Abstract: The concentration of Phase II sodium tripolyphosphate in the sodium tripolyphosphate produced by spray drying a feed liquor comprising sodium orthophosphate, sodium pyrophosphate or mixture thereof, is increased to at least 90% by weight of sodium tripolyphosphate product, by seeding the feed liquor with Phase II material. Phase II yield is further increased by introducing with the feed liquor, in addition to the Phase II seed material, a minor amount of sodium sulfate. Hydrolysis of the Phase II seed is minimized by concentrating the Phase II seed in feed liquor in a separate feed tank at a lower temperature than the main feed line. Dispersing the Phase II seed in water, a dilute soda ash solution or an inert organic liquid and then injecting the dispersion into the feed liquor into the spray dryer promotes good contact between the seed and feed.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of novel phosphorus-vanadium and phosphorus-vanadium co-metal catalysts having a characteristic X-ray diffraction pattern suitable for use in the manufacture of maleic anhydride from benzene, butane and other C.sub.4 hydrocarbons which process comprises reacting at a temperature of about 0.degree. C. to about 200.degree. C. a vanadium compound in an organic ether solvent having about 2 to about 10 carbon atoms with a phosphoryl halide in the presence of water or an aliphatic alcohol having from about 1 to about 8 carbon atoms, eliminating the solvent and activating the catalyst by the addition of the hydrocarbon feedstock and water and a phosphorus compound at a temperature of about 300.degree. C. to about 500.degree. C. wherein the amount of water added is about 1000 parts per million to about 40,000 parts per million by weight of the reactor feed gas stream is disclosed. The catalysts are useful for the manufacture of maleic anhydride from benzene, butane and other C.sub.

Abstract: An improved method of synthesis for a composition comprising crystalline silicophosphoaluminate (MCM-2) is provided. The composition has ion-exchange properties and is readily convertible to catalytically active material. The synthesis method requires two liquid phases comprising a suitable organic or inorganic directing agent and specific reactants, including a specific aluminum phosphate of the ALPO-5 structure.

Abstract: Alkali metal phosphates and HF can be produced from a substantially calcium-free fluoroaluminum phosphate precipitate (which also contains iron) made by the aging of wet process phosphoric acid containing iron, fluorine and aluminum, preferably phosphoric acid analyzing in the range of about 15%-45 weight percent P.sub.2 O.sub.5, 2-4% Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 and 1-2% fluorine. One process involves digestion of phosphate ore matrix in recycled phosphoric acid, filtration to remove the insoluble residue, precipitation and filtration to remove gypsum, and aging of the product acid to precipitate the aluminum impurity as a fluoroaluminum phosphate compound. The fluoroaluminum phosphate can be decomposed (as by heating at above 195.degree. C.) to produce HF and aluminum phosphate. The aluminum phosphate can be contacted with alkali metal hydroxide under conditions which produce an alkali metal phosphate.

Abstract: An amorphous chromium (III) phosphate catalyst is used in alkylating aromatics and in the dehydration of alcohols to ethers.

Abstract: A new composition comprising crystalline antimonophosphoaluminate, designated MCM-14, and the novel method for its synthesis are provided. The composition has ion-exchange properties and is readily convertible to catalytically active material. The synthesis method requires two liquid phases comprising a suitable organic or inorganic directing agent and specific reactants.

