Abstract: A microcavity-controlled two-dimensional carbon lattice structure device selectively modifies to reflect or to transmit, or emits, or absorbs, electromagnetic radiation depending on the wavelength of the electromagnetic radiation. The microcavity-controlled two-dimensional carbon lattice structure device employs a graphene layer or at least one carbon nanotube located within an optical center of a microcavity defined by a pair of partial mirrors that partially reflect electromagnetic radiation. The spacing between the mirror determines the efficiency of elastic and inelastic scattering of electromagnetic radiation inside the microcavity, and hence, determines a resonance wavelength of electronic radiation that is coupled to the microcavity. The resonance wavelength is tunable by selecting the dimensional and material parameters of the microcavity. The process for manufacturing this device is compatible with standard complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) manufacturing processes.

Abstract: A nano-composite 10 is described, including: a matrix layer 1 including a solid framework 1a and voids 1b defined by the same, and metal fine-particles 3 immobilized to the solid framework 1a. The framework 1a includes aluminum oxyhydroxide or alumina hydrate and forms a 3D network structure. The metal fine-particles have a mean particle diameter of 3 to 100 nm, with 60% or more having particle diameters of 1 to 100 nm. The metal fine-particles 3 exist in a manner that they are not in contact with one another and neighboring metal fine-particles 3 are apart from each other by a distance equal to or larger than the particle diameter DL of the larger one of the neighboring metal fine-particles 3. The metal fine-particles 3 are 3D-dispersed in the matrix layer 1, wherein each metal fine-particle 3 has a portion exposed in the voids 1b.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to display devices comprising a watermark area and a non-watermark area. The watermark aims to protect against counterfeiting or to be used for decoration purposes. The watermark is visible at certain viewing angles and/or under certain lighting conditions and it does not interfere with displaying of the regular images.

Abstract: A zonal illumination system for use in a projector, comprising a source of illumination; a first modulation stage for dividing light from the source of illumination into a plurality of zones having respective light intensities based on zonal lighting intensity of an image to be projected; and a second modulation stage for modulating light from the first modulation stage to generate the image to be projected.

Abstract: A system for delivering more than one optical power form and at least one control signal over an optical conduit includes control circuitry for controlling characteristics of the optical power system.

Abstract: An illumination unit includes a light modulation layer including a first region and a second region that have optical anisotropy and different responsiveness to an electric field. The light modulation layer satisfies an expression A/B<A1/B1 when the light modulation layer exhibits the scattering characteristics.

Abstract: An apparatus, comprising a substrate with a planar surface an optical power splitter on the surface, and an optical power combiner on the surface. The apparatus also comprises pairs of optical waveguides located on the planar surface, each waveguide of the pairs connecting a corresponding output of the optical power splitter to a corresponding input of the optical power combiner. The apparatus also comprises a plurality of optical resonators located on the surface, each of the resonators of the plurality being evanescently coupled to a corresponding one of the waveguides. For each particular one of the pairs, resonant frequencies of the optical resonators coupled to the waveguides of the particular one of the pairs are about the same. Resonant frequencies of each pair of the optical resonators coupled to two of the waveguides in different ones of the pairs are different.

Abstract: A simple and effective all-optical system, producing a multilevel coded optical signal based on the M-ASK technology and by the minimized equipment. The novel all-optical modulation technique for optical M-ASK generation is based on nonlinear interaction between optical signals, say between N 2-ASK modulated pump signals having extinction ratio ER1 and a single 2-ASK modulated optical probe signal having extinction ratio ER2. According to the invention, a 4-ASK optical signal can be obtained using just a single binary modulated pump optical signal and a single binary modulated probe optical signal.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide systems and methods to robustly inter-convert between polarization-entangled photon pairs and time-entangled photon pairs, such that produced polarization-entangled photons pairs can be converted into time-entangled photon pairs, stored as time-entangled photon pairs to preserve the entanglement for longer periods of time, and then converted back to polarization-entangled photon pairs when ready for manipulation, processing, and measurement by a quantum application.

