Abstract: A process for preparing high absorptivity granular sodium phosphate mixtures made of sodium tripolyphosphate, pyrophosphates, metaphosphates and orthophosphates by hydrating and dehydrating a mixture comprising sodium tripolyphosphate in major proportion, and recovering the high absorptivity granular sodium phosphate mixture.

Abstract: Aluminum phosphate compositions are provided which are characterized simultaneously by high porosity and phosphorous-to-aluminum ratios of approximately 1.0. The high porosity of these compositions is a function of high pore volume coupled with low surface area, resulting in high average pore diameter. These materials have excellent properties as catalysts and catalyst supports. Methods of making the compositions are also provided.

Abstract: The invention provides metal-phosphorus-nitrogen polymer compounds and methods for their preparation at low temperatures using readily available starting materials. One group of compounds, metal-phosphazene polymers, are comprised of repeating units of [PN].sub.3 rings linked to form polymers through P--X--M--X--P bonds. The linking atoms X are either NH.sub.2 or O, and M is a metal cation. Another group of the compounds have the generic formula M.sub.a (P.sub.2 O.sub.5).sub.b (NH.sub.3).sub.c O.sub.d.eH.sub.2 O. If the metal-phosphorus-nitrogen polymers are heated to a sufficiently high temperature to reduce the nitrogen/phosphorus ratio, additional novel solid metal phosphorus compounds of the invention are formed, many of which have a foamed, porous structure. The properties of the compounds of the invention can be varied by choice of metal and reaction conditions to create materials having useful conductive, magnetic, optical, catalytic, or ion-exchange properties.

Abstract: A composition for forming a calcium phosphate type setting material comprising(1) powder comprising at least one of .alpha.-tricalcium phosphate and tetracalcium phosphate; and(2) a setting solution comprising an aqueous acidic solution having dissolved therein at least one polysaccharide selected from the group consisting of carboxymethyl chitin, glycol chitin, pullulan, high methoxy-pectin and chitosan in such an amount that the setting solution has a viscosity of 70 cp or more, anda process for producing a calcium phosphate type setting material using such a composition.

Abstract: To prepare essentially water-insoluble, long-chain ammonium polyphosphate, in a first stage, ammonium orthophosphate and phosphorus pentoxide are reacted in the presence of gaseous ammonia in a reactor equipped in its interior with mixing, kneading and comminution apparatus, until the drive motor of the reactor passes through the second current peak in its current consumption/time diagram. In a second stage, the material discharged from the reactor is then fed to a disk dryer, the heating disks of which are maintained at temperatures of 240.degree. to 300.degree. C., whereas its lower cooling disk has temperatures of 5.degree. to 45.degree. C. The material, which covers the disks of the disk dryer at a layer thickness of 5 to 20 mm, has a residence time of 35 to 70 minutes in the disk dryer, while ammonia-containing gas is continuously passed through the disk dryer.

Abstract: Olefin polymerization catalysts and processes for preparing and using the catalysts are provided. The catalysts are prepared by forming a particulate gel containing aluminum and magnesium phosphates, calcining the gel and then contacting the calcined gel with a titanium halide and, optionally, an organomagnesium compound.

Abstract: A process for preparing aluminophosphate compounds (and substituted derivatives) of the structural type VFI. This preparation process is characterized in that the speed of increase in temperature of the reaction mixture is greater than 250.degree. C./hour, the total time of heating of the reaction mixture, including the rise in temperature and the plateau heating, being less than one hour. The temperature of the plateau heating is between 100.degree. and 200.degree. C.The synthetic compounds in accordance with the invention possess(a) a general formula approximating to the following:1 Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 0.75-1.25 P.sub.2 O.sub.5 0-0.5 XO.sub.n/2 0-0.05 R y H.sub.2 OwhereX represents a heteroatom chosen from the group consisting of silicon, cobalt, magnesium and zinc;n is the degree of oxidation of the heteroatom X;y, the number of water molecules contained in the said compound, is greater than 0.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of removing fluoride and sulfate ions from an aqueous stream by adding calcium chloride and a source of phosphate ion to the stream to form a first precipitate of calcium sulfate and a compound of calcium, fluoride, and phosphate. The precipitate is separated from the aqueous stream and a source of carbonate ion is added to the stream to form a second precipitate which contains fluoride and calcium. The second precipitate is then separated from the aqueous stream.

