Abstract: A glass molding die and renewing method thereof. The molding die for molding glass includes a substrate, a first noble metal layer overlying the substrate, a second noble metal layer overlying the first noble metal layer, a carbon-containing third noble metal layer overlying the second noble metal layer, and a DLC passivation film overlying the third noble metal layer. In addition, the carbon-containing third noble metal layer and the DLC passivation film can be easily renewed.

Abstract: A product resistant or immune to carburization, metal dusting, coking, oxidation, and having sufficient mechanical strength for use at temperatures greater than 400° C. The product consists of a load-bearing member and a corrosion resistant member, wherein the corrosion resistant member is a Cu—Al-alloy comprising Si. The product can be used in CO-containing atmospheres, and/or hydrocarbon containing atmospheres or solid carbon containing processes. A method of resisting carburization, metal dusting, coking and oxidation is also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for preparing a thin film having alternating monolayers of a metal-metal bonded complex monolayer and an organic monolayer by layer-by-layer growth. The process comprises the steps of: (1) applying onto a surface of a substrate a first linker compound to produce a primer layer; (2) applying onto said primer layer a layer of a metal-metal bonded complex to produce a metal-metal bonded complex monolayer on said primer layer; (3) applying onto said metal-metal bonded complex monolayer a second linker compound; and optionally (4) sequentially repeating steps (2) and (3) at least once to produce said layer-by-layer grown thin film having alternating monolayers of a metal-metal bonded complex monolayer and an organic monolayer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composite gas separation module and to methods for fabricating a composite gas separation module. The present invention also relates to methods for selectively separating hydrogen gas from a hydrogen gas-containing gaseous stream. In one embodiment, the composite gas separation module includes a porous metal substrate; an intermediate porous metal layer, wherein the intermediate porous metal layer overlies the porous metal substrate; and a dense hydrogen-selective membrane, wherein the dense hydrogen-selective membrane overlies the intermediate porous metal layer. The intermediate porous metal layer can include palladium and a Group IB metal. For example, the intermediate porous metal layer can contain alternating layers of palladium and a Group IB metal.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method of manufacturing a package substrate with a fine circuit pattern using anodic oxidation. By anodizing a metal core which is opened through a masking process, oxidation layers are formed in open areas of the metal core to insulate portions of circuit pattern from each other. Further, by electroplating portions provided between the oxidation layers with copper or filling conductive paste between the oxidation layers using a screen, a package substrate having a fine circuit pattern is achieved.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of patterning metallic building elements, and also to a metallic building element, where the measuring accuracy achieved can lie in the sub-micrometer range. Starting from a silicon master or original that can be etched to sub-micrometer precision and then plated with a metal, such as nickel (3), on the silicon surface, there can be produced a nickel shim where precision and surface fineness can lie in the sub-micrometer range. Subsequent to removal of the silicon master, a photo-sensitive material (5) can be used in liquid form or in film form to create mould cavities (9) that reach down to the nickel shim. These cavities can then be metal-plated to provide a building element (8) of higher precision in three dimensions.

Abstract: A battery container having an inner surface provided with a nickel-phosphorous alloy layer, optionally provided with a nickel-cobalt alloy layer as the lower layer thereof. The outer surface of the battery container is preferably provided with a nickel-cobalt alloy layer. Batteries made using the battery containers of the present invention have excellent performance.

Abstract: Disclosed is a heat-resistant Ti alloy material excellent in high-temperature corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance, which comprises a base made of a heat-resistant Ti alloy and a surface layer formed on the surface of the base. The surface layer has a multilayer structure including an inner layer and an outer layer. The inner layer has three coexistent phases consisting of a ? phase, a ? phase and a Laves phase in the phase diagram of a Ti—Al—Cr based alloy, and the outer layer is made of an Al—Ti—Cr based alloy having an Al concentration of 50 atomic % or more.

Abstract: The present invention provides coating systems that minimize thermal and residual stresses to create a fatigue- and soldering-resistant coating for aluminum die casting dies. The coating systems include at least three layers. The outer layer is an alumina- or boro-carbide-based outer layer that has superior non-wettability characteristics with molten aluminum coupled with oxidation and wear resistance. A functionally-graded intermediate layer or “interlayer” enhances the erosive wear, toughness, and corrosion resistance of the die. A thin adhesion layer of reactive metal is used between the die substrate and the interlayer to increase adhesion of the coating system to the die surface.