Abstract: The invention describes classes of robust fiber laser systems usable as pulse sources for Nd: or Yb: based regenerative amplifiers intended for industrial settings. The invention modifies adapts and incorporates several recent advances in FCPA systems to use as the input source for this new class of regenerative amplifier.

Abstract: A light valve module including a first shell, a second shell, a light valve, an elastic pad and a sealant is provided. The first shell has an opening. The second shell is assembled to the first shell. The first shell and the second shell form a containing space therebetween. The light valve is disposed in the containing space and is exposed by the opening. The elastic pad is disposed between the first shell and the second shell for sealing the containing space. The sealant is adhered at a periphery of the opening and the light valve for sealing the containing space. In addition, a projection device having the light valve module is also provided.

Abstract: An electro-optic display having a color filter array is produced by attaching together a direct thermal imaging layer (112) and a backplane (102) having a two-dimensional array of pixel electrodes. The direct thermal imaging layer (112) is then exposed to temperatures sufficient to form a plurality of differently colored areas in the direct thermal imaging layer, the plurality of differently colored areas being aligned with the two-dimensional array of pixel electrodes.

Abstract: A display device (100A) includes a first substrate (11) and second substrate (41) that are placed so as to face each other; active color filter layers (32) which are placed between the first substrate (11) and the second substrate (41), which have memory properties, and which become in a colored state or an uncolored state depending on the voltage applied thereto; and a light-modulating layer (17) for controlling the intensity or degree of scattering of light incident on the active color filter layers (32) or the intensity or degree of scattering of light passing through the active color filter layers (32).

Abstract: A reflective color display pixel has a top surface for receiving ambient light, and a plurality of sub-pixels including a first sub-pixel. The first sub-pixel has a broadband mirror and a luminescent layer disposed over the broadband mirror. The luminescent layer contains a luminescent material for absorbing a portion of the ambient light and emitting light of a first color, and a light-absorbing material for absorbing light of wavelengths longer than a wavelength of the first color.

Abstract: This disclosure provides systems, methods, and apparatus for providing illumination. In one aspect, a light guide can be configured to propagate light received from a light source. The light can be propagated by total internal reflection (TIR) within the light guide. The light guide can include an output surface configured to output light and one or more light extraction elements, which are configured to redirect the light propagating in the light guide so that the light exits the light guide through the output surface. The light guide can have tapered side walls that are configured to at least partially collimate the light that is to exit out of the output surface. In some implementations, the light guide can be used to provide illumination for display devices, other electromechanical systems, or for lighting a room or task area.

Abstract: This disclosure provides systems, methods, and apparatuses for providing illumination in, for example, a display device. One or more light emitters can emit light into a light guide plate that is configured to distribute the light across an array of display elements. A substantially etendue-preserving reflector between the light emitters and the light guide can at least partially collimate light propagating in a single plane of collimation. In some implementations, a lenticular film, or other optical elements, can be used to increase divergence of the light in a plane orthogonal to the plane of collimation. The light guide can include light extraction elements, which can be frusta-shaped features for turning light out of the light guide for illuminating the display. In some implementations, a flexible electrical interconnection circuit can be used to provide power and/or signals to the light emitters, thereby providing a flexible circuit illumination system.

Abstract: An optical system in a video probe assembly includes a plurality of lenses configured to refract separate linearly polarized rays under different refractive indexes to form a plurality of different focal lengths. The optical system includes at least one light modulating element that modulates a polarization state of the linearly polarized rays passing through the at least one light modulating element in response to a control signal. The optical system includes a polarizer element that filters out some of the modulated linearly polarized rays passing through the polarizer element. A method of inspecting a target with an optical system of a video probe assembly is also provided.

Abstract: An illumination device includes a phase-modulation type spatial light modulator that is arranged at a position optically conjugate to a pupil position of an illumination lens between a light source and the illumination lens for irradiating light emitted from the light source on a sample, and a pupil projecting optics system for projecting at least one area within the pupil of the illumination lens onto a plurality of different areas of the spatial light modulator.