Abstract: Finely divided particles of II type ammonium polyphosphate (APP) which, when added to polyolefin resins, etc., afford products having a small reduction in the mechanical characteristics, a reduced particle diameter and an increased specific surface area and nevertheless, having bleed resistance and flame retardancy similar to those of conventional products, and a process for producing the particles are provided,the particles being characterized in that 80% by weight or more thereof have a particle diameter of 10 .mu.m or less and 5% aqueous solution thereof dissolved in 80.degree. C. water has 500 cps or more, and the process being a process for producing the particles by reacting ammonium phosphate with P.sub.2 O.sub.5, each in a nearly equimolar quantity, in a NH.sub.3 gas atmosphere and at an elevated temperature, comprisinga first reaction step carried out in N.sub.2 gas atmosphere without feeding NH.sub.3 gas, a second reaction step of instantaneously feeding NH.sub.3 gas or a NH.sub.

Abstract: An apparatus for the preparation of alkali metal monofluorophosphates is disclosed. The apparatus includes a melting crucible of a platinum/rhodium alloy, devices for feeding the alkali metal fluoride and alkali metal metaphosphate or alkali metal polyphosphate raw materials into the upper part of the crucible, an outflow orifice for molten alkali metal fluorophosphate in the bottom of the crucible, a corresponding discharge orifice in the furnace, and a cooling arrangement, wherein a direct voltage is applied between the cooling arrangement and the melting crucible which is connected as the anode.

Abstract: Novel compositions are provided for the production of hydroxyapatite, where a dry mixture is provided which combines a calcium source and an acidic phosphate source, particularly monocalcium phosphate monohydrate or orthophosphoric acid crystals. These two are combined, optionally with other ingredients, with mechanical mixing, resulting in partial reaction or intimate combination to produce a product which requires less water for formation of a desired viscosity, has enhanced mechanical properties and is physiologically acceptable.

Abstract: Improved ceramics which promote bone ingrowth are disclosed. The coating of the present invention consists essentially of oxyhydroxyapatite, and alpha- and beta-tricalcium phosphate. Methods of making and using the ceramics are also disclosed. The present invention uses a microscopically powdered form of calcium-phosphate materials and electrophoretic deposition to create ceramics having significantly higher dissolution rates than previous materials. By agitating the electrophoretic solution, agglomeration is prevented and a uniform coating is achieved. Thus, the present invention presents both improved ceramic materials and novel methods of depositing them uniformly upon metal surfaces, such as titanium wire mesh.

Abstract: For producing substantially water-insoluble, chain-type ammonium polyphosphate, equimolar quantities of diammonium phosphate and phosphorus pentoxide are reacted at temperatures from 170.degree. to 350.degree. C. in a zone, which effects continuous mixing, kneading and comminution, in the presence of a stream of ammonia gas. In this process, the water is separated from the ammonia gas which leaves the zone and contains water vapor, and the dried ammonia gas is caused to flow again through the zone.A plant for producing substantially water-insoluble, chain-type ammonium polyphosphate can comprise a reactor (1) into which an ammonia feed pipe (8) and pipes for feeding phosphorus pentoxide (6) and diammonium phosphate (7) lead and from which an ammonium polyphosphate discharge pipe (9) and an exit gas pipe (10) start. The exit gas pipe (10) leads into a condenser (13) which is flow-connected via a pump (14) to a heat exchanger (15).

Abstract: The present invention provides anticorrosive pigments on the basis of tertiary alkaline-earth aluminum phosphates, particularly those where the numerical atomic ratio x:y:z of formula AE.sub.x Al.sub.y (PO.sub.4).sub.z of alkaline earth to aluminum to phosphorus or phosphate is 50-70% to 5-30% to 20-50%. It also provides a process for their production in which an alkaline-earth compound and aluminum compound sufficiently soluble with phosphoric acid are reacted with phosphoric acid, the precipitated pigment is filtered off as usual and dried, optionally calcined and optionally ground.

