Abstract: A method and system for synthesizing controllable light beams includes a spatially modulated light source that generates electromagnetic radiation with a set of replicas of a predetermined symbol, s, positioned at desired positions (xs, ys) in an object plane o(x, y) intersecting, preferably perpendicular to, the direction of propagation of the electromagnetic radiation, and having spatial amplitudes a(x-xs, y-ys), spatial phases ?(x-xs, y-ys), and spatial polarisation vectors p(x-xs, y-ys), a Fourier transforming lens for Fourier transforming the electromagnetic radiation, a first spatial light modulator for phase shifting the transformed electromagnetic radiation with the phase ??(u, v) of S*, S* the complex conjugate of the transformed symbol, a Fourier transforming lens for Inverse Fourier transforming the spatially modulated radiation, a set of light beams are formed propagating through the inverse Fourier plane (x?, y?) at desired positions (x?s, y?s), and a controller for controlling the position of a

Abstract: A substrate for an electrooptic device comprising a light-transmissive base member, a reflection layer formed on the base member so as to include each reflection portion and a corresponding transmission portion having a transmission factor higher than that of the reflection portion, a light transmission layer formed over the base member so as to coincide with the reflection layer and to include each hollow at a position that coincides with the transmission portion in plane, and an orientation film formed over the base member so as to coincide with the light transmission layer and to define a concavity while entering the corresponding hollow. The thickness “b” of a liquid crystal layer corresponding to the concavity is greater than the thickness “a” of the liquid crystal layer at the other positions thereof.

Abstract: An illumination obscurement device for controlling the obscurement of illumination from a light source which is optimized for use with a rectangular, arrayed, selective reflection device. In a preferred embodiment, a rotatable shutter with three positions is placed between a light source and a DMD. The first position of the shutter is a mask, preferably an out of focus circle. This out of focus circle creates a circular mask and changes any unwanted dim reflection to a circular shape. The second position of the shutter is completely open, allowing substantially all the light to pass. The third position of the shutter is completely closed, blocking substantially all the light from passing. By controlling the penumbra illumination surrounding the desired illumination, DMDs can be used in illumination devices without creating undesirable rectangular penumbras.

Abstract: An interferometer includes a means for splitting, at a splitting location, an input light beam into a first beam and a second beam; and means for recombining, at a recombination location, the first beam and the second beam. The interferometer is designed such that the first beam will travel a first optical path length (OPL) from the splitting location to the recombination location, and the second beam will travel a second OPL from the splitting location to the recombination location and such that when the input light beam has been modulated at a data rate comprising a time interval, then the difference in optical path lengths between the first OPL and the second OPL is about equal to the time interval multiplied by the speed of light.

Abstract: A retroreflector coupled with a polarization rotator is provided according to some embodiments. The polarization rotator can be designed and/or configured to introduce a fraction of a wavelength phase difference in a received beam of light prior to reflecting the beam of light back toward the source of the light. By switching the state of the polarization rotator a communication signal can be modulated on the return beam of light.

Abstract: To operate an optical device comprising an SLM with a two-dimensional array of controllable phase-modulating elements groups of individual phase-modulating elements are delineated, and control data selected from a store for each delineated group of phase-modulating elements. The selected control data are used to generate holograms at each group and one or both of the delineation of the groups and the selection of control data is/are varied. In this way upon illumination of the groups by light beams, light beams emergent from the groups are controllable independently of each other.

Abstract: The present invention relates to optical communication, and discloses an optical modulation system and an optical modulation method. The system includes: a light emitting apparatus, a wavelength sensor, a signal processor, a controller, a pulse modulation driver, an amplitude modulation driver, and an amplitude modulator. The method includes: receiving a second optical signal among optical signals generated by a light emitting apparatus, and outputting intermittent optical signals of stable wavelengths under modulation of an amplitude drive signal, where: the optical signals are generated by the light emitting apparatus under control of a wavelength control signal and have stable wavelengths, and the wavelength control signal is generated by calculating a first optical signal emitted by the light emitting apparatus.

Abstract: A system and method for generating an optical return-to-zero signal with frequency chirp. The system includes a bit separator configured to receive an electrical non-return-to-zero signal and generate a first input signal and a second input signal. Additionally, the system includes a first driver configured to receive the first input signal and generate a first driving signal. The first driving signal is proportional to the first input signal in signal strength. Moreover, the system includes a second driver configured to receive the second input signal and generate a second driving signal. The second driving signal is proportional to the second input signal in signal strength. Also, the system includes a light source configured to generate a light, and an electro-optical modulator.