Abstract: Systems, apparatuses, and methods are provided that include alterable characteristics and such alterable characteristics may be coordinated. Such systems, apparatuses, and methods may include wearable apparatuses and such alterable characteristics may relate to illumination conditions or coating colors. In one example, a wearable apparatus includes an output device such as an illumination device or coating that may be manually manipulated between two different conditions. In another example, two wearable apparatuses may each include an output device such as an illumination device or a coating, and operation of the two illumination devices or coatings may be coordinated. In a further example, operation of an apparatus may be controlled by a third party or venue. Still another exemplary system may include a capturing device for capturing a characteristic of an object and controlling an output device of an apparatus to operate with the same characteristic as the captured characteristic.

Abstract: A light source device 1 includes a laser light source 10 and an optical phase modulator 15 or the like. The optical phase modulator 15 inputs coherent light output from the laser light source 10 and transmitted through a beam splitter 14, phase-modulates the light according to the position on a beam cross section of the light, and outputs the phase-modulated light to the beam splitter 14. When (p+1) areas sectioned by p circumferences centered on a predetermined position are set on a beam cross section of light input to the optical phase modulator 15, the more outside each of the (p+1) areas is, the wider the radial width of the area, the amount of phase modulation is constant in each of the (p+1) areas, and the amounts of phase modulation differ by ? between two adjacent areas out of the (p+1) areas.

Abstract: A laser light source having a semiconductor laser light source which emits a laser beam, a laser medium excited by the semiconductor laser light source to emit light, two reflectors configured to work as a resonator to confine the light emitted by the laser medium, and a holder which holds the laser medium, wherein stress is generated in the laser medium formed of a ceramic material situated in the resonator so as to control a polarization direction of the light emitted by the laser medium.

Abstract: A light modulation device includes: an input terminal into which a modulation signal is input; a light modulation element including an anode connected to the input terminal and a cathode that is grounded; a matching resistor connected in parallel with the light modulation element; a matching capacitor connected to the light modulation element and connected in series to the matching resistor; and a protective resistor connected in parallel with the light modulation element, the matching resistor, and the matching capacitor.

Abstract: A laser microscope includes an objective lens that radiates a laser beam onto a specimen; a stimulation optical system having an LCOS-SLM located at a position optically conjugate with the pupil position of the objective lens and which modulates the phase of the laser beam; and an observation optical system having a galvanometer mirror that scans the laser beam across the specimen, as observation illuminating light, and a PMT that detects the observation light coming from the specimen and collected by the objective lens. A control unit forms a three-dimensional image of the specimen and sets, in that image, stimulation sites in the specimen to be irradiated with a laser beam serving as a stimulation beam by the stimulation optical system at a plurality of different positions in the optical axis direction. The LCOS-SLM modulates the laser beam such that the stimulation sites are irradiated with the laser beam.

Abstract: An adjustable array includes a plurality of optical devices. Each adjustable array device has an optical light output therefrom and is configured whereby the corresponding optical lights of the plurality of optical devices have a predefined nonequivalent relationship relative to one another with respect to an output parameter. In response to a drive signal, the plurality of optical devices are further configured to adjust the corresponding optical lights with respect to the output parameter while substantially maintaining the predefined nonequivalent relationship.

Abstract: A method of switching an electrically actuated variable transmission layer is disclosed. The layer is between a first electrode and a second electrode, and when a sufficiently high frequency alternating electric field is applied between the first and second electrodes, a selective region of the layer in between the first and second electrodes is switched. Apparatus for use as a glazing pane having a sheet of glazing material and an electrically actuated variable transmission layer facing the sheet of glazing material is also disclosed. The layer is sandwiched between a first electrode and a second electrode. There is an electric field generator in electrical communication with the electrodes and being configured to produce an alternating electric field of sufficient strength and of a sufficiently high frequency to switch a selected region of the layer in between the first and second electrodes.