Abstract: A plant for producing chain-type ammonium polyphosphate from ammonium orthophosphate and phosphorus pentoxide in the presence of gaseous ammonia comprises a reactor having rotatable mixing, kneading and comminuting tools in its interior and a feed pipe for the solid starting materials, an introduction pipe for ammonia, a gas discharge pipe and a discharge line for the reaction product, all of which are flow-connected to the interior of the reactor. The discharge line of the reactor is also connected for material flow to a mixing apparatus. A discharge device, which is controlled by the power consumption of the drive motor of the reactor, is arranged in the discharge line.

Abstract: Novel molecular sieves are disclosed which are oxides of (a) an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal and/or ammonium, (b) beryllium, cobalt and/or zinc, and (c) phosphorous, arsenic and/or vanadium, and optionally contain water. These zeolite-like materials, which contain little or no aluminum or silicon, can be made by a novel low temperature process. The molecular sieves are useful as ion exchange resins.

Abstract: To prepare essentially water-insoluble, chain-form ammonium polyphosphate from equimolar amounts of di- ammonium phosphate and phosphorus pentoxide in the presence of ammonia at temperatures of from 170.degree. to 350.degree. C. with constant mixing, kneading and comminution, at least some of the diammonium phosphate and phosphorus pentoxide is replaced by partially ammoniated polyphosphoric acid.A plant for carrying out this process can comprise a sealed reactor (1) which is provided with metering devices (2, 3) and feed tubes (4, 5) for phosphorus pentoxide and diammonium orthophosphate, an ammonia feed tube (8), an ammonium polyphosphate discharge tube (9) and a line for offgas. Rotatable mixing, kneading and comminution elements are provided inside the reactor (1).

Abstract: Calcium phosphate minerals are formed by using phosphoric acid source substantially free of uncombined water in conjunction with a calcium source, normally as any combination of carbonate, phosphate and hydroxide, and, as required, any additional base to neutralize the phosphoric acid. Protein may be optionally added. The resulting product is readily formed and then sets to a hard, stable, workable shaped object.

Abstract: This invention relates to zinc phosphate molecular sieves. These molecular sieves have a three-dimenisonal microporous framework structure of ZnO.sub.2 and PO.sub.2 tetrahedral units, an intracrystalline pore system and an empirical chemical composition on an anhydrous basis expressed as ratio of the oxides by the formula: rM.sub.2 O:sZnO:P.sub.2 O.sub.5, where M is at least one alkali metal, r ranges from about 0.9 to about 1.5 and s ranges from about 1.8 to about 3.0. These molecular sieves may be prepared by hydrothermal crystallization of a reaction mixture prepared by combining a reactive source of phosphorus, zinc, at least one alkali metal and water. This invention also relates to processes using these molecular sieves.

Abstract: Crystalline metalloaluminophosphate compositions having pore windows formed by 18 tetrahedral members are prepared from a forming mixture containing sources of aluminum, phosphorus and a non-aluminum, non-phosphorus element, e.g. boron or boron and silicon. The forming mixture further contains a directing agent comprising a mixture of quaternary nitrogen compound and amine in a molar ratio of 0.01 to 0.025.

Abstract: A class of new oxide structures containing octahedral molybdenum and tetrahedral phosphorous has been generated using hydrothermal techniques. These materials are produced by the reaction of a molybdenum oxide source with phosphate and any one, or combination of organic cation/alkali-metal cation/organic amine as a templating/mineralizing agent. A reducing agent is necessary to convert the Mo(VI) to a lower valent form and can be either added to the reaction mixture or is provided in the form of one of the reactants.

Abstract: Potassium phosphate useful as a low-chloride content fertilizer is prepared by reacting phosphoric acid, commercial or technical grade, with fertilizer-grade potassium chloride (Muriate of Potash, 60-63% K.sub.2 O) at a reaction temperature of about 130.degree. C. and a mole ratio of phosphorus to potassium of at least about 1.3:1. The vaporization of hydrogen chloride from the reaction mixture is effected by a novel technique combining air followed by steam stripping. The reaction product is used to produce various types as well as grades of fertilizers. The procedure may be used to form sodium phosphate in analogous manner from sodium chloride, which then may be converted to trisodium phosphate or sodium tripolyphosphate. The potassium phosphate may be converted to potassium pyrophosphate by neutralization with potassium hydroxide followed by calcination.