Abstract: A method for modulating an optical signal includes the following steps: modulating the intensity of the optical signal with a nonreturn-to-zero bit signal, and modulating the phase of the optical signal with a periodic phase-shift signal creating an alternating ?-phase shift every second, third or more consecutive bit. An optical transmitter for performing the above method comprises a first modulator (2) modulating the intensity of the optical signal with a nonreturn-to-zero bit signal, and a second modulator (3) modulating the phase of the optical signal with a periodic phase-shift signal creating an alternating ?-phase shift every second, third or more consecutive bit.

Abstract: An environmental sensing device includes an interferometric modulator which permanently actuates, in a visually-detectable manner, in response to being exposed to a predetermined environmental threshold or condition. The device can include a reactive layer, coating, or proof mass disposed on a movable member of the interferometric modulator. The reactive layer, coating, or proof mass can expand, contract, bend, or otherwise move when exposed to a predefined chemical, level of humidity, temperature threshold, type of radiation, and/or level of mechanical shock, causing the interferometric modulator to collapse and permanently indicate such exposure.

Abstract: A dimming mirror comprises an array of interferometric light modulators is disclosed. In one embodiment of the invention, the dimming mirror comprises a plurality of interferometric light modulators and a control circuit adapted to configure the plurality of interferometric light modulators to at least one of a plurality of predefined states, including a first state having a substantially reflective appearance and a second state having a dimmed visual appearance as contrasted with the first state. Additional features may include additional states having an appearance with a dimmed visual appearance as contrasted with the first state and a reflective appearance as contrasted with the second state.

Abstract: An environmental sensing device includes an interferometric modulator which permanently actuates, in a visually-detectable manner, in response to being exposed to a predetermined environmental threshold or condition. The device can include a reactive layer, coating, or proof mass disposed on a movable member of the interferometric modulator. The reactive layer, coating, or proof mass can expand, contract, bend, or otherwise move when exposed to a predefined chemical, level of humidity, temperature threshold, type of radiation, and/or level of mechanical shock, causing the interferometric modulator to collapse and permanently indicate such exposure.

Abstract: An optical amplifier includes a light source that outputs light having an intensity corresponding to a supplied driving power; a modulator that modulates the light output from the light source in response to an input modulation signal; a Raman amplifier that performs Raman amplification on the light modulated by the modulator using a highly-nonlinear medium; and a driver that supplies the driving power to drive the light source and inputs the modulation signal to the modulator. The driver starts inputting the modulation signal to the modulation unit before the intensity of the light propagating through the Raman amplifier exceeds an intensity value at which stimulated Brillouin scattering occurs in the Raman amplifier.

Abstract: An electro-optical display includes a first substrate and a second substrate opposing to each other, a display layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, and a cover layer covering a surface of the second substrate on an opposite side of the display layer. A surface of the display layer disposed on the first substrate is a display face, and the first substrate and the cover layer are bonded with a moisture-proof resin disposed at a sealing region surrounding the display face. The first substrate and/or the cover layer have a groove in the surface that is in contact with the moisture-proof resin, and the groove is filled with the moisture-proof resin.

Abstract: The invention provides an electrophoretic medium comprising at least two types of particles having substantially the same electrophoretic mobility but differing colors. The invention also provides article of manufacture comprising a layer of a solid electro-optic medium, a first adhesive layer on one surface of the electro-optic medium, a release sheet covering the first adhesive layer, and a second adhesive layer on an opposed second surface of the electro-optic medium.

Abstract: Lighting systems comprising a spectrum former upstream from a reflective pixelated spatial light modulator (reflective SLM), the SLM reflecting substantially all of the light in the spectrum into at least two different light paths, that do not reflect back to the light source or the spectrum former. At least one of the light paths acts as a projection light path and transmits desired light out of the lighting system. The lighting systems provide virtually any desired color(s) and intensity(s) of light, and avoid overheating problems by deflecting unwanted light and other electromagnetic radiation out of the system or to a heat management system. The systems can be part of another system, a luminaire, or any other suitable light source. The systems can provide virtually any desired light, from the light seen at the break of morning to specialized light for treating cancer or psoriasis, and may change color and intensity at speeds that are perceptually instantaneous.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to color display devices. The color display devices comprise display cells which is capable of displaying multiple color states. The display device may also comprise black matrix layers or a brightness enhancement structure on the viewing side. The present invention is directed to a display device comprising a plurality of display cells, wherein each of said display cells is sandwiched between a first layer comprising a common electrode and a second layer comprising a plurality of driving electrodes and at least one of the driving electrodes is a designated electrode, and said display device further comprises blocking layers on its viewing side and said blocking layers are located in positions corresponding to the designated electrodes.

