Abstract: A printed bandpass filter is mounted on a precision substrate to eliminate the need for post-fabrication tuning. The filter input is capacitively coupled to a series of quarter wavelength resonators and the filter output. The quarter wavelength resonators are printed as spirals to reduce filter size. The resonators define the bandpass characteristics of the filter. The filter also weakly couples the input signal to the filter output in a manner to cancel the signal image. Mechanical clips mitigate thermal stress on solder connections when the precision substrate is mounted on a second printed circuit board.

Abstract: An input-output balanced filter has a greatly reduced size and excellent stable electric characteristics. The input-output balanced filter includes two LC bandpass filter circuit units. A first LC bandpass filter circuit unit has a circuit structure in which a first LC parallel resonant circuit including an inductor and a capacitor is connected to a second LC parallel resonant circuit including an inductor and a capacitor via a connecting capacitor, while the second LC bandpass filter circuit unit has a circuit structure in which a third LC parallel resonant circuit including an inductor and a capacitor is connected to a fourth LC parallel resonant circuit including an inductor and a capacitor via the other connecting capacitor; and, the common side lines of the two LC bandpass filter circuit units are connected to each other via a connecting inductor which functions as a common line.

Abstract: A lumped-element transmission line is formed in a multi-layered substrate. A mutual inductance between first and second inductors in a T-equivalent circuit model is enlarged to a designed positive value to widen the application frequency bandwidth of the transmission line. The second inductor is electrically connected to the first inductor in series at one end. The first and second inductors are spiral in shape and the orientations of the first inductor and the second inductor are the same so that the spirals progress in the same sense such that a mutual inductance between the first and second inductors is positive and equals a first value. A first capacitor is electrically connected to ground at a first end of the first capacitor, and a second end of the first capacitor is electrically connected to the end of the second inductor at which the second inductor in connected to the first inductor.

Abstract: A passive filter arrangement and a method of providing such a filter is described. The frequency response of the filter arrangement is substantially the same as the frequency response of a first filter of an order having a first value, the frequency response of the first filter being representable by a first set of one or more poles and/or one or more zeros. Descriptions of a plurality of second filters are generated, each second filter having an order lower than the order of the first value, each second filter having a frequency response representable by a one or more poles and/or one or more zeros, the one or more poles and/or one or more zeros of each lower order filter being a subset of the first set. The lower order filters are cascaded.

Abstract: An unconditionally stable on-chip filter includes a filtering section and at least one negative resistance module. The filtering section is operably coupled to filter a signal and includes realizable integrated circuit passive components. The at least one negative resistance module is operably coupled to compensate for integrated circuit losses of the filtering section. The realizable integrated circuit passive components have values that are robust, in comparison to parasitic values, have minimal integrated circuit real estate, and provide realizable values for various integrated circuit manufacturing processes including CMOS technology.

Abstract: A bandpass filter unit includes first and second bandpass filters having substantially the same pass-band characteristics. The first and second bandpass filters are connected in parallel with each other. At least one phase shifter for shifting the phase is connected to at least one of the first and second filters. Accordingly, reflected waves occurring in the first and second bandpass filters cancel out each other at an input terminal pair and an output terminal pair.

Abstract: A laminated lowpass filter includes nine dielectric substrates arranged in a stack. The outer surfaces of the stack are ground planes. From top to bottom, top four layers forms a first MIM capacitor, a spiral four-port “mutually coupled coils” (MCCs) structure is placed in the middle, and then the second MIM capacitor is formed on bottom four layers. The first port (P1?) of the MCCs is connected to the first MIM capacitor. The fourth port (P4?) of the MCCs is connected to the second MIM capacitor. The second and third ports (P2?, P3?) constitute input and output of the laminated lowpass filter on the sides of the stack.

Abstract: A cable television diplexer and telephony module that can be employed in CATV data transmission systems to enhance performance levels and reduce manufacturing costs. The cable television diplexer and telephony module includes a printed circuit board substrate, and a diplexer having a low pass filter section and a high pass filter section, each of which has components mounted on the substrate. The respective low pass and high pass filter sections of the diplexer include one or more high Q value planar spiral inductors. Each spiral inductor includes a narrow track of metal disposed on the substrate and wound around a center to form a circular spiral curve having a plurality of turns. The spiral inductor may be fabricated on the substrate of the cable television diplexer and telephony module, or on a separate substrate, using a standard PCB fabrication process.