Abstract: Crystalline aluminophosphate compositions having pore windows formed by 18 tetrahedral members are prepared from a forming mixture containing sources of aluminum, phosphorus and optionally, silicon. The forming mixture further contains a directing agent comprising a mixture of quaternary nitrogen compound and amine in a molar ratio of 0.01 to 0.025. The resulting product exhibits greater stability than compositions made from amine directing agent.

Abstract: This invention relates to a new crystalline composition MCM-40, to a method for synthesizing said crystalline composition using diaminocyclohexane as a directing agent and to use of said crystalline composition as a catalyst component for organic compound, e.g. hydrocarbon compound, conversion.

Abstract: This invention relates to a new synthetic composition of ultra-large pore crystalline material and use thereof as sorbent and in catalytic conversion of organic and inorganic compounds. The new crystalline material exhibits unusually large sorption capacity demonstrated by its benzene adsorption capacity of greater than about 15 grams benzene/100 grams at 50 torr and 25.degree. C., a hexagonal electron diffraction pattern that can be indexed with a d.sub.100 value greater than about 18 Angstrom Units and a hexagonal arrangement of uniformly sized pores with a maximum perpendicular cross section of at least about 13 Angstrom units.

Abstract: This invention relates to a novel synthetic crystalline molecular sieve composition, MCM-37, which may contain framework +3 valence element, e.g. aluminum, and +5 valence element, e.g. phosphorus or with an addition +4 valence element, e.g. silicon, and to use thereof as a support and in catalytic conversion of organic compounds. The crystalline composition of this invention can easily be converted to catalytically active material.

Abstract: Provided is a process for producing hydroxylapatite suitable for chromatographic separation of biopolymers. The process comprises allowing hexagonal prismatic or acicular monetite to react with potassium hydroxide and/or lithium hydroxide under heating.

Abstract: Layered divalent metal pentavalent metallate, M(HAO.sub.4).sub.x (RAO.sub.3).sub.y (Z).sub.z wherein M is divalent metal, A is a pentavalent metal, e.g. phosphorus, R is a substituent group other than H or OH, e.g., phenyl, covalently bonded to A, x+y=1, y is greater than 0, z ranges from 0 to 2, inclusive, and Z is an intercalated moiety is prepared by contacting a source of divalent metal with a substituted phosphonic acid-type compound under hydrothermal conditions.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved method for synthesizing a new synthetic composition of ultra-large pore crystalline material which can be used as a sorbent or catalyst component for conversion of organic and inorganic compounds. The crystalline material product of this method exhibits unusually large sorption capacity demonstrated by its benzene adsorption capacity of greater than about 15 grams benzene/100 grams at 50 torr and 25.degree. C., and an arrangement of uniformly sized pores with a maximum perpendicular cross section of at least about 13 Angstrom units.

Abstract: Novel compositions are provided for the production of hydroxyapatite, where a dry mixture is provided which combines a calcium source and an acidic phosphate source, particularly monocalcium phosphate monohydrate or orthophosphoric acid crystals. These two are combined, optionally with other ingredients, with mechanical mixing, resulting in partial reaction or intimate combination to produce a product which requires less water for formation of a desired viscosity, has enhanced mechanical properties and is physilogically acceptable.

Abstract: Crystalline aluminophosphates and related compounds having in the as-synthesized anhydrous form the chemical composition: m'R(X.sub.n Al.sub.q P.sub.x)O.sub.2, wherein R represents 1,3-diaminopropane, X represents one or more elements which can be substituted for Al and/or P, whereinm'=0.01-0.33n=0-0.40q=0.30-0.60x=0.30-0.60and wherein n+q+x=1 and having an X-ray diffraction pattern containing at least the lines as given in Table A or B.The compounds can be prepared from a forming solution or gel comprising a source of aluminum, a source of phosphorus, 1,3-diaminopropane and optionally a source of at least one component X, wherein the appropriate forming components are initially present in certain molar ratios and which mixture is kept at elevated temperature for a period of time sufficient to produce a crystalline aluminophosphate or related compounds.