Abstract: An improved process for the production of granular ammonium polyphosphate fertilizer of a nominal 11-56-0 grade resulting from the pressure ammoniation of phosphoric acid without the use of a preneutralizer and using a specially designed pipe reactor to effect coating and granulation of an anhydrous melt onto cascading granules of ammonium polyphosphate with polyphosphate contents thereof ranging from about 15 percent to 30 percent of the total P.sub.2 O.sub.5. The instant invention defines the operating parameters which allow for the practice of a process wherein there is essentially no degradation in the amount of P.sub.2 O.sub.5 values produced as polyphosphate in the melt as said melt is further processed in the remaining steps therein through the step of product recovery, i.e., we have discovered the parameters for operating a process wherein essentially no hydrolysis of the polyphosphate P.sub.2 O.sub.5 values in the melt occurs.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a process for making alkali metal phosphates, especially alkali metal polyphosphates, from alkali metal phosphate solutions or suspensions. To this end the solutions or suspensions are forced to flow through a plurality of single opening nozzle structures under a pressure of 6 to 66 bars and sprayed inside a tower through a flame zone produced by a plurality of burners arranged in annular fashion. The disclosure also relates to a device for carrying out the process, wherein a cylindrical spray tower (1) having a tapered lower end and being closed by means of a cover (2) has a solvent feed pipe (5) terminating in a spray means (6) centrally passed through the cover, and wherein a plurality of burners is passed through the cover (2), concentrically around the solvent feed pipe (5). The spray means (6) is comprised of a feed pipe (15) and at least one spray head (12), which has a plurality of single opening nozzle structures (17) disposed in its terminal surface area (13).

Abstract: There is provided a method for preparing a microporous crystalline aluminum phosphate with a urea templating agent. Also provided are microporous, crystalline aluminum phosphates having characteristic structures.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for the manufacture of a crystalline, phosphorus-containing zeolite of the ZSM-5 type by mixing water, a silicon dioxide source, an alkali metal hydroxide and an aluminum compound, and reacting this mixture at a temperature of from 95.degree. to 230.degree. C. until the zeolite has crystallized, which comprises carrying out the reaction without addition of an organic compound but in the presence of aluminum phosphate. The zeolite obtained has the following molar ratios:SiO.sub.2 :Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 from 15 to 200,M.sub.2 O:SiO.sub.2 from 10.sup.-6 to 1 andH.sub.2 O:SiO.sub.2 from 0 to 40(M being an alkali metal). It is free from organic compounds and contains phosphate in a molar ratio of P.sub.2 O.sub.5 :SiO.sub.2 of from 10.sup.-5 to 0.1. X-ray diffraction patterns are indicated.

Abstract: Described herein is a process for enhancing the hydrophobicity of crystalline molecular sieves and also crystalline molecular sieve compositions which have enhanced hydrophobic character and modified catalytic properties. The crystalline molecular sieves are contacted with a silicon tetrafluoride gas mixture at a temperature from about ambient to about 200.degree. C. to alter (1) the framework aluminum and silica content, (2) the surface characteristics, and (3) the acidic sites of the molecular sieves with resulting modification of both the adsorptive properties, i.e., enhanced hydrophobicity, and catalytic properties of the molecular sieves. The crystalline molecular sieves can further undergo ion exchange to remove any aluminum fluoride cation species such as AlF.sup.++ and AlF.sub.2.sup.+. The crystalline molecular sieve compositions of this invention are useful as selective hydrophobic adsorbents and catalysts.

Abstract: A process for producing a copper(II) hydroxide phosphate having the Cu.sub.3 (PO.sub.4).sub.2.Cu(OH).sub.2 composition and having a light natural color and an average grain size less than 10 microns. Basic copper carbonate of a bulk density less than 800 grams per liter is treated in an aqueous dispersion with phosphoric acid at temperatures less than 70.degree. C. and the reaction mixture is then mechanically agitated further within the same temperature range.The copper phosphate so obtained is applicable as a smoke-reducing additive in polyvinyl or molding materials containing the same.

Abstract: The heat storage material, which undergoes reproducible transition in the range 66.degree. to 74.degree. C., comprises sodium pyrophosphate decahydrate (Na.sub.4 P.sub.2 O.sub.7.10 H.sub.2 O) dispersed throughout an open cell polymeric matrix which is stable in an aqueous medium at 80.degree. C.In use (for example, for space heating) the material is alternately heated to above 80.degree. C. and cooled below its transition temperature with evolution of heat.