Abstract: An improved band pass filter of ?-type inductor is disclosed, which utilizes the serial inductor in the ? as a compensating inductor, which can lower the coupling coefficient of the band pass by adjusting the inductance ratio of the compensating inductor to that of the two parallel grounded inductors. Therefore, the coupling coefficient is lowered by adjusting the inductance of the ?-type inductors, avoid noise generation, and obtain optimal band pass characteristics, while miniaturizing the filter.

Abstract: A splitter for enabling a power signal and a communication signal to be transmitted over a common communication link is provided. The splitter includes a line port adapted to be coupled to a communication line, a power port adapted to be coupled to a power supply to receive a power signal, and a communication port adapted to be coupled to a communication circuit that generates and receives communication signals. The splitter also includes a low pass filter coupled between the power port and the line port, the low pass filter including a coupled inductor, a high pass filter coupled to the communication port, and wherein the communication signals and the power signal are transported on the communication line at the line port.

Abstract: A transmission line filter having low reflectivity and Gaussian characteristics includes at least one inductive element aligned along the transmission line and at least one shunt configuration branching off the transmission line including a capacitive element and a resistive element. The transmission line filter is embodied in complete and incomplete Gaussian filters, and in both lumped element and distributed-element configurations. A method of designing a transmission line filter having low reflectivity and Gaussian characteristics is provided in which values for desired filter parameters are ascertained, formulas for the values of the inductive, capacitive and resistive elements are derived in terms of the desired filter parameters and the number of half-cells, a number of half-cells for the filter required to achieve the desired filter parameters is selected, and lumped element values for the inductive, capacitive, and resistive elements are estimated using the selected number of half-cells.

Abstract: A control system for the characteristic parameters of an active filter includes: a system for the determination of the technological distribution of the components that provides the information related to said technological distribution of the components; an elaboration system for said information related to said technological distribution of the components; an active filter including at least two programmable passive circuital elements receiving said information related to said technological distribution of the components; said elaboration system, being aware of the topology for said active filter, comprises means for determining the value for said at least two programmable passive circuital elements; means for correcting the value for said at least two programmable passive circuital elements according to the value of the information related to said technological distribution of the components; means for determining the programming values for said at least two programmable passive circuital elements.

Abstract: A modular electronic signal filter assembly is provided, including a plurality of modular filter housing members joined to one another in a longitudinal direction via a plurality of coupling members. The outer peripheral surfaces of the filter housing members are provided with mechanical engagement members that engage and mate with a corresponding mechanical engagement member provided on the inner peripheral surface of the coupling members to secure the filter housing members to one another without solder. The coupling members also include an electrical connection member for electrically connecting the filter housing members in a solderless manner. The modularity of the filter housing assembly of the present invention provides heretofore unrealizable flexibility and applicability of a single filter housing unit for any filter application. Moreover, the present invention enables the assembly of modular filter housing and coupling member units without the need for solder.

Abstract: Coupling circuitry implemented with passive components is added to a conventional power supply to enable communications access to a power-line network by a device designed for power-line communications (“PLC device”), in order to achieve certain benefits including minimizing costs.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for transmitting a data signal is provided. A transmitter is arranged to transmit the data signal on a transmission line disposed on a printed circuit board. A filter is operatively connected to the transmission line such that the filter is arranged to attenuate a low frequency signal component of the data signal.

Abstract: A bandstop filter for use in CATV applications is formed by a pair of diplexers, a lowpass filter and a highpass filter. Signals having a frequency range of, e.g., 0-3 GHz enter at a first node connected to the inputs of both the lowpass and highpass filters. Signals having frequencies below a first, predetermined value pass through the lowpass filter, and signals having frequencies above a second, predetermined value pass through the highpass filter with signals having frequencies between the first and second values being blocked, i.e., “stopped.” The outputs of both the lowpass and highpass filters are connected to the second diplexer at a second node which is connected to the single output.