Abstract: Crystalline aluminophosphates and related compounds having in the as-synthesized anhydrous form the chemical composition:m'R(X.sub.n Al.sub.q P.sub.x)O.sub.2, wherein R represents ethylenediamine, X represents one or more elements which can be substituted for Al and/or P, whereinm'=0.01-0.33n=0-0.50q=0.30-0.60x=0.30-0.60and wherein n+q+x=1.The compounds can be prepared from a forming solution or gel comprising a source of aluminum, a source of phosphorus, ethylenediamine and optionally a source of at least one component X, which mixture is kept at elevated temperature for a period of time sufficient to produce a crystalline aluminophosphate or related compound followed by separating off the crystalline product obtained and drying, and which may subsequently be calcined.

Abstract: Calcium phosphate minerals are formed by using phosphoric acid substantially free of uncombined water in conjunction with a calcium source, normally as any combination of carbonate, phosphate and hydroxide, and, as required, any additional base to neutralize the phosphoric acid. Protein may be optionally added. The resulting product is readily formed and then sets to a hard, stable, workable shaped object.

Abstract: A method of producing medium density granular sodium phosphates by agglomerating STP fines with mineral acids, drying the agglomerated fines and screening to recover the dry agglomerated fines.

Abstract: Crystalline aluminophosphates and related compounds having in the as-synthesized anhydrous form the chemical composition: m.sup.1 R(Al.sub.q P.sub.x)O.sub.2, wherein R represents ethylenediamine, whereinm.sup.1 =0.01-0.33q=0.30-0.60x=0.30-0.60and wherein q+x=1 and which have a distinct X-ray diffraction pattern.The compounds can be prepared from a forming solution or gel comprising a source of aluminum, a source of phosphorus, a source of ethylenediamine and optionally a source of at least one component X, wherein the appropriate forming components are initially present in specific molar ratios and which mixture is kept at elevated temperature for a period of time sufficient to produce a crystalline aluminophosphate or related compound followed by separating off the crystalline product obtained and drying, and which may subsequently be calcined.

Abstract: A process for producing essentially water-insoluble, chain-type ammonium polyphosphates of the general formula (NH.sub.4 PO.sub.3).sub.n, in which n is a number from 10 to 1,000, whose 20% by weight aqueous suspension prepared at 60.degree. C. has a viscosity of less than 100 mPa.s at 20.degree. C., is indicated, which comprises allowing a reaction mixture of ammonium orthophosphate and phosphorus pentoxide to react fully at a high mixing intensity in a crumbly phase at a temperature from 100.degree. to 300.degree. C. over a period of from 10 to 60 minutes and then heat-treating the reaction material in a known manner over a period of from 50 to 200 minutes at a temperature from 200.degree. to 300.degree. C. under an ammonia atmosphere.Advantageously, the reaction is carried out in a kneader.

Abstract: Crystalline aluminophosphates and related compounds having in the as-synthesized anhydrous form the chemical composition: m'R(X.sub.n Al.sub.q P.sub.x)O.sub.2, wherein R is derived from a 2,2'-bipyridyl moiety, X represents one or more elements which can be substituted for Al and/or P, whereinm'=0.01-0.33n=0-0.40q=0.30-0.60x=0.30-0.60and wherein n+q+x=1.

Abstract: A concentrated aqueous alkali metal polyphosphate solution is prepared by adding polyphosphoric acid having a P.sub.2 O.sub.5 assay of about 82% to about 85% to a quantity of concentrated aqueous alkali metal hydroxide sufficient to neutralize the acid. The resulting polyphosphate solution is richer in pyrophosphate and tripolyphosphate moieties than the acid.

Abstract: Phosphates, e.g., the polyphosphates and halophosphates, are prepared in high purity by melt thermocondensing corresponding precursors thereof, e.g., salts of orthophosphoric, pyrophosphoric or metaphosphoric acid, via electromagnetic induction heating, for example in an auto-crucible furnace.

Abstract: Aluminum phosphate compositions are provided which are characterized simultaneously by high porosity and phosphorous-to-aluminum ratios of approximately 1.0. The high porosity of these compositions is a function of high pore volume coupled with low surface area, resulting in high average pore diameter. These materials have excellent properties as catalysts and catalyst supports.

Abstract: The pigment comprises a mixture of crystalline phase and an amorphous phase in which the crystalline phase represents from 10 to 70 wt % of the mixture and is constituted by zinc phosphate in the form of substantially spheroidal particles having a maximum size of between 0.5 to 5 microns and the amorphous phase represents from 30 to 90 wt % and comprises ferric phosphate and ferrous phosphate in a mole ratio lying between 1:001 and 1:03.The process comprises a reaction giving ferrous phosphate, partial oxidation thereof and association with zinc phosphate.