Abstract: Briefly, in accordance with one or more embodiments, a beam scanner may comprise a nanophotonics chip to provide a scanned output beam. The nanophotonics chip comprises a substrate, a grating in-coupler formed in the substrate to couple a beam from a light source into the substrate, a modulator to modulate the beam, and a photonic crystal (PC) superprism to provide a scanned output beam that is scanned in response to the modulated beam.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, for optical switching. In one aspect, a wavelength selective switch includes one or more optical input ports; one or more optical output ports; a first optical wavelength dispersion element configured to separate the plurality of wavelength channels of the input optical beam; a second optical wavelength dispersion element configured to combine two or more separate optical beams each having one or more different wavelengths, into a combined beam having the plurality of wavelength channels; a polarization modulator array configured to independently change a polarization orientation of an optical beam passing through; optical components for directing optical beams corresponding to respective wavelength channels to different polarizing modulation cells; and a polarization beam splitter configured to route received optical beams to particular output paths according to polarization orientation.

Abstract: A time domain filter receives a double sideband (DSB) input in the frequency domain and compresses this input into a time domain signal filtered by a time gate for providing a time filtered signal that is then expanded back into the frequency domain as a single sideband (SSB) output with one sideband being filtered by the time gate for translating DSB signals into SSB signals well suited for communicating chirped modulated signals as SSB signals along an electrical line or optical fiber without dispersive nulling of the communicated signal.

Abstract: It is possible to implement a PMD generating function which can set a PMD vector for each wavelength over wide wavelength bands and which has a simple control algorithm. A PCD and a DR can be controlled independently because the PMD can be set for each wavelength. Input signal light 101 is input to a first birefringent crystal 104 through a first fiber collimator 102, and is output after a first PMD is added. This output light is input to the first Stokes mapping device 105, and is output after a state of polarization is variably controlled. This output light is input to a second birefringent crystal 106, and is output after a second PMD is added. This output light is input to a Second Stokes mapping device 107, and a state of polarization is variably controlled.

Abstract: A driver with the arrangement of the travelling wave amplifier is disclosed. The driver provides n counts of cells each configuring the open collector arrangement and amplifying an input signal. The cells are arranged between an input interconnection and an output interconnection, and powered through the output interconnection. The power supply line to power the output interconnection is connected between m-th and (m+1)-th cells not through the output terminal of the output interconnection.

Abstract: In an aberration-correcting method according to an embodiment of the present invention, in an aberration-correcting method for a laser irradiation device 1 which focuses a laser beam on the inside of a transparent medium 60, aberration of a laser beam is corrected so that a focal point of the laser beam is positioned within a range of aberration occurring inside the medium. This aberration range is not less than n×d and not more than n×d+?s from an incidence plane of the medium 60, provided that the refractive index of the medium 60 is defined as n, a depth from an incidence plane of the medium 60 to the focus of the lens 50 is defined as d, and aberration caused by the medium 60 is defined as ?s.

Abstract: Apparatus for combining laser radiation (1) 5 which apparatus comprises a seed laser (2), a splitter (3), a plurality of amplifier chains (4), a reference amplifier chain (7), detection means (5). demodulator means (6), and phase control means (12), wherein each of the amplifier chains (4) comprises at least one optical amplifier (11), optical radiation (17) emitted from the seed laser (2) is split into the plurality of amplifier chains (4) by the splitter (3).

Abstract: A system and method for simulating atmospheric turbulence for testing optical components. A time varying phase screen representing atmospheric turbulence is generated using Karhunen-Loeve polynomials and a splining technique for generating temporal functions of the noise factor for each Zernike mode. The phase screen is input to a liquid crystal spatial light modulator. A computer display allows the user to set geometric characteristics, the severity of the turbulence to be simulated, and to select between methods for generating atmospheric turbulence including Karhunen-Loeve polynomials, Zernike polynomials, and Frozen Seeing.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a base substrate, a pixel electrode, a plurality of capsular structures, a common electrode and a plurality of color filters. The base substrate includes a plurality of unit pixel regions. Each of the unit pixel regions has a plurality of sub pixel regions. A pixel electrode is formed in each of the sub pixel regions. A plurality of capsular structures is disposed on the base substrate. Each of the capsular structures is formed in each of the unit pixel regions and having a cavity. A common electrode is formed on the capsular structures. A plurality of color filters is formed on the capsular structures. Each of the color filters is formed in each of the sub pixel regions. An opening ratio of the sub pixel regions and light transmittance are relatively high.