Abstract: A filter is applied between a digital signal source and a signal receiver for providing compensation of droop caused in a transmission path between the signal source and the signal receiver. The filter provides a high pass characteristic substantially approximating or following in a relevant frequency range an attenuation function substantially proportional to e−k{square root over (f)} or—when denoting attenuation in dB—substantially proportional to the square root of the frequency.

Abstract: An integrated circuit for use at a reduced Vdd voltage. An integrated circuit is designed and implemented such that it is usable at a voltage less than an industry standard Vdd voltage. The integrated circuit may include a voltage filter that may either be implemented on the integrated circuit or external to the integrated circuit. The voltage filter receives an industry standard IC voltage and produces a filtered voltage that is that some value below the industry standard IC voltage. The voltage filter also removes noise from the industry standard IC voltage. The integrated circuit includes signal processing circuitry that is designed and implemented to improve signal quality and to operate at the filtered voltage.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for optimizing elements of a narrow or intermediate band bandpass filter whereof the LC prototype has been determined. The invention is characterised in that it comprises steps which consist in: (i) breaking down several parallel or series capacitors of resonators with X elements, (ii) inserting pairs of transformers between the first and second separated element and the rest of the resonator, (iii) displacing the residual transformers to modify the impedance levels of the resonators, and (iv) absorbing the residual transformers by transformation. The invention also concerns the resulting filters.

Abstract: An IQ generator is integrated into an IC for generating IQ output signal. The IQ generator includes a signal generator providing input with two identical signals opposed in phase, a filter comprises a plurality capacitances and inductances, and output providing the I and Q signals. The capacitances and inductances of the filter are integrated into said integrated circuit.

Abstract: A voltage tunable dielectric varactor includes a substrate having a low dielectric constant and having generally planar surface, a tunable ferroelectric layer positioned on the generally planar surface of the substrate, and first and second electrodes positioned on a surface of the tunable ferroelectric layer opposite the generally planar surface of the substrate. The first and second electrodes are separated to form a gap therebetween. The varactor includes an input for receiving a radio frequency signal and an output for delivering the radio frequency signal. A bias voltage applied to the electrodes changes the capacitance of the varactor between the input and output thereof. Phase shifters and filters that include the varactor are also described.

Abstract: A segmented inductor for use with a tuning circuit, a method of increasing a self-resonant frequency of a tuning circuit and an oscillator employing the circuit and method. In one embodiment, the tuning circuit includes a first inductive element having a first intrinsic shunt capacitance. The tuning circuit also includes a second inductive element, coupled in series with the first inductive element, having a second intrinsic shunt capacitance. The first and second inductive elements cooperate to reduce a total shunt capacitance associated therewith thereby increasing a self-resonant frequency of the tuning circuit.

Abstract: A transmission lone filter having low reflectivity and Gaussian characteristics includes at least one inductive element aligned along the transmission line and at least one shunt configuration branching off the transmission line including a capacitive element and a resistive element. The transmission line filter is embodied in complete and incomplete Gaussian filters, and in both lumped element and distributed-element configurations. A method of designing a transmission line filter having low reflectivity and Gaussian characteristics is provided in which values for desired filter parameters are ascertained, formulas for the values of the inductive, capacitive and resistive elements are derived in terms of the desired filter parameters and the number of half-cells, a number of half-cells for the filter required to achieve the desired filter parameters is selected, and lumped element values for the inductive, capacitive, and resistive elements are estimated using the selected number of half-cells.

Abstract: A bandpass filter unit includes first and second bandpass filters having substantially the same pass-band characteristics. The first and second bandpass filters are connected in parallel with each other. At least one phase shifter for shifting the phase is connected to at least one of the first and second filters. Accordingly, reflected waves occurring in the first and second bandpass filters cancel out each other at an input terminal pair and an output terminal pair.

Abstract: Multi-stage electric filters with improved intermodulation-distortion characteristics and a method for designing such electric filters is provided. In general, the invention may include a multi-resonator electric filter in which one or more of the resonators have been intentionally designed to have a different IP and/or Q than the other resonators in the electric filter. In one case, the electric filters include a 4-resonator Chebyshev narrow pass-band filter with at least the first resonator having a Q and/or IP different from at least one other resonator in the filter. The filter thereby has improved IMD power over conventional designed filters while maintaining high Q. In a preferred embodiment the filter may include a superconducting material. The relative Q and IP of the respective resonators in the improved filter may depend on the relative strength of in-band and out-of-band signals.