Abstract: A process for producing a crystalline oxide of vanadium-phosphorus system, which comprises hydrothermally treating an aqueous medium containing (1) a tetravalent vanadium compound, (2) a pentavalent phosphorus compound, (3) a coordinate compound having at least two ligand atoms selected from the group consisting of oxygen atoms and nitrogen atoms and (4) a compound of at least one metal element selected from the group consisting of iron, nickel, cobalt and chromium, to form a crystalline oxide of vanadium-phosphorus system having an X-ray diffraction pattern shown in Table A:TABLE A ______________________________________ X-ray diffraction peaks (Anticathode: Cu-K.alpha.) 2.theta. (.+-. 0.2.degree.) ______________________________________ 15.6.degree. 19.7.degree. 24.3.degree. 27.2.degree. 28.8.degree. 30.5.degree. 33.8.degree.

Abstract: Aluminophosphate-based molecular sieve compositions having the crystal structure of AlPO.sub.4 -54 are stabilized against framework collapse or conversion to other crystal structures by treatment in their hydrated state with boric acid or salts thereof. The stabiized products are characterized, in addition to their essential AlPO.sub.4 -54 structure, by the presence of at least 6 ppm of extraneous boron.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process from producing granular sodium tripolyphosphate of predetermined particle size by means of calcining sodium orthophosphate dried from water solution and milled to a predetermined particle size. The tripolyphosphate is produced having approximately the same particle size distribution as the orthophosphate feed. Moisturizing the feed prior to calcining increases the assay of the product.

Abstract: A process for treating crystalline aluminophosphates to provide aluminophosphates having modified catalytic properties. The crystalline aluminophosphates are contacted with a halogen-derived compound at an effective temperature and for an effective time to alter the surface characteristics of the aluminophosphates with resulting modification of catalytic properties.

Abstract: Process for producing granular tetrasodium pyrophosphate having a bulk density of about 0.73 to about 0.84 g/ml and a dissolving time of about three minutes or less by heating crystalline disodium orthophosphate dihydrate at a slow heating rate, not over about 5.degree. C. per minute, until its temperature reaches about 130.degree. C. and then calcining it at about 350.degree. C. to about 550.degree. C. until it is converted to tetrasodium pyrophosphate.

Abstract: Layered divalent metal pentavalent metallate, M(HAO.sub.4).sub.x (RAO.sub.3).sub.y (Z).sub.z wherein M is divalent metal, A is a pentavalent metal, e.g. phosphorus, R is a substituent group other than H or OH, e.g., phenyl, covalently bonded to A, x+y=1, y is greater than O, z ranges from 0 to 2, inclusive, and Z is an intercalated moiety is prepared by contacting a source of divalent metal with a substituted phosphonic acid-type compound under hydrothermal conditions.

Abstract: A method of forming amidophosphates comprising reacting a pyrophosphate ion, such as generated from pyrophosphate salts, and sulfamides, in an aqueous solution or suspension. An example of such a reaction is the reaction of tetrasodium pyrophosphate and sulfamide in water to form sodium amidodiphosphate.

Abstract: In order to prevent crystal seeds with retrograde solubility from dissolving in the hydrothermal growing solution at the beginning of the growing process, and to protect the finished crystal at the end of the growing process, and in order to reach the thermodynamic growth equilibrium as soon as possible, the proposal is put forward that the growing solution be prepared, pre-saturated and pre-heated to a temperature close to saturation temperature outside of the growing tank, and that, for the growing process proper, the hot growing solution be added to the pre-heated growing tank provided with crystal seeds, where it should be further heated to a temperature at which the crystals start growing, and, further, that the hot growing solution be quickly removed from the growing tank as soon as the growing process has been completed.

Abstract: A method of forming condensed phosphates comprising reacting phosphate ions, such as generated from polyphosphate salts, and sulfamides, in an aqueous solution or suspension. An example of such a reaction is the reaction of tetrasodium tripolyphosphate and sulfamide in water to form sodium trimetaphosphate.