Abstract: A method for applying a coating system that is applied to a surface of a component for preventing or at least substantially preventing interdiffusion between the component surface and a protective thermal layer applied to the component surface when the thermal layer is exposed to elevated temperatures. The method includes applying a carrier layer containing aluminum to the component surface. Next, the layer is heated to a first predetermined temperature for a first predetermined period of time in the substantial absence of oxygen to bond the aluminum with the component surface, the heat dissolving the carrier portion of the aluminum layer. The remaining portion of the aluminum layer is then heated to a second predetermined temperature for a second predetermined period of time to form an oxidized aluminum layer. Finally, at least one protective thermal layer is applied over the oxidized aluminum layer.

Abstract: According to an embodiment of the invention, a method for repairing a coated high pressure turbine blade, which has been exposed to engine operation, to restore coated airfoil contour dimensions of the blade, and improve upon the prior bond coat is disclosed. The method comprises providing an engine run high pressure turbine blade including a base metal substrate made of a nickel-based alloy and having thereon a thermal barrier coating system. The thermal barrier coating system comprises a diffusion bond coat on the base metal substrate and a top ceramic thermal barrier coating comprising a yttria stabilized zirconia material. The top ceramic thermal barrier coating has a nominal thickness t. The method further comprises removing the thermal barrier coating system, wherein a portion of the base metal substrate also is removed, and determining the thickness of the base metal substrate removed. The portion of the base metal substrate removed has a thickness, ?t.

Abstract: A nickel-base superalloy substrate includes a surface region having an integrated aluminum content of from about 18 to about 24 percent by weight and an integrated platinum content of from about 18 to about 45 percent by weight, with the balance components of the substrate. The substrate is preferably a single-crystal advanced superalloy selected for use at high temperatures. The substrate may optionally have a ceramic layer deposited over the platinum-aluminide region, to produce a thermal barrier coating system. The platinum-aluminide region is produced by diffusing platinum into the substrate surface, and thereafter diffusing aluminum into the substrate surface.

Abstract: According to an embodiment of the invention, a method for repairing a coated high pressure turbine blade, which has been exposed to engine operation, to restore coated airfoil contour dimensions of the blade, is disclosed. The method comprises providing an engine run high pressure turbine blade including a base metal substrate made of a nickel-based alloy and having thereon a thermal barrier coating system. The thermal barrier coating system comprises a diffusion bond coat on the base metal substrate and a top ceramic thermal barrier coating comprising a yttria stabilized zirconia material. The top ceramic thermal barrier coating has a nominal thickness t. The method further comprises removing the thermal barrier coating system, wherein a portion of the base metal substrate also is removed, and determining the thickness of the base metal substrate removed. The portion of the base metal substrate removed has a thickness, ?t.

Abstract: Coatings containing particulate metal alloy are disclosed. The coatings provide corrosion protection to a substrate, such as a metal substrate. The coatings contain zinc-metal-containing alloy in flake form, most particularly an alloy flake of zinc and aluminum. The coating can be from compositions that are water-based or solvent-based. The compositions for providing the coating may also contain a substituent such as a water-reducible organofunctional silane, or a hexavalent-chromium-providing substance, or a titanate polymer, or a silica substance constituent. The coating may desirably be topcoated.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a process for producing a high-quality insulation for conductors or conductor bundles of electrical machines by means of spray-sintering. Unlike in the prior art, it is possible to apply internal corona-discharge protection, insulation and external corona-discharge protection to conductors or conductor bundles in which, on account of a very low level of defects in the insulation and its inherent resistance to partial discharges, it is possible to dispense with the use of winding processes using glass/mica tapes. This eliminates the need to use complex special equipment and allows the throughput times to be shortened considerably.

Abstract: A hydrogen-permeable membrane includes a permeable layer which has a function of making hydrogen permeate therethrough, and a catalyst layer which acts as a catalyst for promoting permeation of the hydrogen in the permeable layer. An area of the catalyst layer which contacts gas is larger than an area of the permeable layer.

Abstract: A method for applying a bond coat on a metal-based substrate is described. A slurry which contains braze material and a volatile component is deposited on the substrate. The slurry can also include bond coat material. Alternatively, the bond coat material can be applied afterward, in solid form or in the form of a second slurry. The slurry and bond coat are then dried and fused to the substrate. A repair technique using this slurry is also described, along with related compositions and articles.

Abstract: Laminated magnetic recording medium with two Co-containing layers separated by a non-magnetic Ru-containing interlayer is stabilized by Ru-containing layer between the recording layers and Co-containing stabilization layers through anti-ferromagnetic coupling. The insertion of Co layer beneath Ru spacer has resulted in increased coupling, and further coupling enhancement is achieved by low pressure process of Co and Ru layers.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method of depositing a nanocomposite coating of stainless steel and a metallic carbide or metallic nitride, e.g. chromium carbide or chromium nitride, onto a stainless steel substrate 10, including the steps of (a) providing the stainless steel substrate 10; (b) depositing stainless steel on the substrate 10; (c) depositing chromium carbide or chromium nitride on the substrate 10; and allowing a nanocomposite coating 14 of the stainless steel and chromium carbide or chromium nitride to form on the substrate 10.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method to coat an article using a plating process, either electroless or electrolytic, whereby nickel is plated on the article using a solution that includes a suspension of powders or containing one or more of the following elements: Ni, Cr, Al, Zr, Hf, Ti, Ta, Si, Ca, Fe, Y and Ga. Optionally, the coating is then heat treated at a temperature above about 1600° F. for an effective amount of time to allow to homogenize the coating by allowing effective interdiffusion between the species. The level of aluminum may be altered to produce a coating of the predominantly ? phase of the NiAl alloy composition. Optionally, a TBC layer is applied over the predominantly ? phase NiAl alloy composition metallic bond coat.

Abstract: A cutting tool having a hard tip is pressed with a uniform pressure against a surface of a vehicle wheel as the wheel is rotated to smooth and seal the surface. The smoothed and sealed wheel surface is then chrome plated with a process that includes applying a nickel layer directly upon smoothed and sealed wheel surface and a chromium layer over the nickel layer.

Abstract: A coated article, a coating for protecting an article, and a method for protecting an article are provided. The article comprises a metallic substrate and a substantially single-phase coating disposed on the substrate, wherein the coating comprises nickel (Ni) and at least about 30 atomic percent aluminum (Al); the coating further comprises a gradient in Al composition, the gradient extending from a first Al concentration level at an outer surface of the coating to a second Al concentration level at an interface between the substantially single-phase coating and the substrate, wherein the first Al concentration level is greater than the second Al concentration level and the second concentration level is at least about 30 atomic percent Al.

Abstract: A method for plating a titanium-containing metal, comprising the steps of: (a) surface treating the titanium-containing metal in a solution consisting essentially of an aqueous solvent and hydrochloric acid for a period of time sufficient to activate the surface of the titanium-containing metal; (b) plating the surface of the surface treated titanium-containing metal with a metallic coating in an electrolyte bath; and (c) non-oxidatively heat treating the plated titanium-containing metal for a period of time sufficient to cause diffusion bonding between the metallic coating and the titanium-containing metal. The present invention also provides parts made in accordance with the methods disclosed herein.

Abstract: A method for surface treating a titanium-containing metal, comprising the steps of: (a) treating at least a portion of a surface of the titanium-containing metal with an anodic activation in an electrolyte bath; and (b) strike plating at least a portion of the surface of the treated titanium-containing metal with a metallic coating in the same electrolyte bath as in step (a), wherein the titanium-containing metal remains submerged in the electrolyte bath during steps (a) and (b).

Abstract: The present invention provides a plastics-covered metal plate excellent in chipping resistance, corrosion resistance etc. made by covering one surface or both surfaces of a metal plate with at least two kinds of plastics layers whose rates of elongation are different and a process of covering a car body by using said covered metal plate.

Abstract: The process for coating a substrate with a coating giving a polished effect and improved corrosion resistance and coatings produced from this process. The process includes the steps of applying an atomized metal layer onto the substrate and applying a corrosion inhibiting layer to the atomized metal layer.

Abstract: A low cost aluminide process for moderate temperature applications. A gas turbine engine component is cleaned and coated with a layer of metal, generally aluminum, containing paint. The metal containing paint layer is heated to a first temperature for a first period of time in an air environment to volatilize the solvents in the paint. The metal containing paint layer is heated to a second temperature for a second period of time in an oxygen-free atmosphere to volatilize the solvents in the paint. The now metal layer and component are heated to a third temperature for a third period of time to interdiffuse the metal and the metal of the component. The component and diffusion layer are then cooled to ambient temperature.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a component board which includes forming a first main-face-side Au plating layer on surfaces of main-face-side connection terminals and a first back-face-side Au plating layer on surfaces of back-face-side connection terminals of the component board; covering the first main-face-side Au plating layer with a protection layer; forming a second back-face-side Au plating layer on the first back-face-side Au plating layer; and removing the protection layer after completing the second Au plating step. Alternatively, the first back-face-side Au plating layer may be removed after completing the masking step. Displacement Au plating is used as the first and second Au plating.

Abstract: A low cost chromide and chromide/aluminide process for moderate temperature applications. A gas turbine engine component is cleaned and coated with a layer of metal, generally chromium or chromium and aluminum, containing paint. The metal containing paint layer is heated to a first temperature for a first period of time in an air environment to volatilize the solvents in the paint. The metal containing paint layer is heated to a second temperature for a second period of time in an oxygen-free atmosphere to volatilize the solvents in the paint. The now metal layer and component are heated to a third temperature for a third period of time to interdiffuse the metal and the metal of the component. The component and diffusion layer are then cooled to ambient temperature.

Abstract: A method for applying a coating system that is applied to a surface of a component for preventing or at least substantially preventing interdiffusion between the component surface and a protective thermal layer applied to the component surface when the thermal layer is exposed to elevated temperatures. The method includes applying a carrier layer containing aluminum to the component surface. Next, the layer is heated to a first predetermined temperature for a first predetermined period of time in the substantial absence of oxygen to bond the aluminum with the component surface, the heat dissolving the carrier portion of the aluminum layer. The remaining portion of the aluminum layer is then heated to a second predetermined temperature for a second predetermined period of time to form an oxidized aluminum layer. Finally, at least one protective thermal layer is applied over the oxidized aluminum layer.

Abstract: A method for applying a coating system that is applied to a surface of a component, such as a turbine nozzle, for preventing or at least substantially preventing interdiffusion between the component surface and a protective thermal layer applied to the component surface when the thermal layer is exposed to elevated temperatures. The method includes applying a carrier layer containing aluminum to the component surface. Next, the layer is heated to a first predetermined temperature for a first predetermined period of time in the substantial absence of oxygen to bond the aluminum with the component surface, the heat dissolving the carrier portion of the aluminum layer. The remaining portion of the aluminum layer is then heated to a second predetermined temperature for a second predetermined period of time to form an oxidized aluminum layer. Finally, at least one protective thermal layer is applied over the oxidized aluminum layer.

Abstract: A method for applying a highly porous alumina material that is useful in the hot section of a jet aircraft engine. In order to apply the porous alumina, an aluminum-based metal/alumina material known in the art is first placed onto an aircraft engine component substrate. The aluminum-based metal is then dissolved using a solution that will not affect the alumina or the underlying substrate. The alumina is then washed with deionized water and dried. The aircraft engine component may be first masked by applying a non-porous metal oxide material to the component or by oxidizing the surface of the component. The resulting alumina has a porosity in the range of about 20% to about 45%. The alumina has globular interconnected surface features in the range of about 0.5 ?m to about 20 ?m.

Abstract: A method for surface treatment of at least one electrically conducting substrate or a substrate that has been coated so as to be conducting (1) by means of a gas placed in the region of an electric discharge (2). The discharge region is restricted by at least two essentially opposite sides of the substrate surface to be treated (7). This process is especially suitable for treating band-shaped and continuously supplied substrates.

Abstract: A single-step heat treating and surface coating process is provided for steel self-piercing rivets for joining 5xxx and 6xxx aluminum panels. In this process, two coats of zinc and aluminum flakes in an inorganic binder are applied to the steel rivets. After each coating, the rivets are heated to set and cure the coats and to achieve the desired microstructure and hardness level for joining 5xxx and 6xxx aluminum panels. The coating curing step combines the heat treatment with surface coating into a single-step procedure.

Abstract: A method of placing a ceramic coating on an article of manufacture comprising a substrate formed of a nickel or cobalt-based superalloy, which includes the steps of placing a bonding layer on the substrate and placing an anchoring layer, which is chemically different from the bonding layer and comprises a nitride compound, on the bonding layer. The method further includes the step of placing the ceramic coating on the anchoring layer.

Abstract: A magnetoresistance effect film includes a substrate, a plurality of ferromagnetic particles disposed on the substrate, a nonmagnetic film deposited on the substrate and covering the plurality of ferromagnetic particles, and a pair of electrodes arranged on the nonmagnetic film, in which the resistance across the pair of electrodes is changed by applying a magnetic field. The magnetoresistance effect film is manufactured by vapor-depositing ferromagnetic particle starting material on a substrate at a temperature not exceeding 300° C., the starting material being vapor-deposited in an amount enough to cover the substrate surface to a thickness ranging from 0.5 to 15 nm, and, after formation of ferromagnetic particles on the substrate, vapor-depositing at a temperature not exceeding room temperature a nonmagnetic film over the ferromagnetic particles, the nonmagnetic film having a thickness ranging from 1 to 100 nm, and providing a pair of electrodes each at a predetermined position on the nonmagnetic film.

Abstract: A coated article having a high resistance to particle-impact damage has a substrate, and a layered coating overlying the substrate. The layered coating includes a substantially continuous quasicrystalline layer, and a substantially continuous ductile metallic layer in facing contact with the quasicrystalline layer. The coated article is preferably used in applications where it is subjected to particle-impact conditions.

Abstract: A work piece is mixed with Ni pieces having an average diameter of 1 mm and exhibiting catalytic activity to oxidation reaction of sodium phosphinate (NaH2PO2) added as a reducing agent in a plating bath containing the reducing agent and a Ni salt to form a Ni—P film on an electrode made of Cu, Ag or Ag—Pd by auto-catalytic electroless plating. Then, the work piece is dipped in a plating bath containing an Au salt to form an Au film on the surface of the Ni—P film by substitutional electroless plating. This method is capable of forming a desired plating film only on a desired portion at a low cost.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for coating and plating a non-conductive substrate, the substrate having a surface, comprising coating the surface with a binding solution composition, the binding solution composition comprising between approximately 30% by weight and approximately 70% by weight of a binding solution, between approximately 2% by weight and approximately 10% by weight of carbon black powder, between approximately 25% by weight and approximately 50% by weight of aluminum powder, cleaning the coated surface, and immersing the cleaned, coated surface into a plating bath, the plating bath comprising between approximately 5% by volume and approximately 20% by volume hydrofluoric acid, between approximately 4% by volume and approximately 6% by volume copper sulfate, and water.

Abstract: A method for enhancing the solderability of a metallic surface is disclosed where the metallic surface is plated with an immersion or electroless silver plate prior to soldering, after which immersion silver plate is treated with an alkaline polymer coating comprising aqueous vinyl polymers, aqueous acrylic polymers, anti-fungal agents and a benzotriazole or benzimidazole compound to produce a deposit that is resistant to electromigration and that provides an anti-tarnish and anti-corrosion coating on the surface.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a permanent magnet by the steps of preparing an admixture of magnetic material and binder material, the admixture material having a particle size of less than 325 mesh. Then heating a carrier gas to a temperature substantially below the melting point of either component of the admixture. The admixture is introduced into the carrier gas and the admixture is sprayed atop a ductile carrier. The admixture adheres to the carrier and forms a solid permanent magnet. An electric field is applied to the sprayed admixture to create a permanent magnetic moment.

Abstract: A die and a method for forming a die to produce optically varying effects in a light reflective surface. A design generally formed as a plurality of parallel grooves of varying widths and depths are engraved in a soft metal foil adhered to a substrate. A hard metal coating is formed on the engraved soft metal foil in a metal plating bath. The hard metal coating, removed from the soft metal foil provides a die formed as a mirror image of the grooves engraved in the soft metal foil. The die is used to deform a reflective surface such that the surface produces optically varying effects. A die formed in the same manner with further processing is used to both deform a reflective surface and hot stamp it to a substrate.

Abstract: A method is provided for the preparation of metal/porous substrate composite membranes by flowing a solution of metal to be plated over a first surface of a porous substrate and concurrently applying a pressure of gas on a second surface of the porous substrate, such that the porous substrate separates the solution of metal from the gas, and the use of the resulting membrane for the production of highly purified hydrogen gas.

Abstract: A method of providing a protective, corrosion-resistant thin coating of a MCrX alloy on a carbon or low-alloy steel pipe or tube where M is one of nickel, cobalt or iron or combination thereof and X is one of molybdenum, silicon, tungsten or combination thereof, and heat treating the coating to metallurgically bond the coating onto a steel substrate of the pipe or tube. The coating may be deposited in one or two layers by plasma transferred arc deposition or may be deposited as a slurry coating or thermal spray coating with sintering of the coating. The steel substrate is prepared for coating by at least one of boring, honing, bright finishing, grit blasting, grinding, chemical pickling or electro-polishing of the substrate.

Abstract: A barrier coating is disclosed, containing about 15 atom % to about 95 atom % chromium; and about 5 atom % to about 60 atom % of at least one of rhenium, tungsten, and ruthenium. Nickel, cobalt, iron, and aluminum may also be present. The barrier coating can be disposed between a metal substrate (e.g., a superalloy) and an oxidation-resistant coating, preventing the substantial diffusion of various elements at elevated service temperatures. A ceramic overcoat (e.g., based on zirconia) can be applied over the oxidation-resistant coating. Related methods for applying protective coatings to metal substrates are also described.

Abstract: Disclosed is a system and a method for applying both a kinetic spray applied coating layer and a thermal spray applied layer onto a substrate using a single application nozzle. The system includes a higher heat capacity gas heater to permit oscillation between a kinetic spray mode wherein the particles being applied are not thermally softened and a thermal spray mode wherein the particles being applied are thermally softened prior to application. The system increases the versatility of the spray nozzle and addresses several problems inherent in kinetic spray applied coatings.

Abstract: A method of electrolessly gold plating copper on a printed circuit board (PCB). Starting with a copper patterned PCB, steps include: clean with ultrasonic agitation with the PCB initially oriented vertically and gradually moved to a 45° angle; rinse; sulfuric acid bath with ultrasonic and mechanical agitation; rinse; another sulfuric acid bath with ultrasonic and mechanical agitation; plate the copper with palladium with ultrasonic agitation with the PCB initially oriented at a 45° angle and flipped half way through to opposing 45° angle; rinse; post dip in sulfuric acid; rinse; electrolessly nickel plate with mechanical agitation; rinse; nitrogen blow dry; visual inspection for nickel coverage of the copper; hydrochloric acid bath with manual agitation; rinse; if full nickel coverage was not achieved, repeat preceding steps starting with second sulfuric acid bath; gold flash plate to establish a first layer of gold; rinse; autocatalytic gold plate; rinse; and nitrogen blow dry.

Abstract: A method of confined synthesis of nanostructured material inside a mesoporous material. The method includes the step of providing mesoporous material having uniform and ordered mesopores. Next, a monolayer of charged functional group is attached on the pore surface of mesoporous host material by reacting with functional molecule. A oppositely-charged molecule is incorporated into the confined space of mesoporous material by either ion exchange or incipient wetness impregnation. Finally, the incorporated molecule is reduced or oxidized or further reacted with secondarily-incorporated molecule to form nanostructured material in mesoporous material.

Abstract: A method including forming a first layer comprising a chemical conversion coating on a metal surface; and forming a second layer on the first layer through a sol gel process. An apparatus including a metal component having at least one surface; a first layer comprising a chemical conversion coating on the at least one surface; and a second layer derived from a sol gel composition on the first layer.

Abstract: A metallic base material is covered with a coating layer of intermetallic compound, or a plurality of metallic base materials are welded to each other with an intermetallic compound, with reduced energy consumption within a short period of time. First metallic substance 31 in powdery form is piled up on metallic base material 2. Second metallic substance 3 in molten form is delivered onto piling layer 80 of the first substance. Thus, under the control of reaction initiation temperature, coating layer (or building up coating layer) 84 of intermetallic compound having a thickness of hundreds of microns (&mgr;m) to millimeters (mm) is formed on the base material 2 by the self-exothermic reaction between the first substance and the second substance. This method is also useful in the welding of a plurality of metallic base materials to each other with an intermetallic compound. The first substance can be constituted of, for example, Ni, Co or Fe. The second substance can be constituted of, for example, Al or Ti.