lamp is supported inside the transparent sleeve by a bracket attached to one of the end plates.

Abstract: A mount assembly for supporting the arc tube of a lamp within an outer envelope has first and second axially aligned banding straps. Each of the straps has a closed crimp section and an open crimp section. The straps are positioned so that an open crimp section of one strap overlies a closed crimp section of the other strap, thereby equalizing tensions when the crimps are closed. The mount assembly includes also a mount frame comprised of two elongated rods which are affixed to the banding straps. The straps are mounted upon the glass stem of the lamp.

Abstract: An electrodeless light bulb assembly having a standard light bulb base located at one end of an extruded cylindrical heat sink including a set of elongated fins extending radially outward from an annular inner body portion. An electrodeless light bulb, excitation coil, and transparent cover for the bulb are located at the other end of the heat sink. A solid state electrodeless lamp driver circuit is thermally coupled to the heat sink and is located in a hollow inner space region formed by the inner body portion. The annular inner body portion also includes at least one but preferably a plurality of boiler/condenser heat pipes located around its periphery for thermally coupling the heat from excitation coil and the driver to the fins where heat is transferred to the air via natural convection. The excitation coil can be formed from a length of conventional electrical conductor or it can be formed from a length of heat pipe connected at one end to the driver and at the other end to the heat sink.

Abstract: Equipment for achieving uniformalization of energy and pulsing of a particle beam is installed in an accelerated charged particle-beam generator or particle-beam storage ring. For maximum efficiency, a CMC (cyclotron maser cooling) unit for achieving uniformalization of energy and pulsing of the particle beam is introduced to generate a coherent particle beam.

Abstract: A metal halide lamp includes a cast ceramic reflector almost completely comprised of alumina. A conventional metal halide bulb is positioned within the reflector. A glaze and then a dielectric coating are applied to the inside surface of the reflector, such that appreciable amounts of infrared radiation from the bulb are absorbed into the glaze and ceramic and not reflected into the beam.

Abstract: In a metal halide arc discharge lamp having a light emitting arc discharge tube surrounded by a heat absorbing, light transmissive shroud hermetically sealed within an outer lamp envelope, more nearly isothermal operation of the arc tube surface is achieved by using a shroud having a geometry (e.g., a hollow frustum of a cone) such that the shroud is closer to the cooler portions of the arc tube than to the hotter portions. At steady state lamp operation, the shroud absorbs heat emitted by the arc tube and radiates a portion of the absorbed heat back to the arc tube. By having a shroud geometry and spacing such that the inner surface of the shroud is closest to the coolest portions of the arc tube and furthest away from the hottest portions of the arc tube, the shroud radiates more heat back to the cooler portions, thereby providing more nearly isothermal operation of the surface of the arc tube than can be accomplished with a coaxial, cylindrical shroud or no shroud.

Abstract: An elongated arc tube is folded into multiple parallel legs in a close packed peripheral array about a long, thin ballast housing, the combination constituting a retrofittable incandescent bulb replacement compact flourescent having a shorter overall length and a more uniform spatial light distribution.

Abstract: A high-intensity discharge lamp includes a luminous tube in which predetermined rare gases and metal are sealingly filled, and a pair of electrodes provided at the ends, wherein irregular portions are formed at both ends of the luminous tube which surround the electrodes, thereby enhancing color rendering and luminous efficiency, and reducing a starting voltage.

Abstract: To prevent corrosion of molybdenum connecting pins or wires extending from elt-sealed ends of high-power lamps, the region immediately adjacent the exit points from the melt-sealed end are cooled by a cooling gas, for example air or an inert gas such as nitrogen. The cooling gas is applied by cooling ducts which are made of metal and, simultaneously, provide for electrical connection of electrical energy to the connecting leads. Cooling gas can be introduced either through terminal pins or rods into the tubular elements, or the tubular elements can be connected, as usual, to the part-solid terminal pins or rods and additional gas connections are passed through the base through the tubular elements to supply cooling gas.

Abstract: An electrodeless low-pressure discharge lamp having a sealed discharge vessel filled with a metal and a rare gas and having a cavity. An inductive device is disposed in the cavity for generating a high-frequency electric field inside the discharge vessel during lamp operation. The inductive device includes a winding of metal wire surrounding a cylindrical core of magnetizable material. A cooling body is in contact with the cylindrical core for removing heat generated in the core during lamp operation. The cooling body is closed in a gastight manner and includes a condenser, an evaporator, a liquid, and a capillary structure (T, U) which comprises a winding (U) of gauze surrounding a vapor channel (V) for transporting the liquid from the condenser to the evaporator. The capillary structure has a central partition wall (T), which divides the vapor channel in two, and is connected along two opposing longitudinal sides thereof to the gauze winding (U).