Abstract: Aluminum phosphate having reduced fines is produced by gelling said aluminum phosphate in the presence of an acrylamide polymer. The resulting support is of primary utility as a base for a chromium olefin polymerization catalyst but is also suitable as a support for titanium catalysts such as TiCl.sub.3, TiCl.sub.4 /MgCl.sub.2 and other conventional catalysts typically associated with polymerization of propylene.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a process for making alkali metal polyphosphates, especially alkali metal triphosphates. To this end, the disclosure provides for an alkali metal phosphate solution or suspension to be forced through at least one nozzle and for them to be sprayed inside a spray tower through a flame zone produced by a one or more burners arranged in annular fashion. More particularly, the disclosure provides for fine particulate alkali metal polyphosphates, especially alkali metal triphosphates, to be additionally introduced into the spray tower from above and for them to be regularly distributed across the spray region(s) of the nozzle(s) with formation of agglomerated products.The disclosure also relates to an apparatus for carrying out the process.

Abstract: A process of preparing chromium (III) compounds from chromate and/or dichromate salts by forming a mixture of such salts, an acid, water and a reducing agent. Additional acid is added to the mixture which is then cooled selectively precipitating the salt of the anion of the acid and the cation of the chromate and/or dichromate salts which is separated from the solution containing the desired chromium (III) compound.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel amorphous phosphosilicates represented by the formulae Zr(PO.sub.4).sub.2y (SiO.sub.2).sub.z.n'H.sub.2 O (I) and M.sub.2/l Zr(PO.sub.4).sub.2y (SiO.sub.2).n'H.sub.2 O (III) and the processes for producing the same.

Abstract: The disclosure provides activated ammonium polyphosphate undergoing decomposition at an increased rate at temperatures within the range 300.degree. to 600.degree. C., the ammonium polyphosphate having been obtained by reacting it with melamine and/or dicyandiamide or their derivatives at 100.degree. to 200.degree. C.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a process for making linear, substantially water-insoluble ammonium polyphosphates of the general formula (NH.sub.4 PO.sub.3).sub.10-1000 by heating and continuously mixing phosphorus pentoxide and ammonium orthophosphate in the presence of ammonia and tempering the resulting reaction product over a period of several hours at 200.degree. to 400.degree. C. in the presence of ammonia. To this end, the phosphorus pentoxide and ammonium orthophosphate are subjected at 50.degree. to 150.degree. C.

Abstract: The invention relates to the chemical removal of phosphorus compounds from waste water, this waste water being treated with one or more metal compounds, without any problems presenting themselves as regards the separation of the metal phosphate compounds. To achieve this, the waste water is treated with the metal compound in a fluidized bed of metal phosphate particles.The invention also relates to a process for the purification of waste water in which the effluent from a biological purification is subjected to the above-mentioned method for the removal of phosphorus.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a process for making alkali metal phosphates, especially alkali metal polyphosphates, from alkali metal phosphate solutions or suspensions. To this end the solutions or suspensions are forced to flow through a plurality of single opening nozzle structures under a pressure of 6 to 66 bars and sprayed inside a tower through a flame zone produced by a plurality of burners arranged in annular fashion. The disclosure also relates to a device for carrying out the process, wherein a cylindrical spray tower (1) having a tapered lower end and being closed by means of a cover (2) has a solvent feed pipe (5) terminating in a spray means (6) centrally passed through the cover, and wherein a plurality of burners is passed through the cover (2), concentrically around the solvent feed pipe (5). The spray means (6) is comprised of a feed pipe (15) and at least one spray head (12), which has a plurality of single opening nozzle structures (17) disposed in its terminal surface area (13).