Abstract: To include a light modulator having an anode electrode, a matching resistor, a first wire that is connected to the anode electrode and transmits to the anode electrode an input electric signal to the light modulator, a first conductor pad having a capacitor connected to the first wire, a second wire that connects the anode electrode and the matching resistor, and a second conductor pad having a capacitor connected to the second wire.

Abstract: To provide an optical phase modulation circuit and an optical phase modulation method capable of achieving a high-speed operation without increasing the power consumption. An optical phase modulation circuit according to the present invention includes an optical modulation unit 50 that includes a plurality of division electrodes 12 to 15 connected in tandem and generates a modulation signal by summing up optical signals modulated by using respective division electrodes, drive circuits 8 to 11 that drive the plurality of division electrodes, and a modulation timing control unit 60 that controls timings at which the optical signals are modulated in the plurality of division electrodes 12 to 15, by controlling an operation timing of the drive circuits 8 to 11.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed for computer modeling of amplitude modulated light in dispersive optical systems. Ray tracings are extended to include calculations of the modulated phase for the rays. Examples are given for electronic distance measurement instrument applications.

Abstract: Technologies are generally described for a nanoparticle filter and system effective to move a nanoparticle from a fluid to a location. In some examples, the method includes providing the fluid including the nanoparticles. In some examples, the method further includes applying a first light to the fluid to create a first plasmon. In some examples, the first plasmon is effective to aggregate the nanoparticles to generate a nanoparticle aggregation. In some examples, the method includes applying a second light to the fluid to create a second plasmon. In some examples, the second plasmon is effective to move the nanoparticle aggregation to a location.

Abstract: An optical pulse generating apparatus that supplies pump light and probe light includes a light source and a modulation unit configured to modulate light emitted from the light source, thereby dividing the light into the pump light and the probe light. The modulation unit is configured such that a frequency for modulating the light is variable. The modulation unit changes a difference between a moment of the pump light incident on an object and a moment of the probe light incident on the object by changing the frequency.

Abstract: A photorefractive composite, a spatial light modulator and a hologram display device using the same include at least one carborane compound expressed as the following Chemical Formulae 1A through 1C: wherein the photorefractive composite exhibits photoconductivity and optical nonlinearity.

Abstract: A laser pulse stretching unit is described herein which is configured to change the reflectivity of one or more beam splitters located therein to change a temporal profile of an output beam without needing to adjust a length of any delay lines. In addition, a method is described herein for using the laser pulse stretching unit to change the reflectivity of one or more beam splitters located therein to change a temporal profile of an output beam without needing to adjust a length of any delay lines.

Abstract: An optical phase modulator having a reduced time drift of an electro-optical response is disclosed. An optical waveguide exhibiting the electro-optic effect includes two serially coupled portions having opposite time drifts of magnitudes of their respective electro-optical responses. As a result, a time drift of an overall electro-optical response of the optical phase modulator is lessened.

Abstract: A first apparatus for displaying a color image comprises an electro-optic display (1002) having a plurality of pixels, each of which can be independently set to a light-transmissive optical state or a substantially opaque optical state, and lighting means (1006) arranged to flash separate pulses of light of at least two differing colors on to one surface of the electro-optic display (1002). A second apparatus for generating pulses of light of differing colors comprising a light source and a filter assembly comprising first (1100) and second (1106) electro-optic layers each having a light-transmissive state and a colored state, the two colored states being different, and electrodes to switch these layers between these states.