Abstract: A filter system includes at least two longitudinal branches with longitudinal inductors and at least one filter section (B) and an adjacent filter section (A). The filter section (B) is provided with at least one transverse branch that is interposed between the longitudinal branches, the adjacent filter section (A) adjoining the transverse branch. The number of inductors of a filter section that arc wound around different magnet cores can be reduced by equivalence transformation.

Abstract: A passive filter arrangement and a method of providing such a filter is described. The frequency response of the filter arrangement is substantially the same as the frequency response of a first filter of an order having a first value, the frequency response of the first filter being representable by a first set of one or more poles and/or one or more zeros. Descriptions of a plurality of second filters are generated, each second filter having an order lower than the order of the first value, each second filter having a frequency response representable by a one or more poles and/or one or more zeros, the one or more poles and/or one or more zeros of each lower order filter being a subset of the first set. The lower order filters are cascaded.

Abstract: A nonreducing dielectric ceramic contains a tungsten-bronze-type crystal phase including at least Ba, RE and Ti as elements, and a pyrochlore-type crystal phase including at least RE and Ti as elements, where RE is at least one rare-earth element. The relationship 0.10≦b/(a+b)≦0.90 is satisfied, where a is the maximum peak intensity assigned to the tungsten-bronze-type crystal phase and b is the maximum peak intensity assigned to the pyrochlore-type crystal phase determined by X-ray diffractometry. A ceramic electronic component includes an electronic component body composed of the nonreducing dielectric ceramic and a conductor in contact with the nonreducing dielectric ceramic.

Abstract: The present invention provides a balanced input/output filter device comprising two resonators, a pair of coupling capacitors, a positive input terminal and a negative input terminal, and a positive output terminal and a negative output terminal. Both sides of one resonator are serial connected to spiral-type inductors on the other metal layers, and both sides of the other resonator are serial connected to parallel-type capacitors on the other metal to layers. The coupling capacitors couple between the spiral-type inductors and the parallel-type capacitors respectively, and the output and input terminals are coupled to the spiral-type inductors and parallel-type capacitors respectively, which are coupled to the resonators.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed wherein a dual directional harmonics dissipation filter includes an input terminal coupled to a RF power amplifier providing a radio frequency signal in a predetermined frequency range, an output terminal for providing the radio frequency signal to a load at the predetermined frequency range, a low pass filter connected between the input terminal and the output terminal, and a plurality of high pass filters coupled to the low pass filter wherein the plurality of high pass filters receive and dissipate signals in excess of the predetermined frequency range and wherein the plurality of high pass filter's effect on the impedance is offset at the input and output of the low pass filter.

Abstract: A filter is applied between a digital signal source and a signal receiver for providing compensation of droop caused in a transmission path between the signal source and the signal receiver. The filter provides a high pass characteristic substantially approximating or following in a relevant frequency range an attenuation function substantially proportional to e−k{square root}{square root over (f)} or—when denoting attenuation in dB—substantially proportional to the square root of the frequency.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an integrated filter circuit for digitally controlling characteristics of inductor and capacitor to thereby produce a controlled resonant frequency. The integrated circuit includes a number of inductors being connected in series between a high frequency input node and a high frequency output node, a plurality of capacitors each connected to a connection node of said each inductors, a plurality of switches, each connected between each capacitor and a ground and a feedback control unit for controlling the switches by sensing an output signal from the high frequency output node to thereby selectively couple each capacitor to the ground through a selected switches based on the sensed output signal.

Abstract: A switching amplifier employs a plurality of independent output stages in a bridged configuration, with each output stage presenting the product of an independent duty cycle and two or more static of dynamic reference voltages, currents or powers to a single terminal of a common output load. A plurality of electrically controlled switches (207, 208, 209, 210, 211, 212) interconnect the references to the load (218), with a waveform generator (220) controlling the switches for a coarse and fine control of power to the load. The waveform generator preferably uses pulse-code modulation (PCM), though the invention is not limited in this regard, and is applicable to any modulation scheme or waveform suitable to sequence the electrically controlled switches. The load is preferably filtered on either side, and return paths for the power supplies (i.e., ground) are connected through separate switches to the load through the filters (213, 214, 215, 216, 217).