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a process for making calciummonohydrogen phosphate dihydrate with a high degree of whiteness from pure phosphoric acid and naturally occurring calcium carbonates. More particularly, a fine-particulate calcium carbonate is suspended in water and the suspension is mixed at temperatures between 0.degree. and 60.degree. C. with phosphoric acid so as to establish a Ca/P-ratio of 0.20 up to 0.57. The phosphoric acid is added in quantities per unit time preventing the resulting mixture from foaming over. Next, solid matter constituents are separated from the mixture, after CO.sub.2 has ceased to evolve, with the resultant formation of a clear colorless acid solution. This solution and an aqueous suspension or solution of pure alkali metal and/or alkaline earth metal carbonates and/or hydroxides, are jointly introduced into a reaction zone at a reaction temperature of 20.degree. to 45.degree. C. so as to establish a pH-value initially of 2.0 to 5.

Abstract: Phosphoric acid, especially orthophosphoric acid, is employed as the absorption medium in an absorption heat pumping system using water as its working medium. The acid may contain additions of corrosion inhibitors and/or boiling point elevating agents if desired.

Abstract: A substantially dry, granulated, relatively dust free, and commercially valuable fertilizer product is obtained by treating the waste dross product from resmelting and purification of scrap aluminum with phosphoric acid.

Abstract: Suspended black carbonaceous material contained in aqueous ammonium polyphosphate solutions, which are derived from impure wet-process phosphoric acid, is removed by mixing such a solution with ionic, water soluble, organic polymers, holding the mixture until the suspended carbonaceous material flocculates and floats to the surface, and separating the flocculated carbonaceous material from the resulting clarified ammonium polyphosphate solution.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for recovering phosphate (P.sub.2 O.sub.

Abstract: Method for production of granular ammonium polyphosphate fertilizer in which ammonium polyphosphate melt is prepared in a simple inline reactor and distributed onto a bed of solids in a drum granulator to bind smaller fertilizer particles into granules. The desired polyphosphate content can be obtained in the granular product by adjusting the total heat input of the feed reactants to the reactor by means of energy conservation modifications to the system. Energy losses are controlled by use of a predetermined quantity of insulation so that varying amounts of the maximum theoretical heat input can be utilized to produce products of polyphosphate contents as desired.

Abstract: The process allows essentially all of the nitrogen and P.sub.2 O.sub.5 values in the treated black ammonium polyphosphate liquid to be recovered in the form of valuable clarified product. In the process, a heel of black liquid fertilizer is first clarified by a prior-art procedure using flocculants. The improvement over the prior art picks up with the byproduct tops which is then diluted with the water of formulation required to dissolve additional amounts of ammonium polyphosphate melt. This diluted liquid is filtered, the filter cake containing upwards of 99 percent of the undesirable black carbonaceous material is discarded, and the clear filtrate, which contains essentially all of the nitrogen and P.sub.2 O.sub.5 originally in the tops, is then used in lieu of the prior-art water of formulation to dissolve additional ammonium polyphosphate melt to produce more black ammonium polyphosphate liquid.

Abstract: The present invention provides the following:(a) An aluminophosphorus compound wherein the atomic ratio of P to Al exceeds 1:1 and having anion exchange properties.(b) A process for preparing such an aluminophosphorus compound comprising treating an aluminous compound, for example a zeolite, a clay, or alumina with a melt comprising a phosphate, for example ammonium dihydrogen orthophosphate, and removing excess phosphate from the compound thereby formed.(c) A process for at least partially removing anions from an aqueous solution which comprises contacting the aqueous solution containing the anions with the aluminophosphorus compound.(d) A process for the chromatographic separation of two anions in aqueous solution wherein the chromatographic stationary phase comprises the aluminophosphorus compound.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of producing an aqueous solution rich in phosphorous and recovering metal compounds in the purification of sewage-water or raw-water, in a plant which includes at least one chemical treatment stage in which an iron compound is supplied to the water to precipitate phosphorous present therein. The method is characterized in that the sludge from the chemical treatment stage is treated with hydrogen sulphide under anaerobic conditions, phosphorous compounds being dissolved from the sludge and metal sulphide being formed. The metal sulphides are dissolved to form metal salt solutions, of which at least the iron salt solution is separated and recycled to the chemical treatment stage. It is also possible prior to separating the iron salt solutions to recycle the metal salt solutions one or more times. The dissolved phosphorous can be removed in the form of an aqueous solution and treated in accordance with the so-called Donnert-process, to form calcium phosphate.