Abstract: This disclosure provides systems, methods and apparatus for display assemblies. In one aspect, a display assembly may include a first panel, a second panel, and a third panel. The second panel may be spaced apart from the first panel, and the third panel may be spaced apart from the second panel. A first perimeter frame may join the first panel and the second panel, with the first perimeter frame defining a first cavity in between the first panel and the second panel. The first cavity may be substantially filled with a first liquid. A second perimeter frame may join the second panel and the third panel, with the second perimeter frame defining a second cavity in between the second panel and the third panel. The second cavity may be substantially filled with a second liquid.

Abstract: This disclosure provides systems, methods and apparatus for providing illumination by using a light guide to distribute light. In an aspect, an illumination system is provided with a substrate having a first side and a second side opposite the first. The substrate can be optically transmissive and form part of the light guide for distributing light. The first side of the substrate is processed using a first processing technology. Processing the first side includes forming a light turning feature on the first side and forming a protective layer over the light turning feature. The second side is processed using a second processing technology to form display elements, while the protective layer protects the first side from damage. The first and second processing technologies can be performed using the same tool set. In addition to protecting the first side, the protective layer may function as an optical cladding and/or passivation layer.

Abstract: Herein is disclosed an automatic darkening filter apparatus comprising a shutter control system configured to cause a shutter to switch from a dark state to an intermediate state in response to a change from high intensity incident light to low intensity incident light being detected. The control system is further configured to maintain the shutter in the intermediate state for a period of time, unless during this period of time high intensity light is detected, in which case the control system causes the shutter to switch to the dark state. If, at the end of the period of time, high intensity light is not detected, the shutter is caused to switch from the intermediate state to a light state.

Abstract: A fluorescence emission imaging method and apparatus allows for high frame rate imaging in scattering medium as well as for fluorescence, phosphorescence, or luminescence lifetime imaging, time-resolved fluorescence, phosphorescence, or luminescence lifetime spectroscopy and imaging. A method involves providing an illumination beam, propagating the illumination beam to a light modulator array, modulating the illumination beam so as to generate an array of point sources, wherein each of the point sources is modulated at a frequency, imaging the modulated illumination beam on the object, and detecting a fluorescent, phosphorescent, or luminescent emission from the object. An optical imaging component in the form of a modulation mask has multiple bands. Each band has alternating transmissive and/or reflective and/or absorptive regions that are patterned such that light scanned over a band will be modulated at a band-related frequency.

Abstract: A method for generating two delayed pulses, in particular in terahertz spectroscopy and/or in pump-probe experiments, with the following method steps: generating a pulsed beam using a beam source, in particular a pulsed laser; dividing the pulsed beam, where a first partial beam contains a first pulse and a second partial beam contains a second pulse; directing the two pulses onto a respective target area, the first pulse directly reaching a first target area and the second pulse reaches a second target area after covering a delay path, and the two target areas may coincide; using the two pulses, in particular for a measuring method, where a time delay of the two pulses in the respective target area is adjustable by a pulse repetition rate of the pulsed beam.

Abstract: There is provided a color regulating device for illumination. The color regulating device includes a light-valving structure for adjusting a flux ratio of outgoing light through the light-valving structure to incident light entering the light-valving structure, and a color-adjusting structure having a wavelength-band converting element for changing incident light with a wavelength band into outgoing light with a different wavelength band through the element. Wherein, the light-valving structure and the color-adjusting structure at least partially overlap on the traveling path of light, forming at least one overlapping structure. Mixing the outgoing lights of the light source passing through light-valving structure, the color-adjusting structure, and the overlapping structure to obtain a different wavelength band (or color temperature) from that of the light source. There are also provided a color adjusting apparatus for illumination including the color adjusting device and a color adjusting method.

Abstract: An active matrix electrophoretic display is driven. In a reset period Tr a reset voltage is applied to each pixel electrode. Next, in a writing period an applied voltage is applied to each of said pixel electrode during a time period corresponding to a gradation value designated by an image data. Next, a common voltage is applied to each of said pixel electrode, so that electric charge accumulated in each capacitor is taken away and no electric field is applied to each dispersal system, thereby a displayed image is held.