Abstract: In an optical amplifier according to the present invention, a change signal from a change signal source is fed into a light source or a drive circuit. The wavelength of light outputted from the light source is changed based on the change signal. The wavelength-changed output light from the light source is outputted as pumping light from a pumping light generator to be supplied backwardly via an optical multiplexer/demultiplexer into an optical fiber. Signal light is Raman-amplified in the optical fiber with the supply of the pumping light.

Abstract: During cross-polarization, both sub-beams of a complex polarization undergo both a transmission and a reflection. To achieve this, a first polarizing sub-process is coupled to the complementary polarizing sub-process (transmission coupled to reflection, reflection coupled to transmission). Both sub-beams show the same polarization contrast and the same intensity, and both sub-beams are folded. The sub-beams are coupled by one common (transmission-reflection) process (a simple polarization). Cross-polarization is achieved alone by directing the beams and choosing appropriate polarizing vectors for the polarizers.

Abstract: Optical techniques, devices and systems for combining duobinary modulation and optical subcarrier multiplexing in optical communication applications. An analog mixer is used to mix a duobinary signal for a data channel and a local oscillator signal to produce a modulation control signal for controlling the subsequent optical subcarrier multiplexing modulation. Various optical subcarrier multiplexing modulation techniques may be used including optical single sideband modulators and optical double sideband modulators.

Abstract: An improved optical switch utilizes one polarization modulator, with the beam components traversing it twice. Because of the twice traverse, the extinction ratio of the switch is doubled without the addition of another polarization modulator, thus avoiding the costs of additional optical components. With no additional components, the switch is more compact than conventional switches with the same extinction ratio. Fewer components also result in more thermal and long-term stability and less crosstalk.

Abstract: A transmissive and/or reflective optical filter can receive input light, which can emanate from objects traveling along paths past the filter, e.g. from biological cells, viruses, colored spots or other markings on documents, and so forth. In response, the filter can provide output light in accordance with a combined transmission function that is approximately equal to a superposition or scaled superposition of a set of simpler transmission functions. The set can include two or more non-uniform transmission functions, a subset of which can be different from each other and positioned relative to each other so that the output light has time variation in accordance with each of the functions in the subset. The subset could include, for example, a random function and a periodic function, a chirp function and a periodic function, or any other suitable combination of two or more simpler functions.

Abstract: A high speed optical analog/digital conversion process with a simple configuration, in which an optical-pulse branching delay multiplexer generates as many duplicates of each optical pulse as the predetermined number of bits by branching each optical pulse string obtained by sampling an input optical analog signal, and generates a temporally consecutive optical pulse string by multiplexing the duplicated optical pulses with a predetermined intensity difference and time difference. An optical encoder and an optical-threshold processing unit perform an encoding and a quantization of an optical pulse string, and output an optical digital signal corresponding to the optical analog signal.

Abstract: An optical communication apparatus for controlling the operating point of an optical modulation unit appropriately. An adding unit adds a bias voltage and a pilot signal. An optical modulation unit modulates light by an electrical signal, performs further modulation by a signal from the adding unit, and outputs an optical signal. A monitor unit monitors the level of the optical signal and outputs a monitor signal. A reference signal output unit outputs a reference in phase with the pilot signal contained in the monitor signal. A synchronous pilot-signal detection unit performs synchronous detection of the monitor signal by using the reference. A synchronous noise detection unit extracts noise from the monitor signal and performs synchronous detection of the noise by using the reference. A control signal output unit subtracts the synchronous detection value of the noise from that of the monitor signal, and outputs a control signal.