Abstract: Aluminum zinc phosphate hydrates or basic aluminum zinc phosphate hydrates are manufactured by reacting 1 mole of aluminum hydrogen phosphate with from 2.4 to 4 moles of zinc oxide, if necessary with the addition of up to 0.4 moles of alkali aluminate or the equivalent quantity of alkali hydroxide. A 50% by weight acidic aluminum hydrogen phosphate solution is preferably used for the reaction which is carried out at an elevated temperature in the range from 30.degree. to 80.degree. C. The aluminum zinc phosphate hydrates produced by the method are useful anti-corrosion pigments for use in paints.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for making long chain ammonium polyphosphate consisting essentially of crystalline modification II. To this end, a mixture of phosphorus pentoxide and ammonium orthophosphate in a molar ratio of 1:0.9 to 1:1.1 is reacted with 0.1 to 15 mol % of melamine or its condensation products selected from melam, melem or mellon, calculated as melamine, at a temperature within the range 50.degree. to 150.degree. C. in the presence of an excess of ammonia and the reaction product is heat-treated at temperatures within the range 200.degree. to 400.degree. C.

Abstract: Condensed aluminum phosphates, useful as hardeners for water glass cements, are prepared in a solid state reaction by dry mixing aluminum hydroxide with an ammonium phosphate, heating the mixture at an initial temperature below 250.degree. C. for longer than about 2 hours and then raising the temperature in stages to at least about 400.degree. C. so as to minimize foaming and to avoid any liquefaction of the mixture during the reaction.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for making granulated, partially or completely hydrated alkali metal diphosphates or triphosphates. To this end, the invention provides for alkali metal diphosphates or triphosphates which consist to an extent of at least 20% of particles with a size of less than 0.045 mm and are hydrated to an extent of less than 90%, based on the phosphates' theoretical content of water of hydration, to be intensively mixed and granulated in the presence of water and an ammonium polyphosphate, this latter being used in a proportion of about 0.5 to 50 weight %, based on the quantity of water used.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for converting water-soluble, condensed phosphates of the following general formula (I)M.sub.2 O(MPO.sub.3).sub.n (I)in which M stands for sodium, potassium or ammonium and n stands for a number between 4 and about 100, to granulate, wherein the pulverulent, water-soluble, condensed phosphate is thoroughly agitated and granulated in the presence of water and of a phosphate salt other than the condensed phosphate. More specifically, the condensed phosphate of general formula (I) or a mixture of the phosphate with an anhydrous or partially hydrated alkali metal phosphate is thoroughly agitated and granulated in the presence of water and an ammonium polyphosphate of the following general formula (II)H.sub.(n-m)+2 (NH.sub.4).sub.m P.sub.n O.sub.3n+1 (II)in which n stands for an integral average value of 3 to 1000, m stands for a whole number of up to n+2, and the m/n-ratio is between about 1.0 and 1.67.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a process for making granular sodium tripolyphosphate of high abrasion resistance. To this end, the disclosure provides for sodium orthophosphate to be subjected to a one-stage spray-drying operation inside a heated spray tower by means of a nozzle with condensation of the orthophosphate. More particularly the orthophosphate is sprayed jointly with a solution of a high molecular weight phosphate of sodium, potassium or ammonium.