Abstract: In a method for cooling a charged particle beam that is available in a charged particle beam apparatus such as a ring-shaped accelerator or a storage ring of charged particles, a magnetic field is generated in the traveling direction of a charged particle beam by means of a solenoid magnet (5) disposed along the charged particle beam to cause the charged particles to perform cyclotron gyration motion, and also a high-frequency field is sent from a high-frequency resonator (4) for stimulating cyclotron maser antiparallel or parallel to the charged particle beam. Thereby, a non-uniform part of kinetic energy of the charged particle beam within a plane normal to the beam is radiated in the form of cyclotron maser, and improvement in an emittance of the charged particle beam and unification of the total energy are contemplated.

Abstract: A new cavity which is separate from a rf (radio frequency) accelerating cavity is provided on the orbit of charged particles in a ring-shaped accelerator, and an external oscillator and a coupled antenna which serve to excite a rf electromagnetic field in the separate cavity are provided. Using the external oscillator and the coupled antenna, a deflection mode which has electric field components in the direction of the central orbit of the charged particles and in which a magnetic field in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the central orbit develops on the central orbit of the charged particles is excited in a beam duct part of the separate cavity through which the charged particles pass.

Abstract: An enclosure for a video-amplifier printed wiring board (PWB) located in close proximity to, and substantially structurally separated from the cathode ray tube (CRT) connector base in a video display terminal (VDT). The enclosure combines the functions of a structural support for the board on the VDT chassis, of an EMI/RFI shield for the board, and of an expanded heat transfer-surface heatsink. The enclosure comprises a one-piece casting with a cavity formed by a bottom wall, side walls adjacent to the bottom wall, and an open side opposite to the bottom wall. It further has integral mounting features to locate and structurally support the board in the cavity with the high heat-dissipation components facing the inner surface of the cavity's bottom wall. The outer surface of the bottom wall is provided with integral, heat-dissipating fins to form an expanded heat-transfer surface heatsink.

Abstract: A high-performance deflection yoke providing deflection of an electron beam in a CRT at high rates at high deflection angles. The high-performance deflection yoke includes a heat sink contacting the deflection yoke coils to remove the heat produced in the deflection yoke due to core losses and heat produced in the deflection coils due to resistive losses. The heat sink minimizes induced eddy currents and comprises fine wire elements, interwoven and/or in juxtaposition with the deflection coils, wherein the heat created within and picked up by the deflection coils is transferred to the heat sink for dissipation. By minimizing power lost in the heat sink due to inductive heating of the metallic components thereof, the heat sink according to the present invention provides a high-performance deflection yoke having low inductance, high power performance not heretofore practically realizable.

Abstract: A system for converting three-phase AC to DC voltage employs three separate converter circuits having their outputs connected in parallel to reduce current harmonics. Each converter circuit includes a full wave rectifier feeding a pulse width current modulator which modulates the DC current flow to the load in a manner to maintain the magnitude of the DC current proportional to the instantaneous magnitude of the DC voltage. The current modulators act as substantially resistive loads to reduce source current harmonics and correct the power factor. The modulators include a pair of transistors connected in a push-pull circuit which are controlled by an oscillator circuit to modulate the DC current at a frequency which is many orders of magnitude greater than the line frequency of the AC source. The DC current outputs of the modulators are coupled through DC/DC isolation transformers to the load.

Abstract: The temperature of a fluorescent lamp is optimized by monitoring the current used to power the lamp and changing the cooling state (on to off, off to on) whenever lamp current increases. The optimum current level is some minimum value; any increases in this value are detected and a signal is fed back to a controller which regulates the instant mode of operation of a cooling device. With the cooling mode reversed, the lamp current will be reduced towards its optimum value. The cooling mode remains unaltered until the lamp current rises again. Thus the optimum temperature (minimum current to produce the required light level) is achieved without reference to either an absolute current or temperature.

Abstract: In an ion implantation apparatus, a beam defining member such as the acceleration plate is constructed such that the member is maintained at a temperature above the condensation point of the vapor emanating from the source of charged particles, thereby preventing the vapor from condensing on the member and providing a self-cleaning effect.

Abstract: An improved apparatus for projecting a solids-containing gaseous media into an arc discharge utilizing a cone shaped cathode, with a passage along the conical surface thereof for insertion of gaseous media into the arc discharge, employing a plurality of individual linear feed channels having a constant flow cross-sectional area in said passage, said individual feed channels being supplied from a common source of a solids entrained gaseous media through flow splitters splitting said gaseous media into equal amounts, said flow splitters having two or more converging channels on the outlet side forming an angle of 15.degree.