Abstract: An apparatus and related methods for modulating an electromagnetic radiation beam are described. A composite material is positioned in the path of the radiation beam, the composite material comprising a plurality of commonly oriented metallic first lines spaced apart by less than a wavelength of the radiation beam and a plurality of commonly oriented metallic second lines also spaced apart by less than that wavelength. The second lines are positioned in a crossing arrangement with the first lines, a crosspoint location being defined where each first line crosses each second line. An electrically programmable impedance memory element is positioned at each crosspoint location and is electrically coupled between the first and second lines corresponding to that crosspoint location, each impedance memory element having an electrically programmed state. The composite material modulates the radiation beam according to the electrically programmed states of the impedance memory elements.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to an optical apparatus including a light source that emits light in the form of light pulses having a pulse frequency, and including at least one optical element. The disclosure also relates to a projection exposure machine including a pulsed light source and a projection objective, and to a method for modifying the imaging behavior of such an apparatus, such as in a projection exposure machine.

Abstract: A microlouver has, as a basic unit, a light-controlling layer in which a light-absorbing layer and a transparent layer are laminated together, and a plurality of basic units L and S comprising a plurality of types of light-controlling layers having different layer thicknesses or optical constants, disposed in the direction of the layer thickness of the basic units. The array mode of the basic units L and S is determined based on a random number or a sequence-generating rule. For this reason, the microlouver has a large number of frequency components in terms of spatial frequency, and moire fringes that have a specific period and are normally caused by the interference with other optical elements are therefore prevented from occurring.

Abstract: The present invention provides an optical signal noise suppressor and an optical signal noise suppressing method that can decrease noise components to be superimposed on signal light. The optical signal noise suppressor is a device for suppressing noise caused by SBS which is generated when a signal light propagates from a first end side to a second end side of an optical fiber, and comprises a light source section, an optical attenuator, an optical circulator and an optical isolator. A counter light, outputted from the light source section and passing through the optical attenuator, is guided into the optical fiber via the optical circulator. The counter light guided into the optical fiber is interrupted by the optical isolator, and does not reach the signal light source section.

Abstract: Techniques for producing higher fidelity interferometer measurements by reducing sensitivity to spurious sources include reducing the coherence length of an electromagnetic beam. In addition, multiple surfaces within an optical system may be measured by electronically tuning the position of a coherence plane along the optical paths of an interferometer. A phase modulator is used in conjunction with a long coherence length electromagnetic source to generate beams for each leg of an interferometer. Providing a controlled broadband RF signal to the phase modulator increases the bandwidth of the beam and thereby reduces the coherence length of the beam. This reduces the spurious contributions to the output interference fringes from undesired surfaces along the beam path.

Abstract: A display method applied to an electrophoretic display having pixels includes steps as follows. Firstly, a first frame is displayed on the pixels at a first time. Then the difference between the pixels at the first time and those at a second time predetermined for displaying a second frame is determined and part of the pixels corresponding to the difference are divided into a first pixel group (pg) and a second pg. The first pg shows a first single-color at the first time and a second single-color at the second time and the color shown by the second pg is opposite to that shown by the first pixel group. Next, a medium image is displayed on the first pg at a third time between the first and the second times and shows the second single-color. Afterwards, corresponding part of the second frame is displayed on the second pg at the second time.

Abstract: A system and method for increasing display brightness in laser illuminated display systems. An illumination source comprises a light source to produce colored light and a scanning optics unit optically coupled to the light source. The scanning optics unit scans the colored light along a direction orthogonal to a light path of the illumination source. The scanning optics unit comprises a diffuser to transform the colored light in beams of colored light, a scan optics element positioned in the light path after the diffuser, the scan optics element to move beams of colored light in a direction orthogonal to the light path with distinct beams of colored light separated by unilluminated space, and a lens element positioned in the light path after the scan optics element, the lens element to convert an angular refraction of the beams of colored light into a spatial deflection.

Abstract: A method of forming an image comprising providing a device for imparting respective phase shifts to different regions of an incident wavefront, wherein the phase shifts give rise to an image in a replay field, and causing zero-order light to be focused into a region between the replay field and the device.

Abstract: Disclosed is an optical component, which comprises a prism element adjacent to a lens element, where the two elements are separated by a small air gap. In disclosed embodiments, the elements have adjacent and parallel surfaces which are substantially planar and which, with the small air gap, operate through Total Internal Reflection (“TIR”) to direct light beams that strike the planar surfaces. Light beams that strike at less than the critical angle are internally reflected, while light beams which strike at greater than the critical angle pass through. The TIR surfaces thereby separate the desired optical signals from the spurious ones. The combined TIR prism lens operates as a single and integrated component which directs desired light beams to a reflective optical processing element such as a Spatial Light Modulator and which focuses the processed light beams as they leave the combined TIR prism lens.