Abstract: A substantially pure composition of matter and process for making the same which comprises a zinc hydroxy phosphite complex represented by the theoretical structural formula [2Zn(OH).sub.2. ZnHPO.sub.3 ].XZnO wherein X is a number from 0 to 17 and wherein the structure has infrared absorption frequencies at 3506; 3472; 3282; 3163; 2401; 2361; 1079; 947; 867; and 796 cm.sup.-1, .+-.4.0 cm.sup.-1, and X-ray diffraction d(A) spacings at 9.04; 5.94; 4.44; 3.58; 3.44; 3.38; 2.75; 2.70; and 1.67; .+-.0.02A.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for making aqueous alkali metal phosphate solutions by subjecting aqueous alkali metal phosphite solutions to catalytic oxidation with oxygen or air. More particularly, oxygen or air in stoichiometric excess proportions is introduced into the aqueous alkali metal phosphite solution at about 30.degree. to 110.degree. C., at a pH-value of 0 to about 8, and in the presence of SiO.sub.2 or aluminum silicate containing at most 10 weight % Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, for as long as necessary to achieve conversion of the alkali metal phosphite to alkai metal phosphate. After completion of the oxidation, the aqueous solution is separated from the catalyst.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a process for making granulated, hydrated alkali metal orthophosphates. To this end, the disclosure provides for one or more anhydrous or partially hydrated alkali metal orthophosphates presenting a degree of hydration of less than 90%, based on the theoretically possible degree of hydration, and containing an at least 20% proportion of particles with a size of less than 0.045 mm, to be intensively mixed and granulated with water and an ammonium polyphosphate.

Abstract: Crystalline alpha zirconium phosphate Zr(HPO4).sub.2.H.sub.2 O, which can selectively remove ammonia and heavy metal ions from solution by ion exchange, is made by forming a room-temperature solution of zirconyl chloride ZrOCl.sub.2 in hydrochloric acid and adding sodium fluoride; the pH is now at most 1.6, the zirconium concentration is about 0.1M and the molar ratio sodium:zirconium is 5:1. Then, with rapid mixing, this composition is added to 15M phosphoric acid H.sub.3 PO.sub.4 (molar ratio phosphate:zirconium at least 3:1). Zirconium phosphate is precipitated.

Abstract: A supercooling inhibitor comprising a supercooling inhibitor base having all or part of its surface coated with sodium acetate trihydrate. The supercooling inhibitor base comprises one or more members selected from the group consisting of sodium pyrophosphate (Na.sub.4 P.sub.2 O.sub.7), trisodium monohydrogen pyrophosphate (Na.sub.3 HP.sub.2 O.sub.7), disodium dihydrogen pyrophosphate (Na.sub.2 H.sub.2 P.sub.2 O.sub.7), monosodium trihydrogen pyrophosphate (NaH.sub.3 P.sub.2 O.sub.7), sodium pyrophosphate decahydrate (Na.sub.4 P.sub.2 O.sub.7.10H.sub.2 O), and disodium dihydrogen pyrophosphate hexahydrate (Na.sub.2 H.sub.2 P.sub.2 O.sub.7.6H.sub.2 O). The supercooling inhibitor of the present invention is useful for inhibiting the supercooling of sodium acetate trihydrate which is used as a heat regenerating material utilizing heat of fusion.

Abstract: Either commercial yellow phosphorus or a phosphorus sludge is reacted with a slurry of calcium hydroxide in aqueous sodium hydroxide to form a sodium hypophosphite solution containing calcium and hydroxide ions. The solution is neutralized with phosphoric acid or an acid phosphate salt with the co-production of an insoluble calcium phosphate. The neutral solution is contacted with an ion exchange resin charged with sodium ions to remove any remaining calcium ions.

Abstract: A method of spray drying 1-3-8 sodium aluminum phosphate reaction mixtures by the steps:(A) forming an aqueous 1-3-8 SALP reaction mixture by reacting Na.sub.2 CO.sub.3,Al(OH).sub.3 and H.sub.3 PO.sub.4 in a Na:Al:PO.sub.4 atomic ratio of 1:3:8 at a water content between about 30% and about 48% and in the presence of an effective amount of a non-toxic, substantially, water soluble metal sulfate as a precipitation inhibitor;(B) adding sufficient water to (A) to form a sprayable solution, and(C) spray drying the solution of (B) and recovering the dried product.

Abstract: Phosphosiderite, FePO.sub.4.2H.sub.2 O, is prepared in high yield from molten Fe(NO.sub.3).sub.3.9H.sub.2 O and H.sub.3 PO.sub.4 using a phosphosiderite seed for initiation of precipitation and crystallization.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the oxidation of alkali metal phosphites to alkali metal phosphates at temperatures of between 400.degree. and 500.degree. C. To this end, alkali metal phosphites are employed in the form of an aqueous solution or suspension and, if necessary, the alkali metal : P atomic ratio in this feed material is adjusted to a ratio which at least corresponds to the atomic ratio desired for the final product.More particularly, the solution or suspension is spray-dried in a tower, in a single operational stage, by spraying in a flame zone. Starting material free from alkali metal phosphate and with an alkali metal : P atomic ratio equal to or greater than 3.5 is used for making a trialkali metal phosphate which is obtained in admixture with an alkali metal hydroxide. Starting material which contains from 25 to 45% by weight of alkali metal phosphate, calculated as phosphorus, based on their total phosphorus content, is employed for making alkali metal polyphosphates.

Abstract: Suspended black carbonaceous material contained in aqueous ammonium polyphosphate solutions, which are derived from impure wet-process phosphoric acid, is removed by mixing such a solution with ionic, water soluble, high polymers having a molecular weight in excess of one million, holding the mixture until the suspended material flocculates and floats to the surface, and separating the flocculated carbonaceous material from the resulting clarified ammonium polyphosphate solution.

Abstract: Suspended black carbonaceous material contained in aqueous ammonium polyphosphate solutions, which are derived from impure wet-process phosphoric acid, is removed by mixing such a solution with ionic, water soluble, organic polymers, holding the mixture until the suspended carbonaceous material flocculates and floats to the surface, and separating the flocculated carbonaceous material from the resulting clarified ammonium polyphosphate solution.

Abstract: A photosensitive material in the form of a silver and chlorine-containing polyphosphate which exhibits permanent visible darkening on exposure to ultraviolet or short wavelength visible light, is described.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for making a finely dispersed, sparingly soluble salt of an oxyacid of phosphorus, having a maximum particle size of 20 .mu.m, by reacting a compound of a divalent metal with the oxyacid of phosphorus or an alkali metal or ammonium salt thereof. More particularly, finely dispersed salt consisting to an extent of at least 90% of particles with a size between 0.05 and 7 .mu.m is made. To this end, an at least 5% by weight aqueous solution or suspension of a compound of a divalent metal selected from the group Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Mn, Zn, Cu, Cd, Pb, Sn, Co and Ni is reacted, while maintaining a pH range of between 3 and 9 and while stirring, with an at least 2 mol % solution of at least one trivalent metal selected from the group Al, Fe and Cr in the oxyacid of phosphorus and, optionally, with an aqueous solution of an alkali metal or ammonium salt of the oxyacid of phosphorus, and the precipitated salt is separated off and dried.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for condensing solid materials such as phosphates which tend to sinter and adhere when heated in a reactor wherein the reactants are introduced into a trough-like reactor provided with at least one set of rotatable agitating paddles. Heat is supplied to the reactor by passing a heating medium, such as a molten salt or a molten metal, through one or more heating jackets on the exterior of the reactor housing. The agitating paddles press the solid material in a thin layer against the wall of the reactor housing, and the material in the layer absorbs heat from the heating medium and sinters to a hard layer. One paddle of each set of paddles is provided with a stripping knife which moves along a path closely adjacent to the exterior wall of the reaction chamber to strip sintered material from the wall of the reactor housing. Heat is also transferred to the interior of the reactor housing by circulating the peeled material through the interior region of the reactor housing.