Abstract: The invention relates to a low pass filter (7′) which is adapted to a complex terminator wherein at least one inductor (17) is provided with a parallel-connected real resistor (18) in order to increase reflection dampening in the series arm. In the low pass filter (7′) is provided with at least one inductor (17) series arm which is not connected in parallel to a real resistor.

Abstract: The filter system designed according to the inventive method comprises at least two longitudinal branches with longitudinal inductive resistors and at least one filter step (B), and an adjacent filter step (A). The filter step (B) is provided with at least one transverse branch that is interposed in between the longitudinal branches, the adjacent filter step (A) directly adjoining the transverse branch. The umber of inductive resistors of a filter step that are wound around different magnet cores can be reduced by equivalence transformation.

Abstract: A high-frequency amplifier in a power amplifier module includes, on a substrate on which the amplifier is formed, first- and second-stage amplifiers for receiving and amplifying an input signal, a harmonic processing circuit for matching of harmonics included in an output signal from the second-stage amplifier, and a low-pass filter receiving an output from the harmonic processing circuit to selectively pass a signal to be supplied to a non-reciprocal circuit element using a predetermined frequency as a cutoff frequency.

Abstract: An apparatus to provide spike conduction and power supply isolation that is effective for a 60 Hz power supply operating frequency. The power frequency blocking circuit is practically implemented for a 60 Hz power supply operating frequency. The power frequency blocking circuit provides an equivalent impedance of 100 ohms at the 60 Hz operating frequency, and the power frequency blocking circuit equivalent impedance is on the order of 1-2 ohms at frequencies above 1000 Hz where spike conduction is required. The power frequency blocking circuit is placed between each power supply terminal and ground. The circuit is comprised of a parallel combination resistor and capacitor.

Abstract: An image rejecting microwave photonic downconverter uses a microwave sub-carrier modulation technique without concern for image frequency interference in the shifted signal, thereby allowing telecommunications systems to downconvert densely multiplexed communications channels into a low frequency band where conventionqal electronics can perform signal-processing functions. The image rejecting microwave photonic downconveter incoming microwave signals can be processed without ambiguity in direction finding applications, allowing remotable, multioctave microwave signal processing for frequency and phase determination.

Abstract: A method of producing filters using lower unloaded Q factor components than filters with the same performance characteristics but requiring higher unloaded Q factor components is disclosed. The method includes the steps of defining a desired filter characteristic and applying an algorithm which provides a filter having infinite Q factor elements and having a theoretical characteristic corresponding to the desired characteristic transformed to a compensate for the difference between finite Q factor and infinite Q factor elements.

Abstract: An electrical signal filter including elongate upper and lower filter housing members abutted along a longitudinal seam between the housing members. The housing members hold at least one circuit board having first and second filter sections electrically connected to one another. An isolation shield is formed integrally with at least the lower filter housing member and extends inwardly and upwardly from the inner surface of the lower filter housing member in a direction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal extension of the housing member. The circuit board has at least one slot for receiving at least a portion of the isolation shield, and is positioned within the filter housing members such that the isolation shield provides magnetic isolation between the first and second filter sections.

Abstract: The present invention is a surface mount component carrier comprised of a disk of insulating material having at least two apertures. The disk is substantially covered by a metalized ground surface and includes at least two conductive pads surrounding the apertures, and insulating bands which surround each conductive pad. The insulating bands separate and electrically isolates the conductive pads from the metalized ground surface. A surface mount component, such as a differential and common mode filter, is positioned lengthwise between the two conductive pads and operably coupled to the carrier. Once the surface mount component is coupled to the carrier, the combination can be manipulated, either manually or through various types of automated equipment, without subjecting the surface mount component to mechanical and physical stresses normally associated with the handling of miniature components.

Abstract: In accordance with the teachings of this invention a novel method and apparatus is taught which provides for the stabilizing of an output signal through an output circuit having a compensation circuit coupled with an output capacitor, such that the compensation circuit is configured to compensate for an equivalent series resistance of the output capacitor. The compensation circuit compensates for the equivalent series resistance by providing a shift in a phase of the output signal to stabilize the output signal. The shift in phase is accomplished through the addition of a second zero at a second zero frequency to stabilize the output signal. The second zero is added such that the second zero frequency is closer to a first pole frequency than a first zero frequency, where the first pole frequency is proportional to the equivalent series resistance and the first zero is proportional to the output capacitor.

Abstract: An arrangement of differential amplifying-type gyrators is used to implement a signal-filtering circuit with significantly reduced power consumption. One specific example implementation is directed to a signal-filtering circuit arrangement that uses a gyrator-type signal-filtering circuit to simulate a multiple-section LC ladder implementation. A plurality of transconductance cells are arranged to simulate the first inductance ladder section and at least one subsequent inductance ladder section. The first inductance ladder section is adapted to provide a gain of two or three. By setting the gain of the first section in this manner, the noise contribution of the subsequent sections is significantly lessened relative to the conventional implementation in which the gain of the first section is unity.

Abstract: A filter, for use with a delay compensating circuit in a delay line filter, formed from co-located capacitors. The capacitors may be formed as traces disposed on a circuit card and co-located to provide capacitive coupling to each other and ground. Proximity coupling wires are connected at one end to capacitive traces, and at the other end hang in mid-air above the next adjacent capacitive trace. The distance between each proximity coupling wire and the neighboring capacitive trace can be varied to control the capacitance coupling between neighboring capacitive traces. The filter is thus tuned by controlling the distances between the proximity coupling wires, and by squeezing or stretching the inductors. The shunt coils control the frequency of the filter, while the series of capacitive traces control the bandwidth.

Abstract: An IQ generator is integrated into an IC for generating IQ output signal. The IQ generator includes a signal generator providing input with two identical signals opposed in phase, a filter comprises a plurality capacitances and inductances, and output providing the I and Q signals. The capacitances and inductances of the filter are integrated into said integrated circuit.

Abstract: A method of producing filters using lower unloaded Q factor components than filters with the same performance characteristics but requiring higher unloaded Q factor components is disclosed. The method includes the steps of defining a desired filter characteristic and applying an algorithm which provides a filter having infinite Q factor elements and having a theoretical characteristic corresponding to the desired characteristic transformed to a compensate for the difference between finite Q factor and infinite Q factor elements.

Abstract: The filter for eliminating a carrier signal from a modulating signal generated by a circuit supplying a load (Z) comprises a filtering circuit (L, C; L′, C′) and a cancellation network (Lx, Cx, V2; Lx, Cx, Lx′, Cx′) which, when the load is connected to said filter, subtracts from the load a current equal to the residual carrier signal passing through said filtering circuit (L, C; L′, C′).

Abstract: The invention relates to a tunable on-chip capacity circuit for a semiconductor chip (10) mounted on a substrate (30) and including a plurality of power supply decoupling capacitors (20-23) which can be selectively activated or deactivated by being switched on or off the power supply system. An on-chip detecting circuit (32) determines a circuit specific load/unload frequency of the on-chip power supply network, and on-chip control means (28, 33) responsive to signals of the detecting circuit increases or decreases the total of the on-chip capacity (CSD) by selectively activating or deactivating power supply decoupling capacitors (20-23). Off-chip path impedances (LMC, RMC), an off-chip capacity (CM) and the total on-chip capacity (CC), including the plurality of power supply decoupling capacitors (20-23) and parasitic on-chip capacities (CP), form a resonance loop (40) which is tunable by changing the total capacity (CSD) of the on-chip power supply decoupling capacitors.

Abstract: A lumped element circulator having a plurality of operation bands, has a circulator element with a plurality of signal ports and a grounded terminal, and resonance circuits connected between the signal ports and the grounded terminal, respectively, each of the resonance circuits having a plurality of resonance points. The number of the operation bands is equal to the number of the resonance points of each of the resonance circuits.

Abstract: A zero loss bias “T” is provided for use in an RF receiver front end in order to bias a received RF signal with a DC current. The zero loss bias “T” permits a DC current to be introduced into an RF signal path of a filter having filter characteristics sufficient to pass frequencies only in a desired passband without associated losses to the RF signal. The filter may be provided by an LC filter having a ground coupling point. DC current is coupled to the RF signal path of the filter via the ground coupling point.