Abstract: An interferometer system includes an optical bench and at least two mirror structures, being patterned from one or more layers on the optical bench and erected to extend substantially perpendicularly to the bench to define two interferometer arms to provide a Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) interferometer. The MEMS interferometer is further implemented in a Fourier transform spectrometer, which includes a common housing containing the interferometer and a gas cell, possibly including a preconcentrator.

Abstract: Methods and apparatusare disclosed, and include: (a) separating an input electromagnetic waveform into a plurality of intermediate waveforms, each of the intermediate waveforms being spatially separated from one another; (b) dispersing frequency components of each intermediate waveform onto different regions of a spatial light modulator and modulating at least some of the dispersed frequency components with the spatial light modulator; and (c) recombining the dispersed frequency components for each of the intermediate waveforms to produce a plurality of temporally shaped output waveforms.

Abstract: A reflective mirror assembly includes an electrochromic reflective element providing a rearward field of view to a driver of a vehicle equipped with the reflective mirror assembly. The electrochromic reflective element includes an electrochromic medium disposed between a front substrate and a rear substrate in a cavity established by a seal that connects the front substrate to the rear substrate and that spaces them apart. An overhang region at a first edge region of the front substrate extends beyond a corresponding first edge region of the rear substrate. A transparent electrical conductor is disposed at the front substrate and a mirror reflector is disposed at the rear substrate. An electrically conducting tab extends outward from said seal at least partially to the edge of the rear substrate while making electrical contact with the mirror reflector. At least one hiding layer is disposed around a perimeter region of the front substrate.

Abstract: A display with patterned photovoltaic (PV) material integrated on the front side and/or back side of the display is disclosed. Light may reach PV material situated behind a display through fully or partially transmissive features or gaps within the display. Display-generated light may also reach PV material behind a display. A patterned PV material situated in front of a display may collect both ambient light as well as display-generated light.

Abstract: An instrument for use in a borehole, the instrument including a pressure tuned light source disposed in a housing adapted for insertion into the borehole.

Abstract: An illumination optical system which illuminates an irradiated plane with illumination light provided from a light source includes a spatial light modulator which is arranged in an optical path of the illumination optical system and cooperates with part of the illumination optical system to form a desired light intensity distribution at a pupil position of the illumination optical system or a position optically conjugated with the pupil position. A detection unit detects the light intensity distribution of the illumination light at a position in an optical path extending from the light source to the spatial light modulator. The detection unit includes a light receiving surface which receives some of the illumination light. A control unit controls the spatial light modulator based on the light intensity distribution detected by the detection unit.

Abstract: A MEMS-based display device is described, wherein an array of interferometric modulators are configured to reflect light through a transparent substrate. The transparent substrate is sealed to a backplate and the backplate can contain electronic circuitry for controlling the array of interferometric modulators. The backplate can provide physical support for device components, such as electronic components which can be used to control the state of the display. The backplate can also be utilized as a primary structural support for the device.

Abstract: A chemometric analyzer for analyzing a plurality of analytes. The analyzer disperses radiation by wavelength along an encoding axis. The analyzer includes a spatial radiation modulator having a plurality of radiation filters. Each radiation filter modulates the intensity of a corresponding spectral component in the radiation.

Abstract: A system for, and method of resolving reset conflicts in a phased-reset SLM system and a projection visual display system incorporating the system or the method. In one embodiment, the system includes a reset conflict arbiter configured to receive reset instructions containing conflicts from a sequence generator and resolve the conflicts by shifting an execution time of a selected one of the reset instructions according to a conflict resolution method.

Abstract: Provided are a speckle removing light source capable of removing speckle by using laser light whose wavelength is temporally changed and a lighting apparatus for producing an image from which the speckle is removed. Provided is a speckle removing light source, including: a light source for outputting laser light; and a light frequency modulator for changing a wavelength of the laser light, in which: the wavelength of the laser light outputted from the light source is temporally changed by the light frequency modulator; and the light frequency modulator has a predetermined period set for changing the wavelength of the laser light. Also, provided is a lighting apparatus, including: a spatial light modulator illuminated with the laser light outputted from the speckle removing light source to produce an image, in which the spatial light modulator has a period set for producing the image, and the period is longer than the period for changing the wavelength of the laser light by the light frequency modulator.

Abstract: A device and a method for synthesizing a microarray are provided. The device includes a reduction optics assembly and a target assembly. The reduction optics assembly is configured to receive a light array of selectable regions of light and dark areas, to reduce a size of the light array in two-dimensions, and to project a pattern of the light array on a target surface. The target assembly includes a first stage and a second stage. The first stage is configured to move the target surface in at least two directions in plane with the projected pattern with a first precision. The second stage is mounted to the first stage and is configured to move the target surface in the at least two directions in plane with the projected pattern with a second precision that is smaller than the first precision.

Abstract: Continuous Adjustable 3Deeps Filter Spectacles are provided with lenses with continuously changeable optical densities, so that viewing of 2D movies is optimized for visualization in natural 3D. Method and means are disclosed for the continuous Adjustable 3Deeps Filter Spectacles to perform two independent optimizations to achieve optimized 3Deep visual effects on 2D movies. First they compute the optical density setting of the lenses for optimal viewing of 2D movies as 3D. Then they continuously render the lenses of the spectacles to these optical densities optimized for characteristics of the electro-optical material from which the lenses of the spectacles are fabricated. The invention works for both 3DTV and 3D Cinema theater viewing.

Abstract: An embodiment for a pixel for a display device on a substrate is disclosed. The pixel includes a first interferometric modulator on the substrate. The first interferometric modulator has a first normal direction substantially perpendicular to the first interferometric modulator and a first angularly-dependent reflectivity function comprising a first reflectivity in a first direction and a second reflectivity in a second direction, with the first reflectivity being greater than the second reflectivity. The pixel also includes a second interferometric modulator on the substrate. The second interferometric modulator has a second normal direction substantially perpendicular to the second interferometric modulator and a second angularly-dependent reflectivity function comprising a third reflectivity in the second direction and a fourth reflectivity in the first direction, with the third reflectivity being greater than the fourth reflectivity.

Abstract: An illumination optical system which illuminates a surface to be illuminated on the basis of light from a light source has a first optical path in which a diffractive optical element can be arranged at a first position thereof; a second optical path in which a spatial light modulator with a plurality of optical elements arrayed two-dimensionally and controlled individually can be arranged at a second position thereof; and a third optical path which is an optical path of light having passed via at least one of the first optical path and the second optical path and in which a distribution forming optical system is arranged. The distribution forming optical system forms a predetermined light intensity distribution on an illumination pupil located in the third optical path, based on the light having passed via at least one of the first and second optical paths.

Abstract: Long-distance transfer of a super-resolution near field can be performed with a wavelength condition of high degree of freedom. Not only an image in same size can be merely transferred, but also a magnified image can be transferred. Thus the processing technique of a near-field image is improved. Small rods are erected at predetermined spacing with one another on a two-dimensional plane. At least the exterior surface of each small rod is made of a predetermined material having a dielectric constant ?m meeting the condition “?m???d” where ?d is the dielectric constant of the surrounding medium. The axes of the small rods can be extended to a predetermined direction with respect to the two-dimensional plane. An optical near-field is incidented to one end of each small rod.

Abstract: A harmonic generation/beam shaping system to generate a shaped beam having a harmonic relationship with a beam generated by a laser, including a first harmonic generation element and a second harmonic generation element arranged sequentially along an axial beam path extending between an input from the laser and an output of the harmonic generation/beam shaping system and at least two beam shaping elements located along the axial beam path. At least one of the least two beam shaping elements is located between the second harmonic generation element and the laser to transform the beam energy profile into a preferred profile to distribute the beam energy across a larger cross sectional area of at least one harmonic generation element or to reduce peaks in the energy distribution profile of the beam, or both, wherein the preferred profile may be a flat-top profile or a Bessel function profile.

Abstract: An electro-optical modulator device and method are provided. The device comprises a light modulator unit having a first Cathode for exposing to input light; and an electric field source configured to create an electric field affecting a change in the refractive index of the first Cathode, thereby effecting a change in the propagation of light reflected from or transmitted through the first Cathode, said light from the first Cathode enabling to affect the operation of an external light sensitive